Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton, unozivikanwawo seMutemo weKusimba uye Kukurumidza, ndiwo musimboti wakakosha mufizikisi unosimbisa hukama pakati pesimba rinoiswa pachinhu uye kukurumidza kwacho. Mutemo uyu, wakagadzirwa naSir Isaac Newton muzana ramakore rechi 17, unoonekwa sedombo repakona mukudzidza kwesimba uye wakakosha kunzwisisa kuti zvinhu zvinofamba nekudyidzana sei. munyika físico.
Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton zvakadzama, tichiongorora mafomula ayo emasvomhu, mienzaniso inoshanda uye nhevedzano yezviitwa zvinozobatsira kusimbisa kunzwisiswa kweiyi pfungwa. Kuburikidza nehunyanzvi uye kusarerekera maitiro, isu tinopa nzira yekunzwisisa kwakadzama kwemutemo uyu wakakosha, nekudaro tichibvumira vaverengi vedu kuti vashande zviri nyore mumunda wefizikisi uye nekuishandisa. zvinobudirira mumamiriro akasiyana. Joinha isu parwendo urwu runonakidza kuenda kumoyo weNewton's Second Law!
1. Nhanganyaya kuMutemo wechipiri waNewton
Muchikamu chino, tichakurukura zvakadzama Mutemo wechipiri waNewton, inova imwe yepfungwa huru mufizikisi. Mutemo uyu unoti kukurumidza chechinhu Iyo yakanyatso kuenzana nesimba rinoitwa pairi uye inversely proportional nehukuru hwayo. Nemamwe manzwi, tinogona kutaura kuti hukama huri pakati pesimba, huremu uye kukurumidza kwechinhu hunogona kuratidzwa nemasvomhu nefomula F = ma, apo F inomiririra simba, m inomiririra hukuru hwechinhu uye uye inomiririra kukurumidza.
Kuti unzwisise zviri nani mutemo uyu, zvinobatsira kuziva zvikamu zvekuyera zvakashandiswa. Simba rinopimwa nemanewtons (N), huremu mumakirogiramu (kg), uye kukurumidza mumamita pasekondi yakaenzana (m/s^2). Pamusoro pezvo, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton unoshanda chete kuzvinhu zviri kufamba kana pasi pesimba remambure. Kana pasina simba remambure rinoshanda pachinhu, kukurumidza kwacho kuchava zero uye kunenge kuri mukuenzana.
Kugadzirisa matambudziko inosanganisira kushandiswa kweNewton's Second Law, zvinobatsira kutevera nzira nhanho nhanho. Chekutanga, ratidza zvakajeka masimba ari kushanda pachinhu uye sarudza ukuru nekwaakananga. Zvadaro, verenga kukurumidza kwechinhu uchishandisa fomula F = ma. Chekupedzisira, shandisa misimboti ye kinematics kuona humwe huwandu, senge chinhambwe chafambwa kana kumhanya kwekupedzisira.
Rangarira kuti kuita kwakakosha kuti unzwisise nekushandisa Mutemo wechipiri waNewton. Muchikamu chino chese, iwe unowana akasiyana tutori uye inoshanda mienzaniso yekukubatsira iwe kujaira iwe neakakosha pfungwa. Usazeze kushandisa simulation kana maturusi ekuverenga kuti uwane mamwe mhedzisiro!
2. Nzira yeMutemo wechipiri waNewton
Icho chishandiso chakakosha mufizikisi kuverenga mhedzisiro simba remuviri unofamba. Formula iyi inotaura kuti simba rinoenzana nechigadzirwa chehukuru hwechinhu uye makwiriro acho. Pazasi pachazotsanangurwa nhanho nhanho maitiro ekugadzirisa dambudziko uchishandisa iyi formula.
1. Ziva mabhindauko: chinhu chekutanga chatinofanira kuita kuziva zvinochinja-chinja zviri mudambudziko, ndiko kuti, kuwanda kwechinhu nekukasira kwachinoita.
2. Gadzira hunhu hunozivikanwa: kana machinjiro aonekwa, zvinofanirwa kumisa nhamba dzenhamba dzinozivikanwa. Somuenzaniso, kana tine huremu hwe 2 kg uye kukurumidza kwe5 m/s^2.
