Nzira yekutanga motokari?
Kutanga motokari kungaita sechinhu chakareruka, asi kune avo vasina kujairana nemaitiro ehunyanzvi, zvinogona kunge zvakaoma. Munyaya ino, tichatsanangura nhanho nhanho kutanga sei mota zvakanaka uye zvakachengeteka. Kubva pakuisa kiyi mukubatidza kusvika pakumhanyisa injini, tinokutungamirira kuburikidza nemaitiro aya kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti unogona kutanga mota yako pasina dambudziko.
Danho 1: Kugadzirira
Usati watanga motokari, zvakakosha kuita urongwa hwekugadzirira. Chekutanga, tarisa kuti uri panzvimbo yakachengeteka uye kuti motokari haina kwayakarerekera here kana kuti iri panzvimbo yakakodzera. Tevere, ita shuwa kuti tsoka yako yakatsikirirwa pabhureki pedal uye bhureki rekupaka radzimwa. Zvakare, tarisa kuti zvese zvemotokari zvakadzimwa, senge maraiti, redhiyo uye mhepo yekufemesa. Aya matanho ekugadzirira akakosha kuti ave nechokwadi chekutanga-up.
Danho rechipiri: Kuisa kiyi
Kana wapedza kugadzirira, isa kiyi mumoto unobatidza moto. Iyo ignition inowanzowanikwa pane yepamberi, padyo nevhiri. Isa kiyi zvakasimba uye pasina kuimanikidza. Zvadaro tendeutsa newachi kusvika wasvika pakanzi "ON". Mune chinzvimbo ichi, chiridzwa chinovhenekera uye iwe unogona kuona kuti zviratidzo zvemotokari uye mwenje zviri kushanda.
Danho 3: Kutanga injini
Kamwe kiyi iri mu "ON" chinzvimbo, wagadzirira kutanga injini. Dzvanya kiyi zvishoma kurudyi kusvika wasvika pa "TANGA" chinzvimbo. Bata kiyi munzvimbo iyi kusvika wanzwa ruzha rweinjini ichitanga. Kana injini ikasatanga nekukurumidza, usadzorere kiyi kakawanda, izvi zvinogona kukuvadza bhatiri remota. Edza zvakare mushure memasekonzi mashoma.
Nekutevera matanho ari nyore aya, uchakwanisa kutanga mota yako nemazvo uye zvakachengeteka. Nguva dzose yeuka kutarisa bhuku remuridzi wemotokari yako, sezvo nzira dzinogona kusiyana kubva kune imwe modhi kuenda kune imwe. Uye zvakare, zvakakosha kuita zvakanaka kugadzirisa mota kuti ive nechokwadi chekudzima uye kurebesa hupenyu hweinjini. Iye zvino wagadzirira kunakidzwa nekutyaira kwako!
1. Nhanganyaya yekutsva kwemota
Chikamu chekutanga: iyo iginition system
The ignition process yemotokari Zvakakosha kutanga injini uye kutanga kunakidzwa nerwendo. Kuti unzwisise chiito ichi, zvinodikanwa kuti unzwisise mota yekubatidza system. Iyi System inoumbwa neakati wandei makiyi makiyi, senge bhatiri, starter, distributor, uye spark plugs. Bhatiri rinopa simba remagetsi rinodiwa kuti riite mota yekutangisa, iyo inozoisa crankshaft mukufamba. Mugoveri ane basa rekutumira magetsi kune spark plugs, achigadzira spark inodiwa kupisa musanganiswa wemafuta emhepo. Muchidimbu, iyo ignition system inoteedzana yezviitiko zvinokonzeresa kana kiyi yekubatidza yatenderedzwa.
Chikamu chechipiri: matanho ekutanga ekutanga mota
Zvino zvatava kuziva zvikamu zveiyo ignition system, ngatitarisei matanho ekutanga ekutanga mota. Kutanga, ita shuwa kuti mota haina kwayakarerekera uye mabhureki ekupaka abatwa. Wobva waisa kiyi mukiyi yekudzima uye woishandura wachi kuenda ku "ON" chinzvimbo. Izvi zvinobvumira magetsi kuyerera kuburikidza nemagetsi emoto. Tevere, dzvanya kiyi yeku “TANGA” woisunungura kana injini yanyatsotanga. Chekupedzisira, siya iri pa“ON” kuitira kuti sisitimu irambe ichipa simba kune zvinodikanwa zvemotokari.
