Chii chinonzi Web Server?

Iyo webhu server chinhu chakakosha mukushanda kweInternet zvivakwa. Ndiro dombo repakona rinobvumira vashandisi kuwana nekugovana ruzivo pawebhu pasi rese. Kunyange kukosha kwayo kusingarambike, vashandisi vazhinji havanyatso nzwisisa kuti webhu server chii uye kuti inoshanda sei. Muchinyorwa chino, isu tichaongorora zvakadzama kuti webhu server chii, zvikamu zvayo uye basa rayo rakakosha mukubhurawuza kweinternet.

1. Nhanganyaya kune pfungwa yeWeb Server

A web server isoftware inobvumira kutaurirana pakati pemushandisi neruzivo rwunogarwa pawebhusaiti. Iyo ine basa rekugamuchira zvikumbiro zvevashandisi kuburikidza newebhu browser yavo uye kutumira mhinduro inoenderana. Pamusoro pezvo, ine basa rekutonga zviwanikwa zvinodiwa kuitira kuti webhusaiti iwanikwe kubva kupi zvako pasirese.

Kune marudzi akasiyana emaseva ewebhu, asi anonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeaApache HTTP Server, Nginx uye Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS). Imwe neimwe ine zvimiro zvayo uye sarudzo dzekugadzirisa, asi ivo vese vane zvakafanana basa rekupa mukana kune mawebhusaiti.

Kuti utange kushanda newebhu server, unofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwekutanga rwetiweki uye mashandiro anoita HTTP protocol. Uye zvakare, zvinokurudzirwa kuve neruzivo rwewebhu programming mitauro senge HTML, CSS uye JavaScript, sezvo izvi zvichikutendera iwe kugadzirisa mawebhusaiti anogarwa pane server. Neraki, kune akawanda epamhepo zviwanikwa uye tutorials izvo zvinogona kukubatsira iwe kuwana ruzivo urwu uri wega.

Kana ruzivo rwakakosha rwawanikwa, kuiswa uye kugadzirisa kwewebhu server kunogona kuitwa nekutevera matanho mashoma ari nyore. Chekutanga pane zvese, iwe unofanirwa kusarudza iyo webhu server yaunoda kushandisa uye kurodha inoenderana software kubva kune yayo yepamutemo saiti. Zvadaro, sevha inoiswa uye inogadziriswa maererano nezvinodiwa uye maitiro epurojekiti. Chekupedzisira, zvinoonekwa kuti sevha iri kushanda nemazvo uye bvunzo dzinodiwa dzinoitwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuita kwayo.

Muchidimbu, pfungwa yewebhu server yakakosha pakunzwisisa kuti kutaurirana pakati pevashandisi nemawebhusaiti kunoshanda sei. Dzidza nezvemhando dzakasiyana dzewebhu maseva, mabasa ayo uye kuiswa kwayo / kugadzirisa kunotibvumira kuva nekutonga kukuru pamusoro pemapeji edu ewebhu uye kupa ruzivo rwevashandisi huri nani. Nezviwanikwa zvakakodzera uye zvidzidzo, basa iri rinogona kuitwa nemunhu wese anofarira kudzidza nezvenyaya iyi.

2. Mabasa uye maitiro eWeb Server

Kune akasiyana siyana emabasa uye maficha anoita webhu server chishandiso chakakosha munyika yehunyanzvi. Chekutanga, sevha yewebhu inokwanisa kuchengeta nekushandira static uye ane simba mapeji ewebhu, achibvumira kuratidzwa uye kuwana ruzivo paInternet.

Pamusoro pezvo, imwe sevha yewebhu inogona kubata akawanda mawebhusaiti uye madomasi, ichiita kuti ive inoshanda uye inokatyamadza mhinduro kumakambani nemabhizinesi epamhepo. Mamwe maseva ewebhu anopawo kugona kubata mitauro yakasiyana-siyana yekuronga, senge PHP, Java kana Ruby, ichipa vanogadzira shanduko huru. kugadzira maapplication anodyidzana uye akasarudzika mawebhusaiti.

Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chewebhu server kuchengetedza. Masevha eWebhu ane zvishandiso zvakasiyana zvinokutendera kuti uchengetedze ruzivo uye data rakabatwa pazviri. Zvishandiso izvi zvinosanganisira mafirewall, encryption yedata, chokwadi chemushandisi, uye dziviriro pakurwiswa seCross-Site Scripting (XSS) kana SQL Injection. Kuchengeteka kwewebhu server kwakakosha kuvimbisa kuvanzika uye kuvimbika kweruzivo rwevashandisi.

3. Zvikamu zvekutanga zveWeb Server

Izvo zvinhu zvakakosha zvekushanda uye kuendesa zvemukati paInternet. Izvi zvikamu zvinoshanda pamwe chete kuti ive nechokwadi chekuwanikwa uye kuwanikwa kwewebhusaiti.

1. HTTP Server: Sevha yeHTTP ndicho chinhu chikuru chewebhu server. Iyo ine basa rekugamuchira zvikumbiro zvevatengi uye kuvatumira iwo anowirirana mapeji ewebhu. Mamwe eanonyanya kufarirwa maseva eHTTP ndiApache, Nginx, uye IIS.

2. Sisitimu Inoshanda: Sisitimu yekushandisa Icho chimwe chikamu chakakosha muwebhu server. Iyo ine basa rekutonga server zviwanikwa senge processor, ndangariro, uye kuchengetedza. Vamwe masisitimu ekushanda Zvakajairika kumaseva ewebhu Linux, Windows Server uye FreeBSD.

3. Programming Language: Mutauro wekuronga unodiwa kuti ugadzire mawebhusaiti anozomhanya pane server. Mutauro unoshandiswa zvakanyanya pawebhu is HTML, asi mimwe mitauro yakaita seCSS, JavaScript uye PHP inoshandiswawo. Ruzivo rwakanaka rwemitauro iyi rwakakosha pakuvandudza nekuchengetedza webhu server.

Pamusoro pezvinhu izvi zvakakosha, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuve chikamu chewebhu server, senge dhatabhesi, email masevhisi, uye domain name server. Kusarudzwa kwakakodzera uye kugadzirisa kwezvikamu izvi zvakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakakwana uye ruzivo rwemushandisi runogutsa. Muchidimbu, ivo HTTP sevha, iyo inoshanda sisitimu uye mutauro wepurogiramu, iyo inoshanda pamwe chete kuendesa online zvemukati.

4. Protocols inoshandiswa neWeb Server

Masevha ewebhu anoshandisa mapuroteni akasiyana kutaurirana nevatengi uye nekupa masevhisi paWorld Wide Web. Pazasi pane mamwe akajairika maprotocol anoshandiswa nemawebhu maseva.

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa protocol pawebhu. Inobvumira kufambiswa kwemashoko pakati pesevha nemutengi. Kana mutengi achikumbira peji rewebhu, sevha inopindura nedatha inodiwa kuti iratidze mubrowser yemutengi. Iyo HTTP protocol inoshandisa zvikumbiro nemhinduro kutaurirana.

HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure): Iyo yakachengeteka vhezheni yeHTTP protocol. Inoshandisa SSL/TLS encryption kuchengetedza ruzivo rwunofambiswa pakati pesevha nemutengi. HTTPS inonyanya kukosha pawebhusaiti inobata data rakadzama, senge ruzivo rwemunhu kana kutengeserana kwemari.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Iyo protocol inoshandiswa kuendesa mafaera pakati pesevha nemutengi. Inokutendera iwe kurodha uye kurodha mafaera pane network. Masevha ewebhu anowanzo shandisa FTP kubvumira vatariri vewebhusaiti kurodha uye kutonga mafaera pane server. Vatengi vanogona kuwana mafaera vachishandisa FTP mutengi.

