Maitiro ekuita Ping paMac

Iwo "ping" murairo chishandiso chakakosha chekugadzirisa matambudziko etiweki mune chero operating system. Kune vashandisi veMac, kuziva mashandisiro nekutora mukana weichi chishandiso kunogona kubatsira zvakanyanya. Muchinyorwa chino, isu tichaongorora maitiro ekuita ping paMac, kubva pakugadziriswa kwekutanga kusvika pakududzira zvawanikwa. Kana iwe uri tekinoroji Mac mushandisi uchitsvaga kuvandudza yako network yekuongorora hunyanzvi, wauya kunzvimbo chaiyo. Verenga kuti udzidze zvese nezve maitiro eping paMac zvakanaka uye inoshanda.

1. Nhanganyaya kuPing Command paMac

Mutemo wePing paMac chishandiso chekuongorora chinokutendera kuti uone kubatana kwetiweki pakati pekombuta yako uye yakasarudzika. Uchishandisa ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) protocol, Ping inotumira data pakiti kune inotarirwa mubati uye inomirira mhinduro kuti ione kana kubatana kwacho kwabudirira. Pazasi isu tichakupa iwe negwara nhanho nhanho pamusoro pekushandisa murairo wePing paMac kugadzirisa nyaya dzekubatanidza.

1. Vhura Terminal paMac yako Unogona kuiwana muApplications > Utilities forodha.

2. Kana wangovhura Terminal, nyora murairo unotevera uchiteverwa neIP address kana zita remunhu waunoda kuimba:

ping [dirección IP o nombre de host]

Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchida ping google.com, murairo unoita seizvi:

ping google.com

3. Dhinda Enter uye murairo wePing uchatanga kutumira data packets kune chinangwa chekugamuchira. Iwe uchaona nhevedzano yemhinduro pazasi pemurairo, ichiratidza huwandu hwemapaketi akatumirwa, akagamuchirwa, uye akarasika, pamwe nenguva inotora kuti paki yega yega iuye nekuenda.

Kana ukaona mhinduro yekuti “Kumbira nguva yekupera” kana kuti “Nzvimbo yekuenda isingasvikiki”, izvi zvinoratidza kuti hapana kubatanidza kune mugamuchiri.

Rangarira kuti murairo wePing unogamuchirawo sarudzo dzakasiyana uye ma modifiers, zvichikutendera kuti uwedzere kugadzirisa maitiro ekuyedza yekubatanidza. Unogona kutarisa zvinyorwa zvePing paMac kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo pane idzi sarudzo. Nekushandisa murairo wePing, uchakwanisa kuziva uye kugadzirisa matambudziko network yekubatanidza paMac yako nekukurumidza uye nemazvo.

2. Basic Ping kugadzirisa paMac

Kuita iyo , isu tinofanira kutanga tavhura iyo Terminal. Unogona kuita izvi nekuenda kuLaunchpad uye kutsvaga Terminal mune Vamwe folda. Kana iwe unogona zvakare kudzvanya Command + Space kuti uvhure Spotlight uye nyora "terminal." Vhura iyo Terminal app nekuiwana mune zvawanikwa uye wagadzirira kuenda.

Kana uchinge wavhura Terminal, nyora murairo unotevera: ping dirección IP o nombre de dominio. Izvi zvichatanga ping kune yakataurwa IP kero kana zita rezita. Iwe uchaona nhevedzano yemhinduro dzinoratidza nguva yekudzoka-kudzoka pakati peMac yako uye yakananga IP kero kana zita rezita.

Pane akati wandei sarudzo dzaunogona kushandisa neiyo ping command paMac Imwe yacho ndeye -c, iyo inokubvumira kuti utaure nhamba yemapakiti aunoda kutumira. Semuenzaniso, kutumira mapaketi mashanu chete, nyora murairo unotevera: ping -c 5 dirección IP o nombre de dominio. Imwe sarudzo inobatsira ndeye -t, iyo inoratidza timestamp pane yega yega ping mhinduro.

3. Mashandisiro ePing command muMac Terminal

4. Mhando dzePing uye mashandiro avo paMac

Mutemo wePing paMac chishandiso chetiweki chinokutendera kuti uone kubatana pakati pemidziyo miviri pane IP network. Uyu murairo unobatsira zvikuru pakuongorora matambudziko etiweki uye kuona kana mudziyo uri kure uripo uye kupindura zvikumbiro zvePing.