Chikamu Chechitatu: Chengetedzo uye Mazano Anobatsira
Kutanga motokari kungaita sechinhu chiri nyore, asi nguva dzose zvakakosha kutora matanho ekuchengetedza kuchengetedza uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemotokari Usati waedza kutanga motokari, chengetedza kuti hapana zvipingamupinyi zvakapoteredza motokari uye kuti nzvimbo yacho akachengeteka. Zvakare, ita shuwa kuti une mafuta akakwana, sezvo kuedza kutanga injini nemafuta mashoma kunogona kukuvadza hurongwa hwekubatidza. Kana motokari ikasatanga mushure mekuedza kwakati wandei, panogona kunge paine dambudziko rakakura uye zvinodikanwa kutsvaga rubatsiro rwenyanzvi. Gara uchiyeuka kutevedzera kurudziro yemugadziri uye chengetedza kuchengetedza kwakanaka kweiyo ignition system kudzivirira matambudziko mune ramangwana.
2. Kutarisa hurongwa hwekudzima usati watanga injini
Usati watanga injini yemotokari yako, zvakakosha kuita iyo ignition system check. Izvi zvinokutendera iwe kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvese zvinodiwa zvikamu zviri iri mumamiriro akanaka uye kushanda nemazvo. Tevedza nhanho idzi kuti uve nechokwadi chekubudirira bhutsu uye kudzivirira matambudziko emangwana:
1. Ongorora ma spark plugs: Iyo spark plugs ine basa rekubatidza mafuta muhumburumbira yega yega. Tarisa kuti haana kusvibiswa, akasakara kana kukuvara. Kana zvichidiwa, zvichenese kana kuzvitsiva. Rangarira kutarisawo spark plug waya, kuve nechokwadi kuti ari muchimiro chakanaka uye akabatana nemazvo.
2. Tarisa bhatiri: Bhatiri rinopa simba rinodiwa kutanga injini. Tarisa kuti yakachajwa zvakanaka here uye kuti materminals akachena uye akagadziridzwa zvakanaka. Kana bhatiri riine matambudziko, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uende naro kune hunyanzvi sevhisi yekutarisa uye pakupedzisira kutsiva.
3. Tarisa iyo electronic ignition system: Kana motokari yako iine magetsi ekudzimisa moto, ona kuti iri kushanda nemazvo. Tarisa zvikamu, senge crankshaft chinzvimbo sensor kana ignition module, yekukuvara kana kupfeka. Kana ukaona dambudziko ripi, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uende kunyanzvi kunogadzirisa kana kuchinjwa.
3. Matanho ekutanga mota ine manual transmission
Kutanga motokari ine manual transmission Inzira zviri nyore asi zvinoda kunyatsojeka uye ruzivo. Zvadaro, tichakuratidza matanho ekutevera kutanga mota yako pasina zvipingaidzo. Gara uchiyeuka kutevera mirairo yemugadziri uye shandisa kungwarira paunotanga injini.
1. Dzvanya clutch pedal: Usati watanga mota, iva nechokwadi chekudzvanya clutch pedal nzira yese neruboshwe rwako. Iyi nhanho yakakosha kumisa iyo clutch system uye kubvumira kutanga. Nekuchengeta pedal yakaora mwoyo, tinodzivirira injini kubva pakubatanidza zvakananga kune kutapurirana, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa.
2. Ita shuwa kuti bhureki rekupaka rakabatidzwa: Zvakakosha kugara uchitarisa kana bhureki rekupaka rakaitwa usati watanga injini. Izvi zvinodzivirira mota kuti isafambe kamwe kamwe painotanga. Handbrake inowanzowanikwa pakati pezvigaro zvemutyairi nevatambi, zvinoda kuti lever ikwidzwe kuti iite kuti ishande.
3. Shandura kiyi newachi: Kana wapedza nhanho dzakapfuura, isa kiyi mukati mekudzimisa uye shandura iyo wachi. Bata pasi clutch uchibatidza kiyi. Nokuita kudaro, injini ichapa zviratidzo zvehupenyu uye inotanga kutendeuka. Kamwe injini inotanga zvizere, unogona kusunungura zvishoma nezvishoma clutch kuitira kuti motokari itange kufamba.
4. Ignition process mumotokari dzine automatic transmission
Kutanga mota ine otomatiki kutapurirana inzira yakapusa asi inodiwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye kwakaringana kutanga kwemotokari. Usati watanga injini, ita shuwa kuti mota iri munzvimbo yakachengetedzeka uye yakagadzikana, nebhureki rekupaka rakaiswa. Iwe unofanirwawo kutarisa kuti giya rinosarudza riri munzvimbo ye 'Paki' kudzivirira chero kufamba kusingadiwe panguva yekupisa.
