Encrypt Files

Kuchengetedzeka kwefaira uye kuvanzika zvinhu zvakakosha munyika yedhijitari. Muchiitiko ichi, faira encryption inomira sechinhu chakakosha kuchengetedza kutendeseka uye kuvanzika kweruzivo. Muchinyorwa chino, isu tichanyura mune pfungwa uye matekiniki anosanganisirwa mufaira encryption, pamwe nekukosha kwayo mukuchengetedza data rakavanzika. Tichaongorora nzira dzakasiyana uye algorithms anoshandiswa kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwakasimba, uye kukurukura mabhenefiti nematambudziko anosanganisira maitiro aya. Gadzirira ruzivo rwako rwehunyanzvi, nekuti wave kuda kupinda munyika inonakidza yefaira encryption.

1. Nhanganyaya kune faira encryption: technical aspects uye application

Faira encryption inzira yekuchengetedza inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukombuta kuchengetedza ruzivo rwakavanzika kubva kune kusingatenderwe kuwana. Inosanganisira kushandura zvirimo mufaira rekutanga kuita fomu risingaverengeki, rinozivikanwa seciphertext, kuburikidza nemasvomhu algorithms. Iyi ciphertext inokwanisa chete kudzikiswa neavo vane kiyi chaiyo.

Kune akasiyana encryption algorithms anoshandiswa nhasi, pakati peanonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyeBlock Cipher (seAES) uye Stream Cipher (seRC4). Aya maalgorithms anovimbisa kuti zvirimo zvefaira hazviverengeke uye zvakachengetedzwa kubva pakurwiswa kunobvira. Pamusoro pezvo, kushandiswa kwepassword yakasimba kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kweiyo mafaira akavharirwa.

Faira encryption ine akasiyana maapplication mumunda wekuchengetedza komputa. Imwe yemaapplication akajairika ndeyekutumira data rakadzama paInternet, senge maemail kana zvakabatanidzwa. Nekunyora faira usati waitumira, unova nechokwadi chekuti mugamuchiri ane mvumo chete ndiye anogona kuiwana. Saizvozvo, faira encryption inoshandiswa mukuchengetedza mugore, kuchengetedza ruzivo rwakavanzika kubva pakubvira kunowanikwa pasina mvumo.

2. Encrypt mafaira: zvakajairika nzira uye algorithms

Kune akati wandei maitiro akajairwa uye algorithms ekuvharira mafaera uye kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza ruzivo. Pazasi pane mamwe anonyanya kushandiswa:

1. Kuvharidzira kwakafanana: Iyi nzira inoshandisa kiyi imwechete kuvharidzira uye decrypt mafaira. Imwe yealgorithms inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuchengetedza kwayo uye kushanda kwayo. Kuti uvhare faira neAES, unofanirwa kushandisa kiyi yakavanzika uye inoenderana encryption software.

2. Kuvharidzira kusina kufanana: Kusiyana ne symmetric encryption, iyi nzira inoshandisa kiyi yeruzhinji encrypt iyo faira uye yakavanzika kiyi kuti inyore. Muenzaniso wakakurumbira weasymmetric encryption algorithm ndeyeRSA. Kuti uvhare faira neRSA, unofanirwa kugadzira maviri kiyi (yeruzhinji uye yakavanzika) uye kushandisa software inoenderana.

3. Kukosha kwekuvharidzira mafaira: kuchengetedzwa kwemashoko akajeka

Kukosha kwekuvharidzira mafaera kuri mukuchengetedzwa kwe data rakadzama. Mazuva ano, kugovana ruzivo kwave kwakakosha padanho remunhu uye nehunyanzvi, asi zvaitawo kuti data ive sosi yakakosha kune vanhu vane hutsinye. Faira encryption inoratidzwa semhinduro inoshanda yekuvimbisa kuvanzika uye kutendeseka kweruzivo.

