Ndeapi maprotocol ekutaurirana uye Wi-Fi Network?

Chii chinonzi Wi-Fi kutaurirana uye network protocol?

Muzera ranhasi redhijitari, nyika iri kuwedzera kubatana, uye kutaurirana pasina waya kunoita basa rakakosha mune izvi. Wi-Fi tekinoroji inobvumira zvishandiso kutaurirana kune mumwe nemumwe. isina tambo, ⁢asi kuita izvi zvakanaka uye yakachengeteka, akati wandei maprotocol anoshandiswa. Aya maprotocol anoita semirau uye nhungamiro inotsanangura kuti network yeWi-Fi inomiswa uye inochengetwa sei, uye kuti data rinofambiswa sei nekugamuchirwa. Kunzwisisa mapuroteni aya kwakakosha kuti unzwisise mashandiro anoita maWi-Fi network uye kukwanisa kushandisa zvizere kugona kwavo.

1. Nhanganyaya yezvibvumirano zvekutaurirana uye Wi-Fi network

Nhaurirano maprotocol uye Wi-Fi network zvinhu zvakakosha mumunda wekutaurirana pasina waya. Nhaurirano mapuroteni seti yemitemo uye zviyero zvinobvumira kufambiswa kweruzivo. pakati pemidziyo yakabatana kune network. Aya maprotocol anodiwa kumisikidza mvura uye kutaurirana kwakanaka, kuve nechokwadi chekuti data rinotumirwa nekugamuchirwa nemazvo. Kune rimwe divi, Wi-Fi tekinoroji inogonesa isina waya Internet kubatana uye kutaurirana pakati pemidziyo kuburikidza nemasaisai eredhiyo.

Kune akasiyana maprotocol ekutaurirana anoshandiswa muWi-Fi network. Imwe yeinonyanya kuzivikanwa uye inonyanya kushandiswa ndeye 802.11 protocol, iyo inotsanangura isina waya yekutaurirana mwero. Protocol iyi yakashanduka nekufamba kwenguva uye yapa kuti pave neshanduro dzakasiyana siyana, se802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n uye 802.11ac. Imwe neimwe vhezheni inopa kuvandudzwa maererano nekumhanya, renji, uye network simba. Pamusoro peiyo 802.11 protocol, kune zvakare mamwe maprotocol anoshandiswa muWi-Fi network, seWi-Fi Direct, iyo inobvumira kubatana kwakananga pakati pemidziyo pasina kudiwa kwe nzvimbo yekupinda.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti imwe neimwe protocol ine maitiro ayo uye zvisingakwanisi.. Semuenzaniso, iyo 802.11b protocol ine kukurumidza kwekutapurirana kunosvika 11 Mbps, nepo 802.11ac inogona kusvika kumhanya kusvika kumagigabhiti akati wandei pasekondi. Saizvozvo, huwandu hwetiweki hunogona kusiyana zvichienderana neprotocol inoshandiswa. Uye zvakare, zvakakosha kuti titarise kuenderana pakati pemidziyo neWi-Fi network, nekuti ivo zvishandiso zvese Izvo zvinoenderana nemaprotocol ese.

Muchidimbu, maprotocol ekutaurirana uye maWi-Fi network akakosha kune isina waya data kutapurirana. Aya maprotocol anogadza mitemo nemirau inobvumira kutaurirana pakati pemidziyo, nepo Wi-Fi network ichifambisa kubatana uye kutaurirana pakati pemidziyo iyoyo. Kuziva nekunzwisisa akasiyana maprotocol anoshandiswa muWi-Fi network kwakakosha kutora mukana wakazara wemabhenefiti eiyi tekinoroji uye kuve nechokwadi cheiyo yakakwana yekutaurirana ruzivo.

2. Iyo huru yekutaurirana maprotocol mumatambo asina waya

Munyika Pama wireless network, kune akati wandei maprotocol akakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekubatanidza uye kwakachengeteka. Aya maprotocol ane basa rekumisikidza zviyero nemitemo inobvumira kutaurirana pakati pemidziyo pane network yeWi-Fi.. Pazasi, tichakuzivisa iwe kune makuru ekutaurirana maprotocol anoshandiswa mumanetiweki aya.

Yekutanga yavo ndeye IEEE 802.11 protocol., inozivikanwawo seWi-Fi. Iyi protocol inoshandiswa mumidziyo yakawanda inopa waya isina waya. Iyo inobvumira kufambiswa kwedata pamusoro pemasaisai eredhiyo pamafafitera akasiyana, ichibvumira kuvharika kwakakura uye kumhanyisa kwekufambisa data. Mukuwedzera, iyo IEEE 802.11 protocol inopa zviyero zvakasiyana zvakasiyana mukumhanya kwekufambisa uye frequency renji inoshandiswa.