Kana waona preconditions, Isai kiyi mune yekubatidza slot uye itendeudze newachi kusvika injini yaita. Mune dzimwe mota dzemazuva ano, pachinzvimbo chekiyi, bhatani rekubatidza rinoshandiswa. Kana zvakadaro, ingobata bhatani kusvika mota yatanga. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti, mune ese ari maviri, iwe unofanirwa kuchengeta tsoka yako pane brake pedal paunenge uchiita maitiro aya.
Kana injini yangobatidzwa, sunungura kiyi kana kumisa kudzvanya bhatani rekutanga uye ita shuwa kuti chiratidzo chesimba chinoramba chakavhenekerwa pane chiridzwa kana chiratidzo chikadzimwa kana kupenya, panogona kunge paine dambudziko nebhatiri kana system yekudzima, saka zvinokurudzirwa Kuenda kune yakasarudzika mechanic kuti iongororwe.
5. Kunyatsotarisirwa paunotanga motokari mumamiriro ekunze akaoma
Kutanga mota mumamiriro ekunze akanyanya kunoda kutarisirwa kwakakosha kuti ive nechokwadi chekutanga injini. Mukupisa kwakanyanya kwakadzika, zvakakosha tarisa uye uchaja bhatiri remotokari usati waedza kuibatidza. Tembiricha yakaderera inogona kukanganisa huwandu hwebhatiri uye kuita kuti inetse kushanda, saka zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti iri muchimiro chakanaka uye chakazara chaji.
Chimwe chinhu chekufunga nezvacho mumamiriro ekunze anotonhora zvakanyanya dziya injini usati waedza kutangaIzvi Zvinogona kuwanikwa kushandisa hita yeinjini kana kurega mota ichidziya kwemaminetsi mashoma. Kudziya injini kunobatsira mvura yemukati kudziya uye kutenderera zvakanaka, zvichiita kuti kutanga kuve nyore. Uyezve, zvinokurudzirwa kuita ongororo chiyero chemafuta uye ita shuwa kuti yakakodzera kune yakanyanya kutonhora mamiriro.
Kune rimwe divi, munzvimbo dzinopisa zvakanyanya kwakakosha chengetedza kutonhora kwemotokari muchimiro chakanaka. Izvi zvinosanganisira kugara uchitarisa nhanho yekutonhodza uye kuve nechokwadi kuti hapana kuvuza. Uyezve, inokurudzirwa Dzivisa kupaka mota yako muchiedza chezuva., kubva izvi anogona kuita tembiricha mukati memotokari inogona kukwira zvakanyanya uye kukanganisa kushanda kweinjini. Kana uchipaka, zviri nani kutsvaga mumvuri kana kushandisa mavhavha emahwindo kubatsira kuderedza kupisa kwekupinda.
6. Mhinduro kumatambudziko akajairika paunotanga mota
Dambudziko: Injini haina kutanga
Paunoedza kutanga mota yako uye injini haina kutanga, zvinogona kukonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakasiyana. Chokutanga pane zvose, zvakakosha kutarisa kana pane mafuta akakwana mutangi. Kana mafuta akadzikira, injini inogona kusagamuchira mafuta akakwana kuti itange. Mukuwedzera, zvakakosha kutarisa spark plugs, sezvo kana yakasvibiswa kana yakakuvadzwa, inogona kudzivirira injini kubva pakutanga zvakanaka. Chimwe chikonzero chinogona kunge chiri dambudziko nebhatiri. Kana bhatiri "rakafa" kana kuti rakaremara, injini haigamuchire simba rakakwana kuti itange. Muchiitiko ichi, zvingave zvakakosha kuchaja kana kutsiva bhatiri.
Dambudziko: Injini inotanga asi inodzima pakarepo
Kana injini yemota yako ikatanga asi ikadzima nekukasika, izvi zvinogona kuratidza matambudziko akati wandei. Chimwe chezvinetso zvinowanzoitika kukundikana muhurongwa yakagadzirwa nemafuta. Zvingave kuti sefa yemafuta yakavharwa, zvichidzivirira kuyerera kwakakodzera kwemafuta kunjini. Rimwe dambudziko rinogoneka rinogona kunge riri inokanganisa sensor, senge crankshaft chinzvimbo sensor kana oxygen sensor. Aya masensa akakosha pakushanda kweinjini uye kana achitadza, anogona kuita kuti injini ivhare nguva pfupi yatanga. Izvo zvakakoshawo kutarisa kusungirirwa kwemagetsi, sezvo kusungirirwa kwakasununguka kana waya dzakakuvadzwa zvinogona kuita kuti mota ivhare.
