Mhando dzeMavhairasi eKombuta

Mhando dzeKombuta Virusi

Mavhairasi ekombuta anogara achityisidzira munyika yedhijitari. Vave vachiwedzera kuoma uye nengozi, vachiisa kuchengetedzwa kwevashandisi uye kutendeseka kwemidziyo yavo panjodzi. Kuziva mhando dzakasiyana dzemavhairasi ekombuta uye kuti anopararira sei kwakakosha kuti ukwanise kutora matanho anodiwa ekudzivirira uye ekudzivirira Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora zvakadzama mamwe emhando dzakawanda dzemavhairasi emakombuta, kubva kuTrojans kusvika kune makonye uye ransomware. . Kunzwisisa maitiro avo uye matekiniki kuchatibatsira zivisa uye kurwisa idzi cyber kutyisidzira zvakanyanya⁢ zvinobudirira.

Trojans, inozivikanwawo se malware, zvirongwa zvinozvivanza sezvikumbiro zviri pamutemo zvekunyengedza vashandisi kuti vawane mukana kune. ruzivo rwako ruzivo rwemunhu kana zvakavanzika. Mavhairasi aya anogona kuvanzwa mukati mezvirongwa zvinoita sezviri pamutemo, senge antivirus yemanyepo kana vhidhiyo inoridza. Kamwe iyo Trojan ichimhanya pakombuta, inogona kuita zvakashata pasina ruzivo rwemushandisi. Zvakakosha kuva nazvo yakanaka malware yekuona uye yekubvisa system kuti uzvidzivirire kubva kunjodzi iyi.

Imwe mhando yakajairika yehutachiona hwekombuta igonye. Kusiyana neTrojans, makonye anogona kudzokorora uye kuzviparadzira, pasina kuda kuurayiwa nemushandisi. Izvi zvinovaita kunyanya kuve nengozi, sezvo vanogona kukurumidza kukanganisa network yese. Makonye anowanzo shandisa kusasimba mu sisitimu yekushandisa kana maapplication ekupinza macomputer. Kana vangopinda mukati, vanogona kukuvadza, senge kudzikisa network yako kumhanya kana kudzima akakosha mafaera. Zvakakosha kuva nazvo zvigadziriso zvesoftware uye matanho akakwana ekuchengetedza kudzivirira kupararira kwemhando iyi yehutachiona.

Imwe yehutachiona yakawana mukurumbira mumakore achangopfuura ndeye ransomware. Iri rudzi rwemarware encrypts mafaera emushandisi uye inoda rudzikinuro kuti uvhure. Ransomware inogona kupararira kuburikidza ne phishing email kana mawebhusaiti ane hutsinye. Kana mafaera achinge akavharidzirwa, mushandisi anogona chete kuadzoreredza nekubhadhara rudzikinuro, urwo rwunowanzo kudiwa mu cryptocurrencies. Count on yakagadziridzwa backups uye yakanaka antivirus system yakakosha kudzivirira rudzi urwu rwekurwisa uye kuchengetedza ruzivo rwemunhu kana bhizinesi.

Muchidimbu, mavhairasi ekombuta anogara achityisidzira munyika yedhijitari. Kuziva mhando dzakasiyana dzemavhairasi emakombuta uye kuti anopararira sei kwakakosha kuchengetedza midziyo yedu uye data. Kuve nematanho akakwana ekuchengetedza, akadai sekuona malware uye masisitimu ekubvisa, kuvandudza software uye kugadzira makopi ekuchengetedza, zvinotitendera kutarisana nekutyisidzira uku. Kugara tichiziva uye takangwarira zviratidzo zvehutachiona zvinozotibatsira kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwehurongwa hwedu.

Mhando dzeMavhairasi eKombuta

Vhairasi yefaira: Urwu rudzi rwehutachiwana hunozvisungirira kune faira iripo kana chirongwa uye rinoitwa kana faira rine hutachiona raitwa. Vanogona kukuvadza kana kudzima akakosha masisitimu mafaera, pamwe nekupararira kune mamwe mafaera pamusoro petiweki kana ekunze ekuchengetedza midhiya. Mimwe mienzaniso yemavhairasi efaira hutachiona hweMelissa, hutachiona hweSasser, uye hutachiona hweWannaCry.

