Kuburitsa zvekare zvekare: Maitiro ekuita kuti ashande zviri pamutemo uye zvakatsiga paPC yemazuva ano

. CMaitiro ekumhanyisa mitambo kubva 2000-2010 paPC yemazuva ano? Nostalgia ine simba rakakura: kungoyeuka iyo RPG, shooter, kana graphic adventure kubva paudiki hwako inoita kuti ude kuidzosera izvozvi. Dambudziko rinomuka kana iro zita rekupedzisira 90s kana kutanga 2000s rasangana neWindows yemazuvano uye yafunga kusabhowa, kuratidza yakaora magirafu, kana kunzwika serobhoti rakatsamwa. Nenzira shoma uye maturusi akakodzera, zvakanaka-tune classics paPC yemazuva ano Haisi kungogoneka chete, asi yakasununguka uye yakagadzikana.

Mugwaro rino rakazara, iwe unowana zvese zvaunoda kuti udzokere kumitambo zviri pamutemo uye nekupokana kudiki. Isu tinovhara zvese kubva nekukurumidza kuenderana kugadzirisa kune magiraidhi wrappers, emulation, chaiwo muchina, uye hardware kurudziro. Tichapindurawo mibvunzo yakajairika senge zviri nani kushandisa yakatsaurirwa retro rig, VM ine Windows 98/XP, kana Raspberry Pi-senge system inomhanya RetroPie. Pfungwa yacho ndeyekukusiya uine gwara rakajeka. kudzosa mitambo yako kubva 1995-2010 kuhupenyu hapana drama.

Sei ma classics akawanda asingashande pakutanga

Iyo tekinoroji kusvetuka kubva kuDOS, Windows 95/98, kana kunyange XP kuenda Windows 10/11 yakakura. Mazita mazhinji akarongwa aine 16- kana 32-bit masisitimu uye echinyakare APIs mupfungwa, saka nhasi vanosangana nekuchinja kwekuchengetedza, vatyairi, uye nguva yavasina kufunga. Misiyano yekurangarira manejimendi uye API mafoni zvinoreva izvozvo zvimwe zvidimbu zvakakosha (sekare DirectX) vanoshaya kana kuita zvakasiyana.

Hardware yachinja zvakare. Makadhi akaita se3dfx ane Glide kana maGPU kubva kuDirectX 6-8 era aive nemafambiro chaiwo asipo akadaro mumakadhi emazuva ano emifananidzo. Wedzera mu4: 3 monitors uye yakaderera resolution inopesana neanhasi 1080p/4K widescreen mapaneru, kukakavara pakati pezviyero nekuyera Zvinopihwa. Uye chenjera nekumhanya: kune mitambo inotsamira pane chaiyo CPU kutenderera uye inomhanya zvakanyanya pamakomputa azvino.

Imwe nyaya inonetsa ndeye legacy DRM (SafeDisc, SecuROM). Mazhinji eaya madhiraivha ekernel-level akaremara nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza mushanduro dzichangoburwa dzeWindows, uye nekudaro, ekutanga executables anogona kuramba kutangaIchi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero nei e-commerce yemazuva ano inoburitswa ichiwanzo gadzirisa iyo bhinari uye inotsamira pasuru kuti zvese zvifambe zvakanaka.

Tanga nezvinhu zviri nyore: kugadzirisa nekukurumidza kuenderana

Usati wanyura mune nitty-gritty, zvakakodzera kuyedza iyo yakapfava sisitimu tweaks. Zvinoshamisa kuti ingani nyaya idzi dzinogadzirisa, saka tanga neshort cut uye kungosvetukira kumhinduro dzepamberi kana zvichidikanwa.

Edza kumhanyisa mutambo semaneja. Vamwe vakura vanoisa uye vanovhura vanoda mvumo yakasimudzwa yekunyora kune nzira nzira kana iyo Registry. Tinya kurudyi uye wapedza: Mhanya semutongiNdiwo “manomano ambuya” uye zvichiri kusimba.

