Cultural relativism ipfungwa ye theoretical iyo yakatora chinzvimbo chakatanhamara mumunda weanthropology uye mamwe maitiro emagariro. Ichi chikoro chepfungwa chinomiririra kuti kunzwisisa uye kukoshesa tsika dzetsika, hunhu uye maitiro zvinofanirwa kuongororwa mukati meiyo chaiyo mamiriro etsika yega yega, nekudaro kudzivirira chero kutonga kwehukuru kana kudzikira pakati pavo. Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora zvakadzama tsananguro yetsika nemagariro, kuongorora mienzaniso chaiyo inoratidza maonero aya, uye nekuongorora kushoropodza kwakaiswa pairi makore apfuura. Kuburikidza neongororo iyi, tinovavarira kujekesa hwaro hwedzidziso uye zvinobatika zvetsika nemagariro mukudzidza kwetsika dzakasiyana.
1. Tsanangudzo yeCultural Relativism: Pfungwa uye chiyero
Cultural relativism inguva yehuzivi inosimbisa kuti chokwadi nehunhu hune hukama netsika dzavanowanikwa. Pfungwa iyi inobva papfungwa yokuti tsika dzakasiyana-siyana dzinogona kuva nemaonero nemaitiro akasiyana, uye kuti hapana tsika inogona kuonekwa seyakakwirira kana kuti yakaderera pane imwe.
Hukuro hwehukama hwemagariro hwakatambanudzwa, sezvo huchibatanidza mativi ese etsika, kusanganisira zvinotendwa, hunhu, maitiro netsika. Izvi zvinoreva kuti tsika yega yega ine hurongwa hwayo hwezvainotendwa nezvainokoshera, uye kuti misiyano iyi inofanirwa kuremekedzwa nekunzwisiswa pasina kuisa mitongo yekukosha.
Cultural relativism inotaurawo kuti hakuna chokwadi chakakwana kana chepasi rose, asi kuti tsika imwe neimwe ine chokwadi chayo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hunhu netsika dzeimwe tsika hazvigone kushanda pasi rose kune dzimwe tsika dzese, sezvo dzakadzika midzi mumagariro avo chaiwo. Nokudaro, kuwirirana kwetsika kunoda kukurudzira kushivirira nekuremekedza kusiyana kwetsika, kudzivisa kuiswa kwemaonero etsika imwe chete.
2. Nheyo dzehuzivi dzeCultural Relativism
Dzinobva pafungidziro yekuti hakuna chokwadi chakakwana uye chine chinangwa maererano nehunhu, zvinotendwa uye tsika dzenzanga. Uhwu huzivi huripo hunosimbisa kuti tsika dzose dzakafanana uye kuti mupimo wepasi rose haugoni kusimbiswa kuti udzitonge.
Imwe yemabhesi makuru eCultural Relativism iri mumusimboti wetsika maonero. Zvinoenderana nemaitiro aya, vanhu uye nzanga vanodudzira chokwadi kuburikidza neyavo yetsika lenzi, iyo inopesvedzera mafungire avo, maitiro, uye maonero avanoita nyika. Nokudaro, tsika imwe neimwe ine chokwadi chayo uye haigoni kuiswa pasi pechiyero chekunze.
Imwe nheyo yakakosha yeCultural Relativism kuremekedza kusiyana kwetsika. Iyi yazvino uno inodzivirira pfungwa yokuti hakuna tsika iri pamusoro kana kuti yakaderera kune imwe, sezvo imwe neimwe ine upfumi hwayo noukoshi hwomukati. Kune Cultural Relativism, kuwanda uye kushivirira zvinhu zvakakosha zvinobvumira kugarisana murunyararo uye kunzwisisana pakati petsika dzakasiyana.
Muchidimbu, Cultural Relativism yakavakirwa papfungwa yekuti hapana chokwadi chakakwana, chine chinangwa munhau dzetsika. Inoziva kukosha kwemaonero etsika uye inosimudzira ruremekedzo rwezvakasiyana-siyana sehwaro hwekugarisana kwakanaka pakati pevanhu. Uhwu huzivi hwazvino hunoda kupikisa kutonga kwekukosha uye rusaruro rwetsika, zvichivhura nzira yenhaurirano inopfumisa yetsika.
