Chii chinonzi Spanish Alphabet?

Arufabheti yechiSpanish inzira yekunyora iyo inoshandiswa kumiririra manzwi emutauro wechiSpanish. Kusiyana nemamwe mavara, akadai seChirungu, Spanish ine mamwe maitiro anoita kuti ive yakasiyana. Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora mubvunzo unowanzo bvunzwa wekuti "Chii chinonzi alphabet yechiSpanish" uye tiongorore chimiro chayo, fonitiki uye mataurirwo emamwe mavara. Tichaongorora kukosha kwekunzwisisa mavara echiSpanish, pamwe nehukama hwayo nemamwe masisitimu ekunyora uye kushanduka kwayo kwese. yenhoroondo. Muchidimbu, tichaona kuti iyi yakakosha sisitimu yekunyora kutaurirana muchiSpanish inodaidzwa.

1. Nhanganyaya kune alphabet yeSpanish: inonzi chii uye chimiro chayo chii?

Arufabheti yechiSpanish inzira yekunyora inoshandiswa kumiririra manzwi emutauro wechiSpanish. Inoumbwa nemavara makumi maviri nenomwe, kusanganisira ñ. Mamiriro emavara echiSpanish akafanana neayo echiLatin arufabheti anoshandiswa mune mimwe mitauro, asi aine mimwe misiyano chaiyo.

Mavara ekutanga echiSpanish arufabheti ndi'a' uye vara rekupedzisira ndi'z'. Tsamba imwe neimwe ine kukosha kwefonetiki, ndiko kuti, inomiririra inzwi chairo. MuchiSpanish, mamwe mavara anogona kuve nemataurirwo akasiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo yawo mukati meizwi kana manzwi anoriperekedza.

Pamusoro pemavara, alphabet yeSpanish inosanganisirawo zviratidzo zvepumisikidzo uye mataurirwo. Aya masaini akakosha pakunyora chaiko uye kunzwisisa kwemazwi muSpanish. Nekuziva maumbirwo emavara echiSpanish uye mataurirwo ebhii rimwe nerimwe, kudzidza mutauro kunorerutswa uye kunyorwa kwekunyora muchiSpanish kunovandudzwa.

2. Zvinhu zvakakosha zvechiSpanish alphabet: manzwi uye zviperengo

Zvinhu zvakakosha zvearufabheti yechiSpanish, iyo inoumba hwaro hwekunyora uye mataurirwo emutauro, zvinosanganisira manzwi akasiyana uye zviperengo. ChiSpanish chinoumbwa nemabhii makumi maviri nemanomwe, kusanganisira mavhawero mashanu (a, e, i, o, u) nemakonzonendi makumi maviri nemaviri. Imwe neimwe yemavara aya ine ruzha rwakabatana, rwunogona kusiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo iri mukati meshoko uye mavara akarikomberedza.

Kunyora kweSpanish kunobva pafonetiki system, zvinoreva kuti Ruzha rumwe nerumwe rune graphic inomiririra. Kunyange zvazvo mamwe manzwi achigona kuoma kududza uye achisiyana pamukurukuri nemukurukuri, pane mitemo yakajairika inosarudza kuti mashoko anofanira kutaurwa sei muchiSpanish.

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kududzwa kwemazwi echiSpanish chaiko kunogona kukanganisa zvaanoreva. Somuenzaniso, musiyano uripo pakati pe“mba” na“kuvhima,” kana kuti “kugarika” na“kufanana,” uri mukududzwa chaiko kwamanzwi. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kujairana nemanzwi uye zviperengo zvearufabheti yechiSpanish kuti ugone kuverenga nekunyora nemazvo mumutauro uyu. [KUPERA

3. Nhoroondo uye kushanduka kwezita remutauro wechiSpanish

Nhoroondo yezita reSpanish alphabet inonakidza uye izere nekushanduka kwakakosha kwemazana emakore. Mukutanga kwayo, alphabet yechiSpanish yaive yakavakirwa pamavara echiLatin aishandiswa nevaRoma, asi nekufamba kwenguva yakave neshanduko uye zvigadziriso zvakaumba mutauro wechiSpanish sezvatinouziva nhasi.