Dambudziko: Injini inotanga asi inoshanda zvisizvo
Kana injini yemotokari yako ikatanga asi ichimhanya zvisizvo, panogona kunge paine matambudziko nekufamba kwenguva. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekusakwana zvakanaka kwema spark plugs kana kugoverwa kusina kuenzana kwekupisa mumasilinda. Chimwe chikonzero chinogona kunge chiri kusashanda kweiyo mafuta jekiseni system. Kana majekiseni emafuta akavharika kana kusashanda zvakanaka, izvi zvinogona kuita kuti injini ishande zvisina tsarukano. Pamusoro pezvo, tsvina yemhepo sefa inogona kukanganisa kuita kweinjini. Izvo zvakakosha kuti ugare uchigadzirisa kudzivirira marudzi aya ematambudziko uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti ese einjini ari muhurongwa hwekushanda zvakanaka.
7. Mazano ekuchengetedza hurongwa hwekudzima huri muhutano hwakanaka
Yeuka kuita kugadzirisa nguva dzose muchibatiso chemotokari yako kuti uve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakakwana. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutarisa spark plugs, waya, uye coil. Kana dzakasakara, dzakakuvadzwa kana dzakasvibiswa, zvakakosha kuti dzitsive kana kuchenesa zvakanaka. Limpie los terminales de la batería uye iva nechokwadi chokuti dzakabatana zvakanaka. Tsvina kana corrosion buildup inogona kukanganisa kushanda kweiyo ignition system.
Imwe kurudziro ndeiyi shandisa mafuta emhando yepamusoro. Hunhu husina kunaka hunogona kusiya zvisaririra zvinokanganisa mashandiro einjini uye yekubatidza system. Iva nechokwadi chekuzadza panzvimbo dzaunovimba uye kudzivirira zviteshi zvepeturu zvine mukurumbira. Uyezve, chengetedza mwero wakakodzera wemafuta kudzivirira tsvina kuti isaungane pasi petangi.
Zvakakoshawo kugara uchiongorora Tarisa uone kudonha kunogona kuitika kana kukanganisa kumagetsi emafuta. Kubuda kwemvura kunogona kukanganisa mafuta einjini uye nekudaro kushanda kweiyo ignition system. ongorora uye chinja sefa yemhepo nguva dzose, sezvo inogona kuunganidza guruva netsvina inokanganisa kushanda kweinjini uye hurongwa hwekupisa.
8. Mhosho dzakajairika dzekudzivisa paunotanga mota
Nzira chaiyo yekutanga mota yakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekutangira uye kudzivirira kukuvara kweinjini inodhura. Zvisinei, pane zvimwe zvikanganiso zvakajairika zvatinofanira kudzivisa patinotanga motokari yedu. Imwe yezvikanganiso izvi haisi kutarisa mwero wemafuta usati watanga. Kudzikira kweoiri kunogona kukonzera kupera nguva isati yakwana kwezvikamu zvinofamba zveinjini, izvo zvingaguma nekukundikana kukuru uye kugadzirisa kunodhura. Nokudaro, usati watanga motokari, zvakakosha kutarisa kuti chiyero chemafuta chiri munzvimbo yakakodzera.
Chimwe chikanganiso chinowanzoitika paunotanga mota kusatendera mafuta kuti pressurize asati wabatidza kiyi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti tinofanira kumirira masekonzi mashoma mushure mekupinda mumotokari kubvumira pombi yemafuta kupomba mafuta muinjini. Maitiro aya Ichaita kuti pave nemafuta akakwana panguva yekutanga uye kudzivirira injini kubva pakunzwa kunetseka kana ichitanga.
Uyezve, zvakakosha kuti usaedza kutanga motokari nebheteri yakafa. Bhatiri rakakosha kupa simba rinodiwa kutanga injini. Kana bhatiri rakaderera, unogona kunzwa ruzha rwekudzvanya paunobatidza kiyi, zvichiratidza kuti hapana kukwana kubhadharisa kutanga injini. Muzviitiko izvi, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa bhatiri charger kana kukumbira rubatsiro kubva kune imwe mota kuita kusvetuka chaiko. Kuregeredza ichi chikanganiso chakajairika kunogona kukonzera kutadza kudzima uye kunyangwe kukuvadzwa kwebhatiri.
