Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa Tor ka firewall?

Tataisong ena ea tekheniki, u tla ithuta ho sebelisa software ea Tor hammoho ka sehatsetsi sa mollo ho eketsa ts'ireletso ea likhokahano tsa hau tsa Marang-rang. Motsoako oa bobeli o khothaletsoa haholo bakeng sa basebelisi ba batlang ho sireletsa boinotši ba bona le ho lula ba sa tsejoe ha ba ntse ba bala marang-rang. E 'ngoe, Re tla hlahloba mehato e hlokahalang ho hlophisa hantle Tor le firewall ea hau, 'me re hlalose hore na u ka fumana molemo o moholo joang motsoakong ona o matla. Itokisetse ho qoelisoa lefats'eng ea lekunutu la inthaneteng le ts'ireletso ea data!

1. Tokiso ea mantlha ea firewall:

Ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall, ho bohlokoa ho etsa tlhophiso ea mantlha e lumellang lisebelisoa ka bobeli tsa ts'ireletso hore li sebetse hantle. Taba ea pele, o hloka ho hlophisa firewall ea hau ho lumella sephethephethe se tsoang le se tlang seo Tor e se hlokang ho theha likhokahano tse sireletsehileng. Sena se kenyelletsa ho bula likou tse khethehileng tse sebelisoang ke Tor, joalo ka port 9001 bakeng sa puisano ea data. Ho boetse ho khothaletsoa ho thibela likou tse ling tse sa hlokahaleng bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea Tor, e le ho qoba likotsi tse ka bang teng.

Taba ea bobeli, ke habohlokoa ho etsa bonnete ba hore firewall ha e thibele sephethephethe leha e le sefe se amanang le ts'ebetso ea Tor. Sena se kenyelletsa ho lumella ho fihlella li-node tsa Tor ho romella lipakete le ho amohela likarabo. Ntle le moo, phetisetso ea li-port e tlameha ho lumelloa ho firewall, e le hore likhokahano tse kenang li ka tsamaisoa ka nepo ka Tor.

Ho sebelisa melao ea filthara:

Hang ha firewall e se e hlophisitsoe, ho bohlokoa ho sebelisa melao e meng ea ho sefa ho ntlafatsa ts'ireletso le boinotši ha u sebelisa Tor. Sena se ka finyelloa ka ho theha melao e tloaelehileng e fokotsang sephethephethe se tsoang le se kenang. Mohlala, o ka beha molao o lumellang feela sephethephethe sa Tor ka boema-kepe bo itseng bo sebelisitsoeng.

U ka boela ua nahana ka ho kenya ts'ebetsong melao e thibelang sephethephethe ho tloha ho liaterese tsa IP tse tsejoang e le tse kotsi kapa tse belaetsang. Sena se tla thusa ho thibela litlhaselo tse ka bang teng le ho netefatsa tikoloho e sireletsehileng haholoanyane ha o sebelisa Tor. Ho bohlokoa ho boloka manane a liaterese tse mpe tsa IP a le morao tjena bakeng sa tšireletso e nepahetseng.

Monitoreo y ajustes:

Qetellong, ho bohlokoa ho beha leihlo ts'ebetso ea firewall khafetsa le ho etsa liphetoho ha ho hlokahala. Sena se kenyelletsa ho lekola lits'ebetso tsa li-firewall ho fumana liphoso tse ka bang teng kapa liteko tse sa lumelloeng tsa khokahano. Hape, lula u le haufi le lintlafatso tsa morao-rao tsa ts'ireletso ea firewall le software ea Tor, kaha sena se tla netefatsa boemo bo nepahetseng ba ts'ireletso.

Haeba mathata a ho hokahanya kapa li-blocks tse sa lebelloang li fumanoa, ho kgothaletswa ho hlahloba tlhophiso ya firewall le ho fetola ka tsela e nepahetseng. Ho beha leihlo kamehla ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ebeliso e bolokehileng le e sebetsang ea Tor hammoho le firewall, ka hona ho fana ka tšireletso e eketsehileng le boinotši ha u bala marang-rang.

