Nuclear Fission: Chii uye Mashandisirwo Ayo

Nuclear fission inzira ine basa guru mufizikisi yenyukireya, iyo inosanganisira kutsemuka kwepakati peatomu rinorema kuita zvidimbu zvidiki zviviri kana kudarika. Chiitiko ichi, chekufarira kukuru kwesainzi uye tekinoroji, chine mashandisirwo akakosha munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, kubva pakugadzirwa kwesimba kusvika pakugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvine radioactive zvekurapa nemaindasitiri. Muchinyorwa chino tichaongorora zvakadzama kuti nyukliya fission chii uye tiongorore mamwe mashandisirwo ayo anonyanyozivikanwa.

1. Nhanganyaya yeNuclear Fission nepfungwa yayo yakakosha

nyukireya fission inzira iyo nucleus yeatomu inotsemuka kuita zvikamu zviviri kana kupfuura, zvichiburitsa simba rakawanda. Chiitiko ichi chinoitika kana nucleus yeatomu yakabhombwa nechikamu chesubatomic, senge neutron. Nuclear fission ndiyo musimboti wesimba renyukireya nezvombo zvenyukireya.

Mukuita kwenyukireya fission process, uranium kana plutonium maatomu anowanzo shandiswa sehuni. Kana nyuturoni yadhumhana nemoyo weimwe yemaatomu aya, nucleus yekomboni isina kugadzikana inoumbwa. Iyi nucleus yemubatanidzwa inotsemuka kuita nuclei madiki maviri, ichiburitsa manyuturoni akati wandei uye huwandu hunokosha hwesimba muchimiro chekupisa nemwaranzi.

Nuclear fission ine maapplication akawanda mazuva ano. Imwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi muzvirimwa zvenyukireya. Mukuita uku, kupisa kunoburitswa panguva yefission kunoshandiswa kugadzira chiutsi, icho chinozofambisa maturbine anogadzira magetsi. Pamusoro pezvo, nyukireya fission inoshandiswawo mukurapa uye kutsvagisa kwesainzi, pamwe nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvine radioactive kune akasiyana maindasitiri uye ekurapa mashandisirwo.

2. Nzira yeNuclear Fission uye zvikamu zvayo zvinokosha

Iyo nuclear fission process inoitika apo nucleus yeatomu inotsemuka kuita nuclei diki mbiri, zvichiburitsa simba rakawanda mukuita. Kuita uku kwakakosha mukugadzirwa kwesimba renyukireya mumareactor uye zvakare mukugadzirwa kwezvombo zvenyukireya. Kuti unzwisise zviri nani maitiro aya, zvakakosha kuziva zvikamu zvakakosha zvinobatanidzwa.

Chokutanga pane zvose, manyuturoni ndiwo anonyanya kukoshesa nyukireya fission. Aya asina kwaakarerekera subatomic particles anotangwa akananga kune isina kugadzikana nucleus, senge uranium-235, kukonzeresa kuita kweketani. Manyuturoni anodhumhana nenyuturosi, zvichiita kuti isagadzikane uye iite nyore kupatsanuka kuita nuclei diki mbiri, pamwe nekuburitswa kwemanyuturoni akati wandei. Uku kuburitswa kwemamwe manyutroni kunovimbisa kuenderera uye kukwidziridzwa kwekuita.

Chimwe chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirisa nyukireya ndiyo mutarisiri. Moderators zvinhu zvakaita semvura yakareruka kana graphite, ine basa rekumisa manyuturoni anokurumidza anoburitswa mukuita. Nekudzikisa manyutroni aya, mukana wavo wekudyidzana nemamwe nuclei uye kukonzera kupatsanurwa kwakawanda kunowedzera. MaModerators anoita basa rakakosha mukudzora mabatiro nekugadzirisa huwandu hwesimba rinoburitswa.

3. Simba rakaburitswa panguva yeNuclear Fission: Theoretical foundations

Nuclear fission inzira iyo nucleus yeatomu inotsemuka kuita zvidimbu zvidiki zviviri kana kupfuura, zvichiburitsa huwandu hukuru hwesimba mukuita. Kuti unzwisise hwaro hwe theoretical hwesimba rakaburitswa panguva yenyukireya fission, zvinodikanwa kuongorora iwo akakosha pfungwa.

