Maitiro Ekuvhara Folder

Munyika yanhasi yedhijitari, kuchengetedzeka kwemafaira edu nemaforodha kwakakosha zvakanyanya. Nekuwedzera kuri kuita kutyisidzira kwe cyber, zvakakosha kutora matanho ekuchengetedza ruzivo rwedu rwakavanzika. Nzira inoshanda yekuona kuvanzika kwemafaira edu kuburikidza neforodha encryption. Muchinyorwa chino, isu tichaongorora maitiro ekuvharisa dhairekitori tekinoroji, tichipa vaverengi vedu ruzivo rwakakosha kusimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwe. ruzivo rwako uye dzivisa kubuda kunobvira. Kana iwe uchida kudzidza zvakawanda nezvenyaya iyi, ramba uchiverenga uye uone nzira yaunokwanisa kuchengetedza ruzivo rwako nemazvo uye nekuvimbika.

1. Nhanganyaya kune Folder Encryption: Chii uye nei ichikosha?

Folder encryption inzira yekuchengetedza inoshandiswa kuchengetedza ruzivo rwakavanzika pakombiyuta. Inosanganisira kushandura mafaera nemaforodha kuita data risingaverengeke kune chero munhu asina kiyi yedecryption yakakodzera. Kukosha kweforodha encryption ndeyekuti inopa imwe nhanho yedziviriro kubva kusingatenderwe kuwana uye kuvuza kwe data rakadzama.

Pane zvikonzero zvakati nei folda encryption yakakosha mumunda wekuchengetedza komputa. Kutanga, inodzivirira vanhu vasina mvumo kubva pakuwana mafaera akadzivirirwa uye maforodha, kunyangwe kana vakakwanisa kuwana mukana wepanyama pakombuta. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kune avo vanotakura midziyo inotakurika, senge laptops kana USB madhiraivha.

Kechipiri, folda encryption yakakosha kuchengetedza kuvanzika kweruzivo rwakachengetwa mugore. Vanhu vazhinji nemakambani vanoshandisa masevhisi ekuchengetera zvinhu mugore kuchengetedza magwaro ako akakosha uye mafaera. Pasina encryption, iyi data inogona kuoneswa mukutyorwa kwekuchengetedza uye kuba ruzivo. Nekuvharidzira maforodha usati waaisa kune gore, unoita shuwa kuti vanhu vane mvumo chete vanogona kuwana iwo mafaera.

2. Mhando dzeforodha encryption: Symmetric vs Asymmetric

Kune mhando mbiri huru dzeforodha encryption: symmetric uye asymmetric. Nzira mbiri idzi dzinoshandiswa kuchengetedza ruzivo rwakadzama rwakachengetwa mumaforodha pamudziyo. Sarudzo pakati peidzi nzira zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza uye zvinodiwa zvemushandisi wega wega.

Symmetric encryption inosanganisira kushandiswa kwekiyi yakasarudzika encrypt uye decrypt ruzivo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kiyi imwe chete inoshandiswa kuchengetedza uye kusadzivirira iyo encrypted folda. Iyi nzira iri nyore uye nekukurumidza sezvo inoshandisa mashoma system zviwanikwa. Nekudaro, chimwe chakashata ndechekuti kana mumwe munhu akawana kiyi, vanogona kudhiripta ruzivo rwese muforodha yakavharidzirwa.

Kune rimwe divi, asymmetric encryption inoshandisa makiyi maviri akasiyana ekunyorera uye decryption: kiyi yeruzhinji uye yakavanzika kiyi. Kiyi yeruzhinji inoshandiswa kuvharidzira ruzivo uye chete kiyi yakavanzika inowirirana ndiyo inogona kuibvisa. Iyi nzira inopa chengetedzo yakakura nekuti kunyangwe munhu akawana kiyi yeruzhinji, haakwanise kudhirodha ruzivo pasina kiyi yakavanzika. Nekudaro, asymmetric encryption yakanyanya kuoma uye inoda zvimwe zviwanikwa zvemakomputa kuti zvishande. zvinobudirira.

