Pfungwa dzeAristotle

Aristotelian logic, inozivikanwawo seAristotle's logical system, chirango chinotangira muzana ramakore rechina BC chakagadzirwa nemuzivi wechiGiriki ane mukurumbira, Aristotle. Iyi nzira yekufunga uye yekufunga yakavakirwa pahurongwa hwakarongeka hwakapesvedzera uzivi, sainzi, uye kufunga kwekuongorora kwemazana emakore.

Aristotelian logic inotarisisa pakunzwisisa uye kupatsanura pfungwa nezvirevo, uye inotsvaga kumisa hwaro hune musoro uye hwakasimba hwekusvika pamhedziso dzinoshanda. Kuburikidza nemaitiro ake ekudzikisa, Aristotle akatanga nheyo dze sylogisms, nzira yekufunga iyo mhedziso dzinotorwa kubva munzvimbo yakapihwa.

Iyi nzira ine musoro inopatsanurwa munzvimbo dzinoverengeka, senge dzidziso yeboka, apo makirasi akasiyana ezvinhu uye hukama pakati pazvo zvinodzidzwa; chirevo uye mutongo, uko chimiro uye chokwadi chezvirevo zvinoongororwa; uye syllogism, iyo inobvumira mhedziso kuti iite maererano neyakasimbiswa nzvimbo.

Aristotelian logic yakasiya maitiro echigarire pakufunga kwekuMadokero uye inoramba iine basa parizvino. Kusimbisa kwaro pakurongeka uye kuwirirana kunonzwisisika kwakapesvedzera dzidziso dzakaita seuzivi, masvomhu, mitauro, nesainzi. Kuburikidza nekushandiswa kweAristotelian logic, zvinokwanisika kuvandudza kugona kwedu kupokana zvinobudirira, cherechedza zvikanganiso uye kuvaka kufunga kwakasimba.

Muchidimbu, pfungwa yeAristotelian, ine tarisiro yayo pakurongeka uye chimiro chenharo, inoumba chishandiso chakakosha chekufunga kwakadzama uye kufunga kwakasimba. Iyi inonzwisisika sisitimu inoramba ichikoshera munharaunda yezvidzidzo uye kudzidza kwayo kunotitendera kunyura mumisimboti yakakosha yekunzwisisa.

1. Nhanganyaya yeAristotelian logic: Mafungiro akakosha uye kukosha kwawo kwenhoroondo

Aristotelian logic ibazi reuzivi rinotarisa pakudzidza kweiyo yakakosha pfungwa dzekufunga uye kufunga kwakadzama. Aristotle, mumwe wevazivi vane simba yenhoroondo, akatanga nheyo dzeiyi pfungwa mumabasa ake, izvo zvakave nemigumisiro inokosha panzira yatinonzwisisa nayo nyika uye kuronga nharo dzedu.

Kudzidza kweAristotelian logic zvinotipa maturusi ane simba ekukudziridza hunyanzvi hwekufunga kwakadzama uye kuongorora nekuongorora nharo zvakanyanya. Kunzwisisa pfungwa dzakakosha dzeiyi pfungwa, senge zvirevo, sylogisms, uye manyepo, zvinotibvumira kuona zviri pasi pezvimiro zvenharo uye kuongorora kutendeseka kwavo nekudzikama.

Kukoshera kwenhoroondo yeAristotelian logic iri mukupesvedzera kwayo kusingaperi papfungwa dzekuMadokero. Kwemazana emakore, pfungwa iyi yakashandiswa mundima dzakasiyana-siyana se rhetoric, theology, sainzi, uye uzivi. Nzira yaro yakaoma uye yakarongeka yakagamuchirwa nevazivi vakawanda uye nyanzvi munhoroondo yose, uye maitiro ayo achiri kuonekwa nhasi. Kuburikidza nekudzidza kweAristotelian logic, tinogona kuongorora hwaro hwekufunga kwevanhu uye kunzwisisa kuti yakagadzira sei uye yakashanduka sei nekufamba kwenguva.

