Maitiro ekunyunyuta kana sevhisi yedhijitari yatadza: fomu, ODR uye nzira yepamutemo

¿Nzira yekunyunyuta sei kana sevhisi yedhijitari yakundikana? Kana sevhisi yedhijitari ikakundikana — kunyoreswa kusingashande, kutumira kusingasviki, kana app isingaite — pane nzira yakajeka yekunyunyuta. MuSpain, kune maturusi anoshanda uye emahara anotendera iwe kuti ude kuti kodzero dzako dzemushandisi dziremekedzwe. Mugwaro iri, ini ndinotsanangura zvakadzama mashandisiro efomu rekunyunyuta, kana European ODR chikuva chakakodzera, uye ndedzipi sarudzo dzemutemo dzaunadzo kana kambani ikasapindura. Chinokosha kuziva nzira uye kudzishandisa nenzira kwayo.

Usati watanga kunyorera kambani, ipfungwa yakanaka kusimbisa kana dambudziko rako richiwira mukati mechikamu chemutemo wevatengi. Zvichemo zvemutengi zvinovhara kutenga zvinhu kana masevhisi ekushandisa pachivande zvakaitwa nemunhu kubva kubhizinesi.Izvo hazvina kukodzera kupokana pakati pevanhu vakazvimirira (semuenzaniso, kutengeswa paWallapop) kana hutsotsi kana hutsotsi, hunofanirwa kuudzwa kumapurisa kana kudare remhosva. Nezvo zvajekeswa, ngatienderere mberi nhanho nenhanho.

Ndirini kunyunyuta kunoonekwa sekunyunyuta kwevatengi?

Haasi mhirizhonga yese yedhijitari igakava revatengi. Kuti zvionekwe sekupokana kwevatengi, panofanirwa kuve nehukama pakati pemutengi nebhizinesi (B2C) uye zvinofanirwa kusanganisira kutenga kana chibvumirano chakaitwa kuti chishandiswe wega. Zvibvumirano pakati pevanhu vakazvimiririra uye mhosva hazvibatanidzwe. (scams, phishing, etc.), ayo anotevera mamwe chiteshi.

Kana nyaya yako iri nyaya yevatengi, une seti yekodzero uye maitiro ekuona kuti kambani inopindura. Aya maitiro akagadzirwa kuti ave akareruka, akasununguka, uye ane mazuva ekupedzisira akajeka.kunyanya kana ukashandisa fomu rekunyunyuta kana kupindirana kwevatengi / kupindirana.

Iyo imwecheteyo dhizaini inoshanda kumasevhisi edhijitari uye mapuratifomu sekutengwa-mu-munhu, nezvimwe zvinhu zvakanangana nenharaunda yepamhepo. Electronic contracting inoshanda zvizere uye inogadzira zvisungo kune ese ari maviri.Naizvozvo, zvinokosha kuchengeta ufakazi.

Matanho pamberi pechero chikumbiro

Tanga nekuunganidza humbowo. Sevha ma invoice, marisiti, skrini, maemail, chats, uye chero humbowo hwekubhadhara kana chibvumirano (ona sei). chengetedza invoice uye waranti). Kunyatso nyora nyaya yacho 50% yekubudirirakunyanya kana ukazoda kurevererwa kana kutora matanho emutemo.

Bata kambani uye bvunza mhinduro. Makambani mazhinji ane maitiro emukati mekubata zvichemo. Nyora zvakajeka, batanidza umboo, uye chengeta kubvuma kwerisiti. kana vimbiso yekuti vagamuchira meseji yako. Kana kambani iine mafomu ekunyunyuta aripo, unogona kuvakumbira: vanofanirwa kuvapa uye kudhinda kopi yako.