Kunyora faira kunorishandura kuita chimiro chisingaverengeki kune avo vasina mukana weiyo encryption kiyi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyangwe munhu wechitatu akakwanisa kuwana faira racho, haakwanise kudhiropta zvirimo kuti awane ruzivo rwakadzama. Ne encryption, zvinova zvakakosha kushandisa password yakasimba kana kiyi isingafungidzike nyore uye inosangana neyakakurudzirwa kuchengetedza zviyero.

Kune akasiyana maturusi uye nzira dzekuvharira mafaera zvakachengeteka. Dzimwe dzesarudzo dzakakurumbira dzinosanganisira kushandisa encryption software, yakadai seBitLocker, VeraCrypt, kana 7-Zip. Zvishandiso izvi zvinopa mashandiro epamberi uye kuchinjika kukuru kuvharidzira mafaera ega ega uye madhiraivha ese. Pamusoro pezvo, akawanda masisitimu anoshanda anosanganisirawo ekuzvarwa sarudzo dzekunyorera mafaera uye maforodha, ayo anogona kuve nyore kune avo vasingade kuisa imwe software.

4. File Encryption Tools: A Complete Overview

Munguva yedhijitari Mazuva ano, kuchengetedzwa kwemafaira edu kwakakosha zvakanyanya. A zvinobudirira Kuchengetedza dhata redu kubva pakuwanikwa kusingatenderwe kushandisa faira encryption maturusi. Zvishandiso izvi zvinotitendera kushandura mafaera edu kuita chimiro chisingaverengeki kuchengetedza zvirimo.

Kune marudzi akasiyana emafaira encryption maturusi anowanikwa mumusika. Dzimwe dzesarudzo dzakakurumbira dzinosanganisira TrueCrypt, VeraCrypt, uye BitLocker. Zvishandiso izvi zvinopa huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu uye mazinga ekuchengetedza kuti aenderane nezvinodiwa nemushandisi wega wega.

Iyo faira encryption process iri nyore. Kutanga, tinosarudza mafaera atinoda kuvharidzira. Isu tinobva tashandisa yako yakasarudzwa encryption chishandiso kushandura mafaera kuita yakachengeteka fomati. Munguva iyi, isu tichakumbirwa kuseta password kuchengetedza kupinda kune iyo encrypted mafaera. Zvakakosha kusarudza password yakasimba iyo yakaoma kufungidzira. Kana encryption yapera, mafaera anozochengetedzwa uye anogona kuwanikwa zvakare nekuisa iyo chaiyo password.

5. Maitiro ekunyorera mafaira pane akasiyana masisitimu anoshanda

Pane nzira dzakasiyana dzekuvhara mafaira mumasisitimu akasiyana kushanda. Pazasi pane mamwe anonyanya kushandiswa:

1. Mahwindo: PaWindows, sarudzo yakajairika ndeye kushandisa chirongwa cheBitLocker, chinowanikwa mumhando dzehunyanzvi uye dzebhizinesi. sisitimu yekushandisa. Kuti encrypt faira kana dhairekitori, tinya-kurudyi pairi, sarudza iyo "Properties" sarudzo, uye woenda kune "General" tab. Ikoko iwe unowana sarudzo yekuvharira iyo faira. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa yechitatu-bato maturusi seVeraCrypt kana AxCrypt.

2. Mac: Pane macOS anoshanda masisitimu, unogona kushandisa yakavakirwa-mukati encryption ficha inonzi FileVault. Kugonesa FileVault, enda ku "System Preferences," sarudza "Chengetedzo & Yakavanzika," uye woenda kune "FileVault" tab. Dzvanya kukiya kuti uvhure marongero uye wozosarudza iyo "Enable FileVault" sarudzo. Imwe sarudzo yakakurumbira ndeye kushandisa Disk Utility application kugadzira encrypted disk.

3. Linux: PaLinux, yakajairika sarudzo kushandisa iyo GnuPG (GPG) chirongwa kunyora mafaira. Iwe unogona kugadzira makiyi maviri, imwe yeruzhinji uye imwe yakavanzika, uye woshandisa iwo encrypt uye decrypt mafaera. Kunyora faira neGPG, shandisa murairo unotevera mune terminal: gpg --encrypt --recipient destinatario archivo.txt. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa mamwe maturusi seOpenSSL kana EncFS encrypt mafaera paLinux.