5. Mhando dzeWeb Servers uye kusiyana kwavo

Webhu server isoftware system inodzora zvikumbiro zvevatengi uye inogovera zvemukati zvewebhu paInternet. Kune marudzi akasiyana emaseva ewebhu, imwe neimwe iine maitiro ayo uye kushanda kwayo. Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora mamwe mavhavha ewebhu akajairika uye kusiyana kwawo.

1. Apache Server: Apache ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sevha yewebhu pasi rose. Iyo yakavhurika sosi uye inoshanda pane akawanda anoshanda masisitimu, anosanganisira Windows, macOS, uye Linux. Apache inozivikanwa nekugadzikana kwayo, kuchengetedzeka uye kuchinjika. Iyo inogadziriswa zvakanyanya uye inotsigira huwandu hwakasiyana hwekuwedzera uye ma module. Nharaunda yayo yakakura yevashandisi uye vanogadzira inoita kuti zvive nyore kuwana zvinyorwa, zvidzidzo, uye rutsigiro online.

2. Nginx Server: Nginx imwe yakavhurika sosi yewebhu server yakawana mukurumbira mumakore achangopfuura. Kusiyana neApache, Nginx inotarisa pakureruka, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuita kwakanyanya. Inonyanya kukodzera kubata nhamba huru yezvikumbiro panguva imwe chete uye kushumira static content. Nginx inoshandisa async-inotyairwa chiitiko modhi, ichibvumira hukuru scalability uye kuita zvichienzaniswa nemamwe maseva ewebhu. Inowanzo shandiswa sereverse proxy kana loader balancer nekuda kwekugona kwayo kubata huwandu hukuru hwetraffic.

3. Microsoft IIS Server: IIS iwebhu sevha yakagadzirwa neMicrosoft uye inosanganiswa neWindows Server inoshanda system. Kunyangwe isingazivikanwe seApache kana Nginx, IIS inozivikanwa nekubatanidzwa kwayo nemamwe matekinoroji eMicrosoft nemasevhisi, akadai seASP.NET uye SQL Server. IIS inopa iri nyore kushandisa graphical mushandisi interface (GUI), zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kugadzirisa uye kubata, kunyanya kune vashandisi veWindows. Pamusoro pezvo, IIS inopa kuchengetedzeka kwakanaka uye kuita, uye inotsigira huwandu hwakasiyana hwewebhu matekinoroji.

Iyi ingori mienzaniso mishoma yemhando dzakasiyana dzewebhu maseva dziripo. Imwe neimwe ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira, saka zvakakosha kuti uongorore zvaunoda chaizvo usati wasarudza web host yepurojekiti yako. Rangarira kuti, pamusoro peaya anoratidzwa maseva ewebhu, kune zvakare dzimwe sarudzo dziripo pamusika, seLiteSpeed, Lighttpd, pakati pevamwe.

6. Architecture yeWeb Server

Iyo webhu server chinhu chakakosha mune zvivakwa zvechero webhusaiti. Mavakirwo ayo anotsanangura kuti zvikamu zvakasiyana zvinoigadzira zvakagadziriswa sei uye zvakarongeka, zvichivimbisa kushanda kwayo kwakanaka uye kwakachengeteka. Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora zvinhu zvakakosha zvinoumba iyo .

1. Sisitimu Inoshanda: Chinhu chekutanga chekufunga nezve iyo sisitimu yekushandisa iyo iyo webhu server ichamhanya. Mamwe eanowanzo shanda masisitimu ewebhu maseva Linux, Windows Server, uye FreeBSD. Imwe neimwe ine zvayakanakira nezvayo yekufunga kufunga, sekuchengetedza, kugadzikana, uye kuenderana nehumwe matekinoroji.

2. Servidor HTTP: Sevha yeHTTP ndicho chinhu chikuru chewebhu server. Iyo ine basa rekugamuchira zvikumbiro zvevatengi, kuzvigadzirisa uye kutumira mhinduro dzinoenderana. Pane dzakasiyana sarudzo dziripo, dzakadai seApache, Nginx uye Microsoft IIS, imwe neimwe iine yayo chaiyo maficha uye magadzirirwo. Izvo zvakakosha kuti usarudze iyo yakakodzera HTTP server kuti isangane nekuita uye scalability zvinodiwa zvewebhusaiti yako.