2. Syllogism uye basa ravo guru muAristotelian logic

Syllogisms chinhu chepakati muAristotelian logic uye inoita basa rakakosha mukubvisa kufunga. A sylogism igakava rine musoro rine zvivakwa zviviri nemhedziso, uye rinobva pahukama hwemukati pakati pematemu anoshandiswa. Mazwi aya anogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvitatu: chidzidzo, chivakashure uye temu yepakati.

Kunzwisisa uye kushandisa sylogisms ye zvinobudirira, zvakakosha kuziva mitemo nemafomu akaiswa naAristotle. Kune mana ekutanga maitiro e syllogisms, imwe neimwe iine mitemo yayo yechokwadi. Aya maumbirwo anozivikanwa senhamba dzeiyo syllogism uye anomiririrwa nemavara nenhamba kuratidza mazwi uye nzvimbo.

Kana chimiro che syllogism chaonekwa uye nzvimbo yacho yakamiswa, danho rinotevera nderekushandisa mitemo yekufungidzira kuti usvike pamhedzisiro. Mitemo iyi inosanganisira mutemo wepakati akasabatanidzwa, nheyo yekuzivikanwa uye nheyo yekusapokana. Nokunyatsotevera mitemo iyi, munhu anogona kuona kana syllogism inoshanda kana kuti haina, uye nokudaro kuongorora simba renharo. Kuita syllogism mienzaniso uye kudzidzira kunogona kuve nzira yakanaka yekujairana nemirairo iyi uye nekuvandudza kugona kwako kuishandisa. zvinobudirira.

3. The classification of sylogisms uye maitiro avo ane musoro

Syllogisms nharo dzekubvisa dzine zvivako zviviri uye mhedziso, umo hukama hunosimbiswa pakati pepfungwa mbiri kana pfungwa. Kurongeka kwema syllogisms kunoenderana nechimiro chavo chine musoro uye akakamurwa kuva marudzi akasiyana zvichienderana neawo akakosha maitiro.

Imwe yemhando dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa dzekuronga ndeye yakatsanangurwa naAristotle, anozvipatsanura kuita manhamba matatu nemamodhi mana. Zviverengero zvinoreva nzvimbo yematemu munzvimbo nemhedziso, nepo modhi dzichireva kugoverwa kwemazwi muzvirevo. Semuenzaniso, iyo AAA modhi inoonekwa seyakanaka syllogism, nepo EAO modhi inoonekwa seyakashata.

Kumwe kurongeka kwakakosha kunobva pahuwandu uye hunhu hwemazwi munzvimbo uye inozivikanwa sehuwandu uye mhando yemhando. Mune ino sisitimu, sylogisms inorongedzerwa seyepasirese kana chaiyo uye inosimbisa kana yakaipa. Semuenzaniso, yepasirese affirmative syllogism inomiririrwa neformula AAI.

4. Mazwi ane musoro uye basa rawo muAristotelian logic

Aristotelian logic inobva pakushandiswa kwemazwi ane musoro pakuongorora nekunzwisisa kwenharo. Aya mazwi ane basa rakakosha muhurongwa uhu hwepfungwa, sezvo achitibvumidza kumisa hukama hune musoro pakati pepfungwa dzakasiyana uye zvirevo.

Imwe yeanonyanya kukosha mazwi ane musoro muAristotelian logic ndeye "chidzidzo." Musoro wenyaya ndiyo inotaurwa nezvayo muchirevo kana chirevo. Ndiyo pfungwa kana mubatanidzwa uyo chinhu chinosimbiswa kana kurambwa. Semuenzaniso, mune chirevo chekuti "Katsi dzese mhuka dzinoyamwisa," nyaya yacho "katsi." Zvinobva mumashoko ane musoro akadai sechidzidzo kuti zvikamu uye zvikamu zvinogona kuvakwa.

