ZVINOVURURA A GDB File

Kugadziridzwa kwekupedzisira: 19/08/2023
Munyori: Sebastian Vidal

Mafaira eGDB anowanzoshandiswa mumunda we geographic information systems (GIS) kuchengetedza uye kuronga geospatial data. Pakuvhura faira reGDB, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise chimiro chayo uye matanho anodiwa kuti uwane ruzivo rwuri mukati maro. Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora zvakadzama nzira yekuvhura faira reGDB, kubva pakuita kwekuisa iyo yakakodzera software kuenda kune zvirimo. Kana iwe uri nyanzvi yeGIS kana uchida kudzidza zvakawanda nezve manipulate geospatial data, verenga kuti uzive. zvese zvaunoda kuziva pamusoro penyaya iyi yehunyanzvi.

1. Nhanganyaya yeGDB file format

Iyo GDB faira fomati ifomati yefaira inoshandiswa munzvimbo yekuvandudza software kuchengetedza ruzivo nezvezvirongwa uye data. Iyi fomati inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakawanda dzebudiriro, dzakadai seC, C ++, Java, Python, pakati pezvimwe.

Iyo GDB fomati inoshandiswa kuchengetedza ruzivo rwekugadzirisa senge zviratidzo zvechirongwa, ruzivo rwakasiyana, ruzivo rwemutsara, uye imwe data ine chekuita nekubvisa chirongwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti maitiro ekugadzirisa ave nyore nekupa ruzivo rwakadzama nezvechirongwa chinomhanya.

Kuti ushande nemafaira muGDB fomati, debugger inotsigira iyi fomati inodiwa. Kune akati wandei anogadzirisa aripo anotsigira iyo GDB fomati, senge GNU GDB debugger inoshandiswa muGNU/Linux-based budiriro nharaunda. Aya madebugger anopa akawanda ezvishandiso uye mashandiro ekugadzirisa zvirongwa uye kuongorora ruzivo rwakachengetwa mumafaira eGDB.

2. Zvishandiso zvinodiwa pakuvhura faira reGDB

Kuti uvhure faira reGDB, unoda zvishandiso zvinotevera:

1. Sisitimu yekushandisa inoenderana: Ita shuwa kuti une inoshanda sisitimu yekushandisa, senge Windows, Mac, kana Linux, yakaiswa pakombuta yako.

2. Database management application: Kuti uvhure faira reGDB, iwe uchada application inogona kubata geospatial dhatabhesi. Dzimwe sarudzo dzakakurumbira dzinosanganisira:

  • ArcGIS: Isoftware inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumunda weGeographic Information Systems (GIS) uye inobvumidza iwe kuvhura mafaira eGDB.
  • QGIS: Iyo yakavhurika sosi imwe nzira yeArcGIS uye inogona zvakare kuvhura maGDB mafaera.
  • GeoMedia: Ndiyo imwe sarudzo inotsigira mafaira eGDB uye inopa huwandu hwakawanda hwematurusi ekuongorora nzvimbo.

3. Nhanho nhanho: Ungavhura sei GDB faira muWindows

Kuti uvhure faira reGDB paWindows, kushandiswa kwesoftware chaiyo kunodiwa. Pazasi pane matanho ekutevera:

1. Dhawunirodha uye isa ArcGIS Desktop software. Iyi software ndiyo chiyero cheindasitiri chekushanda nemafaira eGDB uye inopa huwandu hwakawanda hwezvishandiso uye kushanda. Unogona kuirodha kubva kune yepamutemo Esri webhusaiti.

2. Kana ArcGIS Desktop yaiswa, vhura iyo application ArcMap. Mukati meArcMap, sarudza sarudzo "Wedzera data" en mudziyo wekushandisa. Bhokisi renhaurirano richaonekwa kuti uwane GDB faira raunoda kuvhura. Enda kunzvimbo yeGDB faira uye sarudza iyo.

3. Kana faira reGDB rangosarudzwa, unogona kuongorora zvirimo muArcMap. Iwe unogona kuona maseru, kuita mibvunzo, kushandisa zviratidzo uye zvimwe zvakawanda. Pamusoro pezvo, unogona kutumira iyo data kune mamwe mafomati anotsigirwa senge shapefile kana CSV.