3. Nheyo dzakakosha dzeCultural Relativism mukudzidza tsika
Cultural Relativism idzidziso yeanthropological inotsvaga kunzwisisa uye kuongorora tsika dzakasiyana dziripo. munyika. Kuti uite izvi, inotongwa nenhevedzano yemisimboti yakakosha inotungamira kudzidza kwayo nekuongorora. Misimboti iyi yakakosha pakunzwisisa kusiyana kwetsika nekunzvenga kutongwa kwehukoshi zvichibva pamaonero amwechete.
Nheyo yekutanga yakakosha yeCultural Relativism kucherechedzwa kuti tsika dzese dzakafanana uye dzinofanirwa kuremekedzwa. Iko hakuna yakakwira kana yakaderera tsika, ivo vese vane yavo tsika, tsika uye zvirevo. Iyi nheyo inoreva mafungiro ekusununguka uye kushivirira kune dzimwe tsika, zvichivabvumira kukosheswa kubva mumagariro avo pachavo.
Imwe musimboti wakakosha weCultural Relativism ndiko kunzwisisa kuti hunhu hwetsika hunofanirwa kuongororwa kubva kune yayo yega referensi system. Izvi zvinoreva kuti tsika yetsika haigone kutongwa kana kuongororwa nemaonero eimwe tsika. Tsika imwe neimwe ine chimiro chayo chekutaura chinoita kuti inzwisiswe uye ine revo kunhengo dzayo.
4. Mienzaniso yeCultural Relativism: Cultural diversity at the global level
Cultural relativism inobatanidza huwandu hwakawanda hwezvitendero uye maitiro anosiyana zvakanyanya kutenderera pasirese. Pano tinopa mimwe mienzaniso zvakakosha zvekusiyana kwetsika pasi rose:
1. Tsika dzechikafu: Imwe yezviratidziro zviri pachena zvekudyidzana kwetsika ndiko kusiyana kwetsika dzechikafu dziripo munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi. Kubva pane zvinopisa uye zvinonhuwirira cuisine zveMexico kusvika kune zvakashongedzerwa ndiro dzeFrench haute cuisine, tsika yega yega ine yakasarudzika yakasarudzika yezvekudya uye matekiniki. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kunyange chinhu chakakosha sechikafu chinogona kuratidza sei kusiyana kwetsika..
2. Chitendero nekunamata: Chitendero uye zvekunamata zvinoratidzawo kusiyana kwetsika pasi rose. Kubva kuchiHindu muIndia kusvika kuchiIslam kuMiddle East uye chiKristu munyika yokuMadokero, tsika imwe neimwe ine zvitendero zvayo zvayo zvorudzidziso nemiitiro. Izvi zvinoratidza kukosha kwekuremekedza nekunzwisisa maonero echitendero akasiyana.
3. Mapfekero netsika: Mapfekero netsika mumwe muenzaniso wokusiyana kwetsika munyika yose. Kubva kumasarasi ane mavara ekuIndia kusvika kumapfekero echinyakare echiJapan uye masutu anoyevedza ekuMadokero, tsika yega yega ine mapfekero ayo akasiyana. Uyezve, tsika nemiitiro zvine chokuita nezviitiko zvinokosha, zvakadai semichato nemariro, zvinosiyana-siyana mutsika dzakasiyana. Izvi zvinosimbisa kukosha kwekunzwisisa nekuremekedza tsika dzechivanhu kana tichidyidzana nevanhu vanobva kwakasiyana siyana..
Muchidimbu, relativism yetsika inozviratidza mukusiyana kwetsika padanho repasi rose. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kuonekwa mumitambo yezvokudya, chitendero uye zvemweya, uyewo mune zvipfeko uye tsika. Zvakakosha kutarisisa nekuremekedza kusiyana kwetsika uku kukurudzira kuwirirana nekunzwisisana pakati pemapoka akasiyana munharaunda..
5. Cultural Relativism uye simba rayo pane anthropology yemazuva ano
Cultural relativism inzira yedzidziso mukati meanthropology yemazuva ano inosimbisa kuti hunhu, tsika nezvitendero zvetsika zvinofanirwa kunzwisiswa mukati memagariro avo. Maonero aya anocherekedza kusiyana kwetsika uye anotsvaka kunzvenga mitongo yeukoshi inobva pazviyero zvekunze. Panzvimbo pekushandisa zvikamu zvepasi rose, relativism yetsika inotsvaka kunzwisisa nekuongorora zviitiko zvetsika nemaonero evatori vechikamu vetsika iyoyo.