Imwe izwi rinokosha rine musoro ndiro "predicate." Chivakashure ndicho chinosimbiswa kana kurambwa pamusoro pechinyorwa muchirevo. Ipfungwa kana pfungwa inopiwa nemusoro wenyaya. Kuenderera mberi nemuenzaniso wapfuura, mune chirevo chekuti "Katsi dzese mhuka dzinoyamwisa", predicate "ndidzo mhuka". Kuburikidza nemazwi ane musoro akadai sechireverero kuti hukama hwekubatanidzwa kana kusabatanidzwa pakati pemapoka akasiyana hunogona kuumbwa.

5. Mapoka eAristotelian: Chishandiso chakakosha pakurongwa kweruzivo

Mapato eAristotelian chinhu chakakosha chekuronga uye kuronga kweruzivo. Aya mapoka, akakurudzirwa nemuzivi wechiGiriki Aristotle, anopa chimiro chepfungwa chinotibvumira kuongorora nekunzwisisa nyika yakatitenderedza.

Chikamu chekutanga chinhu, izvo zvinoreva chinhu chimwe nechimwe kana masangano, kureva, icho chiripo chega. Semuenzaniso, chigaro kana tafura zvinhu nekuti masangano ane hupenyu hwawo. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti chinhu ndicho chinhu chakakosha uye mamwe mapoka ane hukama nazvo neimwe nzira..

Chikamu chechipiri uwandu, zvinoreva kuyerwa kana ukuru hwechinhu. Tinogona kutaura pamusoro pehuwandu hwehuwandu chechinhu kana mari yatinayo. Kuwanda kunotibvumira kuverenga uye kuenzanisa zvinhu zvakasiyana.

Chikamu chechitatu imhando, izvo zvinoreva maitiro kana hunhu hwechinhu. Tinogona kutaura nezvehutano yechigadzirwa, zvichireva chiyero chayo chekunaka, semuenzaniso. Hunhu hunotibatsira kusiyanisa uye kuronga zvinhu zvakasiyana zvichienderana nehunhu hwazvo..

Aya matatu maAristotelian mapoka angori mavambo ehurongwa hwakakura uye hwakaoma kunzwisisa. Kuburikidza navo, tinogona kuronga nekuongorora ruzivo zvakanyanya, tichigadzira hukama pakati pezvinhu, huwandu uye hunhu. Kushandisa zvikamu izvi kunotipa hwaro hwakasimba hwekuisa ruzivo mumapoka uye kunotibvumira kunzwisisa zviri nani nyika yakatitenderedza..

6. Nheyo yekusapokana uye kukosha kwayo muAristotelian logic

Nheyo yekusapokana ndeimwe yemisimboti yakakosha muAristotelian logic. Iyi nheyo inotaura kuti chirevo hachigoni kuva chechokwadi uye chenhema. panguva imwe. Nemamwe mashoko, kutaura hakugoni kuzvipikisa. Imusimboti une musoro unova pasi pekufunga kwekuita uye yakakosha pakubatana uye kuenderana mukufunga kune musoro.

Muchirevo cheAristotelian, musimboti wokusapokana unoshandiswa sechipimo chekuona huchokwadi hwenharo. Kana nharo ikatyora musimboti uyu, inoonekwa seyakashata uye haigamuchirwi sekufunga kune musoro. Uyezve, nheyo yekusapokana yakabatana nemamwe mazano anokosha ane musoro, akadai semutemo wepakati akasabatanidzwa uye nheyo yekuzivikanwa.

Kukosha kwenheyo yekusapokana kuri mukukwanisa kwayo kuve nechokwadi chekuenderana kunonzwisisika mukufunga kwedu. Nokushandisa musimboti uyu, tinogona kudzivisa kusapindirana kune musoro uye kupokanidzana mukutaura kwedu nenharo. Nenzira iyi, tinogona kuvaka yakasimba uye yakavimbika inonzwisisika sisitimu inotitendera kuti tiite zvinogoneka uye zvinoenderana. Muchidimbu, musimboti wekusapokana ndiyo mbiru yakakosha yeAristotelian logic uye inoita basa rakakosha mukufunga kune musoro uye kufunga zvine musoro.

