Maitiro ekuisa CUDA paWindows pasina zvikanganiso: gwara revagadziri uye vagadziri

Kuisa CUDA paWindows Hazvifanirwe kuve musoro kana uchiziva pekutangira uye chekutarisa pane imwe neimwe nhanho. Muchikamu chino ini ndichakutungamirira nenzira inoshanda, iine ese nuances yekuenderana, kuisirwa, kuonesa uye kwakajairwa kugadzirisa matambudziko kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti toolkit inoshanda nemazvo pakombuta yako kekutanga.

Pamusoro pekuvhara iyo yekare Toolkit yekumisikidza paWindows, iwe uchaona zvakare mashandisiro eCUDA neWSL, isa neConda kana pip, unganidza mienzaniso neVisual Studio, uye unzwisise akasiyana NVIDIA madhiraivha modhi paWindows. Ruzivo rwakabatana uye ruchienderana nenguva. Zvichienderana nemadhairekitori epamutemo uye chaiwo-ehupenyu mamiriro anogona kuitika kwauri, senge laptop ine hybrid AMD iGPU + NVIDIA dGPU GPU.

Chii chinonzi CUDA uye chii chainopa muWindows?

CUDA Ndiyo NVIDIA's parallel programming platform uye modhi inobvumira mhanyisa maapplication neGPUKubva kuAI uye sainzi yedata kusvika kufananidziro uye kugadzirisa mifananidzo. Padanho rinoshanda, kuisa iyo CUDA Toolkit paWindows inokupa iwe nvcc compiler, nguva yekumhanya, maraibhurari akadai secuBLAS, cuFFT, cuRAND, uye cuSOLVER, kugadzirisa uye maturusi ekunyora, uye akagadzirira-kuunganidza mienzaniso.

Iyo CUDA dhizaini inoita kuti zvive nyore kusanganisa CPU neGPU mune imwechete application: zvikamu serial mu processor uye zvikamu zvakafanana paGPU, izvo zvinopa mazana kana zviuru zveshinda dzinomhanya dzakafanana. Nekuda kwekugovaniswa pa-chip memory uye akakwenenzverwa maraibhurari, kusvetuka kwekuita Inowanzoonekwa pasi pemitoro yakaoma.

System uye compiler kuenderana muWindows

Usati washandisa installer, zvinokurudzirwa kutarisa kuenderana. Inoenderana Windows Zvichangoburwa shanduro dzeturusi dzinosanganisira: Windows 11 24H2, 23H2 uye 22H2-SV2; Windows 10 22H2; uye Windows Server 2022 uye 2025.

Mune compilers, yakajairika rutsigiro inosanganisira MSVC 193x ine Visual Studio 2022 17.x uye MSVC 192x ine Visual Studio 2019 16.x, ine C++11, C++14, C++17, uye C++20 dialects (zvichienderana neshanduro). Visual Studio 2015 yakaderedzwa muCUDA 11.1; VS 2017 yakaderedzwa mu12.5 uye yakabviswa muna 13.0. Tarisa matrix chaiwo evhezheni yako kudzivirira kutyisa.

Yakakosha kumapurojekiti enhaka: Kutanga neCUDA 12.0, 32-bit kuunganidzwa kunobviswa, uye kuurayiwa kwe32-bit x86 binaries pa x64 masisitimu kunogumira mutyairi, quart uye masvomhu paGeForce GPUs kusvika kuAda architecture; Hopper haisisiri kutsigira 32 bits.

Sarudza uye isa iyo Toolkit paWindows

Dhawunirodha iyo yekuisa kubva kune yepamutemo NVIDIA CUDA webhusaiti. Unogona kusarudza Network Installer (kudhawunirodha kudiki kunoshandisa internet kune vamwe) kana Full Installer (zvese mupakeji imwe chete, inobatsira michina isina network kana bhizinesi deployments). Mushure mekudhawunirodha, simbisa kuvimbika necheki (semuenzaniso, MD5) kuti ubvise huwori.

Mhanya iyo graphical installer uye tevera pa-screen matanho. Verenga Zvinyorwa Zvekuburitswa zveshanduro yako nekuti inotsanangura shanduko, kunyatsoenderana, uye yambiro yakakosha. Kutanga neCUDA 13, iyo Toolkit installer haichasanganisi mutyairi. Iyo NVIDIA mutyairi inoiswa zvakasiyana. kubva papeji yevatyairi inoenderana.

Kuisa chinyararire uye kusarudzwa kwechikamu

Kana iwe uchida kuendesa chinyararire, mugadziri anogamuchira interface-shoma modhi ine -s sarudzo uye inobvumira sarudza madiki madiki nezita pane kuisa zvose. Iwe unogona zvakare kudzivirira otomatiki restarts ne -n. Iyi granularity inobatsira kugadzirisa nzvimbo dzekuvaka uye kuderedza tsoka yako.