4. Danho nedanho: Sei kuvhura GDB faira pamusoro Mac

Kuti uvhure GDB faira paMac, pane akati wandei sarudzo dziripo. Pazasi pane matanho aunofanirwa kutevedzera:

  1. Kutanga, ita shuwa kuti une yazvino vhezheni yeMac OS X yakaiswa pakombuta yako. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuenderana uye kushanda zvakanaka kwechirongwa chinodiwa kuvhura iyo GDB faira.
  2. Wobva wadhawunirodha uye isa chishandiso chakakodzera chekuvhura mafaera eGDB paMac. Unogona kuiwana muApp Store uye woidhawunirodha kubva ipapo.
  3. Kana wangoisa "GDB Viewer", vhura paMac yako Tevere, sarudza iyo "Vhura Faira" kubva kumenyu huru uye tsvaga iyo GDB faira raunoda kuvhura pakombuta yako.
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Rangarira kuti maitiro ekuvhura faira reGDB anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nesoftware kana chishandiso chaunosarudza kushandisa. Nekudaro, aya matanho akajairwa anokupa iwe gwara rekubudirira kuvhura mafaira ako GDB paMac Kana ukasangana nematambudziko panguva yekuita, unogona kubvunza chidzidzo cheiyo software yauri kushandisa kana kutsvaga rubatsiro mumaforamu epamhepo kana nharaunda.

Zvakakosha kutaura kuti mafaira eGDB ndiwo mafaira epadatabase anowanzoshandiswa mu geography uye mapurogiramu emakatuni. Aya mafaera ane ruzivo rwe geospatial uye anoshandiswa kuchengetedza data renzvimbo senge mepu, zvidimbu, uye maficha. Nekutevera matanho ataurwa pamusoro, uchakwanisa kuwana nyore uye kuona ruzivo rwuri mumafaira eGDB paMac yako.

5. Nzira yekuwana sei data yakachengetwa muGDB file

Kuti uwane data yakachengetwa muGDB faira, pane akati wandei sarudzo dziripo. Kutanga, unogona kushandisa Geographic Information System (GIS) software yakadai seArcGIS kana QGIS. Zvirongwa izvi zvinopa maturusi uye mashandiro ekushanda nemafaira eGDB. Iwe unogona kuvhura iyo GDB faira zvakananga muchirongwa uye kuongorora iyo data yakachengetwa mairi.

Imwe sarudzo ndeye kushandisa mutsara wekuraira uye iyo Python programming mutauro. Python ine raibhurari inonzi "geopandas" iyo inokutendera kuti uverenge mafaira eGDB uye kushanda nawo. Inogona kubatsira kana iwe uchida kuita otomatiki mabasa kana kuita ongororo yepamberi uchishandisa hurongwa.

Pamusoro pezvo, kune maturusi ekushandura aripo anobvumidza iwe kushandura mafaera eGDB kune mamwe mafomati senge shapefile kana CSV. Zvishandiso izvi zvinogona kubatsira kana iwe uchida kutumira kunze data kubva pafaira GDB kushanda navo mune mamwe software. Zvimwe zvezvishandiso izvi "GDAL" uye "OGR", inogona kushandiswa kubva mumutsara wekuraira kana kuburikidza nekunyora.

6. Kugadzirisa matambudziko akajairika pakuvhura faira reGDB

Pakuvhura faira reGDB, dzimwe nguva matambudziko akajairika anogona kumuka izvo zvinoita kuti zviome kunyatsoratidza data. Nekudaro, pane dzakasiyana mhinduro dzaungaite kuti ugadzirise matambudziko aya zviri nyore.

Imwe yemhinduro dzakajairika ndeyekuita shuwa kuti une yazvino vhezheni yesoftware yauri kushandisa kuvhura iyo GDB faira rakaiswa. Nguva zhinji, zvigadziriso zvinosanganisira kuvandudzwa uye bug kugadzirisa zvinogona kugadzirisa matambudziko yekuenderana. Kana iwe usina yazvino vhezheni, tinokurudzira kuivandudza usati waenderera.