Boot virus: Aya mavhairasi anogara mubhoot sector ye dhiraivha yakaoma kana mutafura yekugovera uye inogadziriswa kana yatanga sisitimu yekushandisa. Vanogona kutapurira chikamu chebhutsu yemamwe madhisiki uye midhiya yekuchengetedza, zvichibvumira⁢ hutachiona kupararira kunyangwe kana yaiswa. chimwe chishandiso pakombiyuta. Muenzaniso unozivikanwa wehutachiwana hwebhutsu hutachiona hweStoned, hwakabata makomputa ePC muma90s.

Makonye: Makonye zvirongwa zvine hutsinye zvinopararira pamusoro petiweki, zvichishandisa kusasimba mukati masisitimu ekushanda kana⁤ maapplication. Kusiyana nemavhairasi, makonye ⁢haadi⁤ kuzvibatanidza kune faira iripo kutapurira hurongwa. Kana vangopinda mukati, vanogona kuzvidzokorora uye kupararira nekukurumidza kunetiweki, zvichikanganisa michina yakawanda mumaminitsi mashoma. Blaster worm uye Conficker worm mienzaniso yakashata yekurwisa honye munguva yakapfuura.

Zvinokosha kuziva kuti iyi inongova mienzaniso mishomanana yevakawanda varipo nhasi. Matsotsi ari kugara achigadzira nzira itsva uye dzakasiyana dzekupinza masisitimu uye kuba ruzivo.⁢ Chengetedza software yakagadziridzwa, shandisa. mapurogiramu eantivirus Mawebhusaiti akavimbika uye kuziva nezvekuchengetedzwa kwepamhepo inzira dzinoshanda dzekuzvidzivirira kubva⁤ idzi kutyisidzira kwedhijitari.

1. File Attachment Virus Utachiona hwekunamatira imhando yehutachiona hwekombuta inopararira kuburikidza neemail kana mameseji.

Utachiona hwekunamatira imhando ye vhairasi yekombuta iyo inopararira kuburikidza neemail kana mameseji mameseji. Pfungwa yekutanga kuseri kwemhando iyi yehutachiona ndeyekuti yakanamatira kune faira mumeseji uye, kana mushandisi avhura kana kudhawunirodha faira rine hutachiona, hutachiona hunoitwa uye hunotanga kutapurira system. Mhando dzakajairika dzezvinamatidzwa zvinoshandiswa kuparadzira mavhairasi magwaro eMicrosoft Office, akadai seIzwi, Excel, uye PowerPoint, pamwe chete nemafaira anozoitwa, senge .exe mafaera. Zvakakosha kungwarira pakuvhura zvakanamirwa, sezvo zvingave zvine mavhairasi kana malware anogona kukanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwedu. makombiyuta.

Imwe yenjodzi huru kana uchibata nehutachiona hwekunamatira kugona kwayo kupararira nekukurumidza kuburikidza neemail uye mameseji. Aya mavhairasi anowanzo tora mukana wemagariro einjiniya maitiro kunyengedza vashandisi kuti vatende kuti chakabatanidzwa chiri pamutemo. Kamwe mushandisi awira mumusungo uye ovhura faira, hutachiona hunoshanda uye hunogona kutapudza kwete chete hurongwa hwemunhu akabatwa, asi zvakare kutumira makopi ega kune vamwe vanobatika mubhuku rekero remunhu. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kupararira kwehutachiona nekukurumidza, zvichibata nhamba huru yevanhu. makombiyuta.

Kuti uzvidzivirire kubva kumavhairasi ekunamatira, zvakakosha kutevera mamwe maitiro akanaka ekuchengetedza Chekutanga, zvakakosha kuve ne software yeantivirus yakagadziriswa pakombuta yedu inogona kuona uye kubvisa chero hutachiona hunogona kukuvadza. Pamusoro pezvo, isu tinofanirwa kungwarira kana tichivhura chero chinongedzo uye nekuita shuwa kuti chinobva kune yakavimbika sosi. Kana isu tisina chokwadi nezve huchokwadi hwechinhu chakabatanidzwa, zvinokurudzirwa kuti usachivhura uye simbisa nemutumiri tisati tazviita. Nematanho ekuchengetedza aya, tinogona kuderedza njodzi yehutachiona hwehutachiona uye kuchengetedza yedu makombiyuta kuchengetedzwa.