3. Verenga iyo inoguma simba: kana zvinosiyana uye hunhu hwazvo zvazivikanwa, inogona kushandiswa formula. ndizvo F = m * a, apo F anomiririra simba rinoguma, m ndiko kuwanda kwechinhu uye a ndiko kukurumidza. Nekutsiva iyo inozivikanwa kukosha mufomula, iyo inokonzeresa simba inogona kuverengerwa.
3. Tsanangudzo yezvikamu zvechimiro
Muchikamu chino tichatsanangura chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu zvefomula chinozotibvumira kugadzirisa dambudziko rinounzwa. Izvo zvakakosha kuti unyatsonzwisisa kuti chimwe nechimwe chinotora basa rei mukati mefomula uye mabatiro avanoita kune mumwe nemumwe kuti vawane mhedzisiro yaunoda. Pazasi, isu tinotsanangura imwe neimwe yadzo:
1. Musiyano A: Ichi ndicho chikamu chekutanga chefomula uye chinomiririra shanduko huru yedambudziko. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti iyi vhezheni inomiririrei uye kuti ingakanganisa sei mhedzisiro yekupedzisira. Kukosha kwayo uye chikwata chekuyera kunofanira kutsanangurwa zvakajeka.
2. Variable B: Ichi chikamu chechipiri chinoshandiswa kuverenga maitiro ekusiyana kweA pane chigumisiro. Iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti inopindirana sei neiyo huru shanduko uye kuti ine mabatiro api pairi fomula. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kukosha kwayo uye inoenderana chikamu chekuyera.
3. Kusiyana C: Kusiyanisa C ndechimwe chezvikamu zvakakosha zvefomula. Basa rayo nderokuona iyo yekugadzirisa chinhu chinodiwa kuti uwane mhedzisiro yekupedzisira. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti kukosha kwayo kunosiyana sei zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo edambudziko.
Kana tangoongorora chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu zvefomura, tichakwanisa kuva nechiratidzo chakajeka chekushanda kwayo uye kushanda kune dambudziko rinowanikwa. Izvo zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti chero shanduko mumakoshero eaya akasiyana anogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya mhedzisiro. Rangarira kunyatso tarisa nhanho imwe neimwe uye kuita mashandiro anoenderana kuti uwane iwo chaiwo mhedzisiro. [END-SOLUTION]
4. Mienzaniso yekushandiswa kweNewton's Second Law
Newton's Second Law ndomumwe wemitemo yakakosha yefizikisi inotibvumira kuongorora mafambiro ezviro uye kupindirana kwemasimba anoshanda pazviri. Zvadaro, zvicharatidzwa mimwe mienzaniso yekushandiswa kwemutemo uyu mumamiriro ezuva nezuva.
1. Kudonha kwechinhu pasina: Ngatitii tadonhedza chinhu kubva paurefu hwakati. Tichishandisa Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton, tinogona kuona kukurumidza kuchaita chinhu panguva yekudonha kwayo. Muitiro unotibvumira kuverenga kukwidziridzwa i = F/m, apo "F" isimba remambure rinoshanda pachinhu uye "m" ihombe yacho. Muchiitiko chekudonha kwemahara, simba remambure ndiro simba regiravhiti uye huwandu hunogara huripo. Nokudaro, kukurumidza kunogara kuripo uye kukosha kwayo kwakaenzana nekukura kwesimba, iyo inenge 9,8 m / s².
2. Kufamba kwemuviri panzvimbo yakarerekera: Zvino ngatiti tine chinhu chinotsvedza panzvimbo yakarerekera. Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton unotibvumira kuverenga kukurumidza kwechinhu munyaya iyi. Chikamu chesimba remambure rakafanana nenzvimbo yakarerekera ndicho chinokonzera kukurumidza kwechinhu. Tinokwanisa kuverenga simba iri tichishandisa fomula F = m * g * sin(θ), apo "m" ndiko kuwanda kwechinhu, "g" ndiko kukwidzwa kwegiravhiti uye "θ" ikona yekurerekera kwepamusoro. Kana tangoziva simba remambure, tinogona kushandisa fomula a = F/m kuwana kukosha kwekumhanyisa.