Kune marudzi akasiyana ePing uye imwe neimwe ine yayo inoshanda. Pazasi pane mamwe emhando dzakajairika:

• Basic Ping: Inoshandiswa kutarisa kana mudziyo uri kure uripo uye uchipindura zvikumbiro zvePing. Ingo shandisa iyo "ping" yekuraira inoteverwa neiyo IP kero kana zita rezita remudziyo uri kure.
• Ping nguva nenguva: Inokutendera kuti utumire Ping mapaketi kune iri kure mudziyo nguva nenguva. Izvi zvinobatsira pakuongorora kuwanikwa kwemudziyo nekufamba kwenguva.
• Ping ine saizi yepakiti chaiyo: Inokutendera kuti utaure saizi yePing packet. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira pakuyedza kugona kwetiweki kutumira mapaketi makuru.

Kuti ushandise murairo wePing paMac, ingovhura Terminal uye nyora murairo wePing uchiteverwa nesarudzo uye IP kero kana zita rezita remudziyo uri kure. Iwe unogona kuwana rumwe ruzivo uye sarudzo muPing command man peji nekupinda "man ping" muTerminal.

5. Kushandisa sarudzo dzepamusoro nemurairo wePing paMac

Kana iwe uchinge wagona izvo zvekutanga zvePing kuraira paMac yako, unogona kuenda nayo kune inotevera nhanho nekushandisa yepamusoro sarudzo kuti uwedzere kushanda kwayo. Idzi sarudzo dzinokutendera iwe kuti uite mamwe chaiwo bvunzo uye uwane ruzivo rwakadzama nezve kubatana. Pazasi pane dzimwe sarudzo dzepamberi dzaungashandisa:

1. Kushandisa -c sarudzo: Iyo "-c" sarudzo inokutendera kuti utaure nhamba yemapaketi edata aunoda kutumira. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchida kutumira 5 mapaketi chete pachinzvimbo chegumi, unogona kushandisa murairo unotevera:

ping -c 5 dirección IP

2. Activation of verbose mode: Verbose modhi inokupa iwe ruzivo rwakanyanya nezvemhinduro yeserver. Kuti uvhure verbose modhi, shandisa iyo "-v" sarudzo. Muenzaniso unotevera unoratidza maitiro ekuita verbose modhi:

ping -v dirección IP

3. Saizi yedata: Ne "-s" sarudzo, unogona kutsanangura saizi yedata yaunoda kutumira mupaketi yega yega. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira pakuyedza kutamisa kana kutarisa nyaya dzekutsemuka. Heino muenzaniso wekutsanangura saizi yedata ku1000 bytes:

ping -s 1000 dirección IP

6. Common matambudziko apo Pinging pamusoro Mac uye mhinduro dzavo

Kana iwe uri kusangana nenyaya dzeping paMac yako, heano mamwe akajairika mhinduro angangokubatsira iwe kuzvigadzirisa:

1. Tarisa network network: Ita shuwa kuti Mac yako yakabatana nemazvo kunetiweki. Tarisa kuti Wi-Fi yakabatidzwa uye kuti wakabatana kunetiweki yakakodzera. Iwe unogona zvakare kuedza kutangisa router yako kana modem kugadzirisa dzingangoitika nyaya dzekubatanidza.

2. Dzima Firewall: Dzimwe nguva yako Mac Firewall inogona kuvhara ping traffic. Kuti udzime, enda kuSystem Preferences, sarudza "Security & Privacy" uye tinya "Firewall" tab. Tevere, tinya pakiyi kuti uite shanduko uye wozosa tarisa iyo "Vimba masevhisi ese asina kufanira kuti sisitimu ishande" sarudzo.

3. Tarisa zvigadziriso zvenetiweki yako: Ita shuwa kuti Mac yako ine IP kero uye DNS marongero akagadziriswa nemazvo. Enda kuSystem Preferences, sarudza "Network" uye simbisa kuti network zvigadziriso ndezvechokwadi. Iwe unogona kushandisa Mac yako yakavakirwa-mukati yekuongorora maturusi kugadzirisa chero network yekumisikidza nyaya.

