Mokhoa oa ho etsa PC

Lefatšeng la kajeno, tšebeliso ea lik'homphieutha e fetohile ea bohlokoa likarolong tsohle tsa bophelo ba letsatsi le letsatsi.. Ho tloha mesebetsing e bonolo joalo ka ho bala marang-rang, ho isa mesebetsing e rarahaneng joalo ka ho hlophisa livideo kapa ho etsa meralo ea litšoantšo, lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng lia hlokahala ho fumana liphetho tse nepahetseng. Leha ho le joalo, ba bangata ha ba tsebe ka tšebetso ea kaho. ho tsoa komporong 'me li na le moeli ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho khetha khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa litlhoko tsa bona. Sehloohong sena, re tla hlahloba mohato ka mohato mokhoa oa ho etsa PC, e fanang ka boitsebiso ba botekgeniki le bo sebetsang bakeng sa ba thahasellang ho fuputsa lefatšeng le tsotehang la ho haha ​​thepa ea lik’homphieutha.

Pele o qala ts'ebetso ea ho aha ⁢PC, ke habohlokoa ho hlakisa morero oa tšebeliso ea eona. . Khetho ea likarolo E tla itšetleha⁢ ka litlhoko le likhetho tsa mosebelisi. Bakeng sa ba hlokang feela k'homphieutha ea motheo bakeng sa mesebetsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi e kang ho bala Inthaneteng le ho ngola litokomane, hoa khoneha ho khetha likarolo tsa matla a tlaase le theko Ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba u batla sesebelisoa se matla haholoanyane bakeng sa mesebetsi e hlokang joalo ka moralo oa litšoantšo kapa mananeo, likarolo tsa tshebetso e phahameng. Hlalosa tekanyetso Hape ke ntlha e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa e lokelang ho nahanoa, kaha sena se tla susumetsa boleng le bokhoni. ho tloha PC.

Hang ha likarolo tse hlokahalang li se li hlalositsoe, e tlameha ho fumanoa ho latela lintlha tse hlokahalang tsa tekheniki. ‍ Morerisi ⁢ ke e 'ngoe ea lintho tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa, kaha e khetholla lebelo le bokhoni ba ho sebetsa ba lisebelisoa. Likarolo tse ling tsa bohlokoa ke motherboard, memori ea RAM, ‍ el hard drive le karete ea litšoantšo. Ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko tšebelisano lipakeng tsa tsona ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea tsona e nepahetseng. Ntle le moo, ho bohlokoa ho etsa lipatlisiso le ho bapisa mefuta le mefuta e fapaneng ho fumana likhetho tse lumellanang le litlhoko le likhetho tsa mosebelisi.

Hang ha likarolo tsohle li fumaneha, ke nako ea ho li bokella. Nyeoe ea komporo Ke sebaka seo likarolo tsohle li tla beng li le teng 'me ke habohlokoa ho netefatsa hore se na le sebaka se lekaneng, moea o motle le kabo e nepahetseng ea lithapo ho qoba mathata nakong e tlang. Kopano ea likarolo e hloka ho latela litaelo le likhothaletso tse fanoeng ke bahlahisi, hammoho le ho ba hlokolosi hore ba se ke ba senya likarolo leha e le life nakong ea ts'ebetso.

Ka bokhutšoanyane, ho haha ​​​​PC ea ⁤a⁤ Ho ka 'na ha bonahala eka ke mokhoa o tšosang ho ba sa tloaelaneng le theknoloji kapa mantsoe a theknoloji, leha ho le joalo, ka boitsebiso bo nepahetseng le lisebelisoa, hoa khoneha ho kopanya k'homphieutha e lumellanang le litlhoko le likhetho tsa motho ka mong. . Sehloohong sena, re hlahlobile mehato ea bohlokoa ho aha PC, ho tloha ho khetha likarolo ho isa kopanong ea ho qetela. Re tšepa hore tataiso ena e sebetsang e tla ba molemo ho ba lakatsang ho kena lefatšeng la ho theha lik'homphieutha tse tloaelehileng.

1. Lintlha tse hlokahalang ho haha ​​​​PC

Ho theha PC, ho bohlokoa ho ba le lintlha tse hlokahalang. Ntlha ea pele khetho ea processor E bohlokoa, kaha e tla tsebahatsa lebelo le ts'ebetso ea sistimi. Ho kgothaletswa ho khetha processor ea morao-rao ea moloko, ebang ke Intel kapa AMD, e nang le palo e ntle ea li-cores le maqhubu a phahameng. Ho feta moo, ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka ho lumellana ha boardboard le ho hlahloba sokete e hlokahalang.