Pesvedzero yehukama hwetsika pane yemazuva ano anthropology yave yakakosha. Mamiriro edzidziso aya akaita kuti vanhu vacherechedzwe zvikuru uye varemekedzwe kusiyana kwetsika, vachipikisa pfungwa yekuti kune tsika dzepamusoro kana dzakaderera. Yakabatsira kukudza kunzwisisa kwekusiyana kwevanhu uye yakakurudzira nzira inosanganisirwa yetsika dzechivanhu nedzevashoma.
Cultural relativism yakave nemhedzisiro pane anthropological research nzira. Anthropologists vanotora nzira iyi vanotsvaga kutora chikamu munharaunda yavanofunda, kuti vawane kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwemaitiro nezvitendero zvayo. Iyi nzira yakakonzerawo kutarisisa kukuru mune anthropology, uko vaongorori vanoziva uye kusava nechokwadi nezvavo zvetsika zvakarerekera uye fungidziro. Pakupedzisira, relativism yetsika yakasimudzira nzira yakanyatsoenderana uye inonzwira tsitsi pakudzidza tsika dzevanhu.
6. Kutsoropodza kweCultural Relativism: Matambudziko nemakakatanwa
Mumakore achangopfuura, kuwirirana kwetsika kwave kuri nyaya yokushoropodzwa kukuru uye gakava. Mupfungwa iyi, matambudziko akasiyana-siyana nemakakatanwa akamutswa maererano nedzidziso iyi. Rimwe rematambudziko makuru riri mukuoma kwekugadza mimwe miganhu mumunda wekusiyana kwetsika. Kana zvikagamuchirwa kuti tsika dzose dzinoshanda zvakaenzana, kwakaoma kuona pakati pemiitiro yetsika inogona kurangarirwa kuva inoremekedzwa neiyo inogona kurangarirwa kuva inokuvadza kana kuti inokuvadza. Uku kushaikwa kwemaitiro akajeka kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa, kunyanya kana kodzero dzevanhu dzichityorwa muzita reimwe tsika kana tsika.
Rimwe dambudziko rine chekuita netsika nemagariro ndiko kukanganisa kwaro papfungwa yepasi rose rekodzero dzevanhu. Nekukakavara kuti mipimo yetsika nehunhu ine hukama uye inotsamira patsika dzavanowanikwa, pfungwa yekuti kune kodzero dzakakoshesesa dzinowanikwa kuvanhu vese, zvisinei nemagariro avo, inodzikisirwa. Kukakavadzana uku kunomuka kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu apo tsika dzakati dzetsika dzinotyora kodzero dzevanhu dzinozivikanwa pasi rose, dzakadai sekuchekwa kwevakadzi kana kuti uranda.
Pamusoro pazvo, gakava pamusoro pekugarisana kwetsika rinoenderanawo nemubvunzo wekuti tingagadzirisa sei magariro akawanda. munharaunda current. Kana zvikagamuchirwa kuti tsika dzese dzakafanana uye hapana tsika inogona kutongwa, dambudziko rinomuka rekugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu apo tsika dzetsika dzinopokana. Semuenzaniso, tinofanira kuita sei kana mamwe maitiro etsika achipesana netsika dzinokosha uye kodzero dzenzanga? Aya matambudziko anounza matambudziko akakosha kana zvasvika pakuvaka nzanga dzinosanganisirwa uye dzinoremekedza kusiyana kwetsika, ichiri kuvimbisa kodzero nehunhu hwepasirese hunosimudzira kuenzana uye chiremera chevanhu vese.
7. Miganho yetsika yeCultural Relativism
Imwe yemafungiro anokakavadzana zvikuru mukati mehutsika ndeyekuenderana kwetsika. Maonero aya anotsigira kuti tsika dzetsika dzinoenderana netsika imwe neimwe uye kuti hapana misimboti yepasi rose inogona kushandiswa kunzanga dzese. Zvisinei, kune mimwe miganho yetsika iyo inofanirwa kutariswa kunyange kubva pamaonero aya.
Chekutanga, zvakakosha kuziva kuti hapana tsika ine kodzero yekumanikidza hunhu kana maitiro anotyora kodzero dzevanhu dzakakosha. Pasinei nekusiyana kwetsika, kune nheyo dzepasi rose dzinofanira kuremekedzwa munzanga dzose. Semuyenzaniso, kurwadziswa, huranda kana kuuraya rudzi zviito zvisingagamuchirwi kubva kune chero maonero ehutsika.