2. Makonye eComputer Makonye emakomputa zvirongwa zvine hutsinye zvinodzokorora nekupararira pasina kutapurira mafaera

Makonye emakombiyuta Iwo mapurogiramu akaipa anodzokorora uye anopararira pasina chikonzero chekutapura mafaira. Kusiyana nemavhairasi, makonye haadi kuti faira rekugamuchira ribatanidzwe, zvichiita kuti rinyanye kuve nehunyengeri uye rakaoma kuona. Aya mapurogiramu ane hutsinye anotora mukana wekusagadzikana mumasisitimu anoshanda uye zvirongwa kuti zvipararire nekukurumidza kuburikidza netiweki nemidziyo yakabatana neInternet.

Kune marudzi akati wandei emakonye emakomputa, rimwe nerimwe riine mashandiro aro uye nzira yekuparadzira. Zvimwe zvinonyanyozivikanwa zvinosanganisira email honye, ​​izvo zvinopararira kuburikidza neasingadiwe mameseji anotumirwa kune yekuonana rondedzero; network worms, iyo inotora mukana wekusagadzikana⁤ mune network network kupararira kune mamwe masisitimu; ⁣ nemakonye eInternet, anotora mukana wekusagadzikana ⁤mumawebhusaiti nemawebhusaiti kukanganisa zvishandiso zvevashandisi.

Makonye ekombuta anogona kukuvadza zvakanyanya masisitimu uye ruzivo rwakachengetwa paari. Nekupararira nekukasira, vanogona kudonhedza system zviwanikwa uye kudzikamisa network kuita. Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe makonye akagadzirirwa kuba ruzivo rwakadzama, senge mapassword uye ruzivo rwekubhengi, izvo zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa pakuchengetedza uye kuvanzika kwevashandisi. Kuti udzivirire kubva kumakonye ekombuta, zvakakosha kuti uchengete software yedziviriro ichienderana nemidziyo yese, kudzivirira kudzvanya pane zvinonyumwira zvinongedzo kana kuvhura zvakanamirwa kubva kunzvimbo dzisingazivikanwe, uye shandisa akasimba, akasiyana mapassword pamasevhisi ese epamhepo.

3. Trojans Trojans zvirongwa zvinomira sesoftware zviri pamutemo kunyengedza vashandisi kuti vabvumire kupinda kusingatenderwe kune masisitimu avo.

MaTrojan Iwo rudzi rwehutachiona hwekombuta hunovanza sezvirongwa zviri pamutemo zvekunyengedza vashandisi kuti vawane mukana usina kutenderwa kune masisitimu avo. Kusiyana nedzimwe mhando dzemavhairasi, maTrojan haazvidzokorore, asi anopinza mudziyo kana network uye anogaramo kusvika avhurwa.. Mavhairasi aya anogona kuve nenjodzi huru uye anogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwakakomba kumasisitimu uye kuvanzika kwevashandisi.

Kana Trojan inokanganisa komputa kana network, inogona kubvumira vanorwisa kuti vasvike nekudzora sisitimu iri kure. Pamusoro pezvo, maTrojans anogona zvakare kunyora makiyi pakhibhodi, rekodha skrini kana kumisa kamera uye maikorofoni yechinhu chine hutachiona, izvo zvinokanganisa kuvanzika kwevashandisi.

The Trojans Dzinowanzogoverwa kuburikidza ne "email" dzehunyengeri, apo chinosungirirwa kana "chisungo chakaipa" chinoratidzwa icho, kana chakavhurwa kana kushanyirwa, chinobvumira kuiswa kwehutachiona. Anogonawo kuwanikwa pamawebhusaiti ane hutachiona kana kuburikidza nemafaira akatorwa kubva kune asingavimbike masosi. Kuti uzvidzivirire kubva pakurwiswa uku, zvakakosha kushandisa yakanaka antivirus software uye kuichengeta ichigadziridzwa nguva nenguva. Pamusoro pezvo, kuchenjerera kunofanirwa kutorwa kana uchivhura maemail kubva kune vasingazivikanwe vanotumira uye kudzivirira kudzvanya pane zvinofungidzirwa zvinongedzo kana kudhawunirodha mafaera kubva kune asingavimbike masosi.

