Ndezvipi zvikamu zvebhodhi reamai?

Kuziva zvikamu zvebhodhi reamai uye kuti rinoshanda sei kunobatsira pakuvaka komputa kana kutsiva Hardware zvikamu. Ichi chinhu chinozivikanwawo sebhodhi reamai, uye Inoshandiswa kubatanidza zvimwe zvikamu zvese zvemidziyo. Muchikamu chino tichaona chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu zvinoumba bhodhi reamai uye basa rayo.

Zvikamu zvikuru zvebhodhi reamai

Patinoongorora komputa hardware, tinowana chidimbu chakakosha chekushanda kwayo: iyo mamaboard. Iyi kadhi yedunhu yakabatanidzwa ine basa re batanidza uye bvumira kutaurirana pakati pezvimwe zvikamu zvehurongwa. Iyo inozivikanwawo sebhodhi reamai, uye ndicho chinhu chikuru uye chakakosha pane chero komputa.

Tinogona kufungidzira mamaboard sea yepakati papuratifomu apo mamwe zvidimbu zvehardware zvakabatanidzwa. Iyo processor, ndangariro, mayuniti ekuchengetedza, makadhi ekuwedzera uye mamwe maperipheral akaiswa ipapo. Pasina bhodhi reamai, izvo zvikamu zvega zvaisazokwanisa kutaurirana zvakanaka.

Uye zvakare, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti Kugona uye miganhu yekombuta inotarwa nehunhu hwebhodhi reamai. Semuenzaniso, mamaboards akagadzirwa kuti aenderane nemamwe marudzi ema processor. Saizvozvo, ivo vanotsigira imwe mhando uye vanogona kutsigira yakawandisa huwandu hwe RAM.

Huwandu hwezvibatanidza (zvemukati nekunze) pamwe nekuwedzera sarudzo zvinotemerwawo neiyo mamaboard. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kana uchisarudza bhodhi reamai unofanirwa kunyatso ongorora zvaunoda zvazvino uye zveramangwana. Nenzira iyi, zvinovimbiswa kuti komputa inogona kushanduka uye kuenderana nezvikamu zvitsva uye matekinoroji.

processor socket

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zvebhodhi reamai ndiyo processor socket, inozivikanwawo sesoketi. Iyi compartment ndiyo inoiswa processor kana CPU. kuitira kuti iwirirane nebhodhi reamai. Sezvaunotoziva iwe, iyo CPU (Central Processing Unit) ndiyo yechokwadi uropi hwekombuta, ine basa rekuita mirairo yese.

Sezvatakambotaura, Mabhodhi eamai akagadzirwa kuti aenderane nemamwe marudzi ema processor. Somuenzaniso, motherboard ASUS ROG Strix Z690-E Iyo ine LGA 1700 socket inoenderana negumi nemaviri Intel processors senge i12-9K.

Huwandu hukuru hwemaitiro anoitika mukati meCPU anoita kuti chinhu ichi chipise. Ndosaka, Iyo socket inowanzobatanidza inotonhorera system, iyo inogona kusanganisira mafeni, heatsinks, uye zvivharo zvekupisa. Makadhi emifananidzo uye zvimwe zvikamu zvebhodhi reamai zvakare kazhinji zvine inotonhorera system.

Memory Slots

Pedyo nesocket pane memory slots, chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvebhodhi reamai. RAM ndangariro dzinoiswa mune idzi slots., ine basa rekuchengetedza data kwechinguva kuvandudza kushanda kwemidziyo. Iyo yakawanda ndangariro slots, iyo yakakura huwandu hwe RAM inogona kuisirwa, kusvika painogumira yakagadzwa nemugadziri.

Aya ma slots ane hutete, hwakarebesa chimiro, nekiyi nzira yekubata ndangariro. Iyo slot dhizaini inosarudza mhando yendangariro inogona kuiswa (DDR3, DDR4, DDR5), izvo zvinokanganisa kumhanya uye kugona kwehurongwa hwese.