Nekuda kwekuenderana kwetsika, miganhu yetsika inogona kusiyana pakati penharaunda dzakasiyana. Zvakadaro, zvakakosha kuti titange nhaurirano dzetsika nemagariro kuti tikudzire kuremekedzana nekunzwisisana. Zvakakosha kukurudzira gakava rakasununguka uye kuchinjana kwemafungiro pakati petsika dzakasiyana, nguva dzose kutsvaga kugara zvakanaka uye kuremekedzwa kwekodzero dzevanhu sezvinangwa zvakafanana. Nenzira iyi, tinogona kuwana nzvimbo yepakati apo kusiyana kwetsika kunoremekedzwa, asi zvose hunhu hwakakosha hwevanhu hunochengetedzwa.
8. Gakava pamusoro pechokwadi cheCultural Relativism mumamiriro azvino
Cultural Relativism chikoro chepfungwa chinosimbisa kuti hapana nzira yepasirese uye yakakwana yekutonga tsika, tsika uye tsika dzenzanga dzakasiyana. Zvisinei, mumamiriro ezvinhu aripo, gakava iri rakakonzera kukakavara kukuru nekuda kwezvinzvimbo zvakasiyana zvakagamuchirwa.
Kutanga, vatsigiri veCultural Relativism vanopikisa kuti nzanga imwe neimwe ine tsika nemaitiro ayo, uye kuti hazvina kukodzera kutonga kana kukoshesa tsika dzedzimwe nharaunda kubva pamaonero edu. Kwavari, tsika dzese dzakafanana uye dzinofanirwa kuremekedzwa.
Ukuwo, vatsoropodzi vayo vanotaura kuti Cultural Relativism inogona kutungamirira kukuwirirana kwetsika, ndiko kuti, kupfungwa yokuti hakuna zvokwadi dzakakwana dzetsika. Izvi zvinogona kureva kuti zviito zvakaita seuranda, mhirizhonga kuvanhukadzi kana rusarura ganda zvinoonekwa sezvakanaka mune dzimwe tsika, izvo zvinounza kupesana kwakajeka nemitemo yepasi rose yekodzero dzevanhu.
Muchidimbu, akaomesesa uye anopa zvikonzero zvakasimba zvekupikisa uye zve. Zvakakosha kubvunza zvatinotenda uye maonero edu, asi zvakakoshawo kusimudzira kodzero dzevanhu pasi rose uye kurwisa chero rudzi rwerusarura kana kusarurama. [KUPERA
9. Kukosha kweCultural Relativism mukusimudzira kuremekedzana kwetsika
Cultural relativism idzidziso inoziva uye inokoshesa kusiyana kwetsika, kunzwisisa kuti hapana tsika yepamusoro kune vamwe. Mukusimudzira kuremekedzana kwetsika nemagariro, relativism yetsika inoita basa rinokosha mukukurudzira kunzwisisa uye kugamuchirwa kwemisiyano pakati petsika dzakasiyana.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zvetsika relativism ndiko kusimbisa kwayo kushivirira uye kuremekedza tsika, zvitendero uye hunhu hwedzimwe tsika. Nekunzwisisa kuti tsika dzese dzakafanana, kuremekedzana kunosimbiswa uye kutonga kwetsika kana rusaruro kunodziviswa.
Pamusoro pazvo, relativism yetsika inosimudzira nhaurirano yetsika nemagariro, zvichiita kuti kutaurirana pakati pevanhu vemarudzi akasiyana. Nekunzwisisa uye kuremekedza maonero akasiyana etsika, kusanzwisisana kusingakoshi nekukonana kunogona kudziviswa. Iyi nzira inobvumira kudyidzana kukuru nekusiyana kwetsika uye inobatsira mukunzwisisana kukuru uye kugamuchirwa.