Chekutanga pane zvese, zvinodikanwa kuti unzwisise pfungwa yeatomic mass uye kuti inobatana sei nesimba rakaburitswa. Munguva yenyukireya fission, atomic mass inoshandurwa kuita simba maererano neEinstein's equation yakakurumbira, E=mc², apo E ndiro simba rinobudiswa, m ihomwe yakarasika, uye c ndiyo velocity. chechiedza squared.

Pamusoro pezvo, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise basa remanyutroni munyukireya fission. Maneutron anoita basa rakakosha mukuita fission sezvo achigona kutyora zvisungo zvenyukireya uye kuburitsa simba. Kana nucleus yeatomu yakabhombwa nemanyuturoni, inogona kuatora uye ive isina kugadzikana, zvichiita kuti nyukireya iparare uye kuburitswa kwesimba.

4. Mhando dzeNuclear Fission reactions uye maitiro avo

Nuclear fission reactions inzira umo nucleus yeatomu inotsemuka kuita zvidimbu zvidiki zviviri kana kupfuura, zvichiburitsa huwandu hukuru hwesimba mukuita. Kune marudzi akasiyana enyukireya fission reactions, imwe neimwe iine maitiro ayo uye zvimiro.

Imwe yezvinowanzoitwa nyukireya fission kuita kwega, uko kunorema nucleus inotsemuka kuita zvidimbu zvidiki zviviri zvega. Imwe nyukireya fission reaction inokonzerwa, iyo inoitika apo nucleus inorema inotsemuka kuita zvidimbu zviviri nekuda kwekudhumhana nenyuturoni kana rumwe rudzi rwechikamu.

Mukuita kwenyukireya fission reactions, huwandu hukuru hwesimba hunoburitswa muchimiro chemwaranzi uye kupisa. Iri simba rinogona kushandiswa kugadzira magetsi mumagetsi enyukireya kana kugadzira zvombo zvenyukireya. Nuclear fission inogadzirawo zvigadzirwa zvefission, izvo zviduku zveatomic nuclei zvinoumba semugumisiro wekuparadzaniswa kwekutanga nucleus. Izvi zvigadzirwa zvefission zvinogona kuita radioactive uye zvinounza njodzi for health and the nzvimbo.

Muchidimbu, kuparara kwenyukireya inzira umo nucleus yeatomu inotsemuka kuita zvidimbu zvidiki zviviri kana kupfuura, zvichiburitsa simba rakawanda mukuita. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzekuita uku, sekungoerekana uye induced fission, imwe neimwe iine maitiro ayo uye zvimiro. Pamusoro pesimba rakaburitswa, nyukireya fission reactions zvakare inoburitsa zvigadzirwa zvefission zvinogona kuita radioactive uye zvinounza hutano nekuchengetedza njodzi. nharaunda.

5. Kushandiswa kweNuclear Fission nhasi

Nuclear Fission itekinoroji ine akasiyana maapplication nhasi anotangira pakugadzira simba kusvika pakugadzirwa kweradioactive zvinhu zvekushandisa mumaindasitiri nekurapa. Pazasi pane mamwe mashoko yekushandisa zvakajairika:

1. Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi: Nuclear Fission inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumagetsi enyukireya kugadzira magetsi zvakanaka uye yakachena. Muchiitiko ichi, uranium-235 inoshandiswa sehuni uye inodzorwa chain reaction inoitika, ichiburitsa huwandu hwakawanda hwesimba mumhando yekupisa. Kupisa uku kunoshandurwa kuita magetsi nematurbine nemajenareta.

2. Kugadzirwa kweradioisotopes: Nuclear Fission inoshandiswawo kugadzira radioisotopes, iyo inoshandiswa mumishonga yenyukireya uye tsvakiridzo yesainzi. Nekubhomba chinangwa nemanyutroni, radioisotopes yekuchena kwepamusoro uye chiitiko chinogona kuwanikwa. Aya ma radioisotopes anoshandiswa mukurapa cancer, diagnostic imaging uye zvidzidzo zvepamberi zvekutsvagisa.

3. Kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvine mwaranzi: Kumwe kushandiswa kwakakosha kweNuclear Fission kugadzirwa kwemwaranzi inopenya yekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri. Zvishandiso izvi, zvakaita secobalt-60 uye iridium-192, zvinoshandiswa mukurapa, kutonga kwemhando, uye kuyedza kusaparadza. Pamusoro pezvo, ivo vanoshandiswawo mukuita sterilization yechikafu uye zvigadzirwa zvekurapa kubvisa tupukanana uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwavo hwesherufu.

6. Nuclear Fission uye kugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi

Nuclear fission inzira iyo nucleus yeatomu inotsemuka kuita zvidimbu zviviri, ichiburitsa simba rakawanda muchimiro chekupisa nemwaranzi. Iri simba rinogona kushandiswa kugadzira magetsi mumagetsi enyukireya. Iyo nzira yekugadzira simba remagetsi kuburikidza nenyukireya fission inoshanda zvakanyanya uye haiburitse greenhouse gas emissions.

Kugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi kuburikidza nenyukireya fission inoitwa mumagetsi enyukireya. Muzvivakwa izvi, mareactor enyukireya anoshandiswa kudzora nekuchengetedza fission reaction. Pakati pechipfuro chenyukireya pane mafuta emafuta, anowanzo gadzirwa neuranium yakakwenenzverwa, ayo anobhombwa nemanyutroni kuti atange fission reaction.

Munguva yenyukireya fission, kupisa kunosunungurwa nenzira yekuchinja kweketani. Kupisa uku kunoshandiswa kupisa mvura nekuishandura kuita chiutsi. Iyo mhepo inogadzirwa inotenderera turbine yakabatana nejenareta, nokudaro ichigadzira magetsi. Izvo zvakakosha kuratidza kuti kugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi kubva kunyukireya fission kunoda kwakasimba kudzora kuchengetedzwa uye kutonga kwakakwana kwemarara eradioactive kudzivirira njodzi kune zvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwevanhu.

7. Zvishandiso zvekurapa uye zvesainzi zveNuclear Fission

Iwo akakosha mune dzakasiyana siyana dzekurapa uye nesainzi tsvagiridzo. Nuclear fission inzira inoburitsa simba rakawanda nekutsemura nucleus yeatomu rinorema, senge uranium kana plutonium. Kubva mukuita uku, matekinoroji nehunyanzvi zvakagadziridzwa zvakashandura mushonga nesainzi.

Mundima yekurapa, nyukireya fission inoshandiswa muradiotherapy pakurapa cancer. Kuburikidza nekuburitswa kweradioactive particles, masero egomarara anogona kuparadzwa uye kuwanda kwawo kunomira. Iyi nzira yakaratidza kuti inoshanda zvakanyanya mukurapa mabundu, kunyanya mukubatana nemamwe marapirwo akadai sechemotherapy. Mukuwedzera, nyukireya fission inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kweradioisotopes inoshandiswa mumishonga yenyukireya yekuongorora zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakadai sehosha yemwoyo uye chirwere chetachiona.

Muchikamu chesainzi, nyukireya fission inotibvumira kudzidza chimiro cheatomu uye kunzwisisa zvirinani kushanda kwayo. Uchishandisa hunyanzvi uhu, zviedzo zvinogona kuitwa kuongorora zvimiro zveakasiyana makemikari zvinhu uye isotopes yavo, pamwe nekudzidza nezvekuita kwenyukireya uye fission phenomena mune nuclear reactor. Nuclear fission inoitawo basa rakakosha mukuvandudza matekinoroji matsva, sekugadzira simba renyukireya, kugadzirwa kwemaradioisotopes ekutsvaga kwesainzi, uye kuumbwa kwezvinhu zvinorema zvakanyanya mumarabhoritari efizikisi yenyukireya.

Muchidimbu, vakashandura nzira yekutsvakurudza kwesayenzi uye kurapwa kwezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana kunoitwa. Kubva pakurapwa kweradiation yegomarara kusvika pakudzidza chimiro cheatomu, nyukireya fission inoita basa rakakosha mukufambira mberi kwemishonga nesainzi.