3. Lenguaje de Programación: Pamwe chete nesevha yeHTTP, mutauro wechirongwa unoshandiswa muwebhu server chimwe chinhu chakakosha. Mimwe yemitauro inonyanya kufarirwa inosanganisira PHP, Python, Ruby, uye Java. Mutauro wega wega une zvawo zvakanakira nezvaunokanganisa, pamwe neakabatana masisitimu uye maraibhurari anofambisa kuvandudzwa kwewebhu application. Sarudzo yemutauro inoenderana nezvido zvepurojekiti yako.

Muchidimbu, inoumbwa neiyo inoshanda sisitimu, iyo HTTP sevha uye mutauro wechirongwa. Sarudzo yakakodzera yechikamu chimwe nechimwe yakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakanaka uye kwakachengeteka kwewebhusaiti yako. Rangarira kufunga nezve chengetedzo, kugadzikana, kuita, uye scalability paunenge uchisarudza chimwe nechimwe chezvinhu izvi zvakakosha.

7. Kugadzirisa uye kutonga kweWeb Server

Muchikamu chino, iwe uchadzidza zvese zvaunoda kugadzirisa uye kubata webhu server zvinobudirira. Tichakupa gwara nhanho nhanho, pamwe chete nedzidziso, mazano uye mienzaniso inoshanda.

Kutanga, zvakakosha kuti usarudze iyo yakakodzera webhu saiti kune zvaunoda. Dzimwe sarudzo dzakakurumbira ndiApache, Nginx, kana Microsoft IIS. Kana sevha yasarudzwa, tinokuratidza nzira yekuisa uye kuigadzirisa nemazvo.

Mukugadzirisa maitiro, isu tinokudzidzisa maitiro ekugadzirisa mashandiro ewebhu server, kumisikidza yakanyanya kufanirwa paramita kuti iwedzere kumhanya kwayo uye kushanda kwayo. Pamusoro pezvo, isu tinokupa mazano ekuchengetedza kuchengetedza server yako kubva kune zvinogona kutyisidzira.

Tevere, isu tichataura nezve web server management. Isu tinokuratidza maitiro ekugadzirisa akasiyana maficha, senge faira manejimendi uye kugadzirisa zvakajairika matambudziko. Isu tichakupawo zvishandiso zvinobatsira zvekutevera server performance uye kugadzirisa chero nyaya dzinogona kumuka.

Muchidimbu, chikamu ichi chinokupa ruzivo rwese rwakakosha kugadzirisa uye kubata webhu server zvinobudirira. Tevedza matanho uye matipi akapihwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakachengeteka uye kwakachengeteka kweserver yako. Tanga izvozvi uye uwane zvakanyanya kubva pawebhu server yako!

8. Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa matekinoroji muWeb Servers

Kune akasiyana matekinoroji akajairwa anoshandiswa mumawebhu maseva kuti ave nechokwadi chekushanda kwakakwana uye yakatsetseka mushandisi ruzivo. Pazasi pane mamwe anonyanya kuzivikanwa matekinoroji munzvimbo ino:

1. Masevha eHTTP: Masevha ewebhu ane mukurumbira akadai seApache, Nginx, uye Microsoft IIS anoshandisa HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) protocol kufambisa kutaurirana pakati pesevha nemutengi. Aya maseva eHTTP anovimbika zvakanyanya uye anogona scalable, achibvumira kutumira kwakanaka kwezvikumbiro nemhinduro.

2. Server programming mitauro: Kugadzira mawebhusaiti ane simba, server-side programming mitauro yakadai sePP, Python, Ruby, Java, uye .NET inoshandiswa. Iyi mitauro inobvumira kugadzirwa kwezvemunhu zvemukati uye kudyidzana nemadhatabhesi uye zvimwe zviwanikwa zvehurongwa.