Gonesa Windows Compatibility Mode. Enda kune executable's Properties, Compatibility tab, uye sarudza yakakodzera chimiro (Windows XP SP3, 98/ME, 95). Pano iwe unogona zvakare kugonesa "640x480," "Deredza pendi yemavara," kana "Dzinga yakazara-screen optimization." Aya mabhokisi ekutarisa anogadzirisa dambudziko. Masikirini madema, mavara asinganzwisisike, kana alt-tab kutadza mune dzakawanda classics.

Inoisa ekare DirectX maraibhurari (End-User Runtimes). Mazita mazhinji anotsamira pane zvakati zvidimbu izvo zvisisabatanidzwe nekukasira. Microsoft's redistributable installer inowedzera chaizvo idzo dzakashaikwa DLL, nekudaro kudzivirira zvikanganiso zvakajairwa senge ane mukurumbira d3d9.dll isipo kana kukuvadzwaKana ukaona "Chikanganiso chakanyanya ne d3d9.dll," kuisazve nguva dzekumhanya idzi kazhinji kunoponesa hupenyu.

Gadziridza magiraidhi ako uye madhiraivha anonzwika. Kunyange zvisingagadzirise nyaya dzese, kuva nevatyairi vemazuva ano kunodzivirira kusawirirana uye kunovandudza kugadzikana. Mazuva ano optimizations inotobatsira yekare DirectX mitambo kuzvibata zviri nani muzvikwata zvitsva.

Official uye nharaunda zvigamba. Tsvaga maforamu, PCGamingWiki, uye mod repositori. Zvakajairika kuwana "zvisina pamutemo" zvigamba zvinogadzirisa tsikidzi, wedzera windowsed mode, kugadzirisa kusawirirana, shandura iyo HUD kune yakakura skrini, kana kubatanidza zvinotsamira. Iyi kazhinji ndiyo nzira inokurumidza kuenda siya yekirasi yakagadzirira kutamba in 2025.

Zvishandiso zvakakosha zvekuunza yako classics kuhupenyu

Kana izvo zvekutanga zvisina kukwana, pane software inoshanda zvinoshamisa. Emulators, wrappers, uye zvimisikidzo zvinoshandiswa zvinokutendera kuti udzokorore nharaunda dzenhaka. shandura maAPI akaregwa uye gadzirisa kumhanya kana vhidhiyo chaizvo.

DOSBox: Iyo DOS yemitambo nzvimbo. Iyo inoteedzera PC yakazara ine inogadziriswa ruzha, vhidhiyo, uye nguva. Yakanakira Doom, Monkey Island, Warcraft II, kana chero MS-DOS gem. Nekugadzirisa "matenderedzwa," unogona kurovera kumhanya kwaunotarisira, uye nekumberi-kumagumo seD-Fend Reloaded kana DBGL, manejimendi haina basa. ushamwari zvikuru.

Graphical wrappers: dgVoodoo2, nGlide, uye DxWnd. Aya matunhu anobata Glide kana DirectX 1-8 mafoni uye anoashandura kune azvino maAPI (D3D11, OpenGL). Pamusoro pekuenderana, ivo vanobvumira mafirita, antialiasing, uye tsika sarudzo. NeDxWnd, unogona kumanikidza hwindo, kugadzirisa palettes, uye kuyera kutsetseka uye kutambanudza mumazita ane misoro mikuru.

Zvitoro zvedhijitari zvakatozviita: GOG uye, kusvika padiki, Steam - ona iyo Steam settings guideKuburitswa kwakawanda kunouya kwakafanorongerwa nezvigamba, zvinotsamira, uye tweaks zveWindows yazvino. Ndiyo yakatwasanuka kwazvo "kuisa uye kutamba" nzira, yakanaka kana iwe usingade kunetseka nechiuru chesarudzo. Basa rekuchengetedza nekuchengetedza aya mapuratifomu yakachengetedza akawanda emhando yepamusoro.