7. Mafungiro ekusimbisa uye kuramba mune Aristotelian logic uye simba ravo pakufunga.

Muchirevo cheAristotelian, pfungwa dzekusimbisa uye kuramba dzakakosha pakufunga kunobvisa. Mafungiro aya anoreva nzira inotangwa nayo chokwadi kana nhema dzechirevo. Chitsidzo chirevo chinotorwa sechokwadi, ukuwo kuramba chiri chirevo chinotorwa senhema. Aya mazano anoshandiswa kuvaka nharo dzakasimba uye dzechokwadi.

Muchirevo cheAristotelian, chirevo chinoratidzwa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kweshoko rokuti "ndi" kana kuti zvakafanana mune mimwe mitauro, rinoteverwa neunhu hunogoverwa kumusoro. Semuenzaniso, mumutsara wekuti "Denga riri bhuruu," zvinonzi hunhu "blue" hunoshanda kune iyo "denga." Chimiro ichi chinotibvumira kumisa hukama pakati pezvinhu uye hunhu hunozvitsanangura. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti chirevo chinogona kuva chechokwadi kana chenhema, asi kwete zvose. panguva imwe.

Nekune rumwe rutivi, kuramba mumaonero eAristotelian kunoratidzwa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemazwi akadai sekuti "kwete" kana "haasi" anoteverwa nehunhu husina kunaka. Semuenzaniso, mukuramba "Denga harina kutsvuka," zvinonzi hunhu "dzvuku" hahushandi kune chinyorwa "denga." Kuramba kunotibvumira kurasa zvimwe zvirevo uye kusvika pamhedziso zvichibva pane zvisiri zvechokwadi. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kusimbisa uye kuramba kwayo hakugoni kuva kwechokwadi panguva imwe chete, kutevera nheyo yekusapokana.

8. Aristotelian logic uye hukama hwayo nehuzivi hwesainzi

Aristotelian logic ibazi rehuzivi hunoongorora kuti ruzivo rwunowanikwa sei kuburikidza nekufunga uye nharo. Pfungwa iyi yakavakirwa pamisimboti yakadzikwa naAristotle mubasa rake rinonzi "Organon", kwaakagadzira hurongwa hwakarongeka hwekufunga kwekubvisa. Aristotelian logic yave yakakosha muuzivi hwesainzi, sezvo ichipa maturusi anodiwa kuti aongorore chokwadi uye kubatana kwenharo dzesainzi.

Muuzivi hwesainzi, nzira yesainzi inotsamira pamisimboti ine musoro uye ine musoro kuti isvike pamhedziso pamusoro pechisikigo. Aristotelian logic inobata basa rakakosha mukuita uku, sezvo ichipa mitemo yechokwadi chekufungidzira uye humbowo hwekubvisa. Nekushandisa sylogisms, inova rudzi rwekubvisa kufunga, causal hukama hunogona kusimbiswa uye fungidziro dzesainzi dzinogadzwa. Aya ma sylogisms akavakirwa pamisimboti yeAristotelian yekuzivikanwa, kusapokana uye kusabatanidzwa pakati.

Hukama huri pakati peAristotelian logic nehuzivi hwesainzi hunoratidzwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, sekuumbwa nekuongororwa kwedzidziso dzesainzi, kuzivikanwa kwekunyepedzera kunonzwisisika mukufunga kwesainzi, uye kududzira nekutaurirana kwemhedzisiro yesainzi. Mafungiro eAristotelian anopa hwaro hwakasimba hwenharo dzesainzi, hunovimbisa kubatana uye kuvimbika kwenharo. Pamusoro pazvo, zvinotibvumira kuona zvikanganiso zvine musoro uye kusarerekera kwenjere kunogona kukanganisa kufunga kwesainzi. Naizvozvo, ruzivo rweAristotelian logic rwakakosha kuti unzwisise uye udzidzise huzivi hwesainzi nenzira yakaoma uye inotsoropodza.

