Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa Windows Defender Firewall ka nepo

Nchafatso ea hoqetela: 13/11/2025

  • Liprofaele ka marang-rang le melaoana ea granular ho laola sephethephethe ka app, IP, port le protocol.
  • Tsamaiso e bonolo ho tsoa ho Windows Security le console e tsoetseng pele bakeng sa maemo a thata.
  • Ho e boloka e sebetsa le ho se emise tšebeletso ho thibela ho hlōleha le ho ntlafatsa tšireletso.
lifensetere tsa mosireletsi

Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ts'ireletso ea Windows, firewall ea sistimi ke e 'ngoe ea bahale bao u sa kang ua ba bona, empa e sebetsa ka thata. Ka Windows Firewall Windows Defender E sebetsa, sistimi ea hau e sefa likhokahano mme e thibela phihlello e sa lumelloeng, 'me e tlatselletsoa ke tlhokomeliso ea ho kena lipakeng ntle le ho khathatsa haholo. Khopolo e bonolo: lumella seo u se hlokang 'me u thibele se belaetsang.ho fokotsa sebaka se ka holimo se pepesehileng litlhaselo ha u ntse u bala, u sebetsa kapa u bapala.

Ka ntle ho lebitso, firewall ena ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea tsamaiso, e kenyelelitsoeng e le e tloaelehileng 'me e loketse ho sebetsa ho tloha booting ea pele. E kopanya le app ea Windows SecurityE u lumella ho khetha marang-rang a tšeptjoang, 'me, ha ho hlokahala, u ka sebelisa melao e hlophisitsoeng hantle ka kopo, aterese ea IP, port, kapa protocol. Ha ho hlokahale hore u be motsamaisi oa tsamaiso ho sebetsana le lintho tsa motheo, empa haeba u batla ho teba, ho boetse ho na le lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele.

Windows Defender Firewall ke eng mme ke hobane'ng ha e le taba?

Karolo ena e sebetsa joalo ka sefe pakeng tsa komporo ea hau le marang-rang kaofela. Windows Defender Firewall e sekaseka sephethephethe se kenang le se tswang E etsa qeto ea ho lumella kapa ho thibela ho latela maano le melao. E ka sefa ka mohloli kapa aterese ea IP, nomoro ea boema-kepe, protocol, kapa esita le lenaneo le ikhethileng le lekang ho buisana. Sena se o lumella ho thibela puisano feela ho lits'ebetso le lits'ebeletso tseo u li batlang.

Ke firewall e thehiloeng ho moamoheli, e tla e kopantsoe le Windows le E lumelloa ka ho sa feleng likhatisong tsohle tse tšehetsoengHo ba teng ha eona ho eketsa mokhoa oa ho itšireletsa ka botebo, ho fana ka lera le eketsehileng khahlanong le lits'oso tsa marang-rang le ho ntlafatsa taolo maemong a lehae le a khoebo.

Windows Defender Firewall

Liprofaele tsa marang-rang le mefuta: domain, ea lekunutu, le ea sechaba

Li-firewall li ikamahanya le maemo a marang-rang ho sebelisa maano a mangata kapa a fokolang. Windows e sebelisa lintlha tse tharo: domain, ea poraefete le ea sechaba, 'me u ka fana ka melao ho profaele ka 'ngoe ho laola boitšoaro ho latela hore na o hokela hokae.

Marang-rang a poraefete le marang-rang a sechaba

Marang-rang a poraefete, joalo ka marang-rang a lapeng, ka tloaelo u tla batla ponahalo e itseng lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa tse tšepahalang. Khomphuta ea hau e ka bonoa bakeng sa ho arolelana lifaele kapa printa 'Me hangata melao ha e na lithibelo tse fokolang. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, marang-rang a sechaba, a kang Wi-Fi ea lebenkele la kofi, bohlale ke ba bohlokoa: lisebelisoa ha lia lokela ho bonahala, 'me taolo e thata haholo ho qoba mathata ka lisebelisoa tse sa tsejoeng.

Ha o hokela marang-rang khetlo la pele, Windows e u botsa hore na ke ea lekunutu kapa ea sechaba. Haeba u etsa phoso ha u khetha, u ka e fetola ho tswa ho Network and Sharing Center., ho kenya khokahano ho lokisa mofuta oa marang-rang, 'me, ka ho eketsa, profil e sebelisitsoeng ea firewall.

