Litlhaloso Tse Hlolehileng: Lisosa, Litharollo, le Likotsi

Mathata a amanang le hloleha ho ntlafatsa litlhaloso Li-antivirus le litsamaiso tsa ts'ireletso ke hlooho e ntseng e ata ho basebelisi ba lapeng, batsamaisi ba sistimi le likhoebo tsa boholo bo fapaneng.

Ho boloka lik'homphieutha tsa hau li sirelelitsoe khahlanong le litšokelo tsa morao-rao ho itšetlehile ka ho toba ka ho ntlafatsa litlhaloso tsa kokoana-hloko. Ena ke ts'ebetso e bonahalang e le bonolo, empa e ka sitisoa ke lintlha tse fapaneng tsa tekheniki le tlhophiso. Sehloohong sena re tla bona Litlhaloso tsa antivirus ke life? y hobaneng liapdeite tsa hau li hlolehaRe boetse re hlahloba likotsi tse amanang le tsona, mekhoa e metle ea ho sebetsana le tsona, le mokhoa oa ho iketsetsa tsamaiso ea lintlafatso tsena.

Lintlafatso tsa litlhaloso ke eng mme hobaneng li le bohlokoa?

ea litlhaloso tsa antivirus ke lifaele tse kenyelletsang litlhaloso, lipaterone le li-signature tsa dijithale tsa livaerase, Trojans le mefuta e meng ea software e kotsi haufinyane tjena. Barekisi ba ts'ireletso ba fana ka litlhaloso tse ncha khafetsa, ka linako tse ling makhetlo a 'maloa ka letsatsi, ho netefatsa hore software ea ts'ireletso e khona ho lemoha le ho fokotsa litšokelo tse hlahang.

Ntle le ho ntlafatsa khafetsa litlhaloso tsena, likhomphutha ka bomong le marang-rang kaofela li setse e pepesehetse mafu a ka hlahang, ho sa tsotelehe hore na enjine ea antivirus e tsoetse pele hakae kapa e morao-rao hakae.

Ka hona, ho ntlafatsa li-database tsena tsa kokoana-hloko ke ho mosebetsi oa mantlha oa cybersecurity ho tswa ho sesebediswa sefe kapa sefe kapa tikoloho ya netweke. Ha lintlafatso tsena li hloleha kapa li sitisoa, komporo ea hau e ka ba kotsing ea ho se bone litšokelo tse ncha, ho nolofatsa ts'oaetso, bosholu ba data, phihlello e sa lumelloeng, kapa ho tsamaisoa ha litlhaselo tse tsoetseng pele (joalo ka ransomware).

Lisosa tse kholo tsa lintlafatso tsa litlhaloso tse hlolehileng

Liphoso ha u nchafatsa litlhaloso li ka bakoa ke lisosa tse ngata tse fapaneng. Ho tseba mohloli oa bothata ke senotlolo sa ho sebelisa tharollo e nepahetseng. Tse ling tsa hangata mabaka e fumanoeng liforamong tsa tšehetso tsa Microsoft le boiphihlelo ba batsamaisi ba sistimi ke:

• Mathata a khokahanyo ea Marang-rang: Haeba khomphuta ea hau e se na khokahanyo e tsitsitseng kapa puisano le li-server tsa mofani e thibetsoe, tlhaloso ea tlhaloso e ka 'na ea hlōleha kapa ea sitisoa.
• Litlhophiso tse fosahetseng tsa sebatli sa kamehla: Haholo-holo ho litsamaiso tsa Windows, ho kopanngoa ha antivirus le Internet Explorer ho ka ama ts'ebetso ea ntlafatso haeba ho e-na le likhohlano kapa sebapali se sa hlophisoa hantle.
• Letsatsi le nako e fosahetseng sesebelisoa: Li-server tse ngata tsa ntlafatso li hloka hore letsatsi le nako ea sistimi li nepahale. Ho lieha ho honyenyane ho ka etsa hore ho hana ho khoasolla, ho bonts'a liphoso tse tloaelehileng joalo ka 0x80072f8f.
• Lifaele tse senyehileng ho foldareng ea kabo ea software: Polokelo ea ntlafatso ea nakoana e kanna ea senyeha, ea thibela litlhaloso tse ncha ho kengoa kapa ho khoasolloa.
• Ho hloleha ha litšebeletso tse amanang le Windows Update: Haeba lits'ebeletso tsa ntlafatso li sa qale ka nepo kapa li koetsoe, litlhaloso li ke ke tsa khoasolloa le ho kengoa ka bo eona.
• Software ea khale ea antivirus kapa likhohlano lipakeng tsa tharollo ea ts'ireletsoHo tsamaisa mananeo a mangata a tšireletso ka nako e le 'ngoe ho ka thibela mekhoa ea ntlafatso le ho eketsa kotsi ea liphoso tse itseng.