3. Dynamics of a pulley system: Mumwe muenzaniso wekushandiswa kweNewton's Second Law unowanikwa mukufambiswa kwesimba repulley system. Ngatitii tine pulley system ine tambo mbiri uye mabhuroko maviri akabatana. Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton unotibvumira kuona kukwidziridzwa kwezvivharo zvichienderana nemasimba anoshanda paari. Semuenzaniso, kana tikaisa simba rekudzika kune rimwe remabhuroko, simba racho rinofambiswa kuburikidza netambo uye rinobvumira rimwe bhuroko kusimuka. Tichishandisa Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton, tinokwanisa kuona kukwidziridzwa kwebhuroko rimwe nerimwe uye kuti vanobatana sei kune mumwe nemumwe kuburikidza nekukakavadzana kuri mutambo.
Muchidimbu, Newton's Second Law chishandiso chakakosha chekuongorora mafambiro ezvinhu uye masimba anoshanda pazviri mumamiriro akasiyana. Zvingave mukudonha kwemahara kwechinhu, kufamba panzvimbo yakarerekera, kana dynamics ye pulley system, mutemo uyu unotitendera kuona kukurumidza uye kunzwisisa kuti vanobatana sei nemasimba anoshandiswa. Izvo zvakakosha kuti titarise zvakasiyana siyana zviripo mumamiriro ega ega uye kushandisa mafomula akakodzera kuwana mhedzisiro chaiyo.
5. Kuverengwa kwesimba rinoguma mumamiriro akasiyana
Kuverengwa kwesimba rinoguma ipfungwa yakakosha muchidzidzo chefizikisi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana, zvinodikanwa kuona simba rinobva pachinhu kuti unzwisise mafambiro acho kana chiyero. Pazasi pane nhanho-ne-nhanho nzira yekuverenga iyo inoguma simba mumamiriro akasiyana.
1. Ziva masimba ose ari kushanda pachinhu chacho: Chekutanga, unofanira kuziva masimba ose anoshandiswa pachinhu chiri kutaurwa. Aya masimba anogona kusanganisira simba rinokwevera pasi, simba rakajairwa, friction force, pakati pezvimwe. Zvakakosha kutarisa masimba ose anokonzera chinhu kuti uwane kuverenga kwakarurama kwesimba rinoguma.
2. Dzvanya masimba kuita zvikamu: Kana waona masimba ese, unofanirwa kuaputsa kuita zvikamu zvawo. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuona masimba mumativi akachinjika (x) uye akatwasuka (y). Nekuputsa mauto, zviri nyore kuverenga simba rinoguma munzira imwe neimwe.
3. Shandisa mutemo waNewton: Chekupedzisira, shandisa mutemo wechipiri waNewton, unotaura kuti simba rinobva pachinhu rinoenzana nehukuru hwechinhu chinopetwa nekumhanyisa kwacho. Uchishandisa zvikamu zvemasimba mune imwe neimwe nzira, unogona kuona mugumisiro wesimba mune imwe neimwe. Kana paine mauto akawanda munzira imwe chete, unofanirwa kuwedzera masimba kuti uwane simba rinobuda munzira iyoyo.
Kuita bvunzo kunogona kuve kwakaoma, asi nekutevera matanho aya unogona kuwana mhinduro chaidzo. Rangarira kuti zvakakosha kuziva masimba ese ari pachinhu, woaita kuti x uye y nzira, uye kushandisa mutemo wechipiri waNewton. Nematanho aya, iwe uchakwanisa kunzwisisa zviri nani kufamba uye kuenzana kwezvinhu mumamiriro akasiyana.
6. Kugadziriswa kwezviitwa zvinoshanda uchishandisa Newton's Second Law
Kugadzirisa zviitwa zvinoshanda uchishandisa Newton's Second Law, zvakakosha kutevera matanho aya:
- Ongorora dambudziko uye uone masimba ari kuita pane chinhu chiri kutaurwa. Ziva mambure kana mhedzisiro simba, inova iyo vector sum yemasimba ese.
- Shandisa Newton's Second Law, iyo inotaura kuti simba remambure rakaenzana nekugadzirwa kwehuwandu hwechinhu uye kukurumidza kwacho. Tichashandisa formula F = m a kugadzirisa dambudziko.
- Chinja izvo zvinozivikanwa kukosha mufomula uye ita maverengero anodiwa. Iva nechokwadi chekushandisa zvikamu zvakakodzera. Kana zvichidikanwa, shandura mayunitsi usati waita masvomhu.
Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti masimba anomiririrwa sevectors, zvinoreva kuti Vane ukuru uye nzira. Kana dambudziko richisanganisira masimba munzvimbo dzakasiyana, iva nechokwadi chekudzikisa masimba muzvikamu zvavo zve x uye y kuitira kuti uwedzere iwo nemazvo.
Izvo zvinogona kusanganisira kushandiswa kwezvishandiso zvakaita seyemahara-yemuviri dhayagiramu uye ebetsero equation. Iyo yakasununguka dhayagiramu yemuviri inobatsira kuona masimba ese ari kuita pane chinhu uye kutungamira kwavo. Equation yekubatsira, senge equation yekufamba kana simba equations, inogona kuve yakakosha kugadzirisa dambudziko zvachose.
7. Mashandisirwo nekushandiswa kweNewton's Second Law muhupenyu hwemazuva ese
Newton's Second Law, unozivikanwawo semutemo wekufamba, mumwe wemitemo yakakosha yefizikisi inotsanangura kuti simba, hukuru, uye kukurumidza kwechinhu kune hukama sei. Mutemo uyu une mashandisirwo akati wandei uye mashandisiro muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva izvo zvakakosha kuziva.
A zvemashandisirwo Kunyanya kushandiswa kweNewton's Second Law ndeyekuverengera simba rinobva pachinhu chinofamba. Mutemo uyu unotaura kuti simba rinoguma rakaenzana nehukuru hwechinhu chinopetwa nekumhanyisa kwacho. Semuenzaniso, kana uchiverenga kumhanya kwemotokari inofamba, zvinodikanwa kufunga nezvehuwandu hwemotokari uye simba rinoiswa pairi kuona kukurumidza kwayo.
Kumwe kushandiswa kwemutemo uyu kuri mukugadzira mabhiriji nezvimiro. Nekushandisa Newton's Second Law, mainjiniya anogona kuona masimba ari kushanda pabhiriji nekuda kwehuremu hwemotokari dzinoyambuka. Neruzivo urwu, zvivakwa zvakachengeteka uye zvakanyanya kushanda zvinogona kugadzirwa.
Muchidimbu, Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton une mashandisirwo akakura uye mashandisirwo muhupenyu hwemazuva ese. Kubva pakuverenga kwemasimba anokonzeresa mukufambisa zvinhu kusvika pakugadzirwa kwezvimiro, mutemo uyu unokosha pakunzwisisa kushanda kwezviitiko zvakawanda zvemuviri munharaunda yedu. Kuziva uye kushandisa mutemo uyu kunotibvumira kugadzirisa matambudziko ehunyanzvi uye kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo mumamiriro akasiyana siyana.
8. Kukosha kwekunzwisisa uye kushandisa nemazvo Mutemo wechipiri waNewton
Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton wakakosha pakunzwisisa mafambiro ezvinhu zvinoitika uye kuti zvine hukama sei nemasimba anozvibata. Mutemo uyu unoti kukwidziridzwa kwechinhu kunoenderana zvakananga nenet force inoshanda pachiri uye nekupesana nehuremu hwacho. Kureva kuti simba rinoshandiswa pachinhu chikuru, rinowedzera kukurumidza kwacho, uyezve, kukura kwehuremu hwechinhu, kunowedzera kuderera kwacho.
Kunzwisisa uye kushandisa mutemo uyu nemazvo kwakakosha pakugadzirisa matambudziko efizikisi, zvese zvedzidziso uye zvinoshanda. Kuti ushandise Newton's Second Law, zvinodikanwa kuita matanho akati wandei. Chokutanga pane zvose, unofanira kuona masimba ari kushanda pachinhu chiri kutaurwa. Zvadaro, mauto ose anofanira kuwedzerwa algebra kuti awane simba remambure. Zvadaro, fomula F = ma inoshandiswa, apo F inomiririra simba remambure, m uremu hwechinhu, uye kukurumidza.
Muenzaniso unoshanda unogona kuverenga kumhanyisa kwemota iri kusundidzirwa nesimba re500 N, nepo huremu hwayo huri 1000 kg. Tichishandisa Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton, tinowana kuti kukwidziridzwa kwemotokari kuchave 0.5 m/s². Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti kunze kwekuverenga, zvinodikanwa kuti unzwisise zvinorehwa nemuviri wemhedzisiro inowanikwa uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti mayuniti akakodzera anoshandiswa muzviyero zvese.