Kana ukasatambira mhinduro kana kuti ikasakupwisa, danho rinotevera nderekugadzirisa chichemo chako. Chichemo chakanyorwa zvakanaka chinofanira kusanganisira ruzivo rwako, tsananguro yenguva yezvakaitika, uye mhinduro yauri kukumbira. (semuenzaniso, kugadzirisa, kutsiviwa, kudzosera mari, kana kuzadzikiswa kwesevhisi).

Fomu rekunyunyuta: chii, nguva yekuishandisa uye nzira yekuzadza

Fomu rekunyunyuta ifomu repamutemo iro kambani chero ipi zvayo, kusanganisira iyo inoshanda online, inofanirwa kuve iripo. Haisi mhosva yekunyunyuta, asi inzira yekutonga inomanikidza kambani kupindura. mukati memazuva gumi ebhizinesi, zvinoenderana nemirairo yedunhu.

Ndinoishandisa sei? Ikumbire kuchitoro chepanyama kana kukumbira iyo dhijitari fomati kana zvese zvichitungamirwa online. Zadza ruzivo rwako, tsanangura zviitiko nemazuva, uye batanidza humbowo.Nyatsotaura nezvemhinduro yauri kukumbira (kugadzirisa, kudzosera mari, nezvimwewo).

Mune akawanda echinyakare modhi kune matatu makopi: imwe yeKutonga, imwe yekambani uye imwe yenyu. Tumira iwo anonyorera uye chengeta kopi yako yakadhindwanekuti ihumbowo hwemafambiro emangwana neConsumer Information Office (OMIC) kana nenharaunda yaunozvitonga.

Kana iyo kambani ikasapindura kana mhinduro isingagutsi, unogona kukwidziridza nyaya yacho kusangano rekuchengetedza vatengi. Hofisi yeRuzivo rweVatengi (OMIC) kana bato redunhu richavhura nzira yekuyananisa uye, kana zvichidikanwa, vokurudzira kupindirana..

Tumira fomu rekunyunyuta online

Mazhinji nharaunda dzakazvimiririra dzinokutendera kuti ugadzirise zvaunotaura 100% online. Iwe kazhinji unozoda chitupa chedhijitari, kadhi remagetsi ID (DNIe), kana Cl@ve PIN. Fomu rinokumbira ruzivo rwako, ruzivo rwekambani, nhoroondo yezvakaitika, uye kuisa humbowo..

Mushure mekutumira, sisitimu inogadzira nhamba yefaira yekutevera. Chengetedza risiti yako yekunyoresa uye chero zviziviso kubva kune portal.Izvi zvichabatsira kubvunza mamiriro kana kana iwe ukapa mamwe magwaro.

Zano rinoshanda: Kana kutenga kwaive online uye iwe usina kugamuchira chigadzirwa, batanidza humbowo hwekubhadhara uye kondirakiti kana kurongeka kwekusimbisa. Humbowo hwekutengeserana uye chisungo chekutumira chinosimbisa kuda kwako.

Mune mamwe maportals edunhu, kana kanzuru yako iine Consumer Information Office (OMIC), ivo vanongoendesa nyaya yacho. Iwe uchaziviswa nezve kutamiswa uye hapana chimwe chaunofanira kuita.Mazhinji manejimendi anoshuma kuti chikamu chepamusoro chezvichemo zvinogadziriswa kuburikidza neiyi chiteshi chemahara.

ODR: ipuratifomu yeEurope yekugadzirisa gakava pamhepo

Kana kutenga kwako pamhepo kuri nekambani kubva kune imwe nyika yeEU (kana kana mese iwe nekambani muri muEU, Norway, Iceland, kana Liechtenstein), unogona kushandisa European Union's ODR chikuva. Ndiyo imwe nzira yekugadzirisa gakava rakagadzirirwa kuyambuka muganhu e-commerce..

Maitiro acho ari nyore: unonyoresa kudai, batanidza magwaro, uye chikuva chinochitumira kukambani. Kana kambani ikabvuma maitiro eODR, inofanirwa kusarudza imwe kana kupfuura miviri yeALR mukati memazuva makumi matatu. Iwe uchasarudza imwe yadzo, yekuongorora mareti, chiyero uye maitiro.