2. Khokahano ea Tor le mefuta e fapaneng ea firewall:

Tšebelisano ea Tor le mefuta e fapaneng ea li-firewall e ka ba phephetso bakeng sa basebelisi ba batlang ho sebelisa software ena ea lekunutu hammoho le sistimi ea bona ea ts'ireletso ea inthaneteng. Ka lehlohonolo, ho na le litharollo le li-tweaks tse 'maloa tse ka sebelisoang ho netefatsa hore Tor e sebetsa hantle le ha firewall e le teng.

1. Tseba mefuta ea li-firewall le lithibelo tsa tsona: Pele u leka ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall, ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa hore na mefuta e fapaneng ea li-firewall e sebetsa joang le hore na ke lithibelo life tseo ba ka li behang. Li-firewall e ka ba hardware kapa software, 'me e ka ba le melao e tobileng e thibelang mefuta e itseng ea sephethephethe kapa lisebelisoa. Ho etsa lipatlisiso le ho tseba lithibelo tsa firewall ea hau ke mohato oa pele oa ho netefatsa hore Tor e lumellana hantle.

2. Lokisa mekhelo ea firewall: Ha u se u utloisisa hore na firewall e sebetsa joang, u ka hlophisa mekhelo ho lumella sephethephethe sa Tor ka firewall. Sena Ho ka etsoa ho bula likou tse hlokahalang hore Tor e sebetse hantle. Ntle le moo, melaoana e ikhethileng e ka beoa ho lumella sephethephethe sa Tor ho tsejoa le ho lumelloa ke firewall ntle le lithibelo. Leha ho le joalo, ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ha ho etsoa litlhophiso tsena, tlhokomelo e tlameha ho nkoa hore e se ke ea senya ts'ireletso ea kakaretso ea tsamaiso.

3. Sebelisa borokho ba Tor: Haeba firewall ea hau e ke ke ea hlophisoa ho lumella sephethephethe sa Tor, tharollo e 'ngoe ke ho sebelisa borokho ba Tor. Tor bridges ke li-node tse sa thathamisoang phatlalatsa 'me li sebelisetsoa ho qoba ho fumanoa ha sephethephethe sa Tor. Marokho ana a ka ba molemo haeba firewall ea hau e thibela kapa e thibela ho fihlella ho li-server tse tloaelehileng tsa Tor. Ka ho sebelisa borokho ba Tor, basebelisi ba ka pata sephethephethe sa Tor le ho feta lithibelo tsa firewall, ho netefatsa hore lia lumellana.

3. Ho lokisa firewall ho lumella khokahano ho Tor:

Haeba u sebelisa Tor 'me u na le firewall e sebetsang, u ka' na ua thulana le mathata a ho theha khokahanyo e sireletsehileng. Leha ho le joalo, ka tlhophiso e nepahetseng, o ka lumella Tor hore e sebetse ka mokhoa o se nang moeli ka firewall ea hau. Mona ke litlhahiso tsa ho hlophisa firewall ea hau ho lumella khokahano ho Tor:

1. Lumella sephethephethe sa Tor ho feta likoung tse hlokahalang: Ho lumella Tor hore e hokahane ka katleho le firewall, o tlameha ho netefatsa hore likou tse hlokahalang li bulehile. Tsena ke likou tsa TCP le UDP 9050 le 9053. Etsa bonnete ba hore u lokiselitse firewall ea hau ho lumella sephethephethe se kenang le se tsoang likoung tsena.

2. Etsa melao e khethehileng ea Tor-specific firewall: Ho bohlokoa ho hlophisa melao e itseng ea firewall bakeng sa Tor. Sena se tla netefatsa hore ke sephethephethe se amanang le Tor feela se lumelloang ka firewall. U ka theha molao o le mong ho lumella sephethephethe se tsoang ho aterese efe kapa efe ea IP likoung tse boletsoeng ka holimo le molao o mong ho thibela sephethephethe se seng se amanang le Tor.