Zita remabhii echiSpanish rinobva muchiGiriki Αλφάβητος (alphabētos), iro rinobva pamavara maviri ekutanga echiGreek alphabet, alpha (Α) uye beta (Β). Tsamba idzi dzakagamuchirwa navaFenikiya, avo vakadzitumira kuvaGiriki uye, pakupedzisira, dzakasvika kuIberia Peninsula kupfurikidza navaRoma.

MuRoma yekare, arufabheti yechiLatin yakachinja zvikuru muzita rayo. Semuenzaniso, vara "B" pakutanga rainzi "beta" sechiGiriki, asi vaRoma vakaritumidza zita rokuti "be." Saizvozvo, vara "V" raidaidzwa se "u" muchiLatin chekare, asi gare gare rakawana mataurirwo uye zita raro razvino. Kuchinja kwemutauro netsika uku munhoroondo yese zvakapesvedzera kushanduka kwezita rearufabheti yechiSpanish.

4. Mazita emabhii ari muarufabheti yechiSpanish nemataurirwo awo

Arufabheti yechiSpanish ine mavara makumi maviri nemanomwe uye rimwe nerimwe rine zita uye mataurirwo chaiwo. Kuziva aya mazita uye mataurirwo anokosha pakudzidza kuverenga nekunyora muchiSpanish. Pazasi, mazita emabhii achaiswa muhurongwa hwearufabheti, pamwe nemataurirwo awo anofambirana.

A. Vara rokuti "a" rinodaidzwa serinovhura "a" rine nguva pfupi. Somuenzaniso, mumashoko akadai se "imba" kana "shamwari."

B. Vara "b" rinodudzwa se "be", rakapfava, rinoputika, zvakafanana nemataurirwo echiRungu. Somuenzaniso, mumashoko akadai se "akanaka" kana "mwana."

5. Kurongeka kwearufabheti mumutauro wechiSpanish: mitemo uye kunze

Mutauro wechiSpanish unodzorwa nemirairo chaiyo yekumisa kurongeka kwearufabheti. Kunyangwe ichitevera hurongwa hwakafanana nehwemimwe mitauro, pane zvimwe zvakasarudzika uye zvisiri izvo zvakakosha kutariswa.

Chekutanga, kurongeka kwearufabheti muchiSpanish kunotemerwa zvakanyanya nezita rekutanga kana zita remhuri, kana iri mazita chaiwo. Muchiitiko chekuti mazita maviri esurname anotanga netsamba imwe chete, yekutanga yechipiri inofanirwa kuverengerwa kuti igadzirise kutangira.

Ukuwo, mabhii ane mutsindo nemabhii ane umlaut anotorwa semhando dzakasiyana dzebhii rimwe chete asina chirevo kana umlaut. Nemamwe mashoko, mabhii ane accent uye umlaut haasandure kurongeka kwearufabheti, asi anoiswa mushure mebhii rinoenderana pasina chirevo kana umlaut. Semuenzaniso, "á" inofungidzirwa mushure me "a" uye "ü" inotorwa mushure me "u".

6. Musiyano pakati pearufabheti yechiSpanish nemamwe masisitimu earufabheti

MuchiSpanish, arufabheti inoumbwa nemabhii 27 anosanganisira mabhii mamwechete echirungu arufabheti pamwe nekuwedzera kwebhii "ñ." Kusiyana nemamwe maarufabheti masisitimu, chiSpanish chinoshandisa arufabheti yechiLatin. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mavara ane chimiro uye mataurirwo chaiwo, uye anoshandiswa nguva dzose mumashoko ese echiSpanish akanyorwa. Pamusoro pezvo, chiSpanish chine mataurirwo emazwi anogona kushandura mataurirwo uye zvinoreva mazwi.