Imwe mhinduro ndeyekutarisa kana faira reGDB rakuvadzwa kana nehuwori. Kuti uite izvi, unogona kushandisa faira yekusimbisa chishandiso kuona chero kusawirirana. Zvinokurudzirwa kutarisa kana faira rakatorwa nemazvo kana kuti rakakwana. Kana kudhawunirodha kukavhiringidzwa, zvinokwanisika kuti faira racho harina kukwana uye unozofanira kuridhawunirodha zvakare.

7. Mazano uye kurudziro paunenge uchishanda nemafaira eGDB

Paunenge uchishanda nemafaira eGDB, zvakakosha kuti urambe uchifunga mamwe matipi uye kurudziro kuti uve nechokwadi chekuita kwakatsetseka uye kwakanaka. Pazasi pane mamwe mazano anobatsira anogona kukubatsira kuti ushande nemafaira aya zvakanyanya:

1. Ita a kuchengetedza usati waita chero shanduko kuGDB faira. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti udzorere iyo yapfuura vhezheni yefaira kana chimwe chinhu chisina kumira zvakanaka.

2. Shandisa maturusi epakombiyuta ane unyanzvi kuvhura nekugadzirisa mafaira eGDB. Zvimwe zvezvishandiso zvinonyanya kufarirwa zvinosanganisira GDAL, ArcGIS, uye QGIS. Zvishandiso izvi zvinopa huwandu hwakasiyana hwezvimiro uye sarudzo dzinoita kuti kugadzirisa mafaera eGDB kuve nyore.

8. Ungavhura sei faira reGDB munzvimbo yekuronga

Kuti uvhure faira reGDB munzvimbo yekuronga, pane zvakawanda zvingasarudzwa uye zvishandiso zviripo zvinoita kuti izvi zvive nyore. Pazasi pane matanho ekutevera:

1. Shandisa PyGDBAPI: PyGDBAPI iPython interface inokubvumira kuti uwirirane nemafaira eGDB kubva kune imwe nzvimbo yepurogiramu. Kuti uishandise, unofanirwa kuisa raibhurari uchishandisa murairo unotevera mune terminal:

pip install pygdbapi

2. Import PyGDBAPI: Kana raibhurari yaiswa, unoda kuipinza mukodhi yekodhi yekushandisa mabasa ayoIzvi Zvinogona kuitwa uchishandisa mutsara unotevera wekodhi:

import gdb

3. Vhura GDB faira: Kuvhura imwe GDB faira, basa rinoshandiswa gdb.attach() ichiteverwa nezita refaira. Semuyenzaniso:

gdb.attach('archivo.gdb')

Nekutevera matanho aya, zvinogoneka kuvhura faira reGDB munzvimbo yekuronga uchishandisa raibhurari yePyGDBAPI. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuongorora uye kushandura data iri mufaira.

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9. Kuenderana neshanduro paunovhura faira reGDB

Pakuvhura faira reGDB, zvakakosha kuti utarise kuenderana kwevhezheni kuti udzivise nyaya dzisingaenderane. Pazasi pane matanho anodiwa kugadzirisa nyaya iyi:

  1. Tarisa shanduro yesoftware iri kushandiswa kuvhura iyo GDB faira. Inokurudzirwa kushandisa yazvino vhezheni yesoftware kuti ive nechokwadi chekuenderana kukuru.
  2. Kana uri kushandisa yekare vhezheni yesoftware, zvingave zvakafanira kukwidziridza kune yazvino vhezheni iripo. Tarisa webhusaiti yemugadziri kana kudhawunirodha saiti yeshanduro yazvino.
  3. Kana uchifanira kushandisa imwe vhezheni yesoftware isingaenderane neGDB faira, imwe mhinduro ndeyekushandura iyo faira kuti ienderane fomati. Pane zvishandiso zviripo online zvinokutendera kuti uite shanduko iyi. Iva nechokwadi chekutevera mirairo yakapihwa nechombo uye ita backup yefaira rekutanga usati waita chero shanduko.