Zvakakosha: Kana mukati memazuva makumi matatu usingagamuchire dare rekugadzirisa kana pasina chibvumirano chekuti ndeipi, chikuva hachizogadzirise nyaya yacho. Kana mhedzisiro yapihwa, iwe unogashira chiziviso nechisarudzo.IEuropean Consumer Center inogona kukubatsira panguva yekuita.

Uye zvakare, zvitoro zvepamhepo uye misika zvinodiwa kuti ubatanidze chinongedzo chinooneka kune ODR chikuva. Kana iwe usingazvione pawebhusaiti, unogona kuyeuchidza kambani kana kuisanganisira senharo mukunyunyuta kwako..

Kupindirana kwevatengi uye kupindirana

Kana chibvumirano chakananga nekambani chisingakwanisi kusvika, Consumer Protection Agency inowanzoedza kupindirana. Iyi inzira yekuzvidira, yekukurumidza, uye yemahara inovavarira kusvika pachibvumirano chakaenzana. Kana kuyananisira kukasashanda uye kambani inhengo yeConsumer Arbitration System, unogona kukumbira kutongwa..

Arbitration zvakare yemahara uye yekuzvidira kune ese ari maviri mapato (kunze kwekunge kwakambobvumidzwa kutora chikamu). Bato rekupokana richaongorora nyaya yacho, rigopa humbowo, uye richapa mubairo wakanyorwa. Mubairo uyu unosunga uye unobatika, uye kana wapihwa haugone kuenda kudare pamusoro penyaya imwe chete..

Kuti uzive kana kambani iri nhengo, tarisa webhusaiti yayo kana kubvunza ruzivo rweveruzhinji rweArbitration Boards munharaunda yako. Pazvinenge zvakakodzera, kupindirana kunopa mhinduro yakasimba pasina kudiwa kwemhosva..

Kune zvakare masangano akazvimirira ane macode ekuita, senge Confianza Online. Kana kambani iri nhengo, masangano aya anopa nzira dzepakati. Ivo havatsive iyo Administration, asi vanogona kubatsira kusvika nekukurumidza zvibvumirano..

Nzira yepamutemo: rini uye sei kushandiswa

Kana ukada kumhan'ara kana kusashanda chimwe chezvisarudzo zviri pamusoro, unogona kuenda kumatare akajairika. Pazvichemo zvinosvika zviuru zviviri zveeuro, gweta kana gweta hazvidiwi.iyo inoderedza mari uye inoita kuti zvive nyore kune vatengi kushandisa.

Kana paine chikonzero chakajairika kune vamwe vashandisi, kirasi chiitiko chemhosva chinogona kutariswa. Usati watora danho iri, zvinokurudzirwa kutsvaga mazano kubva kune vezvemutemo munharaunda yako. Gara uchiongorora kana paine kutyora kuri pachena kwechibvumirano uye kana uine humbowo hwakasimba..

Rangarira: kana iwe wakatowana mubairo wekupokana kwevatengi, haugone kuenda kudare kune gakava rimwe chete. Sarudza nzira uchifunga kumhanya, mutengo, uye kuvimbika kwemhinduro.

Kodzero dzakakosha mukutenga online: kubvisa, vimbiso uye kutumira

Nekutenga chinhambwe (internet, runhare), unogona kukanzura kondirakiti pasina kupa chikonzero mukati memazuva gumi nemana ekarenda ekutumira. Unofanira kuzivisa mutengesi; kubva panguva iyoyo, iwe unenge uine mamwe mazuva gumi nemana ekudzorera chigadzirwa. Mutengesi anofanira kukudzosera iwe mukati memazuva gumi nemana ekutaurirana kwako, kunyangwe vangangomirira kusvika vagamuchira chigadzirwa kana humbowo hwekudzoka..