Musiyano unoonekwa pakati pearufabheti yeSpanish nemamwe masisitimu ealfabheti ndiko kushandiswa kwemavara "ch" na "ll" semadhigiramu. Aya makonzonendi masanganiswa anoonekwa semavara ega ega muchiSpanish uye ane nzvimbo yawo muhurongwa hwearufabheti. Chokwadi ichi chinogona kuvhiringa kune avo vakajaira mamwe masisitimu earufabheti umo "ch" na"ll" anotorwa sekutevedzana kwemavara maviri akasiyana.

Mumwe mutsauko wakakosha ndiko kushandiswa kwemazwi muSpanish. Mazwi echiSpanish anogona kuva nemadimikira, ayo anomiririrwa nediki chiperengo chiratidzo pamusoro pevhawero. Matauriro aya haangokanganisa mataurirwo emashoko, asi anodiwawo kusiyanisa pakati pemitsetse izvo zvimwe zvaizopereterwa zvakafanana, asi zvine zvirevo zvakasiyana. Izvo zvakakosha kuti utarise kune accents muSpanish kudzivirira kuvhiringidzika uye kunyatsonzwisisa zvinorehwa nemashoko. [KUPERA

7. Kukosha kwekuziva nekudzidza alphabet yechiSpanish

Kuziva uye kudzidza alphabet yechiSpanish kwakakosha kune chero mudzidzi wemutauro uyu. Kugona mavara nemanzwi avanomiririra ndiro danho rekutanga rekunyatsogona kuverenga nekunyora. Uye zvakare, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise uye kutaura nemazvo mazwi nemitsara muSpanish.

Imwe yematanho ekutanga ekudzidza alphabet yechiSpanish ndeyekujairana nerimwe remavara makumi maviri nemanomwe anorigadzira. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti alphabet yechiSpanish inosanganisira mamwe mavara maviri asingawanikwe muarufabheti yeChirungu: "ñ" uye "ll." Kuziva mabhii aya nemanzwi awo kwakakosha kuti udzivise kuvhiringika uye mataurirwo asiriwo.

Kana wangoziva mavara earufabheti, zvakakosha kuti udzidze kududza rimwe nerimwe nemazvo. Nokuda kweizvi, zviwanikwa zvakadai semavhidhiyo emirayiridzo kana kuti zvakarekodhwa zvinogona kushandiswa zvinopa mienzaniso yemataurirwo ebhii rimwe nerimwe nemanzwi aro. Kudzokorodza uye kugara uchidzidzira ndizvo zvakakosha pakunatsa mataurirwo emabhii uye kuwana mataurirwo chaiwo muchiSpanish.

8. Zvishandiso uye maitiro ekudzidzisa Spanish alphabet zvinobudirira

• Shandisa zvinoonekwa: Vana vanodzidza zvakanyanya kuburikidza nekuona, saka zvakakosha kushandisa zvinoonekwa senge maposta, makadhi kana mifananidzo inomiririra mavara echiSpanish alphabet. Zvishandiso izvi zvinovabatsira kubatanidza chimiro chebhii rega rega neruzha rwaro uye zvinovafambisa mumusoro.
• Batanidzai zviitwa zvinodyidzana: Kuti vana varambe vachifarira panguva yemakirasi ekuverenga nekunyora, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa nzira dzekudyidzana uye zviitwa. Semuenzaniso, unogona kutamba mitambo umo vana vanofanira kuziva uye kutumidza mabhii mumamiriro akasiyana, semumashoko kana zvirevo.
• Zvirongwa zvemakirasi zvishoma nezvishoma: Zvakakosha kuronga makirasi zvishoma nezvishoma, ndiko kuti, kutanga kudzidzisa mavara akareruka uye anowanzoitika, uye wozobatanidza iwo akaoma zvikuru. Izvi zvinobvumira vana kuti vajairane nearufabheti zvishoma nezvishoma uye kuvadzivirira kubva pakukurirwa nehuwandu hwemashoko panguva imwe chete.