PCGamingWiki: Yako inoenderana encyclopedia. Tsvaga mutambo wako uye iwe unowana nharaunda-yakaedzwa mhinduro: vhura paramita, zvigadziriso, panoramic zvigamba, mods, uye maitiro manotsi. Ndiyo nzvimbo yekutanga yaunofanirwa kutarisa kana chimwe chinhu chiri kunetsekana, nekuti inoisa pakati pemakore echiitiko chekubatana.

FPS capping uye CPU kutonga. Kana mutambo "uchibhururuka" nekuti iyo yemazuva ano CPU inokurumidza, kubata iyo furemu chiyero neRivaTuner Statistics Server (RTSS) inobatsira zvakanyanya. Kune mazita echinyakare anovimba nenguva yewachi, kune zvinhu zvekudzikisa mutoro izvo "zvinonoketsa" maitiro, kunyangwe izvi zvisinganyanyi kuwanda nhasi nekuda DOSBox nedzimwe nzira.

Matambudziko chaiwo uye magadzirirwo awo

Kujairira wrinkles, kujairana mhinduro. Kwemakore, nharaunda yakagadziridza mishonga yezvinenge zvese. Heano iwo akajairika kesi uye zvekuita kuti apore. kugadzikana uye chimiro chemufananidzo.

Resolutions uye skrini fomati. Mitambo mizhinji maHUD nemaUI haanzwisise 16:9 kana 21:9. Tarisa "widescreen patches" yezita rako chairo; ivo vanowanzo dzosera iyo interface uye FOV pasina kukanganisa. Kana pasina chigamba, DxWnd kana wrappers se dgVoodoo2 inogona kubatsira. manikidzira mahwindo emodhi kana kuyera kuyera.

Mavara anoshamisa: epepuru, magirini, kana akaora palettes. Kumanikidza 16- kana 32-bit ruvara, kumhanya muhwindo, kana kushandisa DxWnd kunowanzogadzirisa dambudziko. Pamakomputa emazuva ano, iyo "Disable fullscreen optimization" sarudzo muProperty inodzivirirawo izvi. desktop glitches uye pamusoro.

Ruzha rusina kana kukanganiswa. Ita shuwa kuti wakagadziridza vatyairi uye edza kudzima hardware kukwidziridza kana mutambo uchibvumira. Kune mazita akashandisa DirectSound3D/EAX, mhinduro dzakaita seCreative ALchemy mepu iyo mafoni kuOpenAL uye dzorera iyo spatial audio iyo. muWindows yemazuvano yakarasika.

Zvikanganiso ne d3d9.dll uye DirectX dependencies. Kana ukaona meseji inotaura nezve d3d9, d3dx9_XX.dll, kana zvakafanana, dzorera DirectX End-User Runtimes. Yakachengeteka, hainyore DirectX 12 pane yako system, uye inongowedzera maDLL ekare anotarisirwa nemitambo. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, danho iri inogadzirisa kuputsika pakutanga.

Old DRM inodzivirira kutanga. SafeDisc uye SecuROM akaremara nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza mukati Windows 10/11. Zvakanakisa kutenga shanduro dzakagadziridzwa kubva muzvitoro seGOG kana kushandisa zvigamba zvepamutemo zvinotsiva DRM. Dzivisa kushandura zvinotemerwa nepakatsemuka kubva kune zvinokahadzika masosi: mukuwedzera kune nyaya dzemutemo, wedzera njodzi dzekuchengetedza uye kuputsa kuchengetedza.

VM kana chaiyo retro PC? Zvakadini neRaspberry Pi?

Pane nzira dzakawanda dze "kudzokera shure munguva." Iwe unogona kuvaka retro komputa ine vintage Hardware, shandisa chaiwo michina ine yekare Windows, kana kushandisa lightweight emulation-yakatarisana mhinduro seRaspberry Pi. Imwe neimwe nzira ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira, saka Sarudzo yakanaka zvinoenderana nemitambo yako yaunovavarira.