Kana chitoro chisina kukuzivisa zvakanaka nezvekodzero yako yekubvisa, nguva yacho inowedzerwa kusvika kumwedzi gumi nemiviri kubva pazuva rakapera nguva yekutanga. Kana iwe ukaziviswa mukati memwedzi gumi nemiviri iyoyo, unenge uine mazuva gumi nemana kubva pazuva raunowana ruzivo irworwo. Pane kunze kwemutemo wekubvisa, unofanirwa kunge wakaziviswa pachine nguva..

Nezvemitengo yekutumira: kambani inofanirwa kudzosera mari yekutanga yekutumira paunodzima, asi inogona kubhadharisa mari yekutumira yekudzoka kana yakakuzivisa kare. Gara uchitarisa zvirevo uye mamiriro uye chengetedza zvidzitiro zvemutemo wekudzoka..

Guarantees: Pakutenga kutsva kubva 2022 zvichienda mberi, vimbiso yepamutemo makore matatu; kwekutenga kwapfuura, makore maviri, nemamwe manuances. Kana pane kushaikwa kwekuenderana kana kukanganisa kwekugadzira, mutengesi ane basa rekugadzirisa, kutsiva, kana kudzorera.Kodzero dzako dzekunyunyuta uye ruzivo hazvina kudzikiswa nekuti wakatenga online.

Kana odha yako ikasasvika, chitoro chepamhepo chinofanira kusimbisa chibvumirano kana kukupa kubvuma kwekugamuchira. Muchiitiko chekunyepedzera kana kusatenderwa kubhadhara kadhi, unogona kukumbira kudzima nekukurumidza kubva kune anokupa.Zvakakoshawo kuziva njodzi dzakadai se NFC uye kadhi cloningMukutamiswa, kudzoreredza mari kunonyanya kunetsa uye zvingada kuenda kumatare.

Kutenga kwemusika: ndiani ane mhosva uye kuti oenderera sei

Pamapuratifomu akaita seAmazon kana Fnac, mutengesi anogona kunge ari chikuva pachacho kana wechitatu bato. Vanofanira kuratidza zvakajeka kana mutengesi ari bhizinesi kana munhu. Kana ari munhu ari oga, mitemo yevatengi haishandisi nenzira imwechete. uye kodzero dzinogona kusiyana.

Iyi puratifomu inofanirwa kutsanangura kuti zvisungo zvakakamurwa sei pakati pemutengesi nemusika, zvivimbiso zvipi kana inishuwarenzi yainopa, uye nzira dzipi dzekugadzirisa gakava dziripo. Kana paine matambudziko, gara uchibata kuburikidza nemusika nzira dzemukati uye ubhadhare kuburikidza nehurongwa hwavo. kuitira kuti inyorwe uye iwe ugone kubatsirwa nekudzivirirwa kwayo.

Zvimwe zvingasarudzwa: kudyidzana, zviremera, uye zviwanikwa zvinobatsira

Kana ukaona wakamira, unogona kutsvaga rubatsiro kubva kushamwari dzevatengi. Masangano aya anopa mazano, anogadzirisa zvichemo, uye anopa rubatsiro kuburikidza nekugadzirisana kana kunyange chiito chepamutemo (kuve nhengo kunowanzodiwa). Ivo havagone kubvumidza makambani kana kupa mitongo, asi ruzivo rwavo runomhanyisa nyaya dzakawanda.

Iwe unogona zvakare kukwidza chichemo kune vanodzivirira vatengi: padanho renzvimbo (OMIC), dunhu (General Directorates of Consumer Affairs) kana, kana kambani iri kunze kweSpain, kuEuropean Consumer Center (ECC). Aya masangano anopa nhungamiro, kuyananisira, uye, pazvinenge zvakakodzera, shandisa nzira dzekutonga.