9. Kutsoropodza kwazvino uno kweAristotelian logic nezvikanganiso zvayo

Kutsoropodza kwazvino uno kwepfungwa dzaAristotelian kwakaratidza kukanganisa kwakasiyana-siyana muhurongwa hwakagadzirwa nemuzivi wechiGiriki. Imwe yekutsoropodza kukuru ndeyekuti Aristotelian logic yakavakirwa pabhinari system yeakaomarara zvikamu, izvo zvinomisa kugona kwayo kugadzirisa kuoma uye kusanzwisisika kunowanikwa mune mamwe matambudziko.

Imwe yekutsoropodza kukuru kweAristotelian logic kusakwanisa kwayo kubata fuzzy logic. Nepo Aristotelian logic inoisa zvinhu muzvikamu chaizvo uye zvakasarudzika, fuzzy logic inoziva mukana wemadhigirii epakati. Semuenzaniso, chirevo chekuti "mumba uno unopisa" hachigone kurongeka sechokwadi kana nhema maererano neAristotelian logic, sezvo muganhu uri pakati pekupisa uye kwete kupisa hauna kunyatsotsanangurwa.

Kumwe kutsoropodza kwakakosha kweAristotelian logic maitiro ayo ekuwira mumanyepo ane musoro. Semuenzaniso, nharo ye ad ignorantiam inosanganisira kutaura kuti chimwe chinhu ichokwadi nokuti hachina kuratidzwa kuti inhema, kana zvakasiyana. Kufunga kworudzi urwu kunogona kurangarirwa kuva nhema, sezvo kusina kuvakirwa paufakazi hwakasimba kana kuti ufakazi. Uku kushomeka kweAristotelian logic kwakatungamira kukudziridzwa kwemaitiro matsva senge modal logic, deontic logic uye non-classical logic, iyo inotsvaga kukurira zvipimo izvi uye kuwedzera chiyero chepfungwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeruzivo.

10. Kugamuchirwa uye nhaka yepfungwa yeAristotelian muhuzivi hwemazuva ano

Aristotelian logic yakadzidzwa zvakanyanya uye kukosheswa muhuzivi hwazvino nekuda kwekugamuchira kwayo kunoshamisa uye nhaka. Maitiro ake akarongeka uye akaomesesa kune chimiro chekufunga ave ane pesvedzero huru mune dzakasiyana siyana dzehuzivi nesainzi.

Chekutanga pane zvese, kugamuchirwa kweAristotelian logic kunogona kujekeswa muuzivi hwekuongorora, uko kwave chinhu chakakosha chekuongorora uye kugadzirisa matambudziko. Vazivi vemazuva ano vakashandisa misimboti ine musoro yaAristotelian kuongorora uye kuongorora nharo, kuzivisa nhema uye kusimbisa hwaro hwakasimba hwenharo dzine musoro.

Uyezve, iyo nhaka yeAristotelian logic yakawedzerawo kuminda senge huzivi hwesainzi uye rhetoric. Muuzivi hwesainzi, kushandiswa kweAristotelian logic kwakabvumira kuvandudzwa kwedzidziso uye kusimbiswa kwefungidziro dzesainzi. Kune rumwe rutivi, mukudzidza kwekutaura, misimboti yeAristotelian yakave yakakosha pakuongorora kunyengetedza nekutaura kwekunyengetedza, kupa chimiro chakasimba chekunzwisisa uye kuongorora kushanda kwenharo dzekutaura.

Muchidimbu, vanozivikanwa nekuda kwesimba ravo paminda yakadai seyekuongorora uzivi, huzivi hwesainzi, uye rhetoric. Nheyo dzayo dzakarongeka uye dzakasimba dzakapa hwaro hwakasimba hwekuongorora zvine musoro, kusimbiswa kwesainzi, uye kuongororwa kwekunyengetedza. Aristotelian logic inoramba iri chishandiso chakakosha mukudzidza uye kuita kwehuzivi hwazvino.