3. Database management system: Masevha eWebhu anoshandawo akabatana nemasisitimu ekuchengetedza dhatabhesi akadai seMySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, uye Microsoft SQL Server. Aya masisitimu anogonesa kuchengetedza uye kwakachengeteka kwedata, pamwe nekugadzirisa yakaoma mibvunzo uye kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika kwedata.

9. Kuongororwa kwekuita uye scalability muWeb Servers

Chinhu chakakosha pakuona kushanda kwakanaka uye kugona kwechikumbiro kana webhusaiti. Mukuita uku, inoongororwa kuti sevha yewebhu inopindura sei kune zvikumbiro zvevashandisi uye kuti inozvibata sei kana basa richiwedzera.

Kuita ongororo yekuita uye scalability, zvakakosha kuve nematurusi ane hunyanzvi anokubvumira kuyera uye kutarisa nguva yekupindura sevha, mashandisiro ezvishandiso, uye simba rekupindura pamberi pekudiwa kukuru. Mamwe eaya maturusi akajairika ndiApache JMeter, LoadRunner, uye Gatling. Zvishandiso izvi zvinokupa iwe metric uye zviziviso munguva chaiyo, izvo zvinokutendera kuti uone mabhodhoro ekuita uye kutarisira matambudziko angangoitika.

Kana uchinge waunganidza data, zvakakosha kuti uongorore migumisiro yakawanikwa. Iwe unofanirwa kuterera kune akakosha metrics akadai seavhareji nguva yekupindura, nhamba yezvikumbiro pasekondi, zvikanganiso zveseva, uye chiyero chekubudirira kwebasa.. Kana iwe ukaona kushomeka mune chero metric, iwe unozofanirwa kuona chiri kukonzera uye kutora matanho ekugadzirisa nyaya dzekuita. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kukwidziridza kodhi kodhi, kuvandudza server kumisikidzwa, kana kunyange kuyera zvivakwa.

10. Chengetedzo paWeb Servers: zvinhu zvekufunga nezvazvo

Masevha ewebhu chinhu chakakosha mune chero tekinoroji zvivakwa sezvo ivo vane basa rekutambira nekugadzirisa zvirimo. kubva pawebhusaiti web. Nechikonzero ichi, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwewebhu maseva kuchengetedza ruzivo rwakadzama uye kudzivirira zvinogona kuitika zvecyber. Hezvino zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zvekufunga nezve kuchengetedza maseva ako ewebhu uye achengetedze akachengetedzwa:

1. Kugadziridzwa kwesoftware: Izvo zvakakosha kuchengetedza web server software kusvika parizvino. Izvi zvinosanganisira sisitimu yekushandisa, webhu server pachayo (seApache, Nginx, nezvimwewo), uye chero imwe software kana mamodule anoshandiswa. Zvigadziriso zveSoftware zvinowanzo sanganisira kuvandudzwa kwekuchengetedza uye kugadzirisa tsikidzi, saka zvakakosha kuti uzviise nekukurumidza kuvhara zvinogona kuitika.

2. Configuración segura: Kuve nechokwadi chekuti web server kumisikidzwa yakaitwa nemazvo kwakakosha kuidzivirira. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuseta mvumo dzakakodzera pamafaira nemadhairekitori, kuita matanho ekudzivirira kubva mukurambidzwa kwesevhisi (DDoS) kurwiswa, uye kudzikisira kuwana zviwanikwa zvakakomba kuburikidza nemirairo yefirewall kana kuwana control list (ACLs).

3. Seguridad en la red: Pamusoro pekuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwemukati kwewebhu server, zvakakosha kutora matanho ekudzivirira kubva kune kunze kwekutyisidzira. Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandisa maprotocol ekuchengetedza, akadai seSSL/TLS encryption, kuchengetedza kutaurirana pakati pesevha nevashandisi. Kushandiswa kwefirewall kunokurudzirwawo kusefa zvisingadiwe traffic uye kudzivirira kuedza kwekupinda.