Domain network

Libakeng tsa likhoebo tse nang le Active Directory, haeba komporo e hokahane le domain name 'me e lemoha molaoli, profil ea domain e tla sebelisoa ka bo eona. Boemo bona ha boa etsoa ka letsoho.E kenngoa ts'ebetsong ha mekhoa ea motheo e e khetholla, e hokahanya maano a marang-rang le litaelo tsa mekhatlo.

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Laola firewall ho tsoa ho Windows Security app

Bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi, tsela e bonolo ka ho fetisisa ke ho bula Windows Security ebe u ea ho Firewall le Network Protection. Ha u le moo u tla bona boemo ba boemo bo bong le bo bong ha u habanya feela. Mme o ka kenya ts'ireletso kapa oa tima ts'ireletso bakeng sa domain, ea lekunutu, kapa marang-rang a sechaba, ka bonngoe.

Ka har'a profil e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, khetho ea Microsoft Defender Firewall e u lumella ho fetola lipakeng tsa Ho nolofalitsoe le ho holofala. Ho tima ha se mohopolo o motle ntle le maemong a ikhethileng.Haeba sesebelisoa se ts'oaroa, hoa utloahala ho se lumella ka tsela e laoloang ho feta ho theola molebeli oa sistimi eohle.

Thibelo e felletseng ea likhokahano tse kenang

Ho na le khetho e ikhethileng ea ho eketsa ts'ireletso: thibela likhokahano tsohle tse kenang, esita le tse tsoang lenaneng la lits'ebetso tse lumelletsoeng. Ha e kentsoe, mekhelo e hlokomolohuoa. 'me e koala monyako oa boiteko leha e le bofe bo sa kōptjoang. E na le thuso ho marang-rang a kotsi kapa nakong ea liketsahalo, le hoja e ka senya litšebeletso tse hlokang ho kenya letsoho ho tsoa marang-rang a sebaka seo.

Mokhoa oa ho tima Windows Defender

Likhetho tse ling tsa bohlokoa tse tsoang skrineng se le seng

  • Dumella sesebelisoa ka firewallHaeba ho na le ntho eo u e hlokang e sa hokahaneng, eketsa mokhelo bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea eona kapa bula kou e tsamaisanang le eona. Pele o etsa joalo, lekola kotsi 'me u behe moeli ho boemo bo itseng ba marang-rang.
  • Setharolli sa marang-rang le marang-rang: sesebelisoa sa othomathike sa ho hlahloba le, ka tšepo, ho lokisa liphoso tse akaretsang tsa khokahano.
  • Litlhophiso tsa tsebisoFetola hore na u batla ho fumana litemoso tse kae ha firewall e thibela tšebetso. E molemo bakeng sa ho leka-lekanya tšireletso le lerata.
  • Litlhophiso tse tsoetseng peleSena se bula module ea khale ea Windows Defender Firewall e nang le ts'ireletso e tsoetseng pele. E u lumella hore u thehe melao e kenang le e tsoang ka ntle, melao ea ts'ireletso ea khokahanyo (IPsec), le ho hlahloba lintlha tsa ho hlahloba. Ho e sebelisa ka mokhoa o sa khetheng ho ka senya litšebeletso, kahoo tsoela pele ka hloko.
  • Khutlisa LiphosoHaeba ntho e itseng kapa motho e mong a fetotse melao mme ha ho letho le sebetsang kamoo le lokelang ho sebetsa kateng, o ka khutlela ho litlhophiso tsa fektheri. Likhomphuthang tse laoloang, maano a mokhatlo a tla sebelisoa hape ka mor'a hore melao e behoe bocha.

Boitšoaro ba kamehla le mehopolo ea bohlokoa

Ha e le hantle, firewall e sebetsa ka mokhoa o hlakileng ho tsoa kantle ho: Thibela sephethephethe sohle se sa batloang ntle le haeba molao o le teng seo se dumella seo. Bakeng sa sephethephethe se tsoang ka ntle, mokhoa o fapane: o lumelloa ntle le haeba molao o hana.

Molao oa firewall ke eng?

Melao e etsa qeto ea hore na mofuta oa sephethephethe o lumelloa kapa o thibetsoe, le tlas'a maemo afe. Li ka hlalosoa ka mekhoa e mengata. e kopanyang ho tseba hantle seo o batlang ho se laola.