11. Kushandiswa kweAristotelian logic mukudzidza kwemaitiro ehurongwa

Aristotelian logic inobata basa rakakosha mukudzidza kwemasisitimu ari pamutemo nekuda kwekugona kwayo kupa yakarongeka uye yakasimba sisitimu yekuongorora nekunzwisisa kweaya masisitimu. Ichi chimiro chendangariro, chakakudziridzwa nomuzivi wechiGiriki Aristotle, chakavakirwa pakuderedza uye kushandiswa kwemifungo yeboka kuti kuve nemhedziso dzechokwadi.

Kushandisa Aristotelian logic pakudzidza kwemasisitimu ehurongwa, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise zvikamu zvayo zvikuru. Izvi zvinosanganisira pfungwa dzechirevo, temu uye sylogism. Chirevo chirevo chinogona kuva chechokwadi kana chenhema, nepo izwi richireva pfungwa kana mubatanidzwa. Nekune rimwe divi, syllogism ipfungwa inodonhedza iyo ine zvivakwa zviviri uye mhedziso.

Kana kamwe chete kunzwisisa kwekutanga kweAristotelian logic kwave kuwanikwa, maturusi akasiyana uye matekiniki anogona kushandiswa kuongorora uye. gadzirisa matambudziko muzvirongwa zvepamutemo. Kushandisa madhayagiramu eVenn uye matafura echokwadi anogona kubatsira kuona uye kuongorora huchokwadi hwenharo. Zvinobatsirawo kushandisa mitemo ine musoro nemisimboti, senge mutemo wekuzivikanwa uye mutemo wepakati wakasiiwa, kugadzira hukama pakati pezvirevo uye kusvika pamhedziso dzakasimba. Uyezve, tarisa mienzaniso uye shandisa kufunga kunoderedza nhanho nhanho inogona kuva nzira inoshanda yekunzwisisa uye kugadzirisa matambudziko akaoma.

12. Aristotelian logic uye kushandiswa kwayo mukugadzirisa matambudziko anoshanda

13. Mipiro yepfungwa yeAristotelian kuhuzivi hwemutauro uye semantics

Mafungiro eAristotelian akaita zvakakosha kuhunyanzvi hwemutauro uye semantics, sezvo ichipa hwaro hwepfungwa hwakasimba hwekuongorora nekunzwisisa kuti mutauro unoshanda sei uye kuti unodyidzana sei nenyika. Imwe yemipiro inocherechedzwa kukudziridzwa kwedzidziso yematemu uye zvirevo, izvo zvinosimbisa hwaro hwekunzwisisa zvinorehwa nemazwi mune chaiyo mamiriro. Dzidziso iyi inoti mazwi anogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana uye kuti zvidavado zvinoreva zvimiro kana hunhu hwemazwi.

Imwe mupiro wakakosha weAristotelian logic ndeyekudziridzwa kwemitemo nemisimboti yekufungidzira kwakakodzera. Maererano naAristotle, kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekufungidzira akarurama uye anoruramiswa. Iyi mitemo nemisimboti, inozivikanwa se syllogisms, inotibvumira kuona kuti nharo ndeyechokwadi here kana kuti kwete. Syllogisms inoumbwa nenzvimbo uye mhedziso, uye inoteedzera yakaomesesa inonzwisisika chimiro chinovimbisa chokwadi chekufunga.

Uyezve, Aristotelian logic yakabatsirawo kune semantics nekupa hwaro hwekudzidza kwechimiro chechirevo uye kuumbwa. Dzidziso yezvikamu zvegirama yakagadziriswa naAristotle inosimbisa kuti mazwi anogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana, zvakadai semazita, zviito, zvipikisi, nezvimwewo. Aya mapoka anoita basa guru pakuona zvinorehwa nemitsara uye kuti zvirevo zvinogadzirwa sei. Naizvozvo, pfungwa dzeAristotelian dzakapa hwaro hwakasimba hwekuongorora nekunzwisisa mutauro kubva pamaonero emaonero. [KUPERA

14. Mhedziso: Mafungiro ekupedzisira pamusoro pechokwadi uye kukosha kweAristotelian logic mumamiriro ezvinhu emazuva ano.