7. Maitiro ekududzira Ping zvabuda paMac

Kududzira mhinduro dzePing paMac, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise zvinorehwa neukoshi hwega hwega hwakadzoswa uye kuti ungazvipatsanura sei. Pazasi pane matanho ekutevera:

1. Mhanya murairo wePing muTeminari: Vhura iyo Terminal app paMac yako uye nyora *ping inoteverwa neiyo IP kero kana domain yaunoda ping*. Somuenzaniso, unogona kushandisa murairo ping google.com ping webhusaiti yeGoogle.

2. Ongorora zvawanikwa: Paunenge waita murairo, Terminal ichatanga kutumira data packets kune yakataurwa uye kuratidza nhevedzano yemigumisiro. Hunhu hwakakosha hwekutarisisa zvinosanganisira: iyo nguva yekufamba-famba (RTT) yepakiti yega yega, iyo inoratidza network latency mumamilliseconds, uye muzana yemapaketi akarasika. Kukosha kweRTT yakakwira kana chikamu chepamusoro chemapaketi akarasika anogona kuratidza matambudziko ekubatanidza kana network congestion.

3. Shandisa mamwe maturusi ekunyatsoongorora: Kana iwe uchida kuwana rumwe ruzivo nezve network network, unogona kushandisa mamwe maturusi se *traceroute* kana *pingplotter*. Zvishandiso izvi zvinopa rumwe ruzivo nezve nzira data mapaketi anoteera uye chero matambudziko mapoinzi pane network. Zvishandiso izvi zvinonyanya kubatsira kana uri kusangana nenyaya dzekubatanidza uye uchida kuona kwainobva dambudziko.

8. Alternative maturusi kuti Ping pamusoro Mac

Kana iwe uri kushandisa Mac uye uchida imwe ping chishandiso, iwe uri munzvimbo chaiyo. Kunyangwe iwo murairo wePing uripo paMac terminal, kune dzimwe sarudzo dzekuita bvunzo dzekubatanidza uye kugadzirisa nyaya dzenetiweki. Hedzino dzimwe nzira dzaungafunga nezvadzo:

1. hPing: Ichi chishandiso chepamusoro chinokutendera kuti uite ping bvunzo uye mamwe akawanda etiweki bvunzo. Iwe unogona kudhawunirodha hPing kubva kune yayo yepamutemo webhusaiti uye tevera iyo yekumisikidza mirairo mune zvinyorwa. Kana yangoiswa, unogona kushandisa hPing kuita yakawedzera yepamusoro uye yakasarudzika ping bvunzo.

2. Netool: Netool imwe yakakurumbira sarudzo yekuyedza yekubatanidza pane mac. Inopa intuitive uye iri nyore kushandisa graphical interface yekuita ping bvunzo uye mamwe maedzo etiweki. Iwe unogona kudhawunirodha Netool kubva kune yayo yepamutemo webhusaiti uye tevera iyo yekumisikidza mirairo. NeNetool, unogona kuita ping bvunzo neyakajairwa sarudzo uye kuwana yakadzama mhinduro nekukurumidza uye nyore.

9. Zvakanakira Ping paMac kune network kuongororwa

Ping chishandiso chakakosha chekuongorora uye kugadzirisa matambudziko etiweki paMac yako Pazasi, isu tinokuratidza mabhenefiti eping uye mashandisirwo ayo. zvinobudirira.

1. Kuzivikanwa kwezvinetso zvekubatanidza: Ping inokubvumira kuti uone kubatana pakati peMac yako ne zvimwe zvinoshandiswa pane network. Nekutumira data packets uye kugamuchira mhinduro, unogona kuona kana pane kwakakodzera kubatana kana kana paine kurasikirwa kwepaketi. Izvi zvinonyanya kubatsira pakuona latency kana yekubatanidza kurasikirwa nyaya.

2. Kuongorora marongero etiweki: Uchishandisa ping, unogona zvakare kusimbisa zvigadziriso zvetiweki paMac yako Nekuyedza kubatana neiyo IP kero, unogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti Mac yako yakanyatso gadziridzwa kuti ibatanidze kune yaunoda network.