Liphoso tse tloaelehileng le melaetsa e amanang le ho hloleha ha ntlafatso

Ha ntlafatso ea tlhaloso ea vaerase e hloleha, sistimi hangata e bonts'a melaetsa e kang ena:

• Lintlafatso ha lia khona ho sebelisoa.
• Lintlafatso tsa litlhaloso li ke ke tsa hlahlojoa, tsa jarolla, kapa tsa kengoa.
• Lintlafatso ha li instole ka bo eona joalo ka ha ho hlophisitsoe.
• Phoso 0x80072f8f (e amanang le letsatsi/nako e fosahetseng)

Ka linako tse ling, kamora ho hloleha, sistimi ka boeona e siea lintlafatso tse ntseng li emetse ho kengoa, tse ka bakang pherekano ho mosebelisi haeba e sa shejoe ka letsoho. Ho arabela litemoso tsena ka matla ho bohlokoa ho boloka ts'ireletso ea ts'ebetso.

Likotsi le litlamorao tsa ho se ntlafatse litlhaloso tsa antivirus

ea Liphello tsa ho sebetsa ka litlhaloso tse siiloeng ke nako li ngata ho feta feela ho khopisoa ke ho bona molaetsa oa phoso. Har'a likotsi tse amehang haholo ke:

• Keketseho e eketsehileng ho malware a hajoale: Antivirus e ke ke ea bona litšokelo tse hlahisitsoeng kamora ntlafatso e atlehileng ea ho qetela.
• Tsamaiso ea botsitso le litaba tsa ts'ebetsoMananeo a mangata a ts'ireletso a itšetlehile ka liapdeite hore li sebetse hantle, tse ka bakang likotsi kapa ho se sebetse hantle haeba li siiloe ke nako.
• Monyetla oa ho kenella kapa litlhaselo tse lebisitsoengLihlopha tsa botlokotsebe ba marang-rang li sebelisa hampe liphoso tsa ntlafatso ho qala matšolo a reriloeng khahlanong le lits'ebetso tse tlokotsing.
• Tšenyo ea moruo le tahlehelo ea data: Haholo-holo libakeng tsa khoebo, tlhaselo e atlehileng e ka fella ka tahlehelo ho limilione, joalo ka ha ho ne ho le joalo ka WannaCry, NotPetya, kapa liketsahalo tsa morao-rao tse kang ntlafatso e hlōlehileng ea CrowdStrike e ileng ea ama litšebeletso tsa bohlokoa lefatšeng ka bophara.

Boemong bo bobe ka ho fetesisa, ho haella ha lintlafatso ho ka lebisa ts'oaetsong e atileng ea lisebelisoa, e ama lits'ebeletso tsa bohlokoa joalo ka lipetlele, libanka, lipalangoang le lifofane, moo ho fumaneha ha data le ts'ireletso ho bohlokoa.

Matšoao a tloaelehileng le mokhoa oa ho lemoha bothata ba ntlafatso

Tseba ka nako a ho hloleha ha ntlafatso ea tlhaloso Ke habohlokoa ho qoba liphello tse tebileng. Ntle le melaetsa ea liphoso e thathamisitsoeng, u ka bona matšoao a kang:

• Litsebiso tse phehellang tse tsoang ho Windows Update kapa antivirus ka boeona.
• Tsamaiso ea nako ea desynchronization.
• Antivirus e bonts'a ts'ireletso e le 'e sa ntlafatsoang' kapa 'e kotsing'.
• Keketseho ea ts'ebetso e belaetsang komporong ea hau kapa marang-rang (ho fokotseha, lits'ebetso tse sa tsejoeng).