Pfungwa yeAristotelian yanga iri nyaya yekukakavadzana nekufungisisa kwemazana emakore, uye kutendeseka kwayo mumamiriro ezvinhu emazuva ano inyaya yakakodzera. Kuburikidza nekudzidza kwakadzama kwemisimboti uye zvimiro zvayo, tinogona kuonga kuti pfungwa iyi inogona kushandiswa sei mukuongorora uye kufunga kwemamiriro akasiyana-siyana muchokwadi chedu chazvino.

Chimwe chezvikonzero nei Aristotelian logic ichiramba yakakosha kugona kwayo kumisikidza hukama hwakajeka uye hwakabatana uye zvimiro zvepfungwa. Kutarisa kwayo pazvikamu, syllogisms, uye misimboti yekubvisa kufunga inopa hwaro hwakasimba hwekunzwisisa zvakasiyana zviitiko. Nekushandisa pfungwa dzeAristotelian tinogona kuongorora zvirevo, nharo uye mhedziso nenzira yakadzama uye ine hungwaru, tichibvumira kunzwisisa kwakasimba uye kwakasimba kwemaitiro edu.

Muchirevo chemazuva ano, Aristotelian logic inotipawo chishandiso chekuziva uye kuongorora kwechokwadi uye chakasimba nharo. Ongororo ine mufungo inotibvumira kusiyanisa pakati penzvimbo yechokwadi neyenhema, pamwe nekuona manyepo nezvikanganiso mukufunga. Uku kugona kweungwaru kunonyanya kukosha munguva yedu yekukurumidza uye nehukuru hwekuwaniswa ruzivo, apo zuva rega rega tinorohwa nenharo dzemhando dzakasiyana. Aristotelian logic inotibatsira kusefa uye kuongorora nharo idzi zvine mufungo uye zvine hungwaru, tichisimbisa kugona kwedu kutsoropodza nekuongorora.

Mukupedzisa, Aristotelian logic inomira seyakaomarara uye chaiyo sisitimu yekudzidza kwekufunga kwakanaka. Dzidziso iyi, yakatangwa nomuzivi wechiGiriki Aristotle, yakaramba iripo kwemazana emakore uye yakapesvedzera zvikuru kukudziridzwa kwakatevera kwepfungwa nouzivi hwokuMadokero.

Aristotelian logic yakavakirwa pamusimboti wekuzivikanwa, Mutemo weKusabatanidzwa Wechitatu uye musimboti wekusapokana, nokudaro uchigadzira deductive system inobvumira mhedziso kuti dzipinzwe kubva munzvimbo dzakagadzirwa nemazvo. Kuburikidza nemidziyo yayo, senge syllogisms uye zvikamu, Aristotelian logic akatipa nzira yakasimba yekuongorora uye kuongorora nharo muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezivo.

Pasinei nezera rayo, pfungwa yeAristotelian inoramba iine basa nhasi, kuwana kushanda kwete muhuzivi chete, asiwo mune zvidzidzo zvakadai semasvomhu, linguistics, ungwaru hwekugadzira uye computer science. Nzira yaro yakarongeka uye kusimbisa kuwirirana uye kuwirirana kwekufunga kunoita kuti zvive chinhu chakakosha chekudzidza nekugadzirisa matambudziko ane musoro.

Muchidimbu, pfungwa yeAristotelian inoratidzwa sechirango chakakosha mukunzwisisa kwemaitiro ekufunga uye kuongororwa kwakarongeka kwenharo. Nzira dzayo dzakasimba uye misimboti ine musoro ine musoro zvakasiya nhaka inogara munhoroondo hungwaru, hunoratidza kuva mupiro wakakura mukufambisira mberi kwezivo uye kukwanisa kwomunhu kufunga zvakanaka.