  • Kopo kapa tšebeletso: e hokahanya molao le lenaneo le itseng kapa tšebeletso.
  • Mohloli le liaterese tsa IP: e tšehetsa mefuta le limaske; hape le boleng bo matla joalo ka heke ea kamehla, li-server tsa DHCP le DNS kapa li-subnets tsa lehae.
  • Protocol le likouBakeng sa TCP kapa UDP, hlakisa likou kapa mekhahlelo; bakeng sa liprothokholo tsa moetlo, o ka supa nomoro ea IP ho tloha ho 0 ho isa ho 255.
  • Mofuta oa sebopeho: cable, Wi-Fi, lithanele, joalo-joalo, haeba u batla ho sebelisa melao ho likhokahano tse itseng feela.
  • ICMP le ICMPv6: li-filters ka mefuta e itseng le likhoutu tsa melaetsa ea taolo.
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Ho phaella moo, molao o mong le o mong o ka lekanyetsoa ho profil e le 'ngoe kapa tse ngata tsa marang-rang. Ka hona, sesebelisoa se ka buisana le marang-rang a poraefete empa se khutsitse ho marang-rang a sechaba., ho eketsa tšireletso ha tikoloho e e batla.

Melemo e sebetsang lapeng le mosebetsing

  • E fokotsa kotsi ea litlhaselo tsa marang-rang ka ho fokotsa ho pepeseha le ho eketsa tšitiso e 'ngoe ho leano la hau la ts'ireletso.
  • E sireletsa lintlha tsa lekunutu ka likhokahano tse netefalitsoeng le, ha ho hlokahala, ho isa pheletsong e patiloeng le IPsec, 'me u ka ithuta ho Sireletsa Windows PC ea hau.
  • Sebelisa hamolemo seo u seng u ntse u e-na le sonaKe karolo ea Windows, ha e hloke lisebelisoa tse ling kapa software, 'me e hokahana le litharollo tsa motho oa boraro ka li-API tse ngotsoeng.

Kenya tshebetsong, tima, mme o seta botjha ka tsela e bolokehileng

Ho kenya firewall ho Windows 10 kapa 11, e ea ho Windows Security, bula Firewall le Network Protection, khetha profaele ebe u e beha ho Buletsoe. Haeba u sebetsa marang-rang a khoebo, ho ka ba le maano a fokotsang liphetoho.Kahoo hopola seo haeba e sa u lumelle ho fetola boemo.

Haeba u hloka ho e thibela ka lebaka le itseng, u ka e etsa ho tloha skrineng eona eo ka ho e fetola hore e be Disabled, kapa ho tloha ho Control Panel tlas'a Sistimi le Ts'ireletso, Windows Defender Firewall, le khetho ea Ho e bulela kapa ho e tima. Ha e khothalletsoe 'me e lokela ho etsoa ka nakoana feela.hobane e o siea o pepesitsoe ho feta.

Ho seta litlhophiso bocha, e ea ho Paneli ea Taolo, kenya Windows Defender Firewall, ebe u khetha Khutlisa li-default. Ke tsela e potlakileng ea ho hloekisa melao e makatsang le ho kgutlela boemong bo tsebahalang ha kgokelo e sebetsa ka tsela e makatsang.

Lumella sesebelisoa ka firewall

Haeba sesebelisoa se molaong, joalo ka Chrome Remote Desktop, se hloleha ho hokela, ha ho hlokahale ho theola firewall. Sebelisa khetho ea Lumella app kapa tšobotsi Ho khetha lenaneo le ho hlakisa hore na ke liprofaele life tsa marang-rang tseo e ka buisanang le tsona (tsa lekunutu le/kapa tsa sechaba), tobetsa Fetola litlhophiso ha ho hlokahala ho etsa hore ho hlophisoe le ho boloka liphetoho.

Liphetolelong tsa pejana tsa Windows tse kang 8.1, 8, 7, Vista kapa XP, mokhoa ona o tšoana le Panel ea Taolo. Sheba karolo ea firewall, 'me u ee ho lumella app ka har'a firewallSheba lebokose bakeng sa ts'ebeliso likholomong tse amehang tsa profil 'me u netefatse. Le hoja sebopeho se ka fetoha hanyenyane, mohopolo o ntse o tšoana.

Melao e tloaelehileng e nang le console e tsoetseng pele

Bakeng sa maemo a ikhethileng, bula karolo ea Windows Defender Firewall ka ts'ireletso e tsoetseng pele. U ka e fumana ho tsoa ho Start menu kapa ho tsoa karolong ea maemo a tsoetseng pele ka har'a Windows Security. Ha u le moo u tla bona Melao ea ho Kena le Melao ea ho Tsoa ho theha, ho hlophisa, kapa ho tima maano a felletseng.