Imwe nzira yakakosha ndeyeIEEE 802.11i, iyo inoshandiswa kuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa mumatambo asina waya. Iyi protocol inozivikanwa seWPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2) uye inotsiva yekare WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) protocol. IEEE 802.11i inoshandisa yakasimba uye yakachengeteka encryption algorithm, ichiita kuti kubatana kuve kwakachengeteka uye kushoma panjodzi yekurwiswa kwekunze.. Pamusoro pezvo, inosanganisirawo dzimwe nzira dzekuchengetedza, dzakadai seyechokwadi yemushandisi uye kiyi yekutsinhana, iyo inovimbisa kutendeseka uye kuvanzika kweiyo data inopfuudzwa paWi-Fi network.

3. Zvimiro uye zvakanakira zveWi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) protocol

Iyo Wi-Fi 6 protocol, inozivikanwawo se802.11ax, ndiyo yazvino vhezheni yeWi-Fi isina waya network uye yekutaurirana mwero. Iyi shanduko tekinoroji inopa akati wandei maficha uye mabhenefiti ayo anovandudza zvakanyanya mareti ekufambisa data, kumhanya, uye kugona kwekubatanidza kwemidziyo.

Zviratidzo:

- Higher spectral performance: Iyo Wi-Fi 6 protocol inoshandisa hunyanzvi hwepamberi, senge orthogonal quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) kusvika 1024QAM, kuti iwane hukuru hwekutarisa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti data yakawanda inogona kutumirwa mune imwechete bandwidth, zvichikonzera kukurumidza uye kwakavimbika kubatana.

- Kuita kuri nani munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda: Wi-Fi 6 inoshandisa tekinoroji yeMU-MIMO (Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output), iyo inobvumira michina yakawanda kutumira uye kugamuchira data panguva imwe chete. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha munzvimbo dzakabatikana, senge mahofisi kana nzvimbo dzeveruzhinji, uko michina mizhinji yakabatana kunetiweki panguva imwe chete.

- Lower latency: Iyo Wi-Fi 6 protocol inoderedza latency kusvika 75% kana ichienzaniswa neshanduro dzakapfuura. Izvi zvinonyanya kunatsiridza ruzivo rwemushandisi mune latency-sensitive application senge online mutambo wemitambo kana vhidhiyo kutenderera. nguva chaiyo.

Kubatsira:

– Inokurumidza kubatanidza kumhanya: NeWi-Fi 6, vashandisi vanogona kuona sipidhi inosvika 9.6 Gbps, inomhanya zvakapetwa katatu pane yakamboitwa, Wi-Fi 5. Izvi zvinobvumira kudhaunirodha nekukurumidza. mafaera makuru kana kufambisa zvemhando yepamusoro zvakanyanya nekukurumidza uye nemazvo.

- Hukuru hwekubatanidza huwandu: Wi-Fi 6 inoshandisa tekinoroji yeOFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access), iyo inokamura chiteshi chega chega chisina waya kuita madiki madiki. Izvi zvinobvumira akawanda maturusi kuti abatane zvakanaka uye panguva imwe chete kune yeWi-Fi network pasina kukanganisa kuita kwese.

- Kuita kurinani kwebhatiri: Iyo Wi-Fi 6 protocol inounza chinhu chinodaidzwa kuti Target Wake Time (TWT), iyo inobvumira michina kuronga kana ichimuka uye kubatana neWi-Fi. Izvi zvinoderedza mashandisirwo emagetsi uye zvinovandudza hupenyu hwebhatiri pane nharembozha dzakadai sema smartphones uye mahwendefa.

Muchidimbu, iyo Wi-Fi 6 protocol inopa akati wandei maficha uye mabhenefiti anoita kuti ive yakanyanya kudiwa sarudzo yekuvandudza isina waya yekubatanidza. Nekukurumidza kubatanidza kumhanya, kuwedzera huwandu, kuderera latency, uye yakagadziridzwa simba rekushandisa, Wi-Fi 6 inoshandura nzira yatinodyidzana nayo netambo isina waya uye inoisa hwaro hweramangwana rakabatana uye rinoshanda.