Muchidimbu, kunzwisisa uye kushandisa nemazvo Mutemo wechipiri waNewton wakakosha pakugadzirisa matambudziko ane chekuita nekufamba uye masimba mufizikisi. Nekutevera matanho ataurwa pamusoro uye kushandisa mafomula akakodzera, zvinokwanisika kuverenga kukurumidza kwechinhu chakapihwa huwandu hwayo uye simba remambure rinoshanda pachiri. Mutemo uyu wakakosha pakudzidza kwefizikisi uye une mashandisirwo mundima dzakawanda, kubva kumakanika kuenda kune astronomy. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kugona kunzwisisa kwayo uye kushandisa kwayo nehunyanzvi.
9. Zvikanganiso zvinowanzoitika kana uchishandisa Newton's Second Law formula
Paunenge uchishandisa Newton's Second Law formula, zvakakosha kuti tirambe tichifunga zvimwe zvikanganiso zvakajairika zvinogona kumuka mukuita. Izvi zvikanganiso zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kurongeka kwekuverenga uye kutungamirira kumigumisiro isina kururama. Pazasi pane zvimwe zvinowanzoitika kukanganisa uye maitiro ekuzvidzivirira:
1. Kusafunga nezvemasimba muhurongwa: Imwe yezvikanganiso zvinowanzoitika kukanganwa kubatanidza masimba ese anoshanda pachinhu chiri mubvunzo. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uone nemazvo masimba ese negwara rawo usati washandisa Newton's Second Law formula. Kana masimba akakosha akasiiwa, maverengero anoguma achange asina kukwana uye haazomiriri chokwadi.
2. Kushandisa zvikwata zvisirizvo: Imwe mhosho yakajairika kusashandisa mayunitsi chaiwo paunenge uchishandisa fomula. Izvo zvakakosha kuti magitutu ese aratidzirwe muzvikamu zvakafanana. Semuyenzaniso, kana simba rikapiwa muNewtons, kukwidziridzwa kunofanirawo kuratidzwa mu m/s^2. Kushandisa zvikwata zvisiri izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro isingaenderani.
3. Kusafunga nezve inrtial mass: Paunenge uchishandisa fomula F = ma, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti huwandu hunofanirwa kutariswa iinertial mass, kwete giravhiti. Inertial mass ndiyo inosarudza kuramba kwechinhu kuti chisandure mafambiro acho. Kana iyo chaiyo inertial misa isina kuverengerwa, mhedzisiro inowanikwa inogona kunge isiriyo.
10. Zviitwa zvepamberi zvekuvandudza kunzwisisa kweNewton's Second Law
Newton's Second Law ndomumwe wemitemo yakakosha yefizikisi inotibvumira kunzwisisa kuti masimba ane chekuita sei nekufamba kwezvinhu. Kunyange zvazvo mutemo uyu ungave wakaoma kunzwisisa pakutanga, kune nhevedzano yezviitwa zvepamusoro zvinozotibatsira kunatsa kunzwisisa kwedu nehunyanzvi hwemutemo.
Kuita zviitwa izvi, zvakakosha kujeka pamusoro pepfungwa dzekutanga dzeMutemo wechipiri waNewton. Ngatiyeukei kuti mutemo uyu unoratidza kuti simba remambure rinoitwa pachinhu chakanyatso kuenzana nekukurumidzira kwachinoita, uye nekupesana nehukuru hwacho. Tinogona kuratidza hukama uhwu nemasvomhu kuburikidza neformula F = m * a, apo F inomiririra simba remambure, m uremu hwechinhu uye kukurumidza kwacho.
Kana tave pachena pamusoro pepfungwa uye nzira yeMutemo wechipiri waNewton, tinokwanisa kutevera nhevedzano yematanho ekugadzirisa matambudziko epamusoro ane chekuita nemutemo uyu. Chekutanga pane zvese, zvakakosha kuona masimba anoshanda pachinhu uye kwaakananga. Zvadaro, tinofanira kuparadza masimba aya muzvikamu maererano nereferensi yehurongwa inoshandiswa.