10. Cultural Relativism maringe neUniversalism: A Comparative Approach
Cultural relativism uye universalism nzira mbiri dzinopokana kana zvasvika pakunzwisisa uye kuongorora tsika dzetsika. Cultural relativism inotsigira kuti tsika dzese dzakafanana uye hadzigone kutongwa kana kuenzaniswa kune imwe neimwe. Zvinoenderana nemaonero aya, zvimiro uye hunhu hwetsika yega yega zviri mukati uye hazvigone kubvunzurudzwa nemaitiro ekunze. Kusiyana neizvi, dzidziso yepasi rose inotaura kuti kune nheyo dzetsika netsika dzepasi pose dzinopfuura kusiyana kwetsika uye kuti mimwe miitiro inogona kurangarirwa sezvakanaka kana kuti zvakaipa.
Kuti unzwisise zviri nani maonero maviri aya, zvinobatsira kuita kuenzanisa kwakadzama kwehunhu hwavo hukuru. Cultural relativism inosimbisa kusiyana kwetsika uye pfungwa yekuti tsika yega yega ine pfungwa dzayo uye kubatana kwemukati. Kwakavakirwa panheyo yokushivirira nokuremekedza misiyano yetsika. Nekune rimwe divi, hutongi hwejekerere hunoratidza kuenzana kwehunhu uye hunoratidza kuti kune kodzero dzevanhu pasi rose dzinofanirwa kuremekedzwa munharaunda dzese, zvisinei netsika dzetsika.
Makakatanwa ari pakati pemaonero maviri aya aunza gakava rakakura muzvikamu zvakaita setsika, anthropology nesociology. Vanorwira relativism yetsika vanopikisa kuti universalism imhando yeimperialism yetsika isingaremekedze kuzvitonga kwetsika dzevanhu. Nekune rimwe divi, vanotsigira dzidziso yepasi rose vanoti kuwirirana kwetsika kunogona kukonzera kuenderana kwetsika, uko miitiro yetsika dzakadai sekuchekwa kwevakadzi kana uranda husingagone kushorwa nekuti itsika dzetsika.
11. Cultural Relativism uye pfungwa yekodzero dzevanhu
Munzvimbo yekodzero dzevanhu, kugarisana kwetsika kunopa dambudziko rakakosha. Iyi nzira inosimbisa kuti kodzero dzevanhu dzinofanirwa kunzwisiswa uye kushandiswa zvinoenderana nemaitiro uye hunhu hwetsika yega yega. Zvisinei, chimiro ichi chaunza gakava guru, sezvo chichigona kutungamirira kururamiso yezviito zvinotyora kodzero dzevanhu.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kuremekedzwa nekusimudzirwa kwekodzero dzevanhu kwatekeshera pasi rose uye hakufanire kuenderana netsika nemagariro kana tsika. Chiziviso Chekodzero Dzevanhu Chose chinogadza hwaro hwakasimba hwekuchengetedzwa kwekodzero dzevanhu vose, pasinei nekwavakabva kana tsika dzavo.
Nenzira iyi, zvakakosha kuwana kuenzanisa pakati pekuremekedza kusiyana kwetsika nekuchengetedzwa kwekodzero dzevanhu. Zvakakosha kukurudzira nhaurirano dzetsika nekusimudzira dzidzo yekodzero dzevanhu kusimudzira shanduko dzakanaka munharaunda. Kukoshesa nekuremekedza kusiyana kwetsika hakurevi kushivirira kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu, asi kutsvaga mhinduro dzinoenderana nemisimboti yakakosha yehutongi hwejekerere nekuremekedzwa kwevanhu vese.
Zvakakosha kuti tinzwisise kuti relativism yetsika haigone kushandiswa sechikonzero chekufuratira kana kushivirira kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu. Kubatana kwekodzero dzevanhu pasi rose kunoreva kuti vanhu vose vane kodzero dzakafanana uye vanofanira kuchengetedzwa kubva kune chero rudzi rwerusarura kana mhirizhonga, zvisinei netsika dzavo kana tsika. Nzira yekodzero dzevanhu inotsvaga kukunda zvipingamupinyi zvetsika uye kuona kuti vanhu vose vane mikana yakaenzana uye hupenyu hune chiremera. Tichifunga nezvemisimboti iyi, zvinokwanisika kuwana mhinduro dzinoyananisa kusiyana kwetsika nekuremekedza kodzero dzevanhu.
12. Cultural Relativism uye basa redzidzo yemarudzi akawanda
Munyika iri kuwedzera yepasi rose uye yakasiyana-siyana, kugarisana kwetsika kwazova musoro wenyaya yakakosha. Kunzwisisa uye kukoshesa tsika dzakasiyana kwakakosha kukurudzira kushivirira neruremekedzo munharaunda yedu. Dzidzo yetsika dzakasiyana inoita basa rakakosha mu maitiro aya, sezvo richitsvaka kusimudzira kunzwisiswa kwemisiyano yetsika uye kukurudzira kugarisana kune tsinhirano pakati pavanhu vemavambo akasiyana.