Chipset pakati pezvikamu zvebhodhi reamai

Kunyangwe isingaoneki pane zvimwe zvikamu zvebhodhi reamai, iyo chipset chikamu chakakosha payo. Zviri a seti yemachipisi kana maseketi emagetsi anobatsira processor, ndangariro, uye zvimwe zvikamu mukufambiswa kweruzivo. Pamwe chete, aya machipisi anoshanda sekunge ari processor akabatanidzwa mubhodhi reamai.

Chipset rakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri: iyo Northbridge (kuchamhembe zambuko) uye iyo Southbridge (maodzanyemba zambuko). Chikamu chekutanga chinobata kutaurirana pakati peCPU, RAM uye kadhi yemifananidzo. Kune chikamu chayo, bhiriji rezasi rinotarisira kutaurirana nemamwe maperipheral uye ekuchengetedza zvikamu.

Kuwedzera slots

Edzero dzekuwedzera dzakafanana nendangariro slots, asi dzakagadzirirwa isa makadhi okuwedzera (mifananidzo, ruzha, network, nezvimwewo). Aya ma slots anozivikanwa sePCIe (Peripheral Chikamu Interconnect Express) kana Express Interconnection Peripheral Component.

Ese makomputa mamaboards ane PCIe slots, asi aya haisi kushandiswa nguva dzose. Mabhodhi eamai atove neakasanganiswa magiraidhi, ruzha uye netiweki zvikamu. Nekudaro, avo vanoda kuwedzera hunyanzvi uhu, sevatambi kana vagadziri, vanopedzisira vashandisa slots kuwedzera makadhi ekuwedzera.

Izvi zvikamu zvebhodhi reamai Dzinouya muhukuru hwakasiyana uye kukurumidza ratings: x1, x2, x4, x8, x16. Imwe neimwe modhi ine bandwidth yakasiyana, ine slot ine mikoto yakawanda iri iyo ine yakakura bandwidth.

Storage connectors

Mukati mezvikamu zvebhodhi reamai mune zvekuchengetedza zvibatanidza, senge SATA (Serial ATA) uye M.2 ports. SATA ports inoshandiswa kubatanidza madhiraivha ekuchengetera: Madhiraivha akaomarara, akasimba mamiriro edhiraivha uye anoverenga kuverenga. Kune yavo, iyo M.2 slots yakagadzirirwa kuisa maSSD madhiraivha, akafanana neakasimba madhiraivha asi nekukurumidza zvakanyanya.

Simba rinobatanidza

Pasina magetsi ekubatanidza, hapana kana chimwe chezvikamu zviri pabhobho reamai chaigona kushanda. Izvi zvinobatanidza Ndivo vane basa rekugamuchira magetsi kubva kune simba. Ivo vane yakasarudzika uye akasiyana dhizaini kuita kuti zvive nyore uye intuitive sezvinobvira kuvaziva uye kuita zvinongedzo pasina zvikanganiso.

Iyo huru yemagetsi yekubatanidza pamabhodhi eamai kazhinji ndiyo 24-pini ATX, iyo inotakura magetsi e3.5v, 5v uye 12v. Kune zvakare vabatsiri vanobatanidza, inoshandiswa kutakura simba kune zvimwe zvikamu, zvakadai seCPU. Zvimwe zviteshi ndizvo pedyo nekuwedzera slots uye anoshandiswa kupa simba akatsaurirwa makadhi emifananidzo uye zvimwe zvekuwedzera zvikamu.

Zvekunze zvechikamu zviteshi zvebhodhi reamai

Zviteshi zvekunze vari vose zvekunze motherboard connectors, zvose shure uye mberi. Zvinosanganisira zviteshi zvekupinza/zvinobuda zvakaita se USB ports, Ethernet, audio outputs, HDMI, DisplayPort nezvimwe. Iwo anoshandiswa kubatanidza marudzi ese emaperipherals, kubva kiibhodhi uye mbeva kune ekunze ekuchengetedza madhiraivha uye nezvimwe.