6. Cloud File Encryption: Zvakanakira uye Chengetedzo Kufunga

Munyika iri kuwedzera yakabatana yegore, faira encryption yave imwe yeakanyanya kukosha matanho ekuchengetedza kufunga. Encryption inova nechokwadi chekuti mafaera akadzivirirwa kubva pakuona maziso uye anogona kurwiswa necyber. Pazasi, isu tichatarisa mabhenefiti eiyo faira faira encryption uye mamwe akakosha kufunga kuti ave nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwakasimba.

Imwe yemabhenefiti makuru eiyo faira faira encryption kuchengetedza data uye kuvanzika. Kana mafaera akavharidzirwa asati achengetwa mugore, mapato asina kutenderwa echitatu anotadziswa kuwana iwo. Encryption inoshandisa yakaoma algorithms kushandura ruzivo kuita fomati isingaverengeki kune avo vasina yakakodzera decryption kiyi. Nenzira iyi, kunyangwe mafaera akakanganiswa, zvirimo zvinoramba zvisinganzwisisike pasina kiyi yekuvharira.

Imwe mukana ndeyekutendeseka kwemafaira. Encryption inosanganisirawo maitiro ekuona kwekuvimbika, zvichireva kuti chero shanduko isina kutenderwa kana shanduko yemafaira ari mugore inogona kuonekwa. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha pakugovera mafaera nevamwe vashandisi, sezvo chero kuedza kugadzirisa kana kushandura faira kuchaonekwa nekukasira.

7. Faira encryption pane nharembozha: zviyero zvekuchengetedza data

7. Matanho ekudzivirira data pane nharembozha

Kudzivirirwa kwedata panharembozha kwakakosha zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehuwandu hweruzivo rwemunhu uye zvakavanzika zvakachengetwa pamidziyo iyi. Chiyero chinoshanda chekuchengetedza ruzivo urwu ndeye faira encryption, iyo inova nechokwadi chekuti vanhu vane mvumo chete ndivo vanogona kuiwana. Mune ino positi, tinopa mamwe matanho uye matipi ekuchengetedza data rako pane nharembozha.

1. Shandisa faira encryption application: Pane akasiyana maapplication aripo pamusika anobvumidza iwe kunyora encrypt mafaira ako nenzira iri nyore uye yakachengeteka. Aya maapplication anoshandisa epamusoro encryption algorithms kuchengetedza ruzivo rwakachengetwa pachishandiso chako. Tsvaga yakavimbika uye yakasimbiswa application inosangana nezvido zvako.

2. Seta password yakasimba: Ita shuwa kuti unoisa password yakasimba kuti uzarure nharembozha yako. Pasiwedhi yakasimba inofanira kusanganisira musanganiswa wemabhii, manhamba, uye mavara akakosha. Rega kushandisa mapassword ari nyore kufungidzira, akadai sezita rako kana zuva rekuzvarwa. Uyezve, shandisa chokwadi zvinhu zviviri kana zvichibvira, kuwedzera imwe nhanho yekuchengetedza.

8. Faira encryption mu email: kuve nechokwadi chekuvanzika

Mazuva ano, encryption yefaira yave chinhu chinodiwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuvanzika mukutsinhana kweruzivo kuburikidza neemail. Encryption inopa imwezve chengetedzo, kudzivirira zvakabatanidzwa kubva pakubatwa kana kuverengerwa nevanhu vasina mvumo. Pazasi pane matanho ekutevera encrypt mafaera mune email:

1. Shandisa encryption software: Pane akawanda maturusi aripo anokubvumira kuti uvhare mafaira zviri nyore uye zvakachengeteka. Sarudzo yakakurumbira ndeye Zvakavanzika Zvakanaka (PGP), chirongwa chakavhurwa sosi encryption chinoshandisa public key cryptography. Kuti encrypt faira, ingo pinza kiyi yeruzhinji yeanogamuchira uye shandisa encrypt iyo faira.