Pakati peakajairwa subpackages iwe unowana zvinhu zvakaita se nvcc, cudart, cuBLAS, cuFFT, cuRAND, cuSOLVER, cuSPARSENsight Compute, Nsight Systems, Visual Studio kubatanidzwa, NVRTC, NVTX, NVJitLink, denglers, uye zvinoshandiswa zvakaita secuobjdump kana nvdisasm. Kana iwe uchizogadzira uye profil, sarudza maturusi eNsightKana iwe uchingomhanyisa, nguva yekumhanya inogona kukwana.

Bvisa iyo installer uye ongorora zviri mukati

Pakuongorora kana kurongedza kwemakambani, iyo yekuisa yakazara inogona kubviswa uchishandisa LZMA-inotsigira maturusi akadai 7-Zip kana WinZip. Iwe uchawana iyo CUDAToolkit muti uye modules Visual Studio yekubatanidza mafaera anoiswa mumafolda akasiyana. Iwo .dll uye .nvi mafaera ari mumaforodha haasi chikamu chezvinogoneka zvemukati.

Isa CUDA paWindows neConda

Kana iwe uchida kubata nharaunda neConda, NVIDIA inoburitsa mapakeji pa anaconda.org/nvidia. Kuiswa kwekutanga kweToolkit Zvinoitwa nemurairo mumwechete, `conda install`, uye unogonawo kugadzirisa shanduro dzakapfuura nekuwedzera `release` tag, semuenzaniso, kukiya muvhezheni 11.3.1. bvisa Zvakangonangawo.

Isa CUDA kuburikidza nepip (mavhiri)

NVIDIA inopa Python mavhiri akatarisana neCUDA nguva yekumhanya yeWindows. Ivo vanonyanya kuitirwa uchishandisa CUDA nePython uye hazvibatanidzi maturusi akazara ekusimudzira. Kutanga, isa nvidia-pyindex saka pombi inoziva iyo NVIDIA NGC index, uye ita shuwa kuti une pip uye setuptools yakagadziridzwa kudzivirira zvikanganiso. Wobva waisa metapackages iyo yaunoda, senge nvidia-cuda-runtime-cu12 kana nvidia-cublas-cu12.

Aya metapackages anotarisa chaiwo mapakeji akadai senvidia-cublas-cu129, nvidia-cuda-nvrtc-cu129, nvidia-npp-cu129, nevamwe. Rangarira kuti nharaunda inotungamirwa nepip.Kana iwe uchida kushandisa CUDA kunze kweiyo virtualenv, iwe unozofanirwa kugadzirisa masisitimu nzira uye zvinosiyana kuti ubatanidze nemazvo.

Simbisa kuiswa paWindows

Vhura chirevo chekuraira uye mhanya nvcc -V kusimbisa iyo yakaiswa vhezheni. Gadzira iyo CUDA Samples Dhawunirodha iyo mienzaniso kubva kuGitHub uye uvagadzirire neVisual Studio. Mhanya mudziyoQuery uye bandwidthTest: kana paine kutaurirana kwakabudirira neGPU, uchaona mudziyo waonekwa uye kukunda miedzo Hapana kukanganisa. Kana mudziyoQuery ukasawana zvishandiso, tarisa mutyairi uye kuti GPU inoonekwa muhurongwa.

WSL ine CUDA kukurumidza

Windows 11 uye shanduro dzichangoburwa dze Windows 10 tsigiro inomhanyisa CUDA-yakawedzera ML masimusi uye zvishandiso mukati meWSL, kusanganisira. PyTorch, TensorFlow uye Docker Uchishandisa NVIDIA Container Toolkit, tanga waisa CUDA-inogonesa mutyairi muWSL, wozogonesa WSL uye isa glibc kugovera seUbuntu kana Debian.

Ita shuwa kuti une WSL kernel yakagadziridzwa (minimum 5.10.43.3). Zvitarise nayo Shandisa `wsl cat /proc/version` kubva kuPowerShell. Wobva watevera iyo CUDA mushandisi gwara muWSL kuti uise maraibhurari nemidziyo uye wotanga kumhanya yako Linux workflows paWindows usingasiye nharaunda yako.

Uninstall CUDA paWindows

Mushure mekuisa CUDA paWindows, unoda kudzokera kune yakapfuura vhezheni? Yese subpackages inogona kudzoserwa. Uninstall kubva Control Panel Kushandisa Zvirongwa uye Zvimiro. Kana iwe ukagadzirisa kit yezvishandiso neConda kana pip, shandisa maneja ega ega ekubvisa masisitimu kudzivirira kusiya chero pasuru yasara.