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Ho theha molao o mocha, wizard e tla u tataisa: khetha hore na ke ea lenaneo, boema-kepe kapa tloaelo; hlalosa boema-kepe kapa e ka phethisoang haeba ho hlokahala; khetha ketso (lumella, lumella haeba ho bolokehile, kapa thibela); e fokotsa ho li-profiles tse lakatsehang tsa marang-rang; ebe o e fa lebitso le hlalosang. Granularity ena e lumella, ho etsa mohlala, ho lumella feela boema-kepe bo hlokoang ke app marangrang a poraefete, empa thibela boiteko bofe kapa bofe ho marang-rang a sechaba.

U ka boela ua beha melao ka liaterese tsa IP tseo u eang ho tsona. Haeba u batla ho thibela phihlello libakeng tse itsengHlalosa mekhahlelo e itseng kapa liaterese, u ntse u hopola hore ho sefa ho etsoa ka IP kapa port, eseng ka domain name natively.

Mekhoa e metle le seo u sa lokelang ho se etsa

Khothaletso e akaretsang ea Microsoft e hlakile: seke oa tima firewall ntle le haeba o na le lebaka le utloahalang. U ne u tla lahleheloa ke melemo e kang melao ea IPsec, ts'ireletso khahlanong le mekhoa ea tlhaselo ea marang-rang, tšireletso ea litšebeletso, le li-filters tse qalang ho qala.

Ela hloko ka ho khethehileng ho sena: le ka mohla u se ke ua emisa tšebeletso ea firewall ho tloha ho console ea litšebeletso. Tšebeletso e bitsoa MpsSvc 'me lebitso la eona la pontšo ke Windows Defender Firewall.Microsoft ha e tšehetse tloaelo ena 'me e ka baka mathata a tebileng joalo ka ho hloleha ha menyetla ea ho qala, liphoso tsa ho kenya kapa ho nchafatsa lits'ebetso tsa sejoale-joale, ho hloleha ho kenya Windows ka mohala, kapa ho se lumellane le software e itšetlehileng ka firewall.

Haeba o hloka ho e tima molemong oa pholisi kapa liteko, etsa joalo ka ho lokisa liprofaele ho tsoa ho sehokelo kapa ka mohala oa taelo ntle le ho emisa ts'ebeletso. Tlohela enjene hore e sebetse 'me u hlokomele sebaka ho qoba ditlamorao le ho kgona ho kgutlela morao kapele.

Lilaesense tse tsamaellanang le likhatiso

Windows Defender firewall e fumaneha likhatisong tse kholo tsa sistimi. Windows Pro, Enterprise, Pro Education kapa SE le Education li kenyelletsa eonaKa hona, ha ho hlokahale hore u reke eng kapa eng ho e sebelisa. Mabapi le litokelo tsa laesense, ho na le mefuta e latelang e kenyellelitsoeng: Windows Pro le Pro Education (SE), Windows Enterprise E3 le E5, le Windows Education A3 le A5.

Likhaoletsa le ho kenya letsoho

Haeba u batla ho fana ka litlhahiso kapa ho tlaleha mathata ka karolo, bula Feedback Hub ka motsoako oa WIN + F 'me u sebelise sehlopha se loketseng tlas'a tšireletso le boinotšing, ts'ireletso ea marang-rang. Maikutlo a thusa ho beha lintlafatso pele Re tla ntlafatsa boiphihlelo liphetolelong tse tlang.

Windows Defender Firewall ha e felle feela ho tima kapa ho tima; ke mokhoa o feto-fetohang o lumellanang le mofuta oa marang-rang, o tšehetsa melao ka kopo, IP le protocol, 'me o itšetlehile ka IPsec bakeng sa ho netefatsa le ho ngolla ha ho hlokahala. Ka likhetho tsa ho lumella lits'ebetso, mojule o tsoetseng pele oa melao ea tokiso e ntle, reset kapele, le bokhoni ba ho matlafatsa liprofaele tsa sechaba.U ka ba le ts'ireletso e matla ntle le ho tela ts'ebetso. Ho e boloka e sebetsa, ho qoba litšitiso tsa lits'ebeletso, le ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng ha sesebelisoa se hoama ke tsela e ntle ea ho leka-lekanya ts'ireletso le boiketlo maemong afe kapa afe.

Sireletsa Windows PC ea hau ho lihloela tse tsoetseng pele
Sehlooho se amanang:
Mokhoa oa ho sireletsa Windows PC ea hau khahlano le lihloela tse tsoetseng pele joalo ka APT35 le litšokelo tse ling