Rangarira kuti zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakaringana kwesoftware uye kudzivirira matambudziko ekusawirirana. Kana iwe ukatevera matanho aya, unozokwanisa kugadzirisa dambudziko iri uye kuvhura iyo GDB faira pasina matambudziko.

10. Ungashandura sei faira reGDB kune mamwe mafomati

Kushandura faira yeGDB kune mamwe mafomati, pane zvakawanda zvingasarudzwa uye zvishandiso zviripo zvinogona kuita kuti basa rive nyore. Pazasi pane nzira nhanho nhanho Kuti uwane shanduko iyi:

  1. 1. Shandisa ArcGIS Desktop: ArcGIS Desktop software inopa kugona kushandura mafaira eGDB kune mafomati akasiyana. Kuti uite izvi, unogona kushandisa "Export Data" chishandiso chinowanikwa muArcToolbox toolbar. Kubva ipapo, unogona kusarudza yekuisa GDB faira uye sarudza yaunoda inobuda fomati. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti nzira yekushandura ingada mamwe magadzirirwo zvichienderana nemhando yekuenda.
  2. 2. Ongorora open source software sarudzo: Pamusoro peArcGIS Desktop, kune akati wandei akavhurika sosi software maturusi anogona kuita GDB faira shanduko. Aya mapurogiramu anowanzo mahara uye anopa mashandiro akafanana neanowanikwa mune zvekutengesa software. Dzimwe sarudzo dzakakurumbira dzinosanganisira QGIS, GDAL, uye OGR. Zvirongwa izvi zvinokutendera kuti utore mafaera eGDB uye woatumira kune mamwe mafomati anowirirana.
  3. 3. Consulta la documentación: Chirongwa chega chega kana chishandiso chinopa zvinyorwa zvaro zvinogona kusanganisira chaiwo tutoriki uye mienzaniso yekushandura mafaera eGDB. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti utarise zvinyorwa zveiyo chaiyo software inoshandiswa kune yakadzama mirairo uye kugadzirisa chero matambudziko angamuka panguva yekutendeuka.

11. Kukosha kwekuchengetedza pakuvhura faira reGDB

Kana uchivhura faira reGDB, zvakakosha kuti uchengete kuchengeteka mupfungwa kudzivirira chero njodzi dzinogona kuitika. Kuita chokwadi chekuti faira rinobva kune yakavimbika sosi ndiyo nhanho yekutanga mukuona kuchengetedzwa kwehurongwa hwedu. Pamusoro pezvo, isu tinofanirwa kunge takagadziridza maturusi ekuchengetedza uye toita scan yezvinotyisidzira tisati tavhura faira.

Chimwe chinhu chakakosha kufunga nezvekuvandudza software yedu. Kuchengeta GDB yedu yekushandisa uye sisitimu yedu yekushandisa inoenderana neshanduro dzedziviriro dzichatibatsira kudzivirira njodzi uye kurwiswa kunobvira. Zvinogara zvichikurudzirwa kutarisa kana paine zvigadziriso zviripo usati wavhura faira.

Pamusoro pezvo, zvakakosha kuti uzive njodzi dzine chekuita nekubata mafaera eGDB, kunyanya kana faira racho riine data rakadzama. Zvinokurudzirwa kudzivirira kuvhura mafaera eGDB kubva kunzvimbo dzisingazivikanwe kana fungidziro, nekuti anogona kunge aine malware kana kushandiswa kuwana zvisiri pamutemo system yedu.

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12. Mavhura sei faira reGDB mune specialized geodatabase software

Kuti uvhure faira reGDB mune yakasarudzika geodatabase software, zvakakosha kutevedzera mashoma akakosha matanho. Chekutanga, ita shuwa kuti une yakakodzera GIS software yakaiswa pakombuta yako, seArcGIS, QGIS, kana GRASS GIS. Aya mapurogiramu ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa uye anokwanisa kuvhura nekushanda nemafaira eGDB.

