Computer Networks: Zvavari, network mhando uye zvinhu

ari makomputa network Vakave jira rinobatanidza hupenyu hwedu hwedhijitari. Aya akabatana masisitimu e computers uye midziyo inogonesa kuchinjisa isina musono data, kushandura nzira yatinotaurirana, kushanda uye kuwana ruzivo. Asi chii chaizvo chinonzi makomputa network uye anoshanda sei?

Muchidimbu, network yekombuta seti yemakomputa masisitimu akabatana kune mumwe nemumwe kuburikidza nenhevedzano yewaya kana isina waya. Aya masisitimu anogovera ruzivo muchimiro che mapaketi edatha, inofambiswa kuburikidza nemagetsi emagetsi, mafungu emagetsi emagetsi kana dzimwe nzira dzemuviri. Mafungiro ari shure kwekuchinjana uku haana kunyanya kusiyana nemamwe maitiro anozivikanwa ekutaurirana: pane a wokutepfenyurisa, UN receptor, UN shoko uye nzira yekuifambisa, pamwe chete nenhevedzano yekodhi kana maprotocol anovimbisa kunzwisisa kwayo.

Benefits yemacomputer network

Makombuta network inopa akawanda mabhenefiti munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana. Nekuva nemakombuta anetiweki, zvinogoneka:

• Gadzira kutaurirana kwemukati kunoshanda
• Govera nzvimbo yekupinda Internet
• Manage peripherals senge printers y scanner nechepakati
• Tumira data uye mafaera nekukurumidza pasina kudiwa kweyechipiri yekuchengetedza zvishandiso

Zvese izvi zvinowanikwa nekuda kwemaitiro ekutaurirana akadai TCP / IP, izvo zvinobvumira makombiyuta akasiyana kuti "ataure" mutauro wakafanana.

Mhando dzemakomputa network

Makomputa network akaiswa muzvikamu zvinoenderana nehukuru hwayo uye chiyero:

1. LAN netiweki (Local Area Network): Aya madiki network, seaya aripo mumba kana muhofisi diki.
2. MAN network (Metropolitan Area Network): Vanovhara nzvimbo yakakura, senge yunivhesiti kana kambani hombe.
3. WAN network (Wide Area Network): Aya ndiwo makuru makuru, seInternet, anobatanidza makomputa pasi rose.

Pamusoro pezvo, ma network anogona kukamurwa zvinoenderana neiyo yekubatanidza tekinoroji inoshandiswa:

• Kutungamira midhiya netiweki: Vanoshandisa tambo, senge dzakamonyoroka pair, coaxial tambo kana fiber optics, kubatanidza makomputa.
• Unguided media network: Vanoshandisa nzira dzisina waya, senge mafungu eredhiyo, infrared kana microwaves, kutanga kutaurirana.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zve network network

Kuti network yekombuta ishande nemazvo, zvinhu zvakakosha zvakati wandei zvinodiwa:

Element	Descripcion
Servers	Makomputa anogadzirisa kuyerera kwedata uye nepakati kutonga kwetiweki.
Vatengi kana nzvimbo dzekushandira	Makombiyuta ari chikamu chetiweki uye anobvumira vashandisi kuwana zviwanikwa zvinotungamirirwa nevhavha.
kutapurirana media	Wiring kana mafungu emagetsi anobvumira kutapurirana ruzivo.
Hardware zvinhu	Zvikamu zvemuviri senge network makadhi, modem, marouters uye anodzokorora antenna anochengetedza kubatana.
Software zvinhu	Zvirongwa zvakaita seNetwork Operating System (NOS) uye maprotocol ekutaurirana anobvumira kushanda nekuchengetedza network.

Network Topology: Interconnection Models

Network topology inoreva iyo yekubatanidza modhi zvinoenderana nekwakarongwa hukama pakati pevatengi nemaseva. Pane matatu makuru modhi:

1. Linear kana bhazi topology: Sevha iri pamusoro wetiweki uye vatengi vanogoverwa pamwe nemutsara, vachigovana imwe nzira yekutaurirana inonzi bhazi kana musana.
2. nyeredzi topology: Sevha iri pakati petiweki uye mutengi wega wega ane chinongobatana chete. Kutaurirana kwese pakati pemichina kunofanirwa kutanga kwapfuura nesevha.
3. Mhete kana denderedzwa topology: Michina yese yakabatana mudenderedzwa, mukusangana nevepedyo uye pamatemu akaenzana, kunyangwe sevha inochengetedza hutungamiriri hwayo.

Munzvimbo inowedzera yakabatana, kunzwisisa kushanda uye kukosha kwemakomputa network kwakakosha. Aya madhijitari haangofambisi kutaurirana uye kugovana ruzivo chete, asi zvakare anoisa hwaro hwehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji hunoshandura mararamiro nekushanda kwatinoita. Sezvo isu tichienda kune ramangwana riri kuwedzera kudhijitari, network yemakomputa icharamba ichiita basa rakakosha mukuvaka nyika yakabatana uye inoshanda.

Kana iwe uchida kuzama zvakadzama mundima inonakidza yemakomputa network, tinokurudzira kuongorora zvinotevera zviwanikwa:

• Networking Basics - Cisco
• Nhanganyaya kune network - IBM
• Networking muWindows Server - Microsoft

Kuenderera mberi nekudzidza uye kuchinjika kune hutsva tekinoroji ndiko kwakakosha kuti urambe uri pamberi mundima iyi inonakidza.