3. Kamehla ntlafatsa firewall ea hau le Tor: Ho boloka firewall ea hau le Tor li ntse li le teng ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa khokahano e sireletsehileng le e tsitsitseng ka firewall. Etsa bonnete ba hore u sebelisa liphetolelo tsa morao-rao tsa software ka bobeli 'me u sebelise liapdeite hang ha li fumaneha. Ntle le moo, lekola litlhophiso tsa hau tsa firewall khafetsa ho netefatsa hore li tsamaisana le likhothaletso tsa ts'ireletso ea Tor.

4. Mekhoa e metle ea ho hlophisa firewall hammoho le Tor:

Ka poso ena, re tla hlahloba mekhoa e metle ea ho theha firewall mmoho le Tor, marang-rang a sa tsejoeng a ka fanang ka lekunutu le ts'ireletso e eketsehileng ho ho bala inthanete. Tlhophiso e nepahetseng ea li-firewall e bohlokoa ho boloka khokahano ea hau le ho netefatsa hore ke sephethephethe sa Tor feela se tsamaisoang ho eona. Litaelo tse ling tseo u ka li latelang ke tsena bakeng sa ho seta ka katleho.

1. Lumella sephethephethe sa Tor feela: Ho bohlokoa ho hlophisa firewall ea hau ho lumella sephethephethe sa Tor feela le ho thibela tse ling kaofela. Sena se ka finyelloa ka ho sebelisa melao e tobileng ho lumella feela ho fihlella li-node tsa Tor le ho thibela puisano leha e le efe e 'ngoe. Ka ho etsa sena, o netefatsa hore sephethephethe sa hau se sirelelitsoe mme ha ho na ho lutla ha tlhahisoleseling.

2. Lokisa melao ea ho kena le ho tsoa: Ho eletsoa ho hlophisa melao e arohaneng bakeng sa sephethephethe se kenang le se tsoang. Sena se tla u lumella ho ba le taolo e kholo holim'a hore na ke mefuta efe ea likhokahano e lumelletsoeng le e koetsoeng, ka hona ho eketsa katleho ea firewall ea hau. U ka beha melao e kenang ho lumella sephethephethe se tsoang ho li-node tsa Tor le ho thibela tse ling kaofela. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, o ka hlophisa melao e tsoang ho lumella sephethephethe ho li-node tsa Tor le ho thibela puisano efe kapa efe.

3. Beha melao ea kamehla ea thibelo: Bakeng sa ts'ireletso e kholoanyane, ho bohlokoa ho beha melao ea kamehla ea thibelo ho firewall ea hau. Sena se bolela hore ntle le ha ho hlalositsoe ka tsela e 'ngoe molaong o itseng, sephethephethe sohle sa marang-rang se tla thibeloa. Ho etsa joalo ho tla etsa bonnete ba hore liteko life kapa life tse sa lumelloeng tsa khokahanyo li hanoa ka ho sa feleng. Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore o tlameha ho eketsa melao e tobileng ho lumella sephethephethe sa Tor, ho seng joalo le eona e tla thibeloa.

Hopola, ho hlophisa firewall ea hau hantle hammoho le Tor ho ka u fa boemo bo eketsehileng ba ts'ireletso le boinotši ha u ntse u bala marang-rang. Latela mekhoa ena e metle 'me u fetole litlhophiso tsa hau ho latela litlhoko tsa hau tse ikhethileng. Lula u sireletsehile 'me u natefeloe ke boiphihlelo bo sa tsejoeng ba ho bala ka ho kopanya Tor le firewall e hlophisitsoeng hantle.