Ha e le tsa mama, ho bohlokoa ho khetha e lumellanang le litlhoko cpu 'me u lumelle katoloso le lintlafatso tse tlang. E tlameha ho ba le li-slots tse hlokahalang tsa katoloso ea likarete tsa litšoantšo, Memori ea RAM le polokelo. Ntle le moo, ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore e na le likou tse lekaneng tsa USB le lihokelo tsa SATA.

Ntlha e 'ngoe e lokelang ho eloa hloko ke Li-module tsa memori ea RAM, e amang ts'ebetso ea sistimi ka kotloloho. Ho eletsoa ho khetha li-modules tsa lebelo le phahameng⁤ le bokhoni, tse lumellanang le boholo ba bokhoni⁤ bo tšehetsoeng ke motherboard. Ho feta moo, ke habohlokoa ho hlahloba mofuta oa RAM o sebelisitsoeng, kaha sena se tla ama ho lumellana le likarolo tse ling.

2. Khetho ea likarolo tse loketseng

Nakong ena ts'ebetsong ea ho aha PC, ho bohlokoa ho khetha likarolo tse nepahetseng ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea sistimi. Ho khetha likarolo tse nepahetseng ho tla netefatsa ho lumellana, botsitso le katleho ea komporo ea rona e tloaelehileng.

Morero: The processor ke boko ba PC ea rona, ka hona, ho khetha e nepahetseng ho bohlokoa. Re tlameha ho batlisisa le ho bapisa mefuta e fapaneng, re ela hloko palo ea li-cores, lebelo la oache, cache le theknoloji ea tlhahiso. Ho feta moo, ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka mofuta oa sokete eo board ea rona ea bo-mme e e tšehetsang ho netefatsa hore lia lumellana.

Boto ea 'Mè: Ho bohlokoa ho khetha board ea mama e loketseng, kaha ona e tla ba motheo oa komporo ea rona. Re tlameha ho ela hloko mofuta oa sokete ea processor, palo ea li-slots tsa RAM, likou tsa USB, libaka tsa katoloso le matla a overclocking. Ho feta moo, ho bohlokoa ho nahana hore na ke mofuta ofe oa boardboard o tla lekana litlhoko tsa rona hantle, joalo ka e etselitsoeng lipapali kapa e etselitsoeng lits'ebetso tsa ho hlophisa video.

Memori ea RAM: RAM e bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea PC kaha e boloka data le mananeo a ntseng a sebelisoa ka nakoana. Re tlameha ho nahana ka bokhoni le lebelo la RAM ho latela litlhoko tsa rona le tekanyetso e teng. Ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko mofuta oa memori oo board ea rona e e tšehetsang, joalo ka DDR4 kapa DDR3, le palo ea li-module tseo re ka li kenyang ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea PC ea rona.

3. Ho kenya ⁢ motherboard le ⁣CPU

Karolong ena, re tla ithuta ho kenya "motherboard" hantle le CPU ho PC ea rona. Tsena ke likarolo tse peli tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea lisebelisoa tsa rona mme ho bohlokoa ho etsa mehato ena ka hloko le ka nepo.

Mohato oa pele ke ho fumana sebaka sokete ea motherboard ka chassis ea PC. Sokete ena ke sehokelo se tla lumella khokahano ea CPU le board ea mama. Ha e se e fumanehile, a re etse bonnete ba hore re e lokisa ka nepo, 'me re etse bonnete ba hore e behiloe hantle. CPU socket.

Ka mor'a moo, ke nako ea ho kenya CPU ka soketeng. Ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko mokhoa o nepahetseng oa CPU le ho e hokahanya ka hloko le sokete. Ha e se e hokahantsoe, ka hloko haholo, theola lever ea socket ho boloka CPU e le teng. Ha re netefatse hore CPU e behiloe ka nepo 'me ⁢e sirelelitsoe ka soketeng.

Hang ha ts'ebetso⁤ ea CPU e felile, ha re tsoeleng pele ka ho beoa ha mama.⁤ Ha re etseng bonnete ⁢ hore likou tsohle tse lebotong la bo-mme li lumellana le masoba ⁢ka har'a chassis ea PC. Ha re se re lokisitsoe, ha re sebeliseng likurufu tse tlang le base plate ho e tiisa ka thata ho chassis. Ke habohlokoa hore u se ke ua tiisa li-screw, kaha sena se ka senya motherboard. Qetellong, a re hokeleng lithapo tsohle tse hlokahalang ho motherboard, tse kang lithapo tsa motlakase, lithapo tsa SATA, le lithapo tsa molumo.