8. Zvakanakira nekuipira kweNuclear Fission sechinhu chinopa simba

Nuclear fission isimba rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwayo kunotakura zvose zvakanakira uye zvisingabatsiri izvo zvakakosha kufunga. Muchikamu chino, tichatarisa zvakadzama pamusoro pezvakanaka nezvakaipa zvenyukireya fission sechipo chesimba.

Zvakanakira Nuclear Fission:

• Kushanda nesimba kwepamusoro: Nuclear fission inokwanisa kugadzira simba rakawanda kubva muhuturu hudiki hwenyukireya. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive sarudzo yakanyatsoshanda kana ichienzaniswa nemamwe magetsi.
• Low greenhouse gasi kubuda: Kusiyana nemagetsi anopisa anoshandisa mafuta efossil, nyukireya fission haiburitse huwandu hwakawanda hwemagasi egreenhouse. Izvi zvinobatsira mukuderedza kukanganisa kwemamiriro ekunze.
• Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi akawanda: Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi enyukireya zvinogona kuburitsa akawanda emagetsi nguva dzose, kuve nechokwadi chekugara uye kugadzikana kwesimba.

Zvakaipa zveNuclear Fission:

• Matambudziko ekugadzirisa marara eradioactive: Nuclear fission inogadzira tsvina ine radioactive iyo inofanirwa kuchengetedzwa nemazvo nekuda kwengozi yayo yakakura. Kuchengetedzwa kwenguva refu kwemarara aya kunoramba kuri dambudziko rehunyanzvi uye rekugadzirisa zvinhu.
• Ngozi dzetsaona dzenyukireya: Kunyange zvazvo tsaona dzenyukireya dzisingawanzoitiki, migumisiro yadzo inoparadza zvikuru. Ngozi yekuvuza kwemwaranzi uye isingadzoreki mareactor enyukireya inomiririra kunetseka kunogara kuripo muindasitiri yenyukireya.
• Mutengo wekuvaka nekugadzirisa wakakwira: Kuvaka nekuchengetedza gwenya remagetsi enyukireya kunodhura. Uyezve, kubviswa kwechirimwa pakupera kwehupenyu hwayo hunobatsira kunosanganisirawo mari yakawanda.

9. Nuclear waste management uye Nuclear Fission

Inyaya dzakakomba mumunda wesimba renyukireya. Kudzora kwakakodzera kwemarara enyukireya kwakakosha kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa nekuchengetedzwa kwenharaunda uye hutano hweveruzhinji. Pazasi panotsanangurwa zvitatu matanho anokosha Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri:

1. Kuzivikanwa nekuiswa mumapoka emarara: zvakakosha kuve nehurongwa hunoshanda hwekuona uye kurongedza marara enyukireya. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuongorora mwero wayo weradioactivity, chimiro chemuviri nemakemikari, uye kugona kwayo kugadzira kupisa. Tsvina yakadaro yakakamurwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana, zvakadai sepamusoro, yepakati uye yakaderera basa tsvina, kuti uone kurapwa kwakakodzera uye kuchengetedza.
2. Chengetedzo uye inodzorwa chengetedzo: kana tsvina yenyukireya yaiswa mumapoka, inofanira kuchengetedzwa nenzira yakachengeteka uye inodzorwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kusarudzwa zvesaiti yakakodzera geology yekuvakwa kweiyo yakakwira-chiitiko marara dhipoziti, uko kugadzikana kwe geological uye kusavapo kwekudonha kunogona kuvimbiswa. Pamusoro pezvo, matanho ekuchengetedza anofanirwa kutorwa kudzivirira kuburitswa kwemwaranzi uye nharaunda inofanirwa kugara ichitariswa kune chero inogona kubuda.
3. Tsvagiridzo nekuvandudza matekinoroji ekudzoreredza: kudzokorora tekinoroji inobvumira zvinhu zvakakosha kudzoserwa kubva mumarara enyukireya. Kuburikidza nekuparadzaniswa kwemakemikari yezvikamu, zvinokwanisika kuwana mafuta ekugadzirisa zvakare uye kuderedza kuwanda kwepamusoro-soro tsvina. Zvakakosha kusimudzira tsvakiridzo nekuvandudza tekinoroji dzakachengeteka uye dzinoshanda dzekugadziridza zvakare kugadzirisa marara enyukireya.