4. Maitiro ekugadzirisa uye kuchengetedza Wi-Fi network uchishandisa WPA3 protocol

Wi-Fi network kumisikidzwa uye chengetedzo zvinhu zvakakosha pakuona kugadzikana uye kwakachengeteka kubatana. Nenzira iyi, iyo WPA3 protocol inounzwa seyepamusoro uye yakavimbika sarudzo yekuchengetedza yako isina waya network. Gadzirisa uye chengetedza network yeWi-Fi uchishandisa WPA3 protocol Izvi zvinosanganisira kufunga nezvemamwe matanho akakosha anotsanangurwa pazasi.

1. Gadziridza firmware uye mutyairiUsati watanga kuseta network yeWi-Fi neWPA3, zvakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti firmware yerouter yako uye madhiraivha emudziyo ari kuenderana. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuti dzinosanganisira dzazvino chengetedzo zvigamba uye kuvandudzwa kwekuita.

2. Sarudza WPA3 senzira yekuchengetedza: Paunenge uchiwana zvigadziriso zve router, tsvaga chikamu chekuchengetedzwa kusina wireless uye sarudza WPA3 senzira inosarudzwa. Iyi sarudzo inowanzowanikwa muchikamu chekuchengetedza cheiyo router's WLAN marongero.

3. Gadzira password yakachengetekaKuti uwedzere kuchengetedza yako Wi-Fi network, zvakakosha kuseta yakasimba uye yakasarudzika password. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa musanganiswa wemabhii nezviratidzo zvealphanumeric, uye kudzivirira kushandisa mapassword akajairika kana fungidziro. Ipfungwa yakanakawo kuchinja password yako nguva nenguva uye kudzivirira kuigovana nemapato asina mvumo.

Kumisikidza uye kuchengetedza network yeWi-Fi uchishandisa WPA3 protocol inhanho yakakosha inochengetedza kuchengetedzwa kweruzivo rwemushandisi uye kuvanzika. Nekutevera matanho ataurwa pamusoro, unogona kumisikidza yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika isina waya yekubatanidza yekunetseka-isina internet yekuwana. Rangarira kuti kuchengetedzeka kwenetiweki ibasa rakagovaniswa, saka zvakakosha kuti ugare uchienderana neazvino maitiro ekuchengetedza uye kusimudzira kuita kwavo pakati pevashandisi venetiweki.

5. WEP yekukurukurirana protocol: matambudziko ekuchengetedza uye mazano

Iyo WEP yekutaurirana protocol (Wired Equivalent Privacy) seti yezviyero zvekuchengetedza zvinoshandiswa mumatiweki eWi-Fi kuchengetedza kuvanzika uye kutendeseka kwe data rakafambiswa. Kunyangwe iri imwe yemaprotocol ekutanga kugadzirwa, WEP yakashoropodzwa nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwayo kwakawanda. Iye zvino, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa mamwe akasimba ekuchengetedza maprotocol,⁤ akadai seWPA kana WPA2, pachinzvimbo cheWEP.

Imwe yematambudziko akakosha ane chekuita neWEP kushandisa kwayo kiyi yekuvharira static, zvichireva kuti kiyi imwe chete inoshandiswa kuvharidzira data rese rinofambiswa pane network. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kune vanorwisa nekuti kana vangowana kutonga kwekiyi, vanogona kubvisa ruzivo rwese. Pamusoro pezvo, WEP inoshandisa encryption algorithm inonzi RC4, iyo yakaratidzawo kuve panjodzi kune kumwe kurwiswa.

Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kweWi-Fi network, zvinokurudzirwa kutevera zvimwe recommendations zvakananga. Chekutanga, zvakakosha kuti ugare uchichinja kiyi yako yekuchengetedza network kuti zviome kubata data rako. Izvo zvakare zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa mamwe epamberi ekuchengetedza mapuroteni, akadai seWPA2, ayo anopa dziviriro yakakura kubva mukurwiswa. Izvo zvakakoshawo kudzikamisa network kuwana kune ane mvumo zvishandiso chete uye kushandisa MAC mafirita uye firewall kudzivirira kupinda kusingatenderwe.

6. Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac) protocol: kushanda uye kuenderana kwechigadzirwa

Iyo Wi-Fi 5 protocol, inozivikanwawo se802.11ac, iwaya yekutaurirana tekinoroji inopa kuvandudzwa kwekuita zvichienzaniswa nevakaitangira. Iyi protocol inoshandisa mafrequency e 5 GHz kufambisa data nekumhanya kwepamusoro uye nekubudirira kukuru. MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) tekinoroji inobvumira akawanda data hova kuti ifambiswe panguva imwe chete, nekudaro inovandudza network bandwidth uye kugona. Mukuwedzera, iyo Wi-Fi 5 protocol ndiyo inowirirana⁢ nemidziyo dzakapfuura dzinoshandisa 802.11a/b/g/n maprotocol, ayo anovimbisa kudyidzana uye anobvumira shanduko yakanaka kune iyi tekinoroji nyowani.

