Chii chinonzi Tmux: Mutungamiriri Wekutanga

Iko kune yekuraira mutsara chishandiso chekubata nemasevhisi akawanda anozivikanwa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzeUnix, senge Linux kana macOS. Muchikamu chino tichatsanangura chii chinonzi Tmux. Bhuku rinobatsira rinobatsira kune vanotanga.

Tmux chidimbu che Terminal Multiplexer. Tsanangudzo yemultiplexer kana tichitaura nezve materminals ndeye chirongwa chinobvumira mushandisi maneja akawanda madhiri masesheni mukati meimwe terminal. Chinhu chinonyanya kushanda pakushanda nemaseva ari kure kana paine kudikanwa kwekuita akawanda mirairo panguva imwe chete mumahwindo akasiyana.

Chii chinonzi Tmux?

Seyakanaka terminal multiplexer, Tmux inotibvumira patsanura imwe terminal sesheni kuita akawanda mahwindo kana mapaneru mukati meiyo terminal hwindo pachayo. Nenzira iyi, tinogona govera imwe neimwe yeaya madiki windows kuti iite zvirongwa zvakasiyana kana masesheni shell. Izvo, zvirinani, yaive chinangwa chemusiki wayo, Nicholas Marriott, payakatangisa yekutanga vhezheni yeiyi multiplexer muna 2007.

Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza ndechekuti inotibvumira bvisa uye ubatanidze kune chikamu chero nguva pasina kukanganisa maitiro ari kushanda. Izvi zviri nyore kwazvo kana uchibata nekubatanidza kure kana mabasa enguva refu.

Aya maficha anoita Tmux software kunyanya kukodzera kune mamwe marudzi emabasa. Somuenzaniso, izvi:

• Kuvandudza pamaseva ari kure.
• Automation uye kuongorora mabasa.
• Sangano rinoshanda remabasa akawanda.

Nzira yakajairika yekushandisa Tmux ndeye kugadzira akawanda akazvimirira masesheni. (imwe yekusimudzira, imwe yekutarisa, vamwe kutonga sevha, nezvimwewo) iyo yatinogona kubata zvakanaka kubva kune imwechete yekutarisa, tichikwanisa kusvetuka kubva pane imwe chikamu kuenda kune imwe nyore uye chero nguva yatinoda.

Maitiro ekuisa Tmux

Zvino zvataziva kuti Tmux chii, ngationei kuti tingaiisa sei pakombuta yedu. Kuisa Tmux iri nyore pane Unix-yakavakirwa masisitimu anoshanda senge macOS kana Linux. Tinozvitsanangura pasi apa:

PamacOS

Kuisa Tmux pane macOS Tmux isu tinoshandisa package maneja Homebrew. Iyi ndiyo mirairo yatinofanira kushandisa mune terminal:

1. Zve kuisa homebrew: «$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)«
2. Zve isa Tmux: brew gadza tmux
3. Zve chengetedza kuiswa: tmux -V

PaLinux

Kana iri masisitimu akavakirwa paArch Linux, zvinokwanisika kuisa Tmux kubva kune yepamutemo Arch repository. Iyo nzira iri nyore:

• Danho 1: Isu tinovhura terminal.
• Nhanho yechipiri: Isu tinoisa Tmux tichishandisa iyo package maneja pacman:

Pamahwindo

Ehe, zvinogoneka zvakare kuisa Tmux paWindows, kunyangwe mune iyi kesi maitiro acho akanyanya kuoma:

1. Danho rekutanga nderokuti isa WSL (Sisitimu yeWindows yeLinux). Kuti uite izvi, vhura PowerShell semutungamiri uye shandisa murairo uyu: wsl -install
2. Mushure me isu tinovhura yedu Linux kugovera mukati meWSL uye tinotevera mirairo. Mirairo yatinoda ndeiyi:
   • sudo apt update
   • sudo apt kuisa tmux
3. Pakupedzisira, kutanga kushandisa Tmux tinoita murairo uyu: tmux

Maitiro ekushandisa Tmux

Kutanga kushandisa Tmux, unofanira kutanga wanzwisisa kuti sangano rako rakaita sei. Chikamu chega chega chakavhurika chinosanganisira boka remahwindo. Imwe neimwe yemahwindo aya yakaenzana ne terminal, saka chikamu chimwe chete chinogona kuva nemahwindo akawanda. Pakupedzisira, mahwindo anogona zvakare kukamurwa kuita mapaneru.

Chinhu chinotibvumira kushandisa Tmux nekukurumidza mukana wekushandisa zvakasiyana zvidimburiko zve keyboard. Aya ndiwo anonyanya kukosha uye anobatsira:

• Tmux prefix: Ctrl+b
• Gadzira hwindo idzva: Ctrl + b, uye c
• Kupatsanura hwindo (yakatwasuka): Ctrl + b, ipapo «
• Kupatsanura hwindo (yakatwasuka): Ctrl + b, ipapo%
• Famba pakati pemapanera: Ctrl + b, tobva tashandisa miseve.
• Disconnect session: Ctrl + b, uye d
• Batanidza zvakare chikamu: tmux attach
• Vhara panhi kana hwindo: kubuda kana Ctrl + d

Pamusoro peizvi, Tmux inotipa inonakidza sarudzo dzekugadzirisa. Izvi zvinogoneka nekugadzira faira yekumisikidza iyo mushandisi wega wega anogona kuwedzera kodhi zvinoenderana nezvavanoda uye zvavanoda.

Kuti ugadzire iyi faira, unofanirwa kumhanya unotevera kuraira: sudo touch ~/.tmux.conf

Kuti tiwedzere kodhi yekumisikidza, isu tinofanirwa kuvhura iyo faira nemupepeti wemavara uye tiise marongero atinoda. Hezvo voenda mimwe mienzaniso yatinogona kushandisa:

Shandura chivakashure chekutanga

Dai taida Ctrl+a pachinzvimbo cheCtrl+b, taizonyora zvinotevera:

# Chinja prefix kubva pa'Ctrl+B' kuenda 'Ctrl+A'

sunungura Cb

set-option -g prefix Ca

bind-key Ca send-prefix

Shandisa mouse mode

Kubvisa nemapfupi mapfupi uye fambisa windows uye mapaneru uchishandisa mbeva. Murairo unoti:

set -g mouse on

Shandura ruvara rwekumashure

Kana iwe uchida kushandura kumashure kubva kune dema (default) kuita chena, uyu ungave iwo murairo wekushandisa:

set -g window-active-style bg=white

Iwe uchawana akawanda mamwe maitiro emhando iyi pawebhu TMUXCheatSheet.

Muchidimbu, zvese zvatatsanangura pano zvinotibatsira kupedzisa kuti Tmux chii: chishandiso chine simba uye chinoshanda, kunyanya kune vanogadzira uye system administrator. Kazhinji, kune chero mushandisi anoda Shanda nemazvo nematerminals akawanda uye panguva imwe chete.