5. Ho rarolla mathata a tloaelehileng ha u sebelisa Tor ka firewall:

Bothata: Basebelisi ba bangata hangata ba tobana le mathata ha ba leka ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall. Lebaka ke hobane li-firewall li ka thibela sephethephethe sa Tor, ho thibela ho fihlella marang-rang a sa tsejoeng. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le litharollo tsa ho hlola tšitiso ena le ho thabela boinotši le tšireletseho tseo Tor e fanang ka tsona. Mona ke tse ling tsa litharollo tse tloaelehileng ho rarolla bothata bona.

1. Configuración del firewall: E 'ngoe ea litsela tse atlehang ka ho fetisisa tsa ho rarolla bothata bona ke ho lokisa li-setting tsa hau tsa firewall. *Ho bohlokoa ho tseba le ho lumella sephethephethe se amanang le Tor*. Sena se bolela ho lumella sephethephethe sa marang-rang sa Tor ka likou tse hlokahalang (hangata li-port 9001 le 9030). Ntle le moo, o lokela ho nolofalletsa tharollo ea DNS bakeng sa Tor mme o netefatse hore lits'ebeletso le mananeo a amanang le Tor ha a lokolohe lithibelong tsa firewall.

2. Tšebeliso ea marokho: Haeba ho lokisa litlhophiso tsa firewall ea hau ho sa lekana ho fihlella Tor, o ka leka ho sebelisa marokho. Borokho ke li-server tsa Tor tse sa thathamisoang phatlalatsa 'me ho thata hore li-firewall li li bone le ho li thibela. Ka ho sebelisa marokho, o ka feta lithibelo tsa firewall mme oa hokela ho netweke ea Tor. U ka fumana lethathamo la marokho webosaeteng ea semmuso ea Tor mme u hlophise moreki oa hau oa Tor hore a a sebelise. Khetho ena e bohlokoa haholo haeba u le naheng e nang le lithibelo tse matla tsa inthanete.

6. Bohlokoa ba ho boloka firewall ea hau e ntse e le teng ha u sebelisa Tor:

Ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall ke mokhoa o ntseng o eketseha oa ho boloka boinotši le ts'ireletso ea inthaneteng. Leha ho le joalo, ke ea bohlokoa kamehla boloka firewall e nchafalitsoe ka liphetolelo tsa morao-rao le litlhophiso ho netefatsa tšireletso e sebetsang. Firewall e nchafalitsoeng e khona ho thibela litlhaselo tse tsejoang le bofokoli, kahoo e thibela tšebeliso ea likheo tse ka bang teng tsa ts'ireletso.

Una de las razones más importantes para boloka firewall e ntse e le teng ka ho sebelisa Tor ke ho itšireletsa khahlanong le litlhaselo tsa marang-rang tse ka bang teng. Ka ho boloka melao ea ho sefa le litlhophiso tsa li-firewall li ntse li le teng, u ka thibela likhokahano tse sa batleheng le ho boloka linokoane le bahlaseli ba le tseleng. mananeo a kotsi. Sena se bohlokoa haholo ha o sebelisa Tor, kaha hangata o fihlella liwebsaete seo se ka belaetsang kapa se ka bang kotsi.

Lebaka le leng la bohlokoa ntlafatsa firewall ha u sebelisa Tor ke ho sireletsa lekunutu la litaba tse fetisoang. Ka ho boloka firewall e nchafalitsoe, ho lutla ho ka bang teng ha data kapa ho lutla ha tlhahisoleseling ho ka thibeloa, ka hona ho boloka lekunutu la data ea hau. Ntle le moo, firewall e nchafalitsoeng e ka thibela ho bokelloa ha data kapa lits'ebetso ha u ntse u sebelisa Tor, ho thusa ho boloka ho se tsejoe le lekunutu.

7. Lintlha tsa ts'ireletso ha u sebelisa Tor le firewall hammoho:

Ha u sebelisa Tor, marang-rang a ho se tsejoe ka mabitso a marang-rang, hammoho le firewall, ho na le lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa ts'ireletso tseo u lokelang ho li hopola. Ho sebelisa Tor le firewall ho ka ntlafatsa le ho feta boinotšing le ts'ireletso ea lintlha tsa hau inthaneteng. Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa mokhoa oa ho hlophisa firewall hantle ho netefatsa boiphihlelo bo sireletsehileng le bo bonolo.