3. Zvishandiso zvinokurudzirwa uye software yekuvharira folda

Parizvino, kune akasiyana uye anovimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwemafaira edu. Pazasi pane mamwe anoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye akavimbika sarudzo munzvimbo yekunyorera:

– VeraCrypt: Iyo yemahara uye yakavhurika sosi chishandiso chinopa yakakwira mwero wekuchengetedza mu encrypting maforodha uye mafaera. Inopa akasiyana encryption algorithms uye inobvumidza iwe kugadzira encrypted virtual disks. Mukuwedzera, ine sarudzo yekuvanza mafaira uye maforodha, ichipa imwe nhanho yekudzivirira.

– BitLocker: Iyi software, yakagadziridzwa neMicrosoft, inowanikwa muPro uye Enterprise shanduro dze sisitimu yekushandisa Windows. Inopa yakasimba uye iri nyore kushandisa encryption, ichikubvumidza iwe kuchengetedza ese ari ega maforodha uye ese disks. Uye zvakare, inotsigira kushandiswa kweTPM (Trusted Platform Module) kuwedzera encryption chengetedzo.

4. Matanho ekugadzira encrypted forodha uchishandisa encryption chirongwa

Kugadzira iyo encrypted folda uchishandisa encryption chirongwa, iwe unozofanirwa kutanga wasarudza yakavimbika chirongwa chinokodzera zvaunoda. Pane dzakasiyana sarudzo dziripo pamusika, dzakadai seVeraCrypt, AxCrypt, uye BitLocker, pakati pevamwe. Iva nechokwadi chekuverenga wongororo uye kuenzanisa zvikamu zvepurogiramu yega yega usati waita sarudzo.

Kana uchinge wasarudza iyo encryption chirongwa, iwe unozofanirwa kudhawunirodha uye kuisa software pane chako kifaa. Tevedzera mirairo inopihwa nemutengesi kuti uite kuisirwa nemazvo. Kana ukasangana nematambudziko panguva yekuita, tarisa iyo FAQ chikamu chewebhusaiti kana tsvaga online tutorials kuti uwane rumwe rubatsiro.

Mushure mekuisa iyo purogiramu, ivhure uye tsvaga iyo sarudzo yekugadzira faira nyowani yakavharidzirwa. Nzvimbo yesarudzo iyi inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nesoftware yauri kushandisa, asi kazhinji inowanikwa mumenyu huru kana mune toolbar. Dzvanya iyi sarudzo uye uteedzere zvinokurudzira kuseta zita uye nzvimbo yeiyo encrypted folda. Iva nechokwadi chekusarudza password yakasimba kuchengetedza faira uye kudzivirira kupinda kusina mvumo. Chekupedzisira, sarudza chero sarudzo dzekuwedzera dzaunoda, senge encryption algorithm uye yakakura faira saizi inotenderwa, uye tinya "Gadzira" kupedzisa maitiro.

5. Ungasarudza sei password yakasimba yeiyo encrypted forodha?

Kusarudza password yakasimba yeiyo encrypted folda kwakakosha kuchengetedza mafaira ako uye data rako pachako. Heano mamwe matipi ekusarudza yakasimba, yakaoma-kufungidzira-password:

1. Kureba: Zvinokurudzirwa kuti password yako ive inokwana mavara gumi. Kana yakareba, ndipo painozonyanya kuoma kududzira. Regedza kushandisa mazwi akajairika kana kutevedzana kwenhamba.

2. Musanganiswa wemavara: Inoshandisa musanganiswa wemabhii (yepamusoro uye yakaderera makesi), manhamba, uye akakosha mavara. Iyo yakawanda mhando yemhando yaunosanganisira, iyo password yako ichave yakachengeteka zvakanyanya. Semuyenzaniso, unogona kushandisa musanganiswa wealphanumeric une mavara akakosha se !$%.