2. Dzvinyirira uye encrypt mafaira: Imwe nzira yekudzivirira kuvanzika kwemafaira ndeyekumanikidza uye encrypt iwo muZIP file ine password. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuti kunyangwe mafaera akabatwa, haagone kuvhurwa pasina password chaiyo. Chishandiso chinowanzoshandiswa chechinangwa ichi Zipu 7, iyo inobvumira mafaera kuti asimbiswe zviri nyore uye encrypted nepassword yakasarudzwa neanotumira.

9. Kushandisa encryption kune makuru mafaira: matambudziko uye mhinduro

Muzera ranhasi redhijitari, uko chizvarwa uye kugovana kwehuwandu hwe data kwakajairika, zvakakosha kuti uise encryption kune makuru mafaera kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza ruzivo. Zvisinei, iyi nzira inogona kupa matambudziko akawanda nekuda kwekuoma uye nguva inodiwa. Sezvineiwo, kune mhinduro dzinoshanda dzinotitendera kuti tivhare mafaera aya tisingakanganisi kuvimbika kwavo kana kuita kwavo.

Imwe yematambudziko makuru kana encrypting mafaira makuru inguva iyo maitiro anogona kutora. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kweiyo encryption tekinoroji uye maturusi akasarudzika aripo nhasi, tinogona kuwana mhinduro dzinotitendera kuti tikurumidze kuita izvi zvakanyanya. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinogoneka kukwenenzvera mashandiro uchishandisa eccryption algorithms uye kwakakodzera masisitimu.

Rimwe dambudziko rakakura ndere encryption kiyi manejimendi. Kana isu tichishanda nemafaira makuru, zvinodikanwa kuve neiyo yakasimba uye yakachengeteka sisitimu yekugadzira, kuchengeta uye kubata encryption makiyi. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa zvakajairwa maturusi uye maprotocol anosangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza zvinodiwa. Pamusoro pezvo, zvakakosha kumisikidza nzira dzekuwana uye dzakakosha dzekutonga kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti vanhu vane mvumo chete vanogona kuwana mafaera akavharidzirwa.

10. Mashandisiro akasimba makiyi efaira encryption

Faira encryption idanho rakakosha kuchengetedza ruzivo rwakadzama uye kurichengetedza kubva kune zvinogona kutyisidzira. Chinhu chakakosha pakuita uku kushandisa makiyi akachengeteka anovimbisa kushanda kwekunyorera. Heano mamwe matanho ekushandisa makiyi akasimba uye kuwedzera kuchengetedzeka kwemafaira ako.

Danho 1: Dzivisa zvirevo zviri pachena kana fungidziro

• Dzivisa kushandisa ruzivo rwemunhu rwakadai semazita kana mazuva ekuzvarwa.
• Usashandise nhamba kana alfabheti sequences, se "12345" kana "qwerty."
• Sanganisa mavara madiki, makuru, manhamba, uye akakosha mavara kuti ugadzire kiyi yakasimba.

Danho rechipiri: Shandisa mitsara yakavanzika kana password password

• Sarudza mutsara wakasarudzika wakavanzika unongoziva iwe chete. Semuenzaniso, mavambo ezwi rega rega remutsara unoyeukwa.
• Wedzera misiyano pachirevo chezwi, sekuchinjanisa mavara nenhamba kana mavara akakosha.
• Semuenzaniso, "zita rembwa yangu ndiMax" rinogona kushandurwa kuita "M1p3rRO$3l4m4M4x."

Danho rechitatu: Shandisa maneja wepassword

• Maneja epassword anogona kukubatsira kugadzira makiyi akachengeteka uye achengete akavharidzirwa.
• Pamusoro pekushandisa makiyi akaomarara uye asina kurongeka, maneja epassword zvakare anobvumidza iwe kubata nzira yakachengeteka makiyi akawanda emasevhisi akasiyana.
• Paunenge uchisarudza password maneja, ita shuwa kuti ine yakanaka chengetedzo matanho, akadai seakawanda-factor authentication uye ekupedzisira-kusvika-kumagumo encryption.