Zviwanikwa zveruzhinji zvinofarirwa: Consumer Arbitration Boards, Regional Directorates General, OMIC neCEC. Tarisa mawebhusaiti avo epamutemo kuti uwane nhamba dzenhare, mafomu, uye mepu dzehofisi.

Zvichemo nechikamu: ndiani wekubata mune imwe neimwe kesi

Mamwe masekete ane chaiwo vatongi kana masevhisi ekunyunyuta. Kuzvishandisa kunogadzirisa uye kuronga maitiro. Idzi ndidzo nzvimbo huru zvichienderana nerudzi rwemakakatanwa:

• Mabhangi uye masangano emari: Zvichemo Service yeBhangi reSpain.
• Investments uye securities: National Securities Market Commission (CNMV).
• Inishuwarenzi uye penjeni: Directorate General yeInishuwarenzi uye Pension Funds.
• Telecommunications: Telecommunications User Service Office.
• Zvekufambisa nendege: State Aviation Safety Agency (AESA).
• Maritime transport: miviri inokwanisa mukukanzura uye kunonoka.
• Zvishandiso (magetsi, gasi, mvura): Hofisi yeRuzivo rweVatengi yemuno (OMIC) kana kuti General Directorate yedunhu reConsumer Affairs.
• Kudzivirira Data: Spanish Data Protection Agency (AEPD).

Kuenda kusangano chairo kunogona kureva kuti kuda kwako kunodzidzwa uchishandisa tekinoroji maitiro kubva kuchikamu. Izvi zvinowedzera huwandu hwemhinduro, kunyanya mukufambiswa kwemashoko, kubhengi, uye inishuwarenzi..

Iyo Administrative inogadzirisa sei faira yako

Kana chikumbiro chako changogamuchirwa, Dhipatimendi rinotarisa kana paine magwaro asipo uye rinogona kukumbira kubva kwauri. Kana kanzuru yako iine Consumer Information Office (OMIC), vanotumira faira rako ikoko vokuzivisa.Panguva imwecheteyo, vanozotumira chichemo chako kukambani irikukurudzira kuyananisira.

Mazhinji manejimendi anoshuma kuti mazhinji ezvichemo anogadziriswa panguva ino pasina muripo kwauri; vamwe vanotaura nezvezvikamu zviri pedyo ne60%. Kana kupindirana kukatadza uye kambani ikabvuma, kupindirana kunoitwa., iyo inopedzisa nemubairo unosunga kune ese ari maviri.

Chero nguva iwe unogona kutarisa chimiro chefaira pane yako nharaunda portal kana kuburikidza nematanho akaratidzwa. Chengetedza nhamba yako yekunyoresa uye tarisa zviziviso zvako kuti udzivise kupotsa mazuva ekupedzisira kana zvinodiwa.

Kana, pasinei nezvose, pasina mhinduro, unogona kufunga nezvekuita kwepamutemo. Ongorora mitengo, nguva, uye mikana yekubudirira zvichienderana nehuwandu uye humbowo hwaunahwo..

Kune mabhizinesi uye nyanzvi: maitiro ekugadzirisa nemazvo dhijitari kudai

Kana iwe uri mupi webasa, chichemo chisina kubatwa zvakanaka chinogona kuwedzera uye kukanganisa zita rako, mutengo, uye bhizinesi. Kudzidzira kwakanaka kunotanga nekupindura nekukasira uye zvine ruremekedzo, kuteerera pasina kungobvuma kukanganisa. Pindura nechokwadi, tsanangura maitiro ako, uye ipa dzimwe nzira dzine musoro.

Wongorora chibvumirano kana mamiriro anogamuchirwa nemutengi: nguva dzekupedzisira, zvinounzwa, vimbiso uye masevhisi masevhisi. Hwaro hwepamutemo hwekunetsana kupi nekupi huri mune zvakabvumiranwa.Ndokusaka mamiriro akajeka ari akanakisa kudzivirira kwako kudzivirira.