Ho ela hloko lintlha tsena ho ka u thusa hore u arabele pele liphello li e-ba mpe le ho feta.

 

Litharollo tsa mohato ka mohato bakeng sa liphoso tsa ntlafatso ea litlhaloso

Ka tlase ke lits'ebetso tse khothaletsoang ke litsebi le litsebi, tse kopanyang mekhoa e metle ea ho rarolla liphoso tse tloaelehileng ha ho ntlafatsoa litlhaloso, ho nka e le bukana ea tataiso. Microsoft Security bohlokoa, Windows Defender le boiphihlelo ba sistimi ea khoebo:

1. Sheba khokahano ea Marang-rang

Netefatsa hore komporo kapa seva e na le phihlello e tsitsitseng ya netweke 'me ha ho na lithibelo tsa firewall, proxy, kapa filter tse thibelang ho khoasolla ho tsoa ho li-server tsa molao tsa antivirus. Haeba ho hlokahala, leka khokahano ea sesebelisoa se seng kapa u tima firewall ka nakoana ho thibela mathata a puisano.

2. Seta bocha litlhophiso tsa sebatli sa hau sa kamehla

Mananeo a mangata a antivirus, haholo-holo Windows, a sebelisa Internet Explorer kapa Edge ho khoasolla liapdeite. Haeba sebatli se senyehile kapa se sa lokisoa hantle, e ka ba sesosa sa bothata. Ho e seta bocha:

1. Koala mananeo ohle, ho kenyeletsoa le sebatli sa hau.
2. Bula lenane la ho qala, thaepa 'inetcpl.cpl' ebe o tobetsa Enter ho bula Options Internet.
3. Eya ho Advanced tab ya mme o tobetse ho tsosolosa.
4. Amohela 'me u qale sebatli bocha.

3. Etsa bonnete ba hore letsatsi le nako li nepahetse

Liphoso tsa kamahanyo li ikarabella bakeng sa liphoso tse ngata tsa ntlafatso. Fetola letsatsi le nako ka letsoho kapa ka boiketsetso ka ho amahanya le li-server tse tloaelehileng tsa nako.

4. Reha bocha foldara ea kabo ea software

Tsamaiso SoftwareDistribution e boloka lifaele tsa nakoana tsa Windows Update. Haeba e senyehile, e ka thibela ho kenngoa ha nako e tlang. Ho e lokisa:

1. Emisa tšebeletso ea liapdeite tsa othomathike ho 'services.msc'.
2. Bula Command Prompt joalo ka motsamaisi 'me u tsamaise litaelo tse latelang:
   cd % windir%
   ren SoftwareDistribution SDTemp
3. Ka kopo qala tšebeletso ea ntlafatso hape.

5. Seta bocha enjene ea ntlafatso ea antivirus

Maemong a mangata, software ea antivirus e u lumella ho seta ts'ebetso ea ntlafatso ka ho sebelisa litaelo tse itseng ho sistimi:

• Bula console joalo ka motsamaisi.
• Tsamaea ho foldareng ea antivirus (mohlala, C: \ Lifaele tsa Lenaneo \ Windows Defender).
• Matha:
  MpCmdRun.exe -removedefinitions -dynamicsignatures
  MpCmdRun.exe -SignatureUpdate

6. Kenya liapdeite ka bowena

Haeba mokhoa oa othomathike o hloleha, o ka khoasolla litlhaloso ka letsoho ho webosaete ea morekisi mme o li kenye ka kotloloho, o etsa bonnete ba hore o khetha mofuta o nepahetseng bakeng sa sistimi ea hau ea ts'ebetso.