Dzidzo yemarudzi akawanda ine chinangwa chayo chikuru chekupa vadzidzi ruzivo rwakadzama uye rwunopfumisa pamusoro petsika dzakasiyana dzepasi. Izvi zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwezvinhu zvine chekuita nenhoroondo, tsika, tsika uye kukosha kwemapoka akasiyana etsika. Pamusoro pazvo, rinotsvaga kukurudzira kunzwira tsitsi nekunzwira tsitsi kune dzimwe tsika, kuburikidza nezviitiko zvedzidzo zvinokurudzira kupanana mazano nekudyidzana pakati pevadzidzi vemarudzi akasiyana netsika dzakabva.
Kuita dzidzo yemarudzi akawanda zvinobudirira, zvinodikanwa kuve nenyanzvi dzakadzidziswa muchidzidzo uye zviwanikwa zvedzidzo zvakakwana. Vadzidzisi vanofanira kunge vachiziva nzira dzakasiyana dzekudzidzisa nekudzidza kwevadzidzi vanobva kutsika dzakasiyana. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinhu zvekudzidzisa zvakaita semabhuku, mafirimu, uye media media zvinogona kushandiswa zvinoratidza kusiyana kwetsika nenzira kwayo uye neruremekedzo. Saizvozvo, zvakakosha kukurudzira kutora chikamu kwevadzidzi muzviitiko zvinokurudzira kudyidzana, semapurojekiti ekubatana uye kushanya kunharaunda dzenzvimbo.
Dzidzo yemarudzi akawanda haibatsiri vadzidzi chete, asiwo nzanga yose. Kuburikidza nekunzwisisa nekukoshesa kusiyana kwetsika, mikana yakaenzana inosimudzirwa uye inobatsira mukuvakwa kwenzanga inosanganisirwa uye ine rusaruro. Dzidzo yetsika nemagariro idanho rakakosha rakananga mukubvisa fungidziro dzetsika nerusaruro, zvichikurudzira kugarisana murunyararo uye budiriro izere yevanhu vese. Ibasa revatambi vese vedzidzo kushanda pamwe chete kusimudzira nekusimbisa dzidzo yetsika dzakasiyana muzvikoro zvedu nenharaunda.
13. Kutarisana nemaonero akaenzana: Kufungisisa kwakakosha paCultural Relativism
Mukutsvaga maonero akaenzana, zvakakosha kukurudzira kufungisisa kweCultural Relativism. Sezvo isu tichiongorora kuoma kwetsika dzakasiyana uye hunhu hwadzo, zvakakosha kuchengetedza chinangwa uye maitiro ekuongorora. Kuti tiite izvi, tinogona kutevera matanho anotevera:
1. Nzwisisa izvo zvakakosha zveCultural Relativism: Izvo zvakakosha kuve nekunzwisisa kwakajeka kwemisimboti uye pfungwa dzinotsigira iyi huzivi hwazvino. Izvi zvinosanganisira kudzidza ma theorists kumashure kweCultural Relativism, saFranz Boas naClifford Geertz, uye kujairana navo. pfungwa huru.
2. Ongorora zvakadzama Cultural Relativism: Kana tangowana hwaro hweruzivo hwakasimba, zvakakosha kuti titarise zvine hungwaru zvakanakira uye zvausingakwanisi. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuongorora kuti Cultural Relativism ingatibatsira sei kunzwisisa nekuremekedza kusiyana kwetsika, panguva imwe kuti tinorangarira ngozi dzingabvira dzokuwira mukuwirirana kwakanyanyisa kwetsika.
3. Tsvaga nzvimbo yekuenzanisa: Chekupedzisira, tinofanira kuedza kuwana nzvimbo yepakati pakati pehukama hwetsika nekuomerera kumisimboti yetsika dzepasi rose. Kunyange zvazvo zvichikosha kuremekedza uye kukoshesa kusiyana kwetsika, tinofanirawo kuisa miganhu yakajeka panyaya yetsika dzinotyora kodzero dzevanhu dzinokosha kana kuti dzinokurudzira kusashivirira uye kusaruramisira.