9. Kukosha kwekuita kuchengetedza kwekudzivirira pamagetsi ekupisa
Kuita kwakaringana kwekuchengetedza kwekudzivirira pane inobatidza mota system kwakakosha kwakakosha kuve nechokwadi yakavimbika uye inoshanda injini kutanga. Iyi sisitimu, inoumbwa neakasiyana mativi uye zvikamu, ine basa guru rekugadzira spark inodiwa kubatidza mafuta mumasilinda. El mantenimiento preventivo Iyi sisitimu ine basa rekudzivirira kukanganisa kunokwanisika kana kupfeka nguva isati yakwana, izvo zvinokutendera kuti udzivise kugadzirisa kunodhura uye kurasikirwa kwenguva.
Rimwe remabasa makuru mukati mekudzivirira kuchengetedza kweiyo ignition system ndeyekutarisa uye kugadzirisa iyo spark plugs. Aya madiki madiki, akaiswa mumasilinda ejini, ane basa rekugadzira spark inodiwa pakubatidza mafuta. Las bujíasKuve pachena kune tembiricha yakanyanyisa uye kupfeka nguva dzose, zvinoda kuongororwa nguva nenguva nekutsiviwa. Spark plugs mumamiriro asina kunaka anogona kukonzera kutadza kwekutanga, kurasikirwa kwesimba uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha mukuchengetedza kuchengetedza kweiyo ignition system kutonga uye kuchenesa kweanogovera uye tambo dzekudzima. El distribuidor Iyo ine basa rekutumira emagetsi ikozvino kune yega yega spark plugs, mune iyo chaiyo kurongeka zvinoenderana nejini yekudzima kutenderera. Iwo tambo, kune chikamu chavo, ndidzo dzinotakura ikozvino kubva kune inogovera kuenda kune spark plugs. Kana chimwe cheizvi zvikamu chichiratidza kupfeka, kuputsika kana kubuda kwazvino, inogona kukonzera kutadza zvachose kana kuti chikamu chekubatidza mota. Nekuita kuchenesa uye kuongorora nguva dzose, kuwanda kwetsvina uye ngura kunodzivirirwa, kuve nechokwadi chekuyerera kwakaringana kwemagetsi emagetsi uye kugadzirisa mashandiro ehurongwa.
10. Mazano ekuchengetedza paunenge uchitanga mota kudzivirira tsaona
1. Kukosha kwekutarisa mamiriro emotokari: Usati watanga mota, zvakakosha kuita ongororo yekuona uye inoshanda kuti uone kuti zvese zviri muchimiro chakanaka. Tarisa kuti matai akanyatsoputirwa zvakanaka, mawipers emhepo ari kushanda zvakanaka, uye mazinga emvura (mafuta, mafuta, brake fluid) akakwana. Uye zvakare, zvakakosha kuti utarise kana paine chero zvinhu zvekunze pasi pemotokari zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwayo. Iyi nhanho inobatsira kudzivirira chero matambudziko emuchina anogona kukonzera tsaona kana kukanganisa kumota.
2. Kuchengetedza kana uchishandisa kiyi yekubatidza: Ita shuwa kuti une kutonga kwakazara pamusoro pekiyi yako yekubatidza. Usambofa wakaisiya munzvimbo dziri nyore kusvika kuvanhu vasina mvumo. Usagovane kiyi yako nevanhu vausingazive uye dzivirira kuisiya mukati memotokari painenge yapaka. Zvakare, gara uchitarisa kuti kiyi yacho yakanyatso kuisirwa mukati meiyo ignition slot usati waitenderedza. Izvi zvinovimbisa kupisa kwakakodzera kwemotokari uye kudzivirira matambudziko anogona kuitika neiyo ignition system.
3. Kugadzirira usati watanga motokari: Usati watanga motokari, nyatsogadzirisa magirazi ekumashure kuti uve nemaonero akajeka ezvakatipoteredza. Iva nechokwadi chokuti vose vari mumotokari vakapfeka zvakanaka mabhandi ezvigaro. Zvakakoshawo kubvisa zvinhu zvinovhiringa mukati memotokari, zvakaita semidziyo yemagetsi inogona kukanganisa mutyairi. Uyewo, iva nechokwadi chokuti marambi emotokari emukati neekunze akadzimwa uye kuti mahwindo akanyatsojeka. Nekutevera aya matanho, iwe unenge uchibatsira kune yakachengeteka nharaunda paunotanga nekutyaira mota yako.
Ini ndiri Sebastián Vidal, injiniya wekombuta anofarira nezve tekinoroji uye DIY. Uyezve, ndini musiki we tecnobits.com, kwandinogovera zvidzidzo kuti tekinoroji iwanikwe uye inonzwisisika kumunhu wese.