3. Dzivisa kugovera ruzivo rwako pachako: Usashandise ruzivo rwako pachako senge zita rako, zuva rekuzvarwa, nhamba yefoni, kana zita remhuka yako yemhuka mupassword yako. Mashoko aya ari nyore kuwana uye anogona kushandiswa kufungidzira password yako. Pane kudaro, shandisa musanganiswa wemabhii nenhamba dzisina hukama newe.

6. Faira uye Subfolder Encryption: Nzira yekuchengetedza zvakakwana iyo encrypted forodha?

Kune akati wandei maturusi uye nzira dzekunyatso chengetedza faira yakavharidzirwa uye chengetedza ese mafaera uye maforodha madiki ari mukati mayo. Matanho anodiwa kuita izvi achatsanangurwa pazasi:

1. Sarudza chishandiso chakavimbika chekunyorera: Imwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya sarudzo ndeye kushandisa faira encryption software, seVeraCrypt kana BitLocker. Zvishandiso izvi zvinokutendera kuti ugadzire folda yakavharidzirwa uye chengetedza mafaera ese uye maforodha madiki mukati maro.

2. Gadzira iyo encrypted folda: Kana chishandiso chekunyorera chasarudzwa, iwe unofanirwa kutevedzera matanho ari muchidzidzo kana gwara rakapihwa nechokushandisa kugadzira iyo encrypted folda. Kazhinji, iwe unozofanirwa kusarudza nzvimbo yekugadzira iyo encrypted folda uye kuseta yakasimba password kuti uwane iyo.

3. Chinja mafaera uye maforodha madiki kune yakavharidzirwa folda: Kana uchinge wagadzira iyo encrypted folda, iwe unozofanirwa kuendesa mafaera uye maforodha madiki aunoda kuchengetedza mairi. Iwe unogona kudhonza uye kudonhedza mafaera zvakananga muiyo encrypted folda kana kushandisa iyo kopi uye unamira sarudzo.

7. Nzira mbiri dzinoshanda dzekunyora faira paWindows operating systems

Kuvharidzira folda muWindows anoshanda masisitimu chiyero chinoshanda chekuchengetedza zvakavanzika ruzivo rwainarwo. Nenzira yakanaka, kune nzira mbiri dzinoshanda dzinokubvumira kuita basa iri nyore nyore.

Nzira yekutanga ndeye kushandisa yakavakirwa-mukati encryption chimiro muWindows. Kuti tiite izvi, tinofanira kutevera matanho anotevera:

• Dzvanya-kurudyi mune iyo folda yaunoda encrypt uye sarudza "Properties".
• Muwindo rezvivakwa, enda ku "General" tab uye tinya bhatani re "Advanced".
• Muhwindo rinotevera, tarisa bhokisi rinoti "Encrypt zvemukati kuchengetedza data" uye tinya "OK."

Kana matanho aya apera, dhairekitori nezviri mukati maro zvichavharwa uye zvinogona kuwanikwa chete nemushandisi akaita encryption.

Nzira yechipiri yekuvharira folda paWindows masisitimu anoshanda ndeye kushandisa yechitatu-bato software. Pane akati wandei maapplication anowanikwa pamusika ayo anopa advanced encryption maficha. Dzimwe dzesarudzo dzakakurumbira dzinosanganisira VeraCrypt, Kiyi Yemaforodha y AxCrypt. Zvishandiso izvi zvinokutendera kuti unyore nyore maforodha nemafaira, uye nekupa dzimwe sarudzo senge mapassword akasimba uye yakakwirira-level encryption algorithms.

8. Matanho encrypt folda paMac OS uchishandisa mufananidzo dhisiki chimiro

Kuvharidzira folda muMac OS uchishandisa dhisiki mufananidzo ficha inopa yakawedzera dhizaini yekuchengetedza kuchengetedza data inonzwisisika. Heano matanho masere ekuita basa iri:

1. Chekutanga, vhura iyo "Disk Utility" app paMac yako Unogona kuiwana mu "Utilities" forodha mukati me "Applications" forodha.