7. Ikopanye le tšehetso ea tekheniki haeba bothata bo ntse bo tsoela pele

Haeba ho se le e 'ngoe ea likhetho tse kaholimo e rarollang bothata, ho khothaletsoa hore o ikopanye le antivirus ea hau kapa sehlopha sa ts'ehetso sa morekisi oa sistimi ea ts'ebetso bakeng sa thuso ea hau.

Boiketsetso bo sebetsang hantle le taolo ea lintlafatso tsa litlhaloso

Bakeng sa tikoloho ea likhoebo, moo ho nang le likhomphutha tse ngata kapa tse makholo, ho boloka litlhaloso ka letsoho ha ho khonehe. Lisebelisoa tse kang Motsamaisi oa Patch Plus Li u lumella ho jarolla le ho kenya litlhaloso tsa antivirus ho likhomphutha tsohle marang-rang, ho laola tšebeliso ea li-bandwidth ka nepo le ho qoba mathata.

• Automation ka maano a bohareng e boloka nako ea batsamaisi mme e fokotsa monyetla oa phoso ea motho.
• Ntlafatso e ka hlophisoa ka nako mme e etelletse pele lisebelisoa tse itseng tsa bohlokoa.
• E o dumella ho lekola boemo ba diapdeite tsa netweke ka dinako tsohle, ho bona diyuniti tse nang le mathata a kamahanyo.

Mekhoa e metle ea ho thibela ho hloleha ha ntlafatso ea litlhaloso

Ka ho latela litataiso tse 'maloa tse bonolo u ka fokotsa monyetla oa ho ba le ntlafatso e hlolehileng:

• Kamehla hlahloba hore na tsamaiso e na le nako le letsatsi tse behiloeng ka nepo..
• Boloka enjene ea antivirus le sistimi ea ts'ebetso e nchafalitsoe ho etsa bonnete ba ho lumellana le ho fihlella ho likarolo tsa morao-rao.
• Sebelisa lisebelisoa tse bohareng tsa tsamaiso le li-automation libakeng tsa marang-rang, ho qoba tsamaiso ea matsoho neng le neng ha ho khoneha.
• Lekola litemoso tsa sistimi 'me u arabe hang hang ho litemoso life kapa life tse amanang le ts'ireletso.
• Etsa tlhahlobo ea nako le nako ea boemo ba lintlafatso le ho hlalosa ba ikarabellang ho li beha leihlo..

Bakeng sa li-server, ke mokhoa o motle oa ho hlophisa mesebetsi ea nako le nako (mohlala, ho sebelisa Windows Task Scheduler) ho qobella lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi le letsatsi ka li-script, ho netefatsa hore le haeba ts'ebetso e ikemetseng e hlōleha, ho na le tsela ea ho boloka.

Seo u lokelang ho se etsa haeba ho se na tharollo e sebetsang?

Haeba bothata bo ntse bo tsoela pele ka mor'a ho sebelisa likhothaletso, tharollo e matla ka ho fetesisa e ka ba ho hlakola antivirus ka botlalo, ho hloekisa masala ka lisebelisoa tse ikhethileng, le ho kenya mofuta oa morao-rao o lumellanang le sistimi e sebetsang. Libakeng tsa likhoebo, ho eletsoa ho buisana le tšehetso ea tekheniki ea morekisi le ho fana ka lintlha tse qaqileng tsa ho hloleha ho tsebahatsa hantle.

Ho feta moo, mekhatlong e nang le kutlo e phahameng, nahana ka a leano la tshohanyetso e kenyelletsang mekhoa e meng ea ts'ireletso ea nakoana ho fihlela ts'ebetso ea ntlafatso e khutlisoa, ho bohlokoa ho qoba likheo tsa ts'ireletso.

Ho laola lintlafatso tsa litlhaloso tsa antivirus ke mosebetsi o boima, leha hangata o sa hlokomelehe ho fihlela phoso e etsahala. Lula u falimehile, tseba lisosa tse atileng haholo tsa ho hloleha 'me u sebelise litharollo tse ikhethileng, re lumelle ho fokotsa kotsi ea tlolo ea ts'ireletso le ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea liketsahalo tse ka bang teng.