Kana wangoisa software yeGIS, vhura chirongwa uye tsvaga "Vhura Faira" kana "New Layer" sarudzo. Zvichienderana nesoftware, iyi sarudzo inogona kunge iri munzvimbo dzakasiyana mumenyu. Kana wangowana sarudzo, tinya pairi.

Tevere, hwindo rekufambisa rinovhura paunogona kutsvaga uye wosarudza iyo GDB faira raunoda kuvhura. Bhurawuza mafolder ako nemadhairekitori kusvika wawana yaunoda GDB faira. Dzvanya kaviri faira kana sarudza "Vhura" kuti uiise kuGIS software. Kana iyo GDB faira yaiswa, iwe unozokwanisa kuwana uye kuona iyo data iri muiyo geodatabase, senge layers, hunhu, uye hukama.

13. Ungavhura sei faira reGDB pane nharembozha

Kuvhura faira reGDB pane nharembozha kungaite sekunetsa, asi nematanho akakodzera, unogona kuwana mafaera aya pasina matambudziko. Pano tinopa nhanho-ne-nhanho gwara kuti iwe ugone kuvhura uye kuona mafaira eGDB pane nharembozha yako.

1. Dhaunirodha app yeGDB yekuona faira panharembozha yako. Pane akati wandei sarudzo dziripo muzvitoro zveapp, senge "GDB Viewer" kana "GDB File Viewer". Aya maapplication achakubvumidza iwe kuvhura uye kuongorora mafaera eGDB pane chako kifaa.

2. Kana wangoisa application, vhura wosarudza sarudzo yekuvhura faira. Wobva wafamba uchienda kunzvimbo yauine GDB faira rakachengetwa pafoni yako. Kana iwe usingazive kuti faira iri kupi, unogona kushandisa iyo app yekutsvaga basa kuti uiwane.

14. Maitiro akanaka ekuvhura nekushanda nemafaira eGDB

Kuvhura nekushanda nemafaira eGDB kungaite sekutyisa pekutanga, asi nekutevera mashoma akapusa maitiro, unogona kugona basa iri zviri nyore uye nemazvo. Pano tinopa zvimwe mazano nemazano izvo zvichakubatsira kuwana zvakanyanya kubva kune aya marudzi emafaira.

1. Shandisa software yakakosha: Kuti uvhure uye ushande nemafaira eGDB, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa software yega yeGeodatabase, senge Esri's ArcGIS software. Zvishandiso izvi zvinopa intuitive interface uye mabasa akasarudzika anorerutsa maitiro ekubata mafaera aya.

2. Tora backup usati watanga: Usati waita chero zvigadziriso kufaira reGDB, zvakakosha kuti uite backup yedata rekutanga. Nenzira iyi, kana ukakanganisa, unogona kudzoreredza iyo yekutanga vhezheni pasina kurasikirwa kana kukuvara.

Muchidimbu, kuvhura faira reGDB kunogona kunge kuri nyore kana matanho akakodzera akateverwa. Kunyangwe isu tiri kushanda mundima ye geoinformation kana mundima yekuvandudza software, kunzwisisa kuvhura nekugadzirisa mafaera eGDB hunyanzvi hwakakosha. Kuburikidza nechinyorwa chino, takaongorora nzira dzakasiyana dzekuvhura faira reGDB, kungave kushandisa nyanzvi software kana kutora mukana wezvishandiso zvemuno. masisitimu ekushanda. Takadzidza kuti mafaera eGDB anowanzo shandiswa muGeographic Information Systems maapplication uye ane zvine chekuita negeospatial data. Pamusoro pezvo, takaongorora matanho anodiwa kuvhura faira reGDB muArcGIS, QGIS, uye kushandisa maturusi akakodzera ekuderedza. Neruzivo urwu, unenge wakagadzirira kuvhura uye kushanda nemafaira eGDB zvinobudirira uye shandisa simba rayo rakazara mumapurojekiti ako. Gara uine chokwadi chekutevera zvakanakisa maitiro uye gara uchidzidza nezve zvishandiso zvitsva uye matekiniki anowanikwa mumunda we geoinformation.