2. Kana purogiramu yacho yakazaruka, sarudza "Faira" kubva mubhari yemenyu uye sarudza "Itsva"> "Disk Image kubva Folder".

3. Sarudza forodha yaunoda encrypt uye baya "Vhura". Iyo folda ichashandurwa kuita dhisiki mufananidzo waunogona encrypt.

4. Muhwindo rinobuda, sarudza nzvimbo yekuchengetedza iyo encrypted disk image. Unogona kuzvichengeta chero paMac yako kana kune yekunze yekuchengetedza mudziyo.

5. Tevere, isa zita reiyo encrypted disk image uye sarudza iyo disk image format. Isu tinokurudzira kushandisa iyo "unencrypted" fomati kuti ienderane.

6. Kuti encrypt mufananidzo dhisiki, sarudza mhando encryption yaunoda kushandisa. Iwe unogona kusarudza pakati pe "128-bit AES" kana "256-bit AES". Sarudza password yakasimba uye ita shuwa kuti unoirangarira.

7. Dzvanya "Chengetedza" uye mufananidzo we diski uchave wakavharidzirwa nemaitiro akasarudzwa. Kuita uku kunogona kutora nguva zvichienderana nekukura kwefolda uye nekumhanya kweMac yako.

8. Kana encryption yapera, unenge uine encrypted disk image yaunogona kukwira nekudzikisa sezvinodiwa. Kuti uiise, ingodzvanya kaviri faira redhisiki uye upe password. Kuti uiburutse, dhonza mufananidzo wedhisiki wakaiswa kumarara kana shandisa sarudzo yekubvisa muDisk Utility sidebar.

Kunyora faira uchishandisa dhisiki basa mufananidzo paMac OS iri nyore uye inoshanda maitiro ekuchengetedza data rako. Rangarira kushandisa password yakasimba uye chengeta munzvimbo yakachengetedzeka. Zvakare, cherechedza kuti kana mufananidzo wedhisiki wavharirwa, haugone kuwana zviri mukati pasina kupa iyo password password. Ita shuwa kuti unoirangarira kuti udzivise kurasikirwa nedata rako!

9. Folder encryption muLinux: Nhanho-ne-nhanho gwara rekuchengetedza mafaera ako anonzwisa tsitsi

sudo apt-get install gnupg

gpg --gen-key

gpg --encrypt --recipient [email protected] nombre-de-la-carpeta

10. Kugovana sei encrypted folda zvakachengeteka nevamwe vashandisi

11. Kukosha kweBacking Up Encrypted Folders: Precautions uye Best Practices

Mabackups emafolda akavharidzirwa akakosha kuti tive nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye kutendeseka kwedata redu. Encryption inzira yekudzivirira inoshanda, asi inogona zvakare kutakura njodzi muchiitiko chekurasikirwa kana huwori hwemafaira akavharidzirwa. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuve neakagadziridzwa uye akachengetedzwa zvakanaka makopi ekuchengetedza.

Paunenge uchitsigira maforodha akavharidzirwa, mamwe matanho uye maitiro akanaka anofanira kuteverwa. Chekutanga pane zvese, zvakakosha kushandisa maturusi akavimbika uye software inobvumidza iwe kuita backup makopi e nzira yakachengeteka uye inoshanda. Zvinokurudzirwa kuongorora uye kuongorora sarudzo dzakasiyana dziripo pamusika kuti tiwane iyo inonyatsoenderana nezvido zvedu.

Chimwe chinhu chekufunga nezvacho frequency iyo backups inogadzirwa. Zvinokurudzirwa kumisa muitiro wenguva dzose wekutsigira maforodha akavharidzirwa kuitira kuti data ichangoburwa inogona kudzoserwa kana zviitiko. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinokurudzirwa kuchengetedza makopi ekuchengetedza pamidziyo yekunze kana mumasevhisi ekuchengetedza makore, nguva dzose uchitevera maitiro ekuchengetedza akanakisa.