Iwo matambudziko akaomarara anoda nzira dzakasiyana siyana uye kuenderera mberi kwehunyanzvi mune tekinoroji. Izvo zvakakosha kuti titarise tekinoroji, chengetedzo uye kudzora kufunga kuti uve nechokwadi chekutonga kwakaringana. Nekuzivikanwa kwakaringana uye kupatsanurwa kwemarara, kuchengetedza uye kudzorwa chengetedzo, uye kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa zvakare matekinoroji, tinogona kuenda kune kwakanyatso shanda uye kwakasimba kutonga kwemarara enyukireya.

10. Kuchengetedzwa kweNuclear uye kutonga kweNuclear Fission

Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora kukosha kwe. Chengetedzo yenyukireya chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwesimba renyukireya, sezvo ichivimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu uye nharaunda kana paine chiitiko. Zvakare, kutonga kweNuclear Fission kwakakosha kudzivirira tsaona uye kuona kushanda zvakanaka kwechirimwa.

Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza nyukireya, zvinodikanwa kuita akatevedzana matanho akasimba uye maprotocol. Chimwe chezviito zvikuru ndechekuita ongororo yenguva nenguva kuona kutadza kana matambudziko mukuchengetedza masisitimu. Kuramba kuyedzwa kunofanirwawo kuitwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana, sekudengenyeka kwenyika kana mamiriro ekukurumidzira.

Pamusoro pezvo, zvakakosha kuve nevashandi vanokwanisa uye vakadzidziswa munyaya dzekuchengetedza nyukireya. Nyanzvi idzi dzinofanirwa kunge dzakagadzirira kupindura kune chero chiitiko uye kutora matanho anodiwa ekudzikisa njodzi. Saizvozvowo, magwenya emagetsi enyukireya anofanirwa kunge aine masisitimu ekutarisa enguva dzose uye epamusoro anobvumira kuona chero chiitiko chisina kujairika kana kukanganisa mukushanda kwemareactor enyukireya.

11. Nuclear Fission uye mupiro wayo mukutsvakurudza kwesayenzi

Nuclear fission inzira yekuti nucleus yeatomu inotsemuka kuita nuclei diki mbiri kana kudarika, zvichiburitsa simba rakawanda. Kuita kwenyukireya uku kwakave kwakakosha zvikuru mukutsvagisa kwesainzi nekuda kwekushandisa kwayo kwakawanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana.

Chekutanga, nyukireya fission yakabvumira kuvandudzwa kwemaitiro ekugadzira simba kuburikidza nekudzora fission, sezvinoitika mumagetsi enyukireya. Zvivako izvi zvinoshandisa simba refission kugadzira simba remagetsi kubva nzira inoshanda uye anoenderera mberi. Kufambira mberi uku kwakave nekukanganisa kukuru kune indasitiri yemagetsi, ichipa kwakachena uye kwakasimba tsime resimba.

Uyezve, nyukireya fission inoita basa rakakosha mukutsvagisa kwesainzi mune subatomic particles. Nuclear reactors akakosha mukugadzirwa kwemanyutroni, ayo anoshandiswa sesosi kuita zviyedzo zvefizikisi. Zviyedzo izvi zvakaita kuti pave neshanduko dzakawanikwa mumunda wefizikisi, sekuzivikanwa kwezvikamu zvitsva zvesubatomic uye kunzwisisa kwekudyidzana kwakakosha kunodzora denga.

12. Zvingango shandiswa mune ramangwana reNuclear Fission

Nuclear fission yanga iri simba rakagadzwa kwemakumi emakore, asi tsvakiridzo uye kufambira mberi mundima iyi kunoramba kuchivhura mikova kune zvitsva zvingango shandiswa. Tiine tarisiro yekushanda nekuchengetedza, aya maapplication emangwana anogona kushandura nharaunda yedu uye kusangana nezvakawanda zvezvido.