11. Ongororo yenyaya chaidzo uchishandisa Newton's Second Law
Muchikamu chino, zviitiko zvechokwadi zvakasiyana-siyana zvichaunzwa apo Newton's Second Law ichashandiswa kuongorora nekugadzirisa matambudziko ane chekuita nekuchinja kwezvinhu. Kuburikidza nemienzaniso iyi, isu ticharatidza mashandisiro emutemo uyu wakakosha wefizikisi kuona kukurumidza, simba remambure, uye zvimwe zvakakosha zvakasiyana mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo.
Panyaya yega yega, dzidziso yakadzama ichapihwa iyo inotungamira maitiro nhanho nhanho, kuve nechokwadi chekunzwisisa kuzere kwekuongorora. Chikamu chinozosanganisira matipi uye kurudziro yekufambisa kugadzirisa matambudziko, pamwe nematurusi uye mafomula anozobatsira panguva yekuita. Mukuwedzera, mienzaniso yakagadziriswa yenhamba ichaunzwa, iyo ichakubvumidza iwe kuona nemeso mashandisiro anoshanda eNewton's Second Law.
Iwo akasiyana chaiwo makesi akasarudzwa achavhara huwandu hwakasiyana hwemamiriro ezvinhu, kubva pakufamba kwezvinhu pane yakatemerwa rampu kusvika pakudonha kwemahara kwezvinhu mumhepo. Kuburikidza nemienzaniso iyi, zvicharatidzwa magadzirirwo nekushandisa Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana, kugadzirira vaverengi kutarisana nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana munyika chaiyo. Pakupera kwechikamu chino, vaverengi vachakwanisa kusvika nechivimbo kune mamiriro ezvinhu anoda kuongororwa kwemasimba uye kufamba kwezvinhu.
12. Kubatanidza Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton nemimwe mitemo yepanyama
Newton's Second Law, iyo inozivikanwawo semutemo wesimba nekumhanyisa, inotaura kuti kukwidziridzwa kwechinhu kunoenderana zvakananga nesimba remambure rinoshanda pachiri uye nekupesana nehukuru hwacho. Mutemo uyu unogona kuve wakabatana nemimwe mitemo yepanyama, uchitibvumira kuwana nzwisiso yakazara yezvinoitika zvakasikwa.
Mimwe yemitemo ine chekuita neMutemo waNewton Wechipiri ndeye Newton's First Law, inozivikanwawo semutemo we inertia. Mutemo uyu unoti chinhu chakazorora chinoramba chakazorora uye chinhu chiri kufamba chicharamba chichifamba nespedhi isingaperi mumutsara wakatwasuka kunze kwekunge chaitwa nesimba rekunze. Tinogona kuona kuti mutemo wechipiri unoenderana nemutemo wekutanga, sezvo uchitsanangura kuti “simba rekunze” iri kana kuti kuchinja kwekufamba kunogadzirwa sei.
Mumwe mutemo uyo Newton's Second Law une hukama nawo Mutemo Wechitatu waNewton, unozivikanwa semutemo wechiito nekuita. Mutemo uyu unoti pachiito chega-chega pane kuita kwehukuru hwakaenzana uye kune rumwe rutivi. Mutemo wechipiri unotibatsira kunzwisisa kuti kuita uku kunoitika sei uye kuti masimba anodyidzana sei mune imwe hurongwa.
13. Tsvakurudzo yeSainzi uye zvidzidzo zvinobva paMutemo Wechipiri waNewton
Newton's Second Law, inozivikanwawo semutemo wekufamba, ndeimwe yemisimboti yakakosha yefizikisi uye yanga iri nyaya yekutsvagisa kwakawanda kwesainzi uye zvidzidzo. Mutemo uyu unoti kukwidziridzwa kwechinhu kunoenderana zvakananga nenet force inoshanda pachiri uye nekupesana nehuremu hwacho.
Chimwe chezvidzidzo zvesainzi zvine mukurumbira zvakavakirwa paNewton's Second Law iongororo yekufamba kwemitumbi mukudonha kwemahara. Kuburikidza nemiedzo nekuverenga masvomhu, masayendisiti akakwanisa kuona hukama huri pakati pehuremu hwechinhu nekumhanya kwacho kana ichidonha zvakasununguka munzvimbo inogara ichikwevera pasi. Zvidzidzo izvi zvakatibvumira kuti tinzwisise zviri nani chiitiko chegiravhiti uye dzakateya nheyo dzekuvandudzwa kwedzimwe dzidziso dzine hukama.