3. Kugadzirisa dambudziko pane network: Nekushandisa ping pamwe chete nemimwe mirairo yekuongorora network, unogona kutsvaga uye kuparadzanisa matambudziko mune network network. Semuenzaniso, kana ping ichiratidza kurasikirwa kwepaketi pane imwe router, unogona kuona kuti router ndiyo inokonzera dambudziko uye tora matanho ekugadzirisa.

10. Mazano ekugonesa Ping zvabuda paMac

Kukwirisa mhedzisiro yePing paMac, pane akati wandei zviito zvaunogona kutora. Chekutanga, ita shuwa kuti une Internet yakagadzikana yekubatanidza. Izvi zvakakosha kuti uwane kuyerwa chaiko. Tarisa kune nyaya dzekubatanidza neInternet service provider yako kana netiweki zvishandiso zvauri kushandisa. Kana ukasangana nematambudziko, zvigadzirise usati waenda kune rinotevera nhanho.

Chechipiri, unogona kugadzirisa marongero ePing paMac yako Unogona kuita izvi kuburikidza neiyo Terminal. Vhura Terminal uye nyora "ping" ichiteverwa neIP kero kana URL yekwaunoda kuyedza. Iwe unogona kuwedzera dzimwe sarudzo kumurairo wePing, senge nhamba yemapakiti aunoda kutumira kana kuti kutumira kakawanda. Idzi sarudzo dzinokutendera iwe kuti uwedzere kugadzirisa iyo Ping bvunzo.

Imwe sarudzo yekukwirisa Ping mhinduro ndeye kushandisa yechitatu-bato maturusi. Pane akati wandei maapplication aripo pa mac App Store iyo inokutendera kuti uite yakawedzera uye yakadzama Ping bvunzo. Zvishandiso izvi zvinopa rumwe ruzivo senge avhareji latency, latency variation (jitter), uye kurasikirwa kwepaketi. Unogona kuwana mapurogiramu aya nekutsvaga "Ping" muMac App Store uye kuverenga wongororo kuti uwane iyo yakakodzera pane zvaunoda.

11. Nzira yePing kuburikidza neProxy paMac

Kana iwe uchida ping kuburikidza neproxy paMac, pano ini ndinokudzidzisa maitiro ekuzviita nhanho nhanho. Pinging kuburikidza neproxy inogona kubatsira mumamiriro ezvinhu apo internet yekubatanidza inorambidzwa uye iwe unofanirwa kutarisa kubatana kune mumwe muenzi. Tevera matanho aya:

1. Vhura iyo "terminal" app paMac yako Unogona kuiwana mu "Utilities" folda mu "Applications" folda.
2. Nyora murairo unotevera mune terminal: ping -c 4 [IP kero kana zita remugamuchiri].
3. Kana iwe uchingoda ping kuburikidza neHTTP proxy, wedzera inotevera parameter kune yapfuura rairo: -x [proxy IP kero kana zita rekutambira]:[port]. Iva nechokwadi chekutsiva "[proxy IP kero kana zita rekutambira]" uye "[port]" neproxy IP kero kana zita rekutambira uye chiteshi chinoenderana.

Kana iwe uchida ping kuburikidza neSOCKS proxy, tevera matanho aya:

1. Vhura iyo "terminal" app paMac yako.
2. Nyora murairo unotevera mune terminal: kunze ALL_PROXY=[proxy type]://[proxy IP kero kana zita rekutambira]:[port]. Ita shuwa kutsiva "[proxy type]," “[proxy IP address kana hostname]," uye "[port]" neruzivo rweSOCKS proxy yaunoda kushandisa.
3. Nyora murairo unotevera kune ping: ping -c 4 [IP kero kana zita remugamuchiri].

Rangarira kuti pinging kuburikidza neproxy inogona kukanganisa kukurumidza kwekupindura. Zvakare, ita shuwa kuti une mvumo inodiwa yekuwana uye kushandisa proxy. Kana iwe ukatevera nhanho idzi nemazvo, iwe unozogona kuping kuburikidza neproxy paMac uye tarisa kubatana kune yakasarudzika mugamuchiri.

12. Mhosva dzinoshanda dzekushandisa murairo wePing paMac

Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora mamwe maitiro anoshanda ekushandiswa kwemirairo Ping PaMac Inobatsira zvakanyanya pakuongorora matambudziko etiweki akadai sekurasikirwa kwepaketi kana yakakwira latency.