Muchidimbu, kudzidzisa mavara echiSpanish zvinobudirira, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa zviwanikwa zvinoonekwa, kubatanidza zviitiko zvekudyidzana uye makirasi ekugadzirisa zvishoma nezvishoma. Nekushandisa nzira idzi, vana vanozokwanisa kudzidza nenzira ine simba uye inovaraidza, vachifambisa nzira yavo yekuwana mutauro. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti mwana wega wega ane nhanho yake yekudzidza, saka zvakakosha kugadzirisa nzira kuti dzienderane nezvido zvemudzidzi wega wega.

9. The Spanish alphabet uye kukosha kwayo mune dzidzo uye kutaurirana

Kukosha kwearufabheti yechiSpanish mudzidzo nekutaurirana kuri pabasa rayo rakakosha sechishandiso chekunyora nemataurirwo. Arufabheti yechiSpanish inoumbwa nemavara makumi maviri nemanomwe anotitendera kumiririra manzwi ese aripo mumutauro wechiSpanish. Murayiro waro unokosha pakudzidza kwakarurama kwomutauro uye kushandiswa kwawo kwakakodzera mukunyora nokutaura mashoko.

Muchikamu chedzidzo, alfabheti yechiSpanish inodzidziswa kubva pamatanho ekutanga ekudzidza kuverenga nekunyora. Kuziva uye kuziva mavara nemanzwi anoenderana nawo ndiro danho rekutanga pakuvandudza hunyanzvi hwekuverenga, kunyora nekuverenga. Mukuwedzera, arufabheti yechiSpanish inoshanda sehwaro hwokudzidzisa girama nechiperengo, ichigovera mitemo inodiwa nokuda kwokunyorwa kwakarurama kwamashoko.

Nezvekutaurirana, kugona kwearufabheti yechiSpanish kunobvumira kududzwa kwemazwi uye kunoita kuti kunzwisiswe kwemashoko akanyorwa. Kuziva mavara nemataurirwo awo kwakakosha kuti ukwanise kutaura zvakanaka mumutauro wechiSpanish. Pamusoro pezvo, inobvumira kuverenga nekunzwisisa kwezvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana, kubva kunhau uye zvinyorwa kusvika kumabhuku nemagwaro emutemo. Saizvozvo, iyo Spanish alphabet inoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakadai setekinoroji, mushonga uye bhizinesi, uko kunyorwa kunyorwa kwakakosha pakuvandudza kwemabasa nemapurojekiti.

Arufabheti yechiSpanish, ine mabhii makumi maviri nemanomwe, chishandiso chakakosha mudzidzo nekutaurirana. Kuibata kunobvumira iwe kukudziridza hunyanzvi hwekuverenga, kunyora uye kuverenga kwekunzwisisa, mukuwedzera pakufambisa mataurirwo chaiwo uye kunzwisisa kwemeseji yakanyorwa. Izvo zvakakosha kudzidzisa nekudzidza alfabheti yechiSpanish kubva pamatanho ekutanga edzidzo, sezvo kukosha kwayo uye kushanda kwayo kuchienderera muhupenyu hwese hwedzidzo nehunyanzvi.

10. Mashandisiro echiSpanish alfabheti mukunyora nekunyora

Arufabheti yechiSpanish inoumbwa nemabhii makumi maviri nemanomwe, ayo anosanganisira mavara makumi maviri nenhanhatu echiRungu pamwe nebhii rimwe rokuwedzera: the "ñ". Kudzidza mashandisiro echiSpanish alfabheti nemazvo mukunyora nekunyora kwakakosha kuti utaure zvinobudirira. zvinobudirira muchiSpanish.