4. Khokahano ea likarolo tse fapaneng tsa Hardware

Khokahano ea phepelo ea motlakase: Mohato oa pele oa ho hokahanya likarolo tse fapaneng tsa hardware ke ho netefatsa hore u na le mohloli o lekaneng oa matla. Sena se hokela ho motherboard ho sebelisa likhoele tse tsamaellanang. Ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore phepelo ea motlakase e lumellana le likarolo tsohle tse tla sebelisoa, ho nahanoa ka matla a hlokahalang le palo ea likhokahano tse teng. Khokahano e fosahetseng ea phepelo ea motlakase e ka baka mathata a ts'ebetso kapa ea senya likarolo.

Ho kenya motherboard: Ha phepelo ea motlakase e se e hokahantsoe, ke nako ea ho kenya board ea mama. ⁢Sena se behiloe ⁢ka har'a khabinete mme se sirelelitsoe⁢ ka likurufu libakeng tse bontšitsoeng tsa ho lokisa. Pele o beha "motherboard", ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore masoba a ntseng a hola a tšoana le a ka sekoting. Hang ha e kentsoe, lithapo tse tsoang phepelong ea motlakase lia hokeloa 'me likhokahano lia hlahlojoa ho netefatsa hore li tiile.

Khokahano ea likarolo tse ling: Hang ha "motherboard" e kentsoe, likarolo tse ling tsa hardware lia hokahana. Sena se kenyelletsa RAM, e kentsoeng ka har'a li-slots tse tsamaellanang letlapeng la bo-mme, ho latela litaelo tsa moetsi. Joale, likhoele tse tsoang ho hard drive le lisebelisoa tsa polokelo, joalo ka SSD kapa li-drive tsa optical, li hokahane. Qetellong, lithapo tsa peripheral li hokahane, joalo ka keyboard, toeba le ho beha leihlo Ke habohlokoa ho latela litaelo tsa moetsi tabeng ka 'ngoe, ho qoba mathata a ho lumellana kapa likhokahano tse fosahetseng.

Ka bokhutšoanyane, ho PC ke ts'ebetso ea mantlha bakeng sa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea lisebelisoa. Likarolo tse kang ho tsamaellana ha phepelo ea motlakase, ho kengoa ka nepo ha boardboard le khokahano e nepahetseng ea likarolo tse ling li tlameha ho tsotelloa. Ka ho latela litaelo tsa moetsi le ho netefatsa khokahanyo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, u ka netefatsa kopano e atlehileng ea PC.

5. Litlhophiso tsa tsamaiso le bakhanni

Tlhophiso ea mokhoa oa ho sebetsa ⁤ le bakhanni ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea ts'ebetso ea kaho ea PC. Hang ha kopano ea 'mele ea likarolo e phethiloe, ke nako ea ho etsa hore tsamaiso e phele. Karolong ena, ke tla u tataisa ho latela mehato e hlokahalang ho hlophisa hantle Sistimi e sebetsang le balaoli.

Mohato oa 1: Ho kenya sistimi e sebetsang

Mohato oa pele ke ho kenya sistimi ea ts'ebetso ho PC ea hau. Ho etsa sena, o tla hloka disk ea ho kenya kapa flash drive e nang le faele ea ho kenya. Kenya disk kapa flash drive ⁤ka har'a drive e tsamaellanang ebe o qala komporo ea hau bocha. Nakong ea ho qala, o tla hloka ho kena ho Litlhophiso tsa Boot ho etsa bonnete ba hore PC e batla mecha ea phatlalatso pele. Latela litaelo tse skrineng ho phethela ho kenya sistimi ea ts'ebetso. Ha e se e kentsoe, qala komporo ea hau bocha 'me u qale ho natefeloa ke sistimi ea hau e ncha.

Mohato oa 2: Ho nchafatsa sistimi ea ts'ebetso

Hang ha sistimi ea ts'ebetso e kentsoe, ho bohlokoa ho e nchafatsa mofuta oa morao-rao ho netefatsa ts'ireletso le ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea komporo ea hau. Eya ho li-setting tsa sistimi e sebetsang⁢'me u batle khetho ea ntlafatso. Tobetsa ho eona 'me u latele litlhahiso tsa ho khoasolla le ho kenya lisebelisoa life kapa life tse fumanehang. Hopola— ho qala komporo ea hau bocha ka mor'a ⁢ho kenya ts'ebeliso ea liapdeite hore liphetoho li sebetse.