11. Asymmetric vs. Encryption Symmetric encryption: misiyano uye inokurudzirwa kushandiswa

Asymmetric encryption uye symmetric encryption nzira mbiri dzekunyorera dzinoshandiswa mukuchengetedza ruzivo, asi dzinosiyana mukushanda kwavo uye zvinokurudzirwa maapplication. Symmetric encryption inoshandisa kiyi yakasarudzika kune ese encrypt uye decrypt data, ichiita kuti ikurumidze asi isina kuchengetedzeka kana ichienzaniswa neasymmetric encryption. Kune rimwe divi, asymmetric encryption inoshandisa maviri makiyi akasiyana, imwe yeruzhinji uye imwe yakavanzika, encrypt uye decrypt data, ichipa yakakwira nhanho yekuchengetedza.

Musiyano mukuru pakati penzira mbiri idzi uri munzira iyo kiyi dzinobatwa nayo. Mune symmetric encryption, mapato ese ari munhaurirano anofanirwa kugovera kiyi imwechete, iyo inogona kupa dambudziko maererano nekuchengetedzeka kiyi kugovera. Kune rimwe divi, mune asymmetric encryption, bato rega rega rine makiyi maviri, imwe yeruzhinji uye imwe yakavanzika. Kiyi yeruzhinji inogovaniswa zvakanyanya uye inoshandiswa encrypt data, nepo yakavanzika kiyi inochengetwa yakavanzika uye inoshandiswa kubvisa data.

Nezve mashandisirwo anokurudzirwa, symmetric encryption yakakodzera kana yakakwira encryption uye decryption kumhanya ichidikanwa, senge mukufambiswa kwemavhoriyamu makuru edata. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinobatsira munzvimbo umo makiyi anogona kuchengetedzwa zviri nyore nekugovaniswa pakati pemapato anobatanidzwa, senge pane network yemuno akavimbika. Kune rimwe divi, asymmetric encryption inodiwa kana chengetedzo iri pamberi uye yakachengeteka chiteshi chekuchinjana kiyi haina kuvimbiswa. Inonyanya kukosha mumashandisirwo akadai sechokwadi chemushandisi, siginecha yedhijitari, uye kuchengetedzwa kwedata rakajeka.

12. Kuongorora uye kugadzirisa mafaira akavharidzirwa: maitiro akanaka uye zvishandiso

13. Faira encryption munzvimbo dzebhizimisi: kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwemashoko

Munzvimbo dzebhizinesi, kuchengetedza ruzivo kwakakosha kuchengetedza midziyo yedhijitari. Imwe yematanho anonyanya kushanda ekuona kuvanzika kwemafaira ndeye encryption. Kuvharirwa kwefaira kunosanganisira kushandura ruzivo kuita chimiro chisingaverengeki, chinogona kugadzikwa chete neavo vane mvumo yekuiwana.

Pazasi pane matanho anodiwa kuita faira encryption munzvimbo yebhizinesi. Chekutanga pane zvese, yakavimbika uye yakachengeteka encryption chishandiso inofanira kusarudzwa. Pane akati wandei sarudzo pamusika, mamwe ayo anopa akakosha maficha enzvimbo dzebhizinesi, senge centralized kiyi manejimendi uye yekuwana auditing.

Kana chishandiso chasarudzwa, kuongororwa kwemafaira anoda kuvharwa kunofanirwa kuitwa. Zvinokurudzirwa kuparadzanisa mafaira muzvikamu maererano nehuwandu hwekunzwa kwavo. Semuenzaniso, iwo ane ruzivo rwemari kana data remunhu anofanirwa kugamuchira yakakwira nhanho yekunyorera. Pamusoro pezvo, mitemo yekuwana uye yemvumo inofanirwa kugadzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti vanhu vane mvumo chete ndivo vanokwanisa kubvisa mafaera.