Pamusoro pezvo, Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton wakashandiswa mukutsvagisa pamusoro pesimba remvura. Nekushandisa mutemo uyu, masayendisiti akakwanisa kudzidza maitiro emvura mumamiriro akasiyana, sekuyerera kwemvura kuburikidza nechubhu kana kufamba kwegasi munzvimbo yakavharwa. Zvidzidzo izvi zvave zvakakosha pakugadzirwa kwematairi masisitimu, kukwidziridzwa kwehunyanzvi muindasitiri uye kunzwisisa kwezviitiko zvemuchadenga zvakaita semhepo yegungwa.
14. Matambudziko nemibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa pamusoro pekushandiswa kweNewton's Second Law
Pakushandisa Mutemo Wechipiri waNewton, zvakajairika kusangana nematambudziko uye uine mibvunzo ine chekuita nekushandiswa kwawo kune mamwe matambudziko. Pazasi isu tichagadzirisa mimwe yeinowanzo bvunzwa mibvunzo nematambudziko anomuka kana uchishandisa uyu wakakosha mutemo wefizikisi.
1. Nzira yekuziva sei simba rinoguma mune akawanda simba system?
Dzimwe nguva tinosangana nehurongwa umo masimba akawanda anoita pane chimwe chinhu. Kuti uone simba rinoguma mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zvakakosha kuti algebra iwedzere masimba ose anoshandiswa kune chinhu. Ikoku kunobatanidza kurangarira zvose zviri zviviri ukuru nenhungamiro zvesimba rimwe nerimwe. Mushure mekuwana vector sum yemasimba aya, tinogona kuona simba rinoguma, iro richaratidza gwara uye ukuru hwekufamba kwechinhu.
2. Kukwidziridzwa kwechinhu kunotsanangurwa sei pachishandiswa Newton's Second Law?
Makwidziridzo echinhu anoverengwa nekupatsanura simba rinobuda rinoshandiswa pachinhu nehukuru hwacho. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti simba rinobuda rinofanirwa kuratidzwa muchikamu chimwechete chekuyera sehuwandu. Kukwirisa kunowanikwa maererano nemamita pasekondi yakapetwa kaviri (m/s2), iyo inoratidza kuti kumhanya kwechinhu kunoshanduka sei muchikamu chenguva.
3. Chii chinoitika kana simba rinoguma rakaenzana ne zero?
Kana simba rinoguma rinoshandiswa pachinhu rakaenzana ne zero, zvinoreva kuti hapana kukwidziridzwa pachinhu. Maererano neNewton's Second Law, kana simba rinobuda richienzana ne zero, chinhu chiri mukuenzana. Mune mamwe mazwi, kumhanya kwechinhu kunoramba kuripo uye haawane shanduko mukufamba kwayo. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti izvi zvinongoitika chete kana kuwanda kwemasimba anoshandiswa pachinhu chaita zero.
Muchidimbu, mutemo wechipiri waNewton ndiwo mumwe wemitemo yakakosha yefizikisi inotsanangura hukama huri pakati pesimba, hukuru, nekumhanyisa kwechinhu. Kuburikidza neformula F = m * a, tinogona kuverenga simba rinoshanda pachinhu kana kuona kukurumidza kwachichasangana nacho.
Muchinyorwa chino taongorora zvakadzama marongero emutemo wechipiri waNewton uye kushanda kwawo mune zvakasiyana mienzaniso nemabasa ekudzidzira. Taona kuti simba remambure rinoshandiswa kuchinhu rinokanganisa sei kufamba kwacho uye kuti tingaziva sei kukurumidza kunoguma.
Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mutemo wechipiri waNewton chishandiso chakakosha mundima yefizikisi nehuinjiniya. Kuinzwisisa kunotibvumira kuongorora uye kufanotaura mafambiro ezvinhu zvinofamba, mungave munzira dzakatwasuka kana dzakakombama.
Mukupedzisa, mutemo wechipiri waNewton chishandiso chine simba chekunzwisisa uye kuyera masimba uye kufamba kwezvinhu. Maitiro ayo uye mashandisirwo mumienzaniso uye maekisesaizi anotipa hwaro hwakasimba hwekuwedzera ruzivo rwedu munyika inonakidza yefizikisi.
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