Mohato oa 3: Ho kenya Driver

Bakhanni ke mananeo a lumellang sistimi ea ts'ebetso le hardware ho latela pc ea hau buisana le emong. Ho bohlokoa ho etsa bonnete ba hore u na le li-driver tse nepahetseng tse kentsoeng bakeng sa karolo ka 'ngoe ea PC ea hau. U ka fumana bakhanni ba marang-rang ho tsoa ho baetsi ba likarolo kapa ka disk e kenyelelitsoeng ea ho kenya. Hang ha u se u khoasollotse li-driver tse hlokahalang, tsamaisa lifaele tsa ho kenya 'me u latele litaelo tse skrineng. Etsa bonnete ba hore o qala PC ea hau bocha kamora ho kenya e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e le hore bakhanni ba jare ka nepo.

6. Ntlafatso ea BIOS le tlhophiso

BIOS ⁢(Basic Input/Output System) ke firmware e fumanehang lebotong la komporo mme e ikarabella ho etsa mesebetsi ea mantlha ea hardware⁤ nakong ea ho qala sistimi. Ona ke mosebetsi oa bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea komporo ea hau Mona ke mehato e meng ea bohlokoa ea ho etsa mosebetsi ona.

Ntlafatso ea BIOS: Ho khothalletsoa ho boloka BIOS ea hau e nchafalitsoe ho netefatsa hore u na le lintlafatso le litokiso tsa morao-rao tsa software. Ho etsa sena, etela sebaka sa hau sa Marang-rang sa moetsi oa bo-motherboard 'me u khoasolle mofuta oa morao-rao oa BIOS. Latela litaelo tse fanoeng ho etsa apdeite ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng.

Litlhophiso tsa matla: BIOS e u lumella ho hlophisa likhetho tse fapaneng tsa matla tse ka ntlafatsang tshebetso ea PC ea hau. Tse ling tsa likhetho tsena li kenyelletsa taolo ea lebelo la fan, taolo ea boroko, le ho boloka matla. Etsa bonnete ba hore u hlahloba le ho fetola liparamente tsena ho latela litlhoko le likhetho tsa hau.

Tokiso ea taelo ea boot: BIOS e boetse e u lumella ho beha taelo ea boot ea lisebelisoa tsa polokelo, joalo ka hard drive kapa CD/DVD drive. Ke habohlokoa ho etsa bonnete ba hore tsamaiso ea boots ho tloha sesebelisoa se loketseng ho qoba mathata a ho qala. Hlahloba le ho lokisa tatellano ea bootlamo karolong e tsamaellanang ea BIOS.

Hopola ho ⁢ho etsa liphetoho kamehla ho BIOS ka hloko le ho latela litaelo tsa moetsi. ⁤BIOS e sa hlophisoang hantle e ka ba le tšusumetso e mpe ts'ebetsong le botsitso ba komporo ea hau. Haeba o sa tiisehe ka ho etsa litlhophiso tse tsoetseng pele ho BIOS, ho molemo ho buisana le setsebi sa k'homphieutha. Ka li-setting tse nepahetseng, o ka eketsa ts'ebetso ea PC ea hau mme oa natefeloa ke boiphihlelo bo potlakileng le bo sebetsang.

7. Tlhahlobo ea Ts'ebetso ea PC le Tlhahlobo

Hang ha PC e se e kopantsoe le ho hlophisoa, ho bohlokoa ho etsa liteko tse ngata ho lekola ts'ebetso ea eona. Liteko tsena li u lumella ho fumana mathata a ka bang teng le ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea sistimi. Ka tlase ke liteko tsa mantlha tse lokelang ho etsoa:

1. Teko ea botsitso: Teko ena e na le boikarabello ba ho lekola bokhoni ba sistimi ea ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o tsoelang pele le ka botsitso tlas'a meroalo e matla. Ho sebelisoa lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tse behang khatello ea maikutlo ho PC, joalo ka ho tsamaisa mananeo a matla haholo, lipapali, kapa mesebetsi ea ho fana. Nakong ea tlhahlobo ena, likarolo li behiloe leihlo ho fumana liphapang life kapa life tse ka bang teng, joalo ka ho chesa haholo kapa ho se sebetse hantle.