Muchidimbu, maTrojans zvirongwa zvakashata zvinozviratidza sezviri pamutemo software⁤ kunyengedza vashandisi kuti vabvumire kupinda kune vasina mvumo kune masisitimu. Aya mavhairasi anogona kukonzera kukuvadza kwakanyanya padanho rehurongwa uye kuvanzika kwevashandisi. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kutora matanho ekudzivirira, akadai sekushandisa yakanaka antivirus software uye kungwarira pakuvhura maemail kana kudhawunirodha mafaera kubva kusingazivikanwe masosi. Chengetedzo yekombuta ibasa rakagoverwa, uye ⁢kuziviswa uye kutora matanho ekuzvidzivirira, tinogona kuchengetedza masisitimu edu kubva kunjodzi dzakadai se⁤Trojans.

4. Spyware ⁤ Spyware rudzi rwehutachiona hwekombuta hunoshandiswa kuunganidza ruzivo rwemunhu, senge mapassword uye ruzivo rwekubhengi, pasina ruzivo rwemushandisi.

Spyware imwe yemhando dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa uye dzinotyiwa dzemavhairasi epakombiyuta. Inodya zviwanikwa zvekombuta yedu chinyararire uye ichiba data rakavanzika, senge mapassword nenhamba dzekadhi rechikwereti, kuisa mungozi⁤ kuvanzika kwedu uye chengetedzo yepamhepo.

Pane nzira dzakasiyana dzekutapukirwa ne spyware, kubva pakudzvanya pane zvakashata zvinongedzo mu spam emails kusvika pakurodha mapurogiramu kana zvakabatanidzwa kubva kune zvisingavimbike zvinyorwa. Kamwe spyware yapinda muhurongwa hwedu, inogona kutarisa zviitiko zvedu zvepamhepo, kuunganidza ruzivo rwakadzama uye rwutumire kune wechitatu mapato pasina ruzivo rwedu kana mvumo. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti spyware inowanzovharidzirwa muzvirongwa zvinoita sezvisingakuvadzi zvakadai sematurusi kana browser plug-ins.

Sezvineiwo, pane matanho atinogona kutora kuti tizvidzivirire kubva kune spyware. Chekutanga pane zvese, isu tinofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti tinoshandisa yakagadziridzwa antivirus chirongwa chinosanganisira dziviriro kubva kune spyware. Pamusoro pezvo, zvakakosha kungwarira paunenge uchidzvanya pane zvisingazivikanwe link kana kudhawunirodha mafaera kubva kune asingavimbike masosi. Kusavhura maemail anofungira kana kudzvanya zvishambadzo zvisingavimbike kunozobatsirawo kuderedza njodzi yehutachiona hwespyware. Kuita ongororo yenguva dzose yespyware uye kuchengetedza sisitimu yekushandisa uye zvirongwa zvinogara zvichigadziridzwa zvakare matanho akakosha ekutichengetedza kubva kurudzi urwu rweinvasive malware.

5. Ransomware Ransomware imhando yehutachiona hwekombuta inovhara kupinda kune mafaera kana masisitimu uye inoda rudzikinuro kuti iburitswe.

Ransomware ndeimwe yemhando dzine njodzi dzehutachiona hwekombuta huripo nhasi. Inopararira kuburikidza nemaemail ane hutachiona zvakabatanidzwa kana kuburikidza neakakanganisa mawebhusaiti. Kana iyo ransomware ichimhanya pane system, inovharira kuwana mafaera kana kunyange iyo yese system, kudzivirira mushandisi kuwana ruzivo rwavo rwakakosha. Nzira chete yekuwanazve mukana ndeyekubhadhara rudzikinuro kune ma cybercriminals.

Kune akasiyana akasiyana e ransomware, imwe neimwe iine maitiro ayo uye encryption nzira. Mimwe mienzaniso yakajairika inosanganisira CryptoLocker, WannaCry, uye Locky. Aya mavhairasi anoshandisa advanced encryption algorithms kukiya mafaera uye obva akumbira kubhadhara rudzikinuro mumakristptocurrencies akadai seBitcoin kuti avhure. Matsotsi epamhepo ari kuseri kweransomware anowanzo kuseta nguva dzekutyisidzira kumanikidza vanobatwa kuti vabhadhare, nokudaro vachiwedzera kudzvanywa uye kutya kuti vapindure nekukurumidza.