14. Remangwana reCultural Relativism: Matambudziko nemikana
Remangwana reCultural Relativism rinopa nhevedzano yematambudziko nemikana inofanirwa kutariswa kuti iwane kunzwisisa kuri nani uye kugarisana pakati petsika. Rimwe rematambudziko makuru nderekuwana kuenzanisa pakati pekuremekedza kusiyana kwetsika nekusimudzira kodzero dzevanhu pasi rose. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyange zvazvo tichifanira kuziva nekukoshesa kusiyana kwetsika nemagariro, hatigoni kuvabvumira kuti vapembedze maitiro anotyora misimboti inokosha yekuenzana, rusununguko nechiremera.
Kutarisana nedambudziko iri, zvakakosha kusimudzira nhaurirano dzetsika nedzidzo muhunhu hwepasi rose. Izvi zvinosanganisira kukurudzira kunzwisisana nekuremekedzana pakati petsika dzakasiyana, pamwe nekusimbisa ruzivo rwakanyanya rwevanhu nezvekodzero dzevanhu uye kukosha kwekuenzana kwevanhukadzi, kusarura uye kuremekedzwa kwekusiyana-siyana. Kuburikidza nedzidzo uye kuziva, fungidziro nerusaruro zvinoparira rusarura rwetsika zvinogona kukurirwa.
Uyezve, zvakakosha kumisa mitemo uye nzira dzinokurudzira kubatanidzwa uye kushanda nesimba kwevanhu vose vevanhu, pasinei nekwavanobva mutsika. Izvi zvinoreva kuvimbisa kuwaniswa kwedzidzo, basa, pekugara uye mabasa ekutanga kuvanhu vese, pasina rusarura. Saizvozvo, zvakakosha kusimudzira kumiririra uye kutora chikamu kwemagariro evanhu mukuita sarudzo, kuve nechokwadi kuti manzwi avo anonzwika uye kodzero dzavo dzakavimbiswa.
Mukupedzisa, relativism yetsika inzira yedzidziso inocherekedza kusiyana kwemaitiro ekukosha uye tsika dzetsika pasi rose. Kuburikidza nekunzwisisa pfungwa iyi, tinogona kukoshesa nekuremekedza kusiyana kwetsika, kudzivisa ethnocentrism uye kukurudzira kushivirira uye nhaurirano dzetsika.
Muchinyorwa chino, takaongorora tsananguro yetsika nemagariro, tichiratidza kukosha kwayo mumamiriro ezvinhu eanthropology uye sociology. Isu takaongororawo mienzaniso yakati wandei yekuti tsika nemagariro zvinozviratidza sei munzvimbo dzakasiyana, kubva pamapfekero kusvika kune zvechitendero.
Zvakadaro, takaonawo kumwe kushoropodza kunoenderana netsika nemagariro, sekugona kwayo kupembedza kusarurama kana kuita zvechisimba muzita retsika. Kupfuurirazve, kune denho yokuwana dzikamo pakati pokuremekedzwa kwetsika dzakasiana nokudzivirirwa kwetsika dzakati dzapasi rose, dzakadai sekodzero dzevanhu.
Pakupedzisira, relativism yetsika inotikoka kuti tibvunze kusarura kwedu pachedu uye pfungwa dzetsika, tichikurudzira kunzwisisana uye kugarisana murunyararo pakati pevanhu. Inzvimbo yekudzidza inogara ichishanduka uye inokakavadzana, iyo inoramba ichimutsa mibvunzo inonakidza pamusoro pechimiro chetsika nemaitiro ayo pahupenyu hwedu.
Sezvo isu tichiongorora nekufungisisa nezve tsika nemagariro, tinokwanisa kukudziridza kunzwa kukuru uye tsitsi kune zvakaitika uye maonero evamwe. Mukuita izvi, tichava nhanho imwe chete pedyo nekuvaka nyika umo kusiyana kwetsika kunopembererwa nekukosheswa, uye uko nhaurirano dzetsika nemagariro ndihwo hwaro hwemagariro akaenzana uye akaenzana.
Ini ndiri Sebastián Vidal, injiniya wekombuta anofarira nezve tekinoroji uye DIY. Uyezve, ndini musiki we tecnobits.com, kwandinogovera zvidzidzo kuti tekinoroji iwanikwe uye inonzwisisika kumunhu wese.