2. Teko ea tšebetso: Teko ena e shebane le ho lekola bokhoni ba PC mabapi le lebelo le katleho. Lisebelisoa tsa benchmarking li sebelisoa ho lekanya ts'ebetso ea processor, karete ea litšoantšo, memori le hard drive, har'a likarolo tse ling. Lipalo-palo tsena li bapisa liphetho tse fumanoeng le litekanyetso tsa litšupiso mme li fana ka lintlha tse u lumellang ho lekola tšebetso e amanang le sistimi.

3. Tlhahlobo ea lisebelisoa: Mothati ona o bohlokoa ho bona mathata a ka bang teng a hardware a ka amang ts'ebetso ea PC. Lisebelisoa tsa ho hlahloba li sebelisoa tse hlahlobang likarolo ka bomong, ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea tsona e nepahetseng. Liteko tsena li re lumella ho tseba hore na ⁢karolo,⁤ joalo ka RAM, hard drive kapa karete ea litšoantšo, e na le liphoso kapa liphoso tšebetsong ea eona. Haeba bothata leha e le bofe bo fumanoa, mehato e hlokahalang e ka nkoa ho e rarolla, e kang ho nkela karolo e fosahetseng sebaka kapa ho ntlafatsa bakhanni ba tsamaeang.

Ho etsa liteko le tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso ea PC ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea eona e nepahetseng le ho qoba mathata a tlang. Liteko tsena li u lumella ho tseba mathata a ka bang teng le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sistimi. Se lebale⁢ hore ho ba le lisebelisoa tse maemong a felletseng ho tla u fa mokelikeli le boiphihlelo bo khotsofatsang ba mosebelisi.

8. Tlhokomelo le tlhokomelo ea PC

Tlhokomelo ea PC e thibelang

Tlhokomelo ea PC e bohlokoa ho etsa bonnete ba hore e sebetsa hantle le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba eona ba bohlokoa lerōle le hloekileng kamehla⁤ le bokelletsoeng likarolong tse ka hare. Ho etsa sena, ho eletsoa ho sebelisa moea o hatelitsoeng le ho qoba tšebeliso ea li-vacuum cleaners, kaha tsena li ka hlahisa static e kotsi bakeng sa lipotoloho Hape ke tsa bohlokoa. hlahloba le ho hloekisa Fans ho thibela mocheso o feteletseng oa PC. Ntlha e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ke ntjhafatsa sistimi e sebetsang le mananeo khafetsa, kaha lintlafatso hangata li kenyelletsa ntlafatso ea ts'ireletso le tokiso ea liphoso.

Tlhokomelo e nepahetseng ea PC

Haeba ho na le mathata ts'ebetsong ea PC, hoa hlokahala ho etsa tokiso ea ho lokisa. E 'ngoe ea liketso tse tloaelehileng haholo ke hlahloba dikgokelo le dithapo ho etsa bonnete ba hore li hoketsoe ka nepo le hore ha li senyehe. Haeba PC e lula e qala hape, ho bonolo hlahloba mocheso oa CPU ⁢ 'me u hloekise ⁢ sinki ea mocheso ha ho hlokahala. Haeba PC e sa bule, e ka 'na ea e-ba ka lebaka la bothata ba phepelo ea motlakase, kahoo e kgothaletswa e leke ka PC e 'ngoe kapa u e nkele sebaka ha ho hlokahala. Ka ho tšoanang, ke ea bohlokoa etsa kopi ea tšireletso Tlhokomelo ea nako le nako ea data ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ho qoba tahlehelo haeba e ka hloleha hard drive kapa karolo e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa.

Malebela a Eketsehileng a Tlhokomelo ea PC

Ntle le ho etsa tlhokomelo ea kamehla, ho na le lintlha tse ling tseo u lokelang ho li ela hloko⁤ ho hlokomela PC. Ka mohlala, ke ea bohlokoa qoba ⁢ho kenya mananeo a sa tsejoeng kapa⁢ ho tsoa mehloling e sa tšepahaleng, kaha li ka ba le malware kapa livaerase tse senyang ts'ebetso ea komporo. Keletso e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ke sebelisa antivirus le firewall e nchafalitsoe ho sireletsa komporo ea hau khahlano le litšokelo tsa kantle.⁤ Ho feta moo, oa khothaletsoa U se ke ua koala PC ka tšohanyetso, empa kamehla sebelisa khetho ea ho koala sistimi. Qetellong, ho loketse u se ke ua jarisa hard drive ka lifaele le mananeo a sa hlokahaleng, kaha sena se ka ama ts'ebetso ea PC.