14. Ramangwana refaira encryption: anovimbisa maitiro uye kubudirira

Faira encryption chikamu chakakosha che kuchengetedzeka kwedhijitari, uye remangwana rayo riri kuramba richichinja. Anovimbisa maitiro uye kusimukira mune ino ndima kutsvaga kusimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwedata redu uye kuvimbisa kuvanzika kweruzivo. Pano tichaongorora dzimwe dzenzvimbo dzakakosha dziri kuongororwa pari zvino.

1. Kufambira mberi mu quantum encryption: Quantum encryption yakavakirwa pamisimboti ye quantum mechanics uye inopa kuchengetedzeka kusati kwamboitika. Tsvagiridzo munzvimbo ino yakanangana nekugadzira ane simba uye anoshanda quantum masisitimu anogona kuitwa munzvimbo dzemazuva ese dzekushandisa. Kufambira mberi uku kunogona kushandura faira encryption, ichipa dziviriro yakasimba pakurwisa cyber.

2. Kuvandudzwa kwehungwaru hwekugadzira uye kudzidza muchina: Hungwaru hwekugadzira uye kudzidza kwemichina zviri kuita basa rinowedzera kukosha mukuchengetedza ruzivo. Kubudirira munharaunda ino kunogonesa kuonekwa kwekutanga kwekutyisidzira uye kuzivikanwa kwemaitiro asina kujairika mune encrypted data hova. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira kurwiswa uye kuvandudza kushanda kweiyo encryption masisitimu.

3. Homomorphic encryption: Homomorphic encryption inyanzvi yekuvandudza inobvumira maoparesheni kuti aitwe pane akavharidzirwa data pasina kuibvisa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti data inogona kushandiswa uye kugadziriswa pasina njodzi yekuburitswa pachena. Zviitiko munharaunda ino zvinotsvaga kuvandudza kushanda uye kushanda kwehomomorphic encryption, zvichiita kuti igamuchirwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana, kubva pamafoni ekushandisa kusvika kucloud computing.

Muchidimbu, remangwana refaira encryption rizere nemikana inonakidza. Kufambira mberi muhuwandu hwekunyorera, hungwaru hwekunyepedzera uye kudzidza muchina, pamwe nehomomorphic encryption, kuri kugadzira nzira yekuchengetedzwa kwakanyanya uye kuchengetedzwa kwedata redu. Sezvo zviitiko izvi zviri kuramba zvichishanduka, tinogona kutarisira kuwedzera kwakasimba mwero wedziviriro munyika yedhijitari.

Mukupedzisa, faira encryption chishandiso chakakosha mukuchengetedza ruzivo rwakadzama. Kuburikidza necryptographic algorithms uye kushandiswa kwemakiyi akachengeteka, kuvanzika uye kutendeseka kwedata redu kunovimbiswa.

Faira encryption haingokurudzirwe kumasangano nemabhizinesi chete, asiwo kune vashandisi vega vanoda kuchengetedza ruzivo rwavo rwakachengeteka kubva pakurwiswa kunobvira. Nekuita nemazvo nzira iyi, kuwana kusingabvumidzwe kune zvinyorwa zvedu uye mafaera kunogona kudziviswa, nokudaro kuderedza njodzi dzine chekuita nekurasikirwa kana kuba kweruzivo.

Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kusarudzwa kwealgorithm uye kwakakodzera kiyi manejimendi zvinhu zvakakosha zvekuvimbisa kushanda kwefaira encryption. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinodikanwa kuve nematurusi akavimbika uye software inotipa mazinga anodiwa ekuchengetedza.

Muchidimbu, faira encryption itsika yakakosha mumunda wekuchengetedza ruzivo. Kuitwa kwayo kwakaringana kunotipa runyararo rwepfungwa uye chivimbo tichiziva kuti data redu rakachengetedzwa kubva panjodzi dzinogona kuitika uye njodzi. Mukuwedzera, zvinotibvumira kutevedzera mitemo yekuchengeteka uye zviyero, zvingave pamunhu kana bhizinesi. Hatifanire kurerutsa kukosha kwehunyanzvi uhu, sezvo kushandisa kwayo chaiko kwakakosha kuchengetedza kuvanzika uye kutendeseka kweruzivo rwedu munzvimbo iri kuwedzera yedhijitari.