12. Zvemutemo nepolicy zvinotariswa kana encrypting forodha

Paunenge uchivharidzira folda, zvakakosha kuti uchengete zvimwe zvemutemo uye zvemitemo mundangariro. Izvi zvinotariswa zvine chekuita nekuchengetedza data, kuvanzika, uye mirau inogona kushanda. Pazasi pane mamwe mazano ekuchengeta mupfungwa:

1. Kutevedzera mitemo: Usati wavharidzira folda, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti unoenderana nemitemo nemirairo inoshanda. Dzimwe nyika dzine zvirambidzo pakushandiswa uye kutumira kunze kwemidziyo yekunyorera. Tarisa mitemo yemunharaunda uye iva nechokwadi chokuti unoiteerera kuti udzivise matambudziko emutemo.

2. Mvumo yakakodzera: Kana uri encrypting folda munzvimbo yemakambani kana yehurumende, ita shuwa kuti une mvumo yakakodzera yekudaro. Sangano rako rinogona kunge riine marongero chaiwo ane chekuita nekushandiswa kwematurusi ekunyorera uye kuchengetedzwa kwe data rakadzama. Tarisa nevatungamiriri vako veIT kana dhipatimendi rezvemitemo kuti uwane mvumo yakakodzera.

3. Key Management: Kana uchivharidzira folda, zvakakosha kuve neakasimba kiyi manejimendi zano. Makiyi ekunyorera akakosha kuti uwane data rakavharidzirwa, saka dzinoda kuchengetedzwa zvakakodzera. Shandisa mhinduro yakavimbika yekuchengetedza uye kubata makiyi, uye ive shuwa yekumisikidza yakasimba kiyi dziviriro uye yekuwana marongero.

13. Chii chaunofanira kuita kana ukakanganwa pasiwedhi yeforodha yakavharidzirwa?

Tevedza nhanho idzi kuti uwanezve mukana kune yakavharidzirwa folda kana ukakanganwa password yako:

1. Chekutanga, edza kurangarira kana wakamboshandisa chero mapassword kana mapatani aungave wakamboshandisa. Tarisa zvakare kana wakazvinyora pasi kumwe kwakachengeteka.
2. Kana iwe usingakwanise kuyeuka password, unogona kuedza kushandisa nyanzvi yekudzoreredza password software. Pane maturusi anowanikwa online anogona kuongorora chimiro uye mafaera eiyo encrypted folda kuyedza kuibvisa. Ita shuwa kuti unodhawunirodha maturusi aya kubva kune akavimbika masosi uye ita tsvakiridzo yako kare kuti udzivise kurodha software yakaipa.
3. Kana zvese zviri pamusoro apa zvatadza, ungangoda kutendeukira kune nyanzvi yekudzoreredza data masevhisi. Aya masevhisi ane ruzivo mukudzoreredza data uye anogona kushandisa nzira dzakasarudzika kuwana iyo encrypted folda. Ndokumbira utarise kuti masevhisi aya anogona kudhura uye haagare achivimbisa kubudirira kudzoreredza password.

Gara uchiyeuka kuve ne backup yemafaira ako akakosha kudzivirira mamiriro akaoma seizvi. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa mapassword akasimba uye akasiyana kune yega encrypted folda, izvo zvinoderedza njodzi yekukanganwa mapassword.

14. Nzira yekubvisa sei folda: Maitiro uye matanho ekutarisisa

Kuve neiyo encrypted folda inogona kuve yakakodzera kuchengetedza chiyero chekudzivirira mafaera anonzwisisika pakombuta yako. Nekudaro, panogona kuve nemamiriro ezvinhu apo iwe unofanirwa kuwana iyo folda uye kuibvisa. Muchinyorwa chino, tinokuratidza nhanho-ne-nhanho maitiro ekubvisa dhairekitori uye matanho ekuzvidzivirira aunofanirwa kufunga nezvawo.