Kuti udzivirire kubva kune ransomware, zvakakosha kuti uchengetedze software uye masisitimu anoshanda anoenderana. Uyezve, zvakakosha kuve nea kuchengetedza yeese akakosha mafaera uye uzvichengete kubva pakusvikirwa kwechero mudziyo wakabatana kunetiweki. Zvinokurudzirwa zvakare kuti usadzvanya pane zvinofungirwa zvinongedzo kana kudhawunirodha zvakabatanidzwa kubva kune isingavimbike masosi. Dzidzo pamusoro pekudzivirira uye kuziva nezve ransomware kurwiswa zvakare maturusi akakosha ekudzivirira kubatwa. Rangarira, zvinogara zvirinani kuve wakachengeteka pane urombo, sezvo ransomware inogona kukonzeresa kukuvara kwakakomba kwemunhu uye bhizinesi.

6. Botnets Botnets network yemakomputa ane hutachiona anodzorwa necybercriminals, ayo anoshandiswa kuita hombe, kuparadzirwa kurwiswa.

6. Botnets

Botnets network yemakomputa ane hutachiona anodzorwa necybercriminals, ayo anoshandiswa kuita hombe, kuparadzirwa kurwiswa.

Munyika yecybersecurity, botnets inomiririra kutyisidzira kukuru kune vanhu nemasangano. Aya ma network emakomputa akakanganiswa anogona kushandiswa kuita zvakaipa, sekutumira spam, kuba ruzivo rwemunhu uye rwemari, kugovera malware, uye kutanga DDoS kurwisa.

• Spam: ⁤Chimwe chezviitwa zvikuru zve botnets⁣ kutumira kwakawanda kwe spam emails. Iyi tsika haingogone kukurira maseva etsamba uye kukuvadza mukurumbira wemakambani, asi inogona kutungamira mukupararira kwemalware kuburikidza nehunyengeri hwakabatanidzwa kana malink.
• Kuba⁤ kweruzivo: Botnets akagadzirirwa ⁢ kuunganidza ruzivo rwemushandisi, senge mapassword, nhamba dzekadhi rechikwereti, uye rumwe ruzivo rwemari. Ruzivo urwu runogona kushandiswa kuita hutsotsi hwemari kana kuitengesa pamusika mutema.
• DDoS inorwisa: Botnets anoshandiswawo kutanga kupatsanurwa kurambwa kwesevhisi (DDoS) kurwiswa, iyo ine chinangwa chekuremedza webhusaiti kana network ine huwandu hukuru hwetraffic, zvichikonzera kusasvikika kwayo. yevashandisi zviri pamutemo. Kurwiswa uku kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya makambani, kukanganisa mukurumbira wavo uye kukonzera kurasikirwa kwemari.

Kugadzira uye kudzora botnet kunoda hunyanzvi hwepamusoro hunyanzvi, zvichiita kuti zviome kuona nekubvisa. MaCybercriminals anoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana siyana kutapurira uye kutora makomputa panetiweki yavo, sekutumira spam ine zvakashata zvakabatanidzwa, kushandisa kusashanda kwesoftware, uye kunyepedzera vashandisi kudhawunirodha software ine hutachiona.

Kuti udzivirire kubva kumabotnets, zvakakosha kuve neazvino-antivirus software uye kuchengetedza zvishandiso uye masisitimu anoshanda kusvika parizvino neazvino chengetedzo zvigamba Pamusoro pezvo, zvinokurudzirwa kudzivirira kuvhura maemail kana kudzvanya pane zvinonyumwira zvinongedzo, zvakare Shandisa akasimba, akasiyana mapassword kuchengetedza maakaundi epamhepo. Nekutora matanho ekuchengetedza aya, zvinokwanisika kudzikisira zvakanyanya njodzi yekuve munhu akabatwa botnets uye mamwe mabasa ehutsotsi munyika yedhijitari.

7. Rootkits Rootkits zvirongwa zvakashata zvinovanza kuvapo kwavo uye kubvumira kutonga kwakakwana pamusoro pehutachiona.