Pamusoro pezvakakosha izvi, zvakakosha kutevedzera kuchengetedzwa kwewebhu zvakanakisa maitiro, kuita ongororo yenguva dzose, kutarisa matanda ezviitiko, uye kugara uchiziva nezvehutsva hutsva uye kutyisidzira. Kuchengetedzwa kweWeb server kunoda maitiro ekuita uye anowirirana kuchengetedza nharaunda yakachengetedzwa uye kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika kwedata uye masevhisi akabatwa pavari.

11. Open Source Web Servers vs. varidzi

Kune marudzi maviri makuru emaseva ewebhu: open source uye proprietary. Zvose zvine zvazvakanakira uye zvazvakaipira, saka zvakakosha kuti unzwisise mutsauko kuti uite sarudzo yakanaka zvichienderana nezvinodiwa newebhusaiti yako.

Vhura sosi yewebhu maseva ndeaya ane kodhi kodhi inowanikwa kuti chero munhu aongorore, agadzirise, uye agovane mahara. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nharaunda yekuvandudza inogona kubatsira mukugara ichivandudza nekuvandudza software.

Kune rumwe rutivi, proprietary web servers ndeavo vane code code isingawanikwe kune veruzhinji. Aya maseva anowanzo gadzirwa uye anochengetwa neimwe kambani, iyo inogona kusanganisira yakakwira mutengo wekutanga uye kuenderera mberi nekutsamira kune kambani inopa.

12. Maitiro uye shanduko yeWeb Servers

Nyika yemaseva ewebhu inogara ichishanduka, ichichinjika kune zvinodiwa nemusika uye maitiro. Sezvo isu tichienda kune imwe yakanyanyisa dhijitari nharaunda, maseva ewebhu ave chidimbu chakakosha cheiyo webhusaiti chero webhusaiti kana online application. Mupfungwa iyi, zvakakosha kuziva nezvezvinozvino mafambiro ehunyanzvi, chengetedzo uye mashandiro ekuvimbisa basa rakakwana.

Imwe yemaitiro makuru mukushanduka kwemawebhu maseva ndeyekutorwa kwemidziyo yekuisa matekinoroji, senge Docker. Izvi zvinobvumira vanogadzira kurongedza maapplication uye zvavanovimba nazvo mumidziyo yakaparadzana, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuendesa uye kutumira. Izvi hazvisi kungomhanyisa maitiro ekusimudzira asiwo zvinovandudza scalability uye kushanda zvakanaka kweseva.

Pamusoro pezvo, kuchengetedzeka kunoramba kuri kunetseka kukuru munzvimbo yewebhu server. Sezvo kutyisidzira kwe cyber kuchiwedzera, zvakakosha kuve nematanho ekudzivirira akakwana munzvimbo. Imwe maitiro mune izvi kushandiswa kweSSL/TLS zvitupa kugonesa hukama hwakachengeteka pakati pemaseva nevatengi. Izvi zvinova nechokwadi chekuti data rinofambiswa rakavharidzirwa uye rakachengetedzwa kubva pakurwiswa kunobvira.

13. Zvishandiso zvakakurumbira zvinoda Web Server

Aya ndeaya umo zvirimo kana mashandiro anoda kugarwa nekupihwa kuburikidza newebhu. Mimwe mienzaniso inosanganisira static mawebhusaiti, e-commerce masaiti, zvemukati manejimendi masisitimu (CMS), bhizinesi webhu application, uye masocial network. Muchinyorwa chino, tichakuzivisa iwe kune mamwe eaya maapplication uye maitiro aungaita iyo Web Server kuti ivagamuchire nemazvo.

Imwe yeakajairika uye yakakurumbira mienzaniso yezvishandiso inoda Webhu Server ndeye static mawebhusaiti. Aya mawebhusaiti anowanzo kugadzirwa neHTML, CSS uye JavaScript mapeji anoratidzwa sezvakangoita kumushandisi. Kuti utore webhusaiti yakasimba, unofanirwa kugadzirisa Webhu Server seApache kana Nginx, inova nebasa rekushandira mafaera eHTML kune browser yemuenzi. Mukuwedzera, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa mutauro wemarkup yemazuva ano, senge HTML5, uye ronga zvemukati uchishandisa yakajeka dhairekitori chimiro kuitira nyore kufamba.