Kuti ushandise alfabheti yechiSpanish mukunyora, zvinodikanwa kuti uzive mataurirwo chaiwo eimwe neimwe yemavara. Semuenzaniso, vara "c" rinodudzwa sa "th" kuChirungu kana richiteverwa nemavhawero "e" kana "i." Mukuwedzera, kune mavara anogona kuva nemataurirwo akasiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, akadai sebhii rokuti "g." Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti unoshandisa mataurirwo emashoko, zvinobatsira kuteerera vatauri veko uye kudzidzira mataurirwo.

Mukunyora, zvakakosha kushandisa zviratidzo zvefonetiki zvakakodzera kumiririra manzwi echiSpanish alphabet. Semuenzaniso, chiratidzo “/θ/” chinogona kushandiswa kumiririra izwi rekuti “th” muchiRungu pakunyora mataurirwo evara rekuti “c” achiteverwa nemavhawero “e” kana kuti “i.” Zvakakoshawo kuyeuka kuti muchiSpanish kune mavara akanyarara, akadai se "h", asina kutaurwa. Kushandisa iwo chaiwo masaini efonetiki uye kurangarira mavara akanyarara mukunyora kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chechokwadi chekumiririra kwefonitiki yeSpanish.

11. Pesvedzero yearufabheti yechiSpanish patsika nehunhu hwevaHispanic

Mavara echiSpanish ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvechiSpanish tsika uye kuzivikanwa. Kwemazana emakore, yakave nepesvedzero huru pamativi akasiyana enzanga inotaura chiSpanish, kubva pamabhuku kusvika padzidzo.

Chekutanga, arufabheti yave hwaro hwekunyora akawanda ezvinyorwa zvechiSpanish. Kugona kuzviratidza kuburikidza nekunyora kwakabvumira vanyori veSpain kuti vatore pfungwa dzavo nemanzwiro avo nenzira yeunyanzvi uye inogara. Kubva muzvinyorwa zvekare zvakadai saDon Quixote de la Mancha, kusvika kunhetembo dzemazuva ano, mavara echiSpanish akabatsira mukugadzira nekuchengetedza tsika dzevaHispanic.

Pamusoro pezvo, kudzidza alfabheti yechiSpanish chinhu chakakosha mudzidzo yenharaunda dzinotaura chiSpanish. Ruzivo rwemavara nemataurirwo adzo akakosha pakuverenga nekunyora, uye hunyanzvi hwakakosha mukusimudzira dzidzo yevadzidzi. Arufabheti inoshandiswawo mukudzidzisa mamwe maitiro, akadai segirama nechiperengo, ayo anosimbisazve kukosha kwawo mundima yedzidzo yeHispanic.

12. Misiyano yedunhu muzita uye mataurirwo echiSpanish alphabet

Arufabheti yechiSpanish ine mavara makumi maviri nemanomwe, asi mataurirwo awo anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nenharaunda. MuSpain, somuenzaniso, mamwe mabhii anodudzwa zvakasiyana kupfuura muLatin America. Iyi misiyano yedunhu muzita uye mataurirwo echiSpanish arufabheti yakakosha kuchengetwa mundangariro, kunyanya pakudzidza kana kudzidzisa mutauro.

Imwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa madudzirwo edunhu mataurirwo etsamba "c" uye vara "z" kana ichiteverwa nemavhawero "e" kana "i." Pavanenge vari kuSpain vanoshevedzwa sezwi rakafanana ne "th", muLatin America vanonzwika se "s". Mumwe muenzaniso mataurirwo evara rekuti "r", iro mune mamwe matunhu eSpain rinodudzwa zvine simba ("multiple vibrating "erre") ukuwo kuLatin America richidudzwa zvinyoro nyoro ("single "erre").

Pamusoro pekusiyana kwemataurirwo emashoko, kune zvakare misiyano yedunhu mumazita emamwe mavara muarufabheti yechiSpanish. Semuenzaniso, nepo munyika zhinji dzeLatin America vara "b" rinonzi "be", kuSpain rinonzi "low be". Saizvozvowo, tsamba "v" inonzi "ve" muLatin America, asi muSpain inozivikanwa se "ve." Misiyano iyi inogona kuvhiringa kune avo vanodzidza chiSpanish, asi zvakakosha kuti uchengete iyi misiyano yedunhu mupfungwa kuitira kutaurirana kunoshanda nevatauri vemunyika dzakasiyana.