---

7. Rootkits

Munyika yekuchengetedzwa kwekombuta, rootkits Iwo mapurogiramu ane hutsinye anoratidzwa nekuvanza zvachose kuvepo kwavo pane hutachiona system. Aya software akagadzirirwa kunzvenga antivirus kuona uye kubvumira kutonga kwakazara pamusoro peiyo yakakanganiswa system. Kusiyana nedzimwe mhando dzemarware, rootkits inoisa chinyararire uye chinyararire, isingaonekwe kumushandisi uye kunyangwe kune epamberi kuchengetedza maturusi.

Chinangwa chikuru che rootkits iri kuchengetedza kupinda kusingatenderwe kune sisitimu, nokudaro ichibvumira vanorwisa kuti vaite zvakaipa vasingaonekwe. Aya mapurogiramu anogona⁤ kuvanza mafaera, maitiro uye madoko, shandura marongero yehurongwa hwekushanda uye kunyange gadzirisa matanda echiitiko kuti udzime chero humbowo hwekuita kwako. Pamusoro pezvo, rootkits inogona kushandisa hunyanzvi hwekuita senge maitiro uye mutyairi anonyengerera, zvichiita kuti zviome kuona nekubvisa.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dze rootkits Zvichienderana nemapindiro avanoita system. Mushandisi-chikamu rootkits akaiswa seanoshanda zviri pamutemo kana maturusi uye anotora mukana wemvumo inopihwa nemushandisi kuita hutsinye. Kune rimwe divi, kernel-level rootkits inoiswa pakadzika nhanho yekushandisa system, ichibvumira kutonga kwakazara pamusoro pe Hardware uye software. yekombuta. Aya ma rootkits ane ngozi zvakanyanya sezvo anogona kudzima chero nzira dzekudzivirira dzinoitwa pahurongwa.

---

8. Macro Virus⁢ Macroviruses zvirongwa zvakashata zvinomhanya mukati memagwaro uye ⁤kuwedzeredza macros kutapurira masisitimu.

Macro virus Iwo mapurogiramu ane hutsinye anomhanya mukati memagwaro uye anotora mukana wemacros kutapurira masisitimu. Mavhairasi aya anopinda mumafaira eMicrosoft Office, akadai seShoko, Excel kana PowerPoint, uye anobva angobatiswa kana gwaro rinenge rabatwa ravhurwa. Kuburikidza nema macros, mimwe mirairo inoitwa inobvumira hutachiona kuwana uye kugadzirisa mafaera pane system, pamwe nekupararira kune mamwe magwaro kana kutumira ruzivo rwakavanzika kumaseva ekunze.

Kune zvakasiyana-siyana zve macro virus izvo zvinogona kukanganisa makomputa nenzira dzakasiyana. Imwe yemhando dzakajairika ndeyekuzviuraya hutachiona, iyo inodzokorora nekukurumidza uye inopararira kuburikidza neakavanzika macros mumagwaro akagoverwa pane network kana kutumirwa neemail. Mavhairasi aya anogona kukuvadza kana kudzima mafaera akakosha, ⁣ akonzerese kuparara kwehurongwa uye kunyange kubvumira kupinda kusingatenderwe kune ruzivo rwakadzama.

Kuti uzvidzivirire kubva macro virus, zvinokurudzirwa kutora matanho ekuzvidzivirira. Chekutanga pane zvese, kutarisirwa kunofanirwa kutorwa kana uchivhura email zvakabatanidzwa kana kudhawunirodha magwaro kubva kune asingavimbike masosi. Pamusoro pezvo, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti une antivirus software uye unogara uchitarisa⁤ magwaro anouya. Inokurudzirwa zvakare kudzima macros muzvirongwa zveMicrosoft Office, kunze kwekunge zvichidikanwa, kuderedza njodzi yehutachiona. Nekutevera matanho aya, unogona kudzikisira zvakanyanya mukana wekuve nyajambwa weizvi zvirongwa zvakashata.

9. Adware ⁢ Adware imhando yehutachiwana hwekombuta inoratidza zviziviso zvisingadiwe uye inounganidza ruzivo nezve mashandisirwo emushandisi ekubhurawuza.

