Musiyano pakati peZeeman maitiro uye Stark maitiro

Kugadziridzwa kwekupedzisira: 22/05/2023
Munyori: Sebastian Vidal

Zeeman Mhedzisiro uye Stark Effect

Nyika yefizikisi inonakidza uye yakaoma. Imwe yenyaya dzinonyanya kufadza mukati meiyi nharaunda kupindirana kwemagetsi uye magineti minda munhau. Mupfungwa iyi, iyo Zeeman mhedzisiro uye iyo Stark mhedzisiro zvinhu zviviri zvinoitika kana atomu iri mune magineti uye mundima yemagetsi, zvichiteerana.

Zeeman effect

Mhedzisiro yeZeeman yakawanikwa nenyanzvi yechiDutch yefizikisi Pieter Zeeman muna 1896. Chiitiko ichi chinoitika kana atomu iri munzvimbo yemagineti. Chaizvoizvo, chii chinoitika ndechekuti mitsetse yeatomu inopatsanurwa kuita mitsetse yakati wandei nekuda kwekubatana pakati penguva yemagineti yeatomu uye yekunze magineti. Iyi mitsetse yakanaka kwazvo inozivikanwa seZeeman athari.

Iyo Zeeman mhedzisiro yakakosha kune spectroscopy, sezvo ichibvumira masayendisiti kuyera simba remagineti muzvinhu zvakasiyana. Uyezve, iyo Zeeman mhedzisiro yakakoshawo kune quantum fizikisi uye quantum mechanics, sezvo ichibvumira nyanzvi kuti dzinzwisise zviri nani chimiro chemaatomu uye mabatiro aanoita nenzvimbo yaanogara.

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Stark Effect

Kune rimwe divi, iyo Stark mhedzisiro chiitiko chinoitika kana atomu iri mumunda wemagetsi. Yakawanikwa nenyanzvi yefizikisi yekuGermany Johannes Stark muna 1913. Stark effect inoreva kupatsanurana kwemitsara yeatomu kuita mitsetse yakati wandei nekuda kwekudyidzana pakati penzvimbo yemagetsi nekuchajisa kweatomu.

Iyo Stark mhedzisiro yakakoshawo kune spectroscopy uye quantum fizikisi. Uye zvakare, iyo Stark mhedzisiro inoshandiswa mune dzakasiyana siyana tekinoroji zvikumbiro senge kuvakwa kwechidimbu accelerator uye kuyerwa kweminda yemagetsi mune dzakasiyana siyana zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.

Mhedziso

Sezvataona, iyo Zeeman mhedzisiro uye Stark mhedzisiro zvinhu zviviri zvakakosha mufizikisi. Kunyangwe ese ari maviri ane hukama nekudyidzana pakati pemagineti nemagetsi minda uye nekupatsanurana kweiyo spectral mitsara yemaatomu, pane misiyano yakakosha. Iyo Zeeman mhedzisiro inoitika pamberi peiyo magnetic field uye iyo Stark effect inoitika pamberi penzvimbo yemagetsi. Uyezve, iyo Zeeman mhedzisiro inoreva kubatanidza pakati penguva yemagineti yeatomu uye yekunze magineti, ukuwo iyo Stark mhedzisiro inoreva kudyidzana pakati penzvimbo yemagetsi nekuchajisa kweatomu.

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Mareferensi

  • Alonso, M. (2000). Zvenyama. Addison Wesley Longman.
  • Griffiths, D. J. (1995). Nhanganyaya kune quantum mechanics. Prentice Hall.
  • Ngarava, R. (2019). Zeeman Effect. Yakadzorerwa kubva ku http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/zeeman.html
  • Ngarava, R. (2019). Stark Effect. Yakadzorerwa kubva ku http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/stark.html
  • Sears, F. W. (1955). Optics. Addison Wesley Longman.



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