Nyora zvese: kutaurirana, kuendeswa, shanduro dzesoftware, matanda, kana bvunzo dzinoshanda. Solid traceability inobvumidza iwe kuti uongorore kana paine chaiko kusateera kana kuti yaive nyaya yezvisingatarisirwe..

Pose pazvinoita, tauriranai. Dzimwe nguva kudzoserwa zvishoma, waranti yakawedzerwa, kana kukurumidza kugadzirisa mhinduro iri nani pane kupokana kwenguva refu. Kana iwe ukaona kutenda kwakashata (kutyisidzira kwekuongorora kwemanyepo, nhema), chengetedza toni yehunyanzvi asi ita nekusimba kwemutemo..

Kana iwe uri kambani yakakanganiswa nemutengesi anotadza kuunza (semuenzaniso, yakundikana webhu purojekiti), unogona kukumbira kutyora kondirakiti, kukuvadzwa kwehupfumi, uye kushomeka kwehunyanzvi. Funga nezvekuyananisa uye, kana zvakakodzera, tanga matanho emutemo nekuongorora kukwanisika..

Chido chekutarisa chekutsvaga basa redhijitari

Usati wawedzera nyaya yako, ita shuwa kuti une zvese zviripo: chitupa, humbowo hwekutenga, kondirakiti/matemu, humbowo hwekukanganisa, uye kutaurirana. Chirevo chakarongeka uye chakananga chinomhanyisa maitiro uye inovandudza chinzvimbo chako..

• ID: ID/NIE.
• Humbowo hwekutenga/kondirakiti: invoice, odha zvisimbiso kana kuzvinyoresa.
• Uchapupu hwedambudziko: kutora, maemail, chats, mavhidhiyo kana marekodhi.
• Chikumbiro chakajeka: Ndeipi mhinduro yaunoda uye mukati menguva ipi inonzwisisika?

Kana kunetsana kuri kune bhizinesi mune imwe nyika mukati meEuropean Economic Area, funga nezveODR. Kana iri nyaya yenyika, shandisa fomu rezvichemo uye kuyananisira/kupikisa munharaunda yako.Paunenge uchitenga kuburikidza nemisika, gara uchishandisa nzira dzemukati uye chengeta rekodhi rekodhi.

Kwaungawane rutsigiro rwemasangano

Iwe une akati wandei ekutsigira veruzhinji mapoinzi: iyo European Consumer Center yekupokana kwemuganho, iyo yedunhu Directorates General for Consumer Affairs, iyo OMIC uye Consumer Arbitration Boards. Vese vanoburitsa online madhairekitori, mepu, uye mafomu kukurumidza kuita maitiro ako.

Kana iwe usingakwanise kuwana hofisi yako, nharaunda zhinji dzinokutendera kuti uise chikumbiro pamhepo uye ichakupa nhamba yekunyoresa yekutevera. Tora mukana weiyo nzira yepamutemo uye tarisa chimiro nguva nenguva.Kana chero zvinyorwa zvisipo, iwe unozoziviswa kuti iwe ugozvipa.

Kushamwaridzana kwevatengi zvakare ishamwari yakanaka kana iwe wakanamatira. Vanogona kuita sevamiriri nemakambani, kukubatsira kunyora magwaro, uye, kana zvichidikanwa, vanokupa zano pane yakanakisa nzira yemutemo yekuita..

Kuisa chichemo nezve sevhisi yedhijitari haifanirwe kuve yakaoma maitiro. Nehumbowo, kurongeka, uye maturusi akakodzera — mafomu ekunyunyuta, ODR, kuyananirana/kupokana, uye, kana zvichidikanwa, matare edzimhosva—zvinobvira chose kudzoka mugwara uye kuwana mhinduro. Kuita zvine hungwaru uye mukati menguva yakatarwa kunowedzera mikana yekubudirira uye kunoderedza kupera simba..