Adware imhando yehutachiwana hwekombuta inogona kukonzera kugumbuka uye kushushikana kune vashandisi vekombuta. Rudzi urwu rwemarware runoratidzwa nekuratidzira kushambadza kusingadiwe nenzira yepop-ups, mabhana kana pop-up windows paunenge uchitsvaga paInternet. Chinangwa chikuru che ⁢adware ndechekugadzira mari yekushambadza nekusimudzira zvigadzirwa zvisina kukumbirwa kana masevhisi. Nekudaro, inogona zvakare kuunganidza ruzivo nezve mushandisi maitiro ekubhurawuza, izvo zvinokanganisa kuvanzika uye kuchengetedzeka kwemunhu abatwa.

Imwe yenjodzi huru yeadware ⁢is⁤ kuti inoshandisa zviwanikwa zvehurongwa, ichidzikisira mashandiro ekombuta uye kuderedza kuita kwayo. Uyezve, kugara kuripo kwezvisina kukumbirwa kushambadzira kunogona kutsamwisa uye kukanganisa chiitiko chekubhurawuza. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti adware inogona kuiswa pasina ruzivo rwemushandisi kana mvumo, kutora mukana wekusagadzikana muhurongwa kana nekudhawunirodha software inogona kusachengeteka nekusaziva.

Kuti uzvidzivirire kubva kune adware, zvakakosha kuve neiyo yakanaka, yemazuva ano antivirus uye anti-malware chirongwa. Zvishandiso izvi zvinogona kuona uye kubvisa adware zvinobudirira, kudzivirira kupararira kwayo uye kuvimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwekombuta. Zvinokurudzirwawo kudzivirira kudhawunirodha software kubva kusingazivikanwe kana kunyumwira masosi, pamwe nekuchengetedza zvirongwa uye masisitimu anoshanda achigadziridzwa kudzivirira njodzi inobvira. Muchidimbu, kungwarira uye kutora matanho ekuzvidzivirira pamhepo matanho akakosha ekuzvidzivirira kubva kuadware nedzimwe mhando dzemalware.

10. Phishing Phishing ⁤inzira yekunyengedza inoshandiswa nematsotsi kuti vawane ruzivo rwemunhu nezvemari kubva kuvashandisi.

1. Mishonga

   ⁢ Pharming irudzi rwekubira kurwiswa kwakavakirwa⁤ pakutungamirazve⁢ mushandisi kuwebhusaiti yemanyepo pasina ruzivo rwavo, kuburikidza nekugadzirisa muDNS (domain name system) masisitimu. Murudzi urwu rwekurwisa, cybercriminal inotsvaga kuwana ruzivo rwakavanzika, senge mapassword kana ruzivo rwekubhengi, nekunyengera mushandisi kuti aise data rake panzvimbo yemanyepo. Zvakakosha kuve wakangwarira uye kugara uchisimbisa huchokwadi hwemawebhusaiti usati wapa chero mhando yeruzivo rwemunhu kana rwemari.

2. Email phishing

   Email phishing ndeimwe yenzira dzinowanzo kurwisa. Zvinosanganisira kutumira maemail makuru emanyepo anoita seanobva kuzvinhu zviri pamutemo, zvakaita semabhangi kana zvitoro zvinozivikanwa zvepamhepo. Aya maemail anowanzo sanganisira zvinongedzo zvakashata kana zvakanamirwa izvo, kana zvadzvanywa kana kudhawunirodha, zvinogona kukanganisa komputa yemushandisi nemalware kana kuvatungamira kune webhusaiti yenhema kuti vabire data ravo. ⁢Zvakakosha kungwarira paunenge uchivhura maemail kubva kune vasingazivikanwe kana vatumwa vanofungira⁢ uye kudzivirira kupa ruzivo rwakadzama kuburikidza nenzira idzi.

3. Kusvuta

   ⁣ Smishing musiyano we phishing unotora mukana we mameseji (SMS) kuedza kunyengedza vashandisi. Matsotsi epakombiyuta anotumira mameseji emanyepo kana kuti anoita seari pamutemo nechinangwa chekutsvaga ruzivo rwemunhu kana rwemari. Mameseji aya anogona kunge aine zvinongedzo zvakashata kana kukumbira mhinduro yemushandisi nedata rakakomba. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti masangano ari pamutemo, akadai semabhanga, haambofi akakumbira ruzivo rwakavanzika kuburikidza nemeseji. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kungwarira uye kusambopa ruzivo rwemunhu kana rwemari kuburikidza neiyi svikiro.