El kushanda Kuita kweWi-Fi 5 kuri kukwirisa zvichienzaniswa neshanduro dzayo dzakapfuura. Nekumhanya kweanosvika 1.3 Gbps, inokwanisa kubata basa rinorema uye rinoda maapplication, senge 4K vhidhiyo kutenderera kana mutambo wepamhepo. Beamforming tekinoroji inonatsiridza mhando yechiratidzo nekuiisa pamidziyo yakabatana, zvichikonzera kugadzikana kukuru kwetiweki uye huwandu. Izvi zvinoreva zvirinani mushandisi ruzivo, nekukanganisa kushoma uye nekukurumidza kwekubatanidza kumhanya.

La kuenderana kwemidziyo chinhu chakakosha cheiyo Wi-Fi 5 protocol. Kunyangwe iri tekinoroji nyowani, yakagadzirirwa kuve kumashure inoenderana nemidziyo inoshandisa iyo 802.11a/b/g/n protocol. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hazvisi zvese zvigadziriso pane network zvinoda kukwidziridzwa kuti zvinakidze zvikomborero zveWi-Fi 5. Vashandisi vanogona kutora mukana weprotocol pamidziyo inoitsigira, nepo midziyo yekare icharamba ichishanda zvakanaka. Uku kuchinjika mukuenderana kune mukana wakakura, sezvo zvisingade mari yakakura mumidziyo mitsva uye inobvumira shanduko yakatsetseka kune iyi tekinoroji nyowani.

7. Kukosha kwekuchengetedza maprotocol ekuchengetedza anoenderana neazvino paWi-Fi network

Chengetedzo paWi-Fi network kwakakosha zvakanyanya, sezvo akawanda uye akawanda maturusi akabatana kwavari uye data inonzwisisika inofambiswa pamusoro pavo. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kweruzivo uye kudzivirira kurwiswa kungangoitika, zvakakosha kuchengetedza maprotocol ekuchengetedza kusvika parizvino. Wi-Fi kutaurirana uye network maprotocol ndiwo akatemerwa mazinga anobvumira kubatana uye kuendesa data. nenzira yakachengeteka.. Aya maprotocol anogara achishanduka kuti aenderane nenjodzi nyowani nekutyisidzira.

Imwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa maprotocol muWi-Fi network iWPA2, inoshandisa AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) encryption kuchengetedza ruzivo rwunofambiswa. Zvisinei, Chengetedzo yeprotocol iyi yakakanganiswa mumakore achangopfuura nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwakawanikwa. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kugadzirisa maprotocol ekuchengetedza kuti ave nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kukuru.

Pamusoro peWPA2, kune mamwe maprotocol ekuchengetedza akadai seWPA3, iyo yakagadziridzwa kusimbisa kuchengetedzwa muWi-Fi network. Iyi protocol nyowani inopa dziviriro yakakura kubva pakurwiswa kwechisimba uye kuba password.Izvo zvakakosha kuti ugare pamusoro pezvigadziriso uye kutora mitsva yekuchengetedza mapuroteni kuchengetedza zvishandiso zvedu uye data paWi-Fi network.

8. Alternative communication protocols in wireless networks: Zigbee uye Z-Wave

Kukurukurirana Protocols uye Wi-Fi Network

Mune ino post, isu tichaongorora maviri maprotocol ekutaurirana dzimwe nzira mumawireless network: Zigbee uye Z-Wave. Aya maprotocol anopa mhinduro nyowani dzekutaurirana pakati pemidziyo muInternet Yezvinhu (IoT) uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira otomatiki kumba uye kumba otomatiki application.

Zigbee Zigbee ishoma-simba, yakaderera-data-rate yekutaurirana protocol. Yakanakira kubatanidza yakaderera-simba zvishandiso, senge ma sensors uye actuators, mune mesh network. Zigbee inoshandisa hierarchical node chimiro, ichibvumira hukuru hukuru uye kuchinjika. Mumambure. Imwe yemabhenefiti akakosha eZigbee kugona kwayo kushivirira kukanganisa, iyo inovimbisa kutaurirana kwakavimbika uye kwakasimba munzvimbo dzisina waya.