Imwe yenzvimbo idzo nyukireya fission inogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakakura iri mumunda wemishonga. Kugadzirwa kweradioisotopes kuburikidza nenyukireya fission kwakaratidza kuve kwakakosha pakuongororwa uye kurapwa kwegomarara. Mune ramangwana, nzira dzepamusoro-soro dzinogona kugadzirwa kuti dzishandise simba rinogadzirwa nenyukireya fission yekugadzira radioisotopes zvakanyanya uye zvakachengeteka, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kubudiriro huru muhutano.

Pamusoro pemushonga, nyukireya fission inogonawo kuwana maapplication munzvimbo dzakaita semvura yekubvisa salination uye space propulsion. Tekinoroji yenyukireya yaigona kushandiswa kugadzira simba rinodiwa kubvisa munyu mumvura zvakanaka, zvichipa mhinduro kuperevedzo. yemvura yekunwa munzvimbo zhinji dzepasi. Muchadenga, kutsemuka kwenyukireya kunogona kugonesa kufambiswa kwezvitundumuseremusere zvichimhanya zvakanyanya kupfuura zvazvino, zvichivhura mukana wekuongorora nzvimbo dzechadenga dzaisambosvikwa.

Muchidimbu, mashandisirwo emunguva yemberi enyukireya ari kuvimbisa uye anogona kubata nzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, kubva pamushonga kusvika kune simba rinogonekazve uye kuongorora nzvimbo. Sezvo tsvagiridzo ichienderera mberi uye matekinoroji ane chekuita nenyukireya fission achinatswa, zvakakosha kuti tirambe takatarisana nekubudirira uye kuchengetedzeka kuve nechokwadi cheramangwana rakagadzikana uye rinobatsira munharaunda.

13. Nuclear Fission muindasitiri nehupfumi hwayo

Nuclear fission inzira yakakosha muindasitiri yemazuva ano uye hupfumi hwayo hwakakosha. Kuburikidza nenyukireya fission, huwandu hwesimba hunoburitswa, hunogona kushandiswa kugonesa zvirimwa zvemagetsi enyukireya uye kugadzira magetsi pamwero mukuru. Izvi zvaita kuti nyika zhinji dzikwanise kuvimba nesimba renyukireya senzvimbo yakavimbika uye inoenderera mberi yesimba.

Imwe yemabhenefiti makuru ehupfumi hwenyukireya fission muindasitiri kugona kwayo kugadzira akawanda emagetsi nemazvo. Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi enyukireya zvine huwandu hwekugadzira, zvichiita kuti dzive sarudzo inoyevedza yekuzadzisa zvinodiwa nesimba renyika. Pamusoro pezvo, simba renyukireya rinoonekwa sesimba rakachena kana richienzaniswa nemafuta efossil, ayo anogona kubatsira kudzikisa kutsamira pane zviwanikwa zvisingadzoreki uye kuderedza kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse.

Chimwe chinhu chakakosha kuburitsa kukanganiswa kwehupfumi hwenyukireya ibasa rayo mukugadzira mabasa nekusimudzira maindasitiri. Kuvakwa nekushanda kwezvicherwa zvemagetsi enyukireya kunoda hunyanzvi hwakasiyana-siyana uye ruzivo, izvo zvinoreva kupinza basa kwenyanzvi dzine hunyanzvi. Uyezve, kudiwa kwezvinhu zvine hunyanzvi uye michina yekugadzira simba renyukireya kunoburitsa mikana yebhizinesi kune akawanda ane hukama maindasitiri. Mupfungwa iyi, nyukireya fission haingorevi kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, asiwo kukwidziridzwa kwekukura kwehupfumi uye kugadzira mari.

Muchidimbu, nyukireya fission yakakosha muindastiri uye kukanganisa kwayo mune zvehupfumi hazvirambike. Kugona kugadzira magetsi akawanda nemazvo, kubatsira kwaro mukuderedza kutsamira pamafuta ezvicherwa, kugadzira mabasa nekuvandudzwa kwemaindasitiri ndezvimwe zvezvinhu zvinoita kuti nyukireya ive sarudzo inokwezva kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvesimba uye kukurudzira kukura kwehupfumi.