13. Matambudziko akajairika mukudzidza nekushandisa alphabet yechiSpanish

Matambudziko pakudzidza nekushandisa alfabheti yechiSpanish akajairika pakati pevadzidzi vari kudzidza mutauro. Zvimwe zvinonetsa zvinosanganisirwa nematauriro asiriwo emamwe mavara, kuvhiringika pakati pemanzwi akafanana, uye kunetseka kuziva nekunyora mabhii nenzira kwayo mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana.

Nzira inoshanda yekugadzirisa matambudziko aya kugara uchidzidzira mataurirwo emavara nemanzwi anobatanidzwa. Unogona kuwana zvidzidzo pamhepo kana kushandisa maapplication uye maturusi ekubatsira kuvandudza mataurirwo. Nzira inobatsira ndeyekudzokorora uye kurekodha kwe izwi rangu kuienzanisa nemhando dzevatauri venzvimbo. Uye zvakare, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa kongiri uye inoshanda mienzaniso kubatanidza mavara kune chaiwo mazwi uye mamiriro, izvo zvinofambisa kunzwisisa kwavo nekushandisa.

Chimwe chinhu chinobatsira kutora mukana wekushandisa mazita emazwi kudzidzira kunyora mavara nekugadzira mazwi. Kune akawanda mafoni ekushandisa uye mawebhusaiti iyo inopa rondedzero yemazwi echiSpanish akarongwa nehuwandu hwekuoma kana musoro. Aya mazita anokubvumira kuti udzidzire kunyora uye kuziva mavara munzvimbo dzakasiyana mukati memashoko. Mukuwedzera, zvakakosha kufunga nezvemitemo yekupereta nekusimbisa kuti udzivise zvikanganiso zvakajairika.

14. Remangwana reSpanish alphabet: kugadzirisa uye shanduko muzera redhijitari

Mukupedzisa, mavara echiSpanish chishandiso chakakosha pakudzidza nekugona mutauro. Kuziva chimiro chayo, mataurirwo uye kurongeka kwakakosha kukudziridza kutaurirana kunoshanda muSpanish.

Muchinyorwa chino chese, takaongorora hunhu uye zvinotaridzika zvechiSpanish alphabet. Kubva payakabva nekushanduka-shanduka kusvika pakushanda kwayo muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Isu takaratidza kukosha kweimwe neimwe yemavara uye kukosha kwavo kwefonetiki, pamwe nekukoshera kwemavara uye digraph. muhurongwa lingüístico.

Pamusoro pezvo, takaongorora kuiswa kwemavara "ch", "ll" uye "rr", ayo kunyangwe asiri chikamu chearufabheti yepamutemo, ane basa rakakosha mumutauro wechiSpanish.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti, semamwe maalphabets, Spanish inochinjika kune shanduko uye kufambira mberi munharaunda. Izvi zvinoratidzwa mukubatanidzwa kwemazwi matsva ekunze uye mazwi, izvo zvinoda kugamuchirwa kwezviratidzo zvakakosha uye zviratidzo.

Muchidimbu, alphabet yechiSpanish chikamu chakakosha chekutaura nemuromo mumutauro uyu. Kuziva chimiro chayo uye hunhu hwayo kwakakosha kune avo vanoshuvira kunyura mumitauro uye hupfumi hwetsika hunopihwa neSpanish semutauro wekuzvarwa kana wekunze. Kuwana hwaro hwakasimba uhwu kunobvumira kunzwisisa kuri nani uye kutaura muzvikamu zvakasiyana, kubva padzidzo nemabhuku kuenda kubhizinesi nekutaurirana kwepasirese. Pasina kupokana, arufabheti yechiSpanish inhaka yehungwaru inofanirwa kukosheswa nekudzidzwa nguva dzose.