Shanduro kuenderana manotsi

CUDA 11.8 yaive yakakurumbira kuburitswa nekuda kwekugadzikana kwayo uye ecosystem rutsigiro. Zvakajairika zvinodiwa Ye11.8: GPU ine Compute Kugona 3.0 kana kupfuura, 64-bit, shoma 8 GB ye RAM uye inokwana 4 GB yeGPU ndangariro. PaLinux, inobatanidza zvakanaka nekugovera kwakadai seUbuntu 18.04/20.04, RHEL/CentOS 7/8, nezvimwe.

CUDA 12.x inosuma nguva yekumhanya uye kuvandudzwa kwemaraibhurari uye inosundidzira zvinoenderana ne vatyairi vazvinoCUDA 13 inoparadzanisa zvachose mutyairi kubva kune Toolkit installer: yeuka kuisa mutyairi iwe pachako. Kujekeswa kwakakoshaCUDA iNVIDIA tekinoroji uye inoda NVIDIA GPUs; kana iwe ukaona chero kupi kuti inoenderana ne AMD GPUs, izvo hazvina kunaka kune iyo CUDA stack.

Kuisa CUDA paWindows: Troubleshooting Common Matambudziko

• Iyo yekuisa inotadza kana kusapedza basa.Tarisa matanda ekuisa uye simbisa yako antivirus, disk nzvimbo, uye admin mvumo. Edza zvakare neFull Installer kana network isina kugadzikana, kana mumodhi yakanyarara kana paine kusawirirana kweUI.
• mudziyoQuery hauone iyo GPUTarisa kuti mutyairi akarurama, kuti GPU iri kushanda, uye kuti app iri kushandisa dGPU. Gadzirisa mutyairi uye dzorera Toolkit kana zvichidiwa.
• Kunetsana nezvitoro zvemabhukuKana uine akawanda maturusi ekushandisa akaiswa, simbisa CUDA_PATH uye PATH. MuPython, tarisa kuti PyTorch kana TensorFlow shanduro uye zvigadziriso zvadzo zvinoenderana neCUDA/cuDNN vhezheni yako.
• Visual Studio haina kuunganidza .cuWedzera iyo CUDA Vaka Magadzirirwo kupurojekiti yako womaka iyo .cu mafaera seCUDA C/C++. Tarisa kuti MSVC inoenderana neturusi rako.

Zvishandiso, sampuli uye zvinyorwa

Pamusoro penvcc nemaraibhurari, iyo Toolkit yekuisa CUDA paWindows inosanganisira profiles uye analyzers seNsight Systems uye Nsight Compute, uye HTML/PDF zvinyorwa zveCUDA C ++ mutauro uye. maitiro ari naniMienzaniso yepamutemo iri paGitHub uye ndiyo hwaro hwakanakisa hwekusimbisa vatyairi, ndangariro mashandiro, uye akawanda processors.

Nguva yekushandisa Conda kana pip maringe neiyo classic installer

Conda uye pip zvakanakira kana tarisiro yako iri pakumhanyisa ML masisitimu ayo atove pasuru kutsamira anoenderana neakananga CUDA shanduro. KubatsiraKusarudzika kwezvakatipoteredza uye kushoma kukweshana. Zvakaipa: Kune yekuzvarwa C ++ kusimudzira kana kusanganisa kwakazara neVS, iyo yakasarudzika Toolkit yekuisa inopihwa. maturusi ese uye ruzivo rwakakwana.

Quick FAQ

• Ndinoziva sei kana GPU yangu iri CUDA inoenderana? Vhura Dhidhiyo Maneja, enda kuRatidza adapta, uye tarisa modhi; enzanisa neNVIDIA's official list yeCUDA GPUs. Iwe unogona zvakare kumhanya nvidia-smi uye simbisa izvozvo GPU yako inooneka.
• Ndinogona kudzidzisa pasina CUDA? Hongu, ichashanda paCPU, asi ichanonoka. Kuti ushandise iyo GPU nePyTorch kana TensorFlow paWindows, ita shuwa kuti waisa zvinoenderana zvinovaka neshanduro yako yeCUDA kana shandisa WSL ine NVIDIA midziyo.
• MaBhaibheri ekare chaiwoMamwe maturusi anoda misanganiswa seCUDA 10.1 ine cuDNN 7.6.4. Kana zvakadaro, isa iwo chaiwo mavhezheni uye isa iyo DLL ye cuDNN mubhini folda yeinoenderana toolkit, kudzivirira kuva akawanda cuDNNs panguva imwe chete.

Kana iwe uchitsvaga kuisa CUDA paWindows uye nekumhanyisa basa rako negwara rakazara, matanho uye kurudziro pamusoro zvinokubatsira kuti zvese zviitwe. Inokwana segirovhosi. kubva pakugadzirwa kwekutanga.