14. Mhedziso paNuclear Fission uye kukosha kwayo munzanga

Nuclear Fission chiitiko chesainzi chine kukosha kukuru munharaunda current. Kuburikidza nekuita uku, huwandu hwakawanda hwesimba hunowanikwa kubva pakukamurwa kweatomu nuclei. Muchinyorwa chino chese, takaongorora zvakadzama zvakasiyana-siyana zveNuclear Fission uye kukosha kwayo muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva.

Chekutanga pane zvese, takaongorora misimboti yeNuclear Fission uye kuti chiitiko ichi chinoitika sei mumareactor enyukireya. Isu takaratidza kukosha kwemaisotopes euranium-235 uye plutonium-239 mukuita fission, sezvo ari iwo anonyanya kushandiswa sehuni mumagetsi emagetsi enyukireya. Uyezve, takatsanangura kuti fission reaction inodzorwa sei nekushandisa ma moderator uye control rods.

Isu takaongororawo mabhenefiti uye njodzi dzine chekuita neNuclear Fission. Kune rimwe divi, simba renyukireya rinogadzirwa kuburikidza nefission inzvimbo yakachena uye inoshanda zvakanaka yesimba, izvo zvinobatsira kuderedza kutsamira pamafuta ezvisaririra uye kuburitswa kwemagasi egreenhouse. Nekune rimwe divi, Nuclear Fission inotakura njodzi dzine chekuita nekutarisirwa kwemarara eradioactive uye mukana wekuita tsaona dzenyukireya. Zvakakosha kuvimbisa kuchengetedzwa uye kutonga kwakasimba kwezvivakwa zvenyukireya kuderedza njodzi idzi.

Muchidimbu, nyukireya fission inzira inoshanda zvakanyanya inosanganisira kupatsanurwa kwenucleus yeatomu rinorema kuburitsa simba rakawanda. Iyi tekinoroji yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri ekushandisa uye yakakura-yemagetsi magetsi ekugadzira.

Iko kushandiswa kwenyukireya fission kunobva pakugadzirwa kweradioisotopes yekurapa uye yekurima kushandiswa kune kugadzirwa kwemagetsi mumagetsi enyukireya. Zvisinei nekunetsekana nezvekuchengetedzwa kwenyukireya nemarara, nyukireya fission inoramba iri sarudzo inoyevedza nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakanyanya uye kubatsira kwakakosha kune zvinodikanwa zvesimba.

Zvakadaro, zvakakosha kuti ticherechedze kuti nyukireya fission inopa matambudziko akakosha uye kufunga kwekubudirira kwayo kuita. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuchengetedzeka uye kutonga kwakanaka kwemarara, njodzi iripo yetsaona dzenyukireya uye kusadzokororwa kwezviwanikwa zvinoshandiswa.

Sezvo isu tichienda kune ramangwana tichiwedzera kuvimba neakachena, akasimba emagetsi masosi, zvakakosha kuti tinyatso ongorora zvakanaka nezvakaipa chenyukireya fission, pamwe nekuongorora mamwe masimba emagetsi. Tsvagiridzo nekuvandudza tekinoroji yenyukireya iri kuramba ichichengetedzeka uye inoshanda inogona kuve yakakosha pakushandisa zvine hunyanzvi uye kunobatsira kwenyukireya mune ramangwana.

Mukupedzisa, nyukireya fission yakaita basa rakakosha munharaunda yedu, ichipa zvakakosha tekinoroji mashandisirwo uye yakakosha mipiro mukugadzira simba. Kunyangwe ichipa zvinonetsa uye zvinotinetsa, kushandisa kwayo zvine hunyanzvi uye zvakachengeteka kunogona kutibatsira kuzadzikisa zvido zvedu zvesimba nemazvo uye zvine mwero. Zvakakosha kuenderera mberi nekutsvagisa nekufambira mberi mundima iyi kutora mukana wakakwana wezvakanakira nyukireya fission.