Z-Wave, kune rumwe rutivi, iprotocol yekutaurirana yakanyatso gadzirirwa kumba otomatiki application. Iyo yakavakirwa pane mesh network architecture uye inoshandisa frequency ye Narrow band ⁤kunzvenga kupindira nemamwe majaira Wireless. Z-Wave inomira kunze kwekuseta kwayo kuri nyore uye kuenderana kwakafara neyakasiyana siyana yemidziyo yemagetsi epamba. Inopawo kuchengetedzeka kwepamusoro kwekutaurirana, neAES-128 encryption kuchengetedza data rakafambiswa.

9. Maitiro ekugadzirisa yako Wi-Fi network nekuderedza kupindira uye nekuvandudza kuvharika

Para gadzirisa iyo ⁢Wi-Fi network uye kuvandudza kuvharika zvakakosha kuti titarise zvimwe zvinofungwa nezve kutaurirana protocol uye Wi-Fi networkAya maprotocol ndiwo seti yemitemo uye zviyero zvinogonesa kutaurirana pakati pemidziyo yakabatana kunetiweki, kuve nechokwadi chekufambisa uye chemhando yepamusoro data. Kurongeka kwakaringana kweaya maprotocol anogona kubatsira kuderedza kupindira uye kugadzirisa kukurumidza kwekubatanidza uye kuvhara.

Maprotocol anonyanya kushandiswa muWi-Fi network ndeaya 802.11a, ivo 802.11b, the 802.11g,⁢ the 802.11n uye zvichangopfuura 802.11ac. Aya maprotocol anoshanda pane akasiyana mafrequency uye kumhanya, saka zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti uri kushandisa iyo chaiyo protocol kune yega yega mhando yekubatanidza. Semuyenzaniso, 802.11ac inopa kukurumidza kumhanya uye kugona kukuru kubata akawanda maturusi panguva imwe chete, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kunetiweki epamba ane nhamba huru yemidziyo yakabatana.

Chimwe chinhu chekufunga kukwirisa iyo Wi-Fi network isarudzo ye kufambisa chiteshi. Kazhinji, ma router eWi-Fi anouya akagadzirirwa kuti asarudze otomatiki chiteshi, asi ⁢dzimwe nguva panogona kuvhiringwa nemamwe ma router ari pedyo. Kuti udzivise izvi, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uchinje chiteshi iwe pachako uye kushandisa maturusi akadai seWi-Fi spectrum analyzer kuona kuti ndeapi machanera akanyanya kuwanda. Izvi zvichavandudza kuvharika uye kuderedza kukanganiswa pane yako Wi-Fi network.

10. Mazano ekupedzisira ekuona kutaurirana kwakanaka uye kwakachengeteka muWi-Fi network

Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekutaura kwakanaka uye kwakachengeteka muWi-Fi network kushandisa kwakakodzera kutaurirana uye network protocol. Kune akasiyana miitiro yekutaurirana uye maprotocol anoshanda kune Wi-Fi network, senge IEEE 802.11 standard, iyo inotsanangura akasiyana marudzi eWi-Fi, akadai seWi-Fi 4 (802.11n), Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac), uye Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax). Chimwe nechimwe chezviyero izvi chinopa kumhanya kwakasiyana uye hunyanzvi, saka zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti uri kushandisa yazvino uye yemhando yepamusoro inoenderana nemidziyo yauri kushandisa.

Pamusoro peiyo chiyero chekutaurirana, zvakakosha kushandisa maitiro akanaka ekuchengetedza paWi-Fi network. Izvi zvinosanganisira kwete chete kuchengetedza yako Wi-Fi network nepassword yakasimba, asi zvakare kushandisa yakakodzera encryption, yakadai seWPA2 kana WPA3, inodzivirira ruzivo rwunofambiswa pamusoro peWi-Fi network. Izvo zvakakosha kudzivirira kushandisa WEP, yekare, isina kuchengetedzeka encryption. Zvinokurudzirwawo kugara uchichinja password yako yeWi-Fi network uye kushandisa mamwe maturusi echokwadi, senge EAP-TLS kana WPA2-Enterprise, kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwakanyanya.

Imwe kurudziro yekuona kutaurirana kwakachengeteka paWi-Fi network ndeye dzivisa kubatana kune veruzhinji kana kusavimbika Wi-Fi network pasina kushandisa chaiyo VPN (Virtual Private Network). Veruzhinji Wi-Fi network iri panjodzi yekurwiswa, sekubirwa kweruzivo rwemunhu kana phishing. Kushandisa VPN pane yeruzhinji Wi-Fi encrypts yakafambiswa data uye inochengetedza kuvanzika kwako. Zvinokurudzirwawo kumhanyisa zvigadziriso zvesoftware pamidziyo yaunoshandisa kuti ugare uchienderana neazvino kuchengetedza kugadzirisa.