Heino muenzaniso wekushandisa kesi kwaunogona kushandisa iyo Ping kuraira paMac yako: Ngatiti iwe uri kusangana nenyaya dzekubatanidza newebhu server. Iwe unogona kushandisa iyo Ping kuraira kutarisa kana Mac yako inogona kusvika iyo server uye kuona kana dambudziko riri neyako network network kana pane iri kure server.

Kuti ushandise murairo wePing paMac, tevera matanho aya:

• Vhura Terminal paMac yako Unogona kuiwana mu "Utilities" folda mukati me "Applications" folda.
• Mune Terminal, nyora ping ichiteverwa nekero yeIP kana zita rezita reseva yaunoda kuonesa. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchida kutarisa kubatana neGoogle server, nyora ping www.google.com.
• Dzvanya Enter kiyi uye mirira iyo Ping kuraira kuti iite basa rayo. Iwe uchaona rondedzero yemhinduro inoratidza nguva inotora kuti data packet isvike pa IP kero yakatsanangurwa.

13. Mashandisirwo ePing paMac uchishandisa zvinyorwa

Automating Ping paMac uchishandisa zvinyorwa ndeye nzira inoshanda kutarisa kuwanikwa kwetiweki uye kuona zvinogona kukanganisa kubatana. Nekunyora zvinyorwa, tinokwanisa otomatiki kuita nguva nenguva kwemirairo yeping uye kuwana ruzivo nezve nguva yekupindura uye chimiro chemakomputa pane network.

Nhanho yekutanga yekuita otomatiki ping paMac ndeyekuvhura Terminal, iri muUtilities folda mukati meMaapplication folda. Kana yangovhurwa, tinogona kushandisa Shell scripting mirairo kugadzira script inonongedza kero dzeIP kana mazita emadomasi atinoda kuongorora.

Semuenzaniso, tinogona kushandisa murairo unotevera kuisa kero ye IP:

$ ping 192.168.1.1

Kana tichida ping zita rezita, tinogona kushandisa iyo -c sarudzo inoteverwa nenhamba yemapakiti atinoda kutumira:

$ ping -c 10 google.com

14. Kuvandudzwa kweramangwana kumurairo wePing paMac

Muchikamu chino, tichagadzirisa zvinobvira. Kunyangwe iwo murairo wePing chiri chishandiso chinobatsira chekuongorora network yekubatanidza, kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinogona kuvandudzwa mune ramangwana zvigadziriso kuti ipe chiitiko chinotonyanya kushanda kune vashandisi veMac.

1. Kukurukurirana kukuru muPing marongero: Kuvandudzika kunogona kuva kubvumira vashandisi kugadzirisa zvigadziro zvePing maererano nezvavanoda chaizvo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira sarudzo dzakaita sekugadzirisa nguva pakati pekutumira mapaketi, kuseta nguva yekumirira mhinduro, kana kusarudza saizi yemapakiti anotumirwa.

2. Kubata zviri nani kweakawanda IP kero: Parizvino, Ping paMac inongobvumira kuongororwa kwekubatanidza nekero imwe yeIP panguva. Zvingave zvinobatsira kana akawanda IP kero dzikaiswa senharo dzekuyedzwa panguva imwe chete. Izvi zvaizoita kuti zvive nyore kutarisa uye kuongorora kubatana neakawanda mauto panguva imwe chete.

Muchidimbu, ping paMac chishandiso chakakosha Kune vashandisi avo vanoda kutarisa network yekubatanidza uye kugadzirisa nyaya dzekubatanidza. Kuburikidza neiyo Terminal, vashandisi vanogona kuisa mirairo iri nyore kuita bvunzo uye kuwana yakakosha ruzivo rwekubatanidza. Kungave kuongorora kumhanya kwetiweki, kuona mapaketi akarasika, kana kutarisa kuwanikwa kweseva, ping paMac chishandiso chakavimbika uye chiri nyore kushandisa. Nekugona kugadzirisa ma parameter uye kumhanya bvunzo pane akasiyana IP kero, ping paMac inopa vashandisi kuona kwakazara kwehutano hwetiweki yavo. Saka usazeza kushandisa chishandiso chine simba ichi kuchengetedza network yako ichimhanya zvakanaka!