1. Ita gadziriro yefaira yakavharidzirwa: Usati watora chero chiito chekuvhara faira, zvakakosha kuita kopi yekuchengetedza mafaira ose arimo. Nenzira iyi, kana chimwe chinhu chikatadza panguva yekutsikisa, unenge uchine kopi yakachengeteka yemafaira ako ekutanga.

2. Shandisa yakavimbika decryption software: Pane akasiyana software maturusi anowanikwa pamusika anokubvumira kuti decrypt folders. Ita tsvagiridzo yako uye sarudza imwe yakavimbika uye yakachengeteka. Dzimwe sarudzo dzakakurumbira dzinosanganisira AxCrypt, VeraCrypt, uye GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG).

3. Tevedza mirairo yesoftware zvakanyatsonaka: Chirongwa chega chega chedecryption chichava neyayo seti yemirairo nematanho ekutevera. Ita shuwa kuti wanyatsoverenga zvinyorwa zvakapihwa uye uteedzere matanho chaiwo. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuisa iyo chaiyo encryption password uye kusarudza nzvimbo yekuchengetedza mafaira akavharwa.

Rangarira kuti kubvisa dhairekitori kunogona kuve nenjodzi, kunyanya kana ukasateedzera chenjedzo. Ita shuwa kuti une backup yemafaira ako usati watora chero chiito, shandisa yakavimbika decryption software, uye tevera mirairo nemazvo. Nekuchenjerera uye kushivirira, unogona kubudirira kudhirodha folda yako uye kuwana mafaera ako!

Muchidimbu, encryption yeforodha ndiyo yakakosha nhanho yekuchengetedza kuchengetedza ruzivo uye rwakavanzika ruzivo rwatinochengeta pamidziyo yedu. Kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwecryptographic algorithms uye encryption kiyi, tinogona kuona kuti vanhu vane mvumo chete ndivo vanogona kuwana yakataurwa folda.

Muchikamu chino, takaongorora nhanho nhanho maitiro ekunyorera folda mumasisitimu akasiyana masisitimu anoshanda, kubva kuWindows uye macOS kuenda kuLinux. Chikuva chega chega chinopa maturusi akasiyana siyana uye nzira, asi iwo ese anogovana chinangwa chakafanana chekuchengetedza ruzivo rwedu.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti encrypting folda haisi yehupenzi maitiro, sezvo kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kuri kuramba kuchiitika uye ma cybercriminals anoramba achienderana. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti tichengetedze makiyi edu ekunyorera akachengeteka uye achigadziridzwa nguva nenguva.

Isu tinogara tichikurudzira kushandisa mamwe matanho ekuchengetedza, senge mapassword akasimba uye kushandisa yakavimbika chengetedzo software kuzadzisa encryption yemaforodha edu. Pamusoro pezvo, zvakakosha kuti tizive nezve yazvino kuchengetedza maitiro uye zvigadziriso kune inoshanda sisitimu yatinoshandisa.

Kuvharidzira folda chishandiso chine simba chekuchengetedza ruzivo rwedu rwakavanzika, kungave padanho remunhu kana rebhizinesi. Nekuita maitiro aya, tinogona kuvimbiswa kuti mafaera edu akakosha uye epachivande akachengeteka kubva pameso asingadiwe.

Tinovimba kuti chinyorwa ichi chave chichibatsira uye kuti unogona kutanga kuvharidzira maforodha ako. nzira inoshanda uye akachengeteka. Rangarira, chengetedzo yedata rako iri mumaoko ako uye encryption ndiyo imwe yembiru dzakakosha kuti uzviite.

Sebastian Vidal

Ini ndiri Sebastián Vidal, injiniya wekombuta anofarira nezve tekinoroji uye DIY. Uyezve, ndini musiki we tecnobits.com, kwandinogovera zvidzidzo kuti tekinoroji iwanikwe uye inonzwisisika kumunhu wese.