Yakatsaurirwa retro rig. Kana uine Pentium 4 yakarara neRiva TNT2, AGP 6600 GT, uye 256MB-2GB ye RAM, iri kuedza kuidzorera neWindows 98 SE kana XP. Pros: pedyo-yekuzvarwa kuenderana, madhiraivha epakutanga, uye kushoma latency pamazita kubva panguva yayo. Cons: kushandiswa kwesimba, ruzha, kutadza kwecapacitor, madhisiki ekare, uye kugadzirisa. PC yechipiri isina kusimbaPamitambo kubva 1995-2003, chaiyo 98SE/XP inogona kunakidza, kunyanya kana iwe uchida kushandisa CRT.

Virtual michina (VMs) ine 98/XP. Vanopenya kana zvese zvikatadza uye iwe unoda iyo yekutanga OS pasina kunetsekana kwekare Hardware. VirtualBox kana VMware Player inomhanya XP zvakanyatsonaka kune adventures, poindi & tinya, uye 2D. Iyo yakaderera ndeye 3D: kukwidziridzwa kwegiraidhi kunogumira uye kunoenderana ne hypervisor, saka zvinoda Direct3D mazita anogona kumhanya zvisina kunaka. Zvakadaro, se "shanga rekupedzisira" rekuenderana kune yakaoma kuisa, VM kunokubvisa mudambudziko.

VM pane yemazuva ano PC + HDMI kuVGA yeCRT? Inoshanda uye yakanakira kana iyo 3D mutoro wakadzikira uye VGA yako adapta iri yemhando yepamusoro (inoshanda inodiwa, kwete kungonyarara). Iwe uchanakidzwa nayo pa4: 3 CRT isina kubvarura kana kushata kuyera. Kana mutambo uchida 3D ine chaiwo edzedzero, ingangove ipfungwa yakanaka. ichaita zvirinani pane vintage hardware kana nema wrappers mune iyo host OS.

Raspberry Pi uye RetroPie. Zvekutevedzera zvemhando yepamusoro nyaradzo nemitambo yeArcade, yakanaka; yeWindows 98/XP PC mitambo, inyaya yakasiyana. A Pi 5 ine 8GB, M.2 chengetedzo kuburikidza neadapter, uye yakanaka kutonhora inomhanyisa masisitimu anosvika 32/64-bit consoles uye madoko chaizvo, asi iyo Windows PC catalog. zvinoenderana neWaini/Bhokisi86/Bhokisi64 Uye hazvifukidze zvinhu zvose nekutendeka kumwe chete. Seye retro imba yekunyaradza, kukosha kwemari isingarondeke.

POE + kana yenguva dzose magetsi paPi? Kune chiteshi chemitambo, iyo yakapusa sarudzo ndeye yepamutemo USB-C magetsi emagetsi ane yakakwana ikozvino. POE + ine musoro kana iwe uchizoisungirira kuseri kwekutarisa kwako uye uchida. wiring yakachena kubva pane switchChero zvazvingava, koshesa kugadzikana kwemagetsi: spikes kana madonhwe anokonzera kubondera uye akashatiswa SD makadhi.

Fomu chinhu uye zvinodzora. Chassis diki ine kuyerera kwemhepo yakanakira iyo Pi kana retro mini PC. Kana zviri zvekutonga, Xbox-style pad ine Bluetooth kana USB-C inoshanda nemazvo nechero chinhu, uye chekare PC vibe. kiibhodhi/mbeva yakasununguka zvakakosha. Kana iwe uchivavarira CRT, wedzera inoyevedza inoshanda HDMI-kune-VGA adapta kuti udzivise ghosting uye mavara ekuzora.

Display, peripherals uye CRT kumisikidzwa

CRT monitors yaive 4:3 uye yaiwanzoshanda pazasi 1024x768. Kuzvibatanidza nhasi kunoda mhando inoshanda HDMI-to-VGA adapters uye kushivirira nenguva. Kana kuvimbika chiri chinangwa chako, CRT yakanyatsogadziriswa ine kuyera kwakachena inokupa mhedzisiro yakanaka. mufananidzo waitarisirwa nemutambo maona. Dzivisa kudzokorora chiratidzo kuburikidza nevazhinji vashanduri.