Mumwe muenzaniso unozivikanwa ndeyemukati manejimendi masisitimu (CMS), akadai seWordPress kana Drupal. Aya maapplication anotendera iwe kuti ugadzire uye ubate ane simba mawebhusaiti, uko zvirimo zvakachengetwa mukati dhatabhesi uye inoratidzwa kumushandisi nenzira yakasarudzika. Kuti utore CMS, unofanirwa kuisa sevha yewebhu uye kugadzirisa dhatabhesi rinoenderana, senge MySQL kana PostgreSQL. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinokurudzirwa kutevedzera kumisikidza uye kumisikidza madhairekitori anopihwa neCMS uye kuona kuti sevha inosangana neiyo shoma hardware uye software zvinodiwa.

14. Mhedziso: Sei zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti Web Server chii?

Muchidimbu, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti webhu server chii nekuda kwebasa rayo rakakosha mukushanda kwemawebhusaiti.

Chekutanga, kunzwisisa kuti webhu server chii kwakakosha pakugadzira nekuchengetedza webhusaiti yakabudirira. Webhu server ine basa rekuchengeta mafaera uye zvinyorwa zvewebhusaiti uye nekuzvitumira kune vashandisi vanoiwana. Pasina webhu server yakakodzera, webhusaiti haizokwanisi kushanda nemazvo uye vashandisi havazokwanisi kuwana zvirimo.

Pamusoro pezvo, kuziva kuti webhu server inoshanda sei kwakakosha pakugadzirisa chero nyaya dzehunyanzvi dzinogona kumuka. Kana kukanganisa kwewebhu server kukaitika, senge nguva yekudzikira kana peji isingatakuri zvakanaka, kunzwisisa kuti sevha inoshanda sei kunogona kuita kuti zvive nyore kuziva uye kugadzirisa dambudziko zvakanyanya.

Chekupedzisira, kunzwisisa kuti webhu server chii kwakakosha kukwenenzvera kuita kwewebhusaiti. Kuziva zviwanikwa zviripo uye mashandisirwo azvinoitwa pasevha zvinokutendera kuti uite zvigadziriso uye zvigadziriso zvinodikanwa kuti uve nechokwadi chakatsiga uye nekukurumidza mushandisi ruzivo.

Mukupedzisa, kunzwisisa kuti webhu server chii kwakakosha pakuvandudza, kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa webhusaiti. Kuziva basa rayo uye kushanda kunoita kuti iwe ugadzirise matambudziko ehunyanzvi uye kugadzirisa mashandiro esaiti. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti uzvizive iwe neakakosha mazano uye misimboti yewebhu maseva kuti uve nechokwadi chekushanda uye nekubudirira kushanda kwemawebhusaiti.

Muchidimbu, sevha yewebhu ndiyo moyo wekutaurirana kwese online. Kuita semurevereri pakati pemushandisi uye zvirimo, maseva ewebhu anoita basa rakakosha mukuunza uye kugadzirisa zvikumbiro zvevatengi. Nekushandisa zvakajairwa kutaurirana mapuroteni akadai seHTTP, vanova nechokwadi chekuti data rinofambiswa zvakachengeteka uye nemazvo. Nemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzesarudzo dziripo, kubva kune yakatsaurirwa mawebhu maseva kusvika kune chaiwo maseva uye mugore, masangano anogona kusarudza mhinduro inonyatsoenderana nezvavanoda. Uyezve, nekufambira mberi nekukurumidza kwehunyanzvi, mashandiro uye kugona kwemawebhu maseva anotarisirwa kuramba achivandudza mune ramangwana, achiunza yakanyanya kusimba kuita uye yakapfava mushandisi ruzivo. Pakupedzisira, kunzwisisa kuti web server inoshanda sei kwakakosha kune avo vanobatanidzwa mukugadzira nekuchengetedza mawebhusaiti, sezvo ichipa hwaro pakavakirwa masevhisi edhijitari uye kuendeswa.