Pane maLCDs emazuva ano, edza kuchengetedza chimiro chechiyero. Dzima "full screen scaling" mumutyairi uye sarudza "chengetedza chikamu ratio" kudzivirira kutambanudza. Panoramic nharaunda zvigamba zvinodzoreredza iyo HUD uye munda wekuona, izvo zvinoita ridza na16:9 kana 21:9 kufadza pasina kukanganisa unyanzvi hwepakutanga.

Kuti uderedze lag yekupinda, dzima TV post-processing ("mutambo modhi") uye, kana ukashandisa wrappers senge dgVoodoo2, dzikamisa iyo FPS kune yepaneru yemhando furemu chiyero neRTSS. Nenzira iyi unodzivirira microstuttering uye kuchengetedza kuwiriranisa pakati peinjini uye skrini.

Nzira inoshanda: kubva kukurumidza kugadzirisa kusvika kununura kwakadzika

Nepo zita rega rega rakasiyana, pane kurongeka kuno chengetedza nguva. Tanga nekutarisa zvigamba zvepamutemo uye zvinyorwa paPCGamingWiki, kushandisa Windows kuenderana, uye nekuisa ekare DirectX zvinoenderana. Kana ikasatanga kana kutaridzika zvakaipa, famba kune wrappers uye DxWndUchiri kumukira? Funga nezveVM (ye2D adventures) kana tenga iyo yazvino edition paGOG.

Yemitambo yeMS-DOS, enda wakananga kuDOSBox ine kumberi-kumagumo kana iwe usinganzwe senge kugadzirisa configs. Gadzirisa "matenderedzwa" kusvika kumhanya kwemutambo kunzwika sechisikigo, gonesa AdLib/SB odhiyo inotsigirwa nemusoro, uye chengetedza chimiro. Kana wangova nazvo, hauchafanira kuibata zvakare.

Kana dambudziko rave rekare DRM, tungamira zviri pamutemo DRM-isina shanduro kana zviri pamutemo kutsiva. Dzivisa kuraira kwekubira kana kunyengera kwezvinoitwa zvisingazivikanwe kwakabva. Nzira yepamutemo haingove yakachengeteka chete, asiwo inovimbisa inogadziridza uye rutsigiro rwenharaunda.

Kugadzikana, kuchengetedza uye matipi emutemo

Gadzira makopi ekuchengetedza ekuisa, DOSBox profiles, DxWnd/dgVoodoo2 masisitimu, uye chengetedza. Iyo yakapfava ZIP faira pamutambo inosevha iwe maawa paunenge uchiisazve kana kushandura maPC. Sezvo iwe uchigona kirasi, nyora maitiro muTXT faira pamwe neforodha yayo: Ramangwana uchakutendai naro. Unogona zvakare kushandisa DMS software yekuchengetedza zvinyorwa.

Shandisa antivirus uye pfungwa. Dhawunirodha zvigamba uye mods chete kubva kunzvimbo dzine mukurumbira (PCGamingWiki, maforamu epamutemo, anozivikanwa repos). Kana chimwe chinhu chichida kudzima antivirus kuti ishande, nyumwira. Zviri nani kupedza maminetsi mashanu uchisimbisa kwakabva pane kurodha chigamba. zviwanire kusafara.

Remekedza mutemo. Unogona kuisa uye kutamba makopi ako, asi dzivisa kugovera madhisiki emifananidzo kana mabhanari akagadziridzwa. Kana zvinyorwa zvepamutemo zvinogadzirisa kuenderana zviripo, funga kuzvitenga: unotsigira kuchengetedza uye kuwana plug uye chiitiko chekutamba izvo zvinokuchengetedza kutemwa nemusoro.

Rangarira kuti mimwe mitambo inowira murudo nevintage hardware. Kana iwe uine 98/XP PC ine makadhi seRiva TNT2 kana GeForce AGP uye CRT, funga kuitsaurira kunguva ya1997-2003. Kune mamwe, maPC emazuva ano ane wrappers, pamwe neVM yemakesi akanyanya, vhara rig. huwandu hwakawanda hwezviitiko.

Mibvunzo yaungave uchizvibvunza

Zvakakodzera here kumisikidza VM neWindows 98/XP kana ini ndatova nePC yemazuva ano? Ehe, kana kugadzirisa kuenderana kusina kukwana uye mutambo uri 2D kana undemanding 3D mutambo. Kune inorema 3D kana quirky DirectX mitambo, iwe unowana zvirinani mhedzisiro nedgVoodoo2/nGlide pane iyo host system kana chaiyo retro muchina. VM ndiyo yako inodzorwa "yekupedzisira sarudzo".

Ndinogona here kutamba "chero" retro mutambo neRaspberry Pi? Pane zvechinyakare consoles uye arcades, zvinoita hongu. PaWindows PCs, kufukidzwa kwacho kushoma uye kunoenderana nematanho akaita seWaini paARM. Kana kutarisa kwako kuri pakushanya, DOS, uye kunyaradza kusvika kuPS2-lite era, iyo Pi inopenya. Kune DirectX 8-9 vanopfura kana simulators kubva 2000-2010, PC yemazuva ano ine wrappers yakanaka kwazvo. zvichava zvakavimbika.

Iyo HDMI kune VGA adapta yeCRT? Hongu, asi inofanira kunge iri kushanda uye yepamusoro-soro. Seta zvigadziriso zvinoenderana neCRT (640x480, 800x600, 1024x768) uye rega kuputira kana mutyairi achengetedze chikamu. Dzivisa cheni dzeadapter uye chengetedza chiratidzo cheanalog kudzivirira kuunza jitter.

Ndinoita sei neiyo "retro fever" inondisundidzira kumutsa matombo asingagoneki? Methodically. Tanga nezvakaedzwa uye zvechokwadi (PCGamingWiki), wedzera maraibhurari ekare eDirectX, kuenderana kwebvunzo, uye wobva waenda kune wrappers, DOSBox, kana VMs. Kana kusunungurwa kwemazuva ano kuripo, funga nezvazvo. Iyo inzira yakasimbiswa yekuunza "iyo chaiyo yekare mutambo kuPC yemazuva ano." kurova zvakare pasina kushungurudzika.

Kurumidza kutarisa nemaprofile

Kune avo vanobva kuPC yevintage: chengeta yako 98SE/XP yemabasa anonyanya kudiwa uye shandisa PC yemazuva ano ine wrappers kwese. A CRT ine yakanaka HDMI-VGA tsigiro ndeyekuwedzera. Chengetedza madhiraivha eruzha/vhidhiyo e9x/XP uye chengetedza. makopi evagadziri vako.

Kune avo vanongove nePC yemazuva ano: isa DirectX End-User Runtimes, dzidza izvo zvekutanga zve dgVoodoo2/DxWnd, shandisa RTSS kudzikamisa furemu chiyero, uye tarisa iyo PCGamingWiki yezita rega rega. Izvo zvinogadzirisa 80-90% yematambudziko. zvinogadziriswa nokukurumidzaKana mutambo uri wekupwanya ice, edza VM.

Kune avo vanoda "retro console" yeimba yekutandarira: Raspberry Pi 5 ine yakanaka magetsi, kukurumidza kuchengetedza, uye Xbox-maitiro pad inopa ruzivo rwakakura rwekunyaradza uye arcades. Kune yemhando yepamusoro Windows PC, zadzisa iyo ine huremu x86 miniPC: ndizvozvo. zvose consoles uye PC mitambo hapana kutemwa nemusoro.

Kuita kuti classics yako ikwire uye ichimhanya musanganiswa wehunyanzvi hwekuchera matongo, shungu, uye pfungwa. Nezviwanikwa zvemazuva ano, kubva muzvitoro zvatova nezvose zvakafanogadzirwa kusvika kuwikis izvo zvinonyora snag yega yega, yezuro "haizotanga" inova yanhasi "inoshanda zvakanaka." Uye kunzwa ikoko kwekuona menyu yemutambo wako waunofarira zvakare, nemimhanzi yayo uye logo, ndeyemashiripiti akachena: spark kubva kare yakabatidzwa nehunyanzvi hwemazuva ano.