Pele ho tsohle, ho bohlokoa ho lumella sephethephethe sa Tor ka firewall. Marang-rang ana a sebelisa likou tse ikhethileng ho theha likhokahano tse sireletsehileng le tse sa tsejoeng. Etsa bonnete ba hore u bula likou tsena ho firewall ea hau hore Tor e sebetse hantle. Ho boetse ho khothaletsoa hore o lumelle sephethephethe sa Tor feela mme o thibele sephethephethe se seng ho firewall bakeng sa ts'ireletso e eketsehileng.

Ntho e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa eo u lokelang ho e nahana ke Boloka li-firewall tsa hau li nchafalitsoe le ho beoa leihlo khafetsa ho bona le ho felisa bofokoli bo ka bang teng. Lintlafatso tsa khafetsa li tla netefatsa hore firewall ea hau e na le ts'ireletso ea morao-rao le lipache tsa ts'ireletso. Ho feta moo, melao ea firewall e hloka ho hlophisoa hantle ho thibela data ea bohlokoa hore e se ke ea lutla kapa ho pepesoa ha tlhahisoleseling ea hau.

8. Litlhahiso tse ling tsa ho sireletsa boinotši ha u sebelisa Tor le firewall:

Karolong ena, re tla fana ka litlhahiso tse ling tse ka u thusang ho matlafatsa boinotši ba hau ha u ntse u sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall. Malebela ana e tla u lumella ho eketsa tšireletso ea lintlha tsa hau 'me u boloke lintlha tsa hau li sireletsehile.

1. Ntlafatsa khafetsa: Ho boloka Tor le firewall ea hau li ntse li le teng ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ireletso e tsoelang pele. Baetsi ba lisebelisoa ba lula ba fana ka liapdeite tsa ts'ireletso le lithapo ho lokisa bofokoli bo tsebahalang. Etsa bonnete ba hore u khoasolla le ho kenya liphetolelo tsa morao-rao tsa mananeo ka bobeli ho netefatsa hore u nka monyetla ka lintlafatso tsa morao-rao tsa ts'ireletso.

2. Lokisa firewall ea hau hantle: Ho utloisisa mokhoa oa ho lokisa firewall ea hau hantle ho bohlokoa ho holisa ts'ireletso ea hau ea lekunutu. Etsa bonnete ba hore o thibela likhokahano tsohle tse sa lumelloeng le ho theha maano a matla a ts'ireletso. Nahana ka ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa firewall tse u lumellang hore u iketsetse melao ea ts'ireletso ho latela litlhoko tsa hau tse khethehileng.

3. Limita los permisos de acceso: Ho bohlokoa ho fokotsa tumello ea phihlello ea firewall ea hau ho netefatsa hore ke lits'ebetso le likhokahano tse lumelletsoeng feela tse ka buisanang ka Tor. Lekola melao ea sephethephethe ea firewall ea hau ka hloko 'me u e hlahlobe nako le nako ho netefatsa hore ha ho lits'ebetso kapa lits'ebeletso tse sa batleheng tse ka fihlellang marang-rang. Ho feta moo, nahana ka ho thibela likhokahano tse tsoang, tseo u sa li hlokeng ho fokotsa likotsi tse ka bang teng.

Hopola hore motsoako oa Tor le firewall e matla e ka u fa boemo bo eketsehileng ba ts'ireletso le boinotšing, empa ho bohlokoa ho latela litlhahiso tsena kaofela ho itšireletsa. ka katleho. Ka ho latela litataiso tsena, o ka etsa bonnete ba boiphihlelo bo bolokehileng ba inthaneteng mme oa boloka data ea hau e sirelelitsoe ha o ntse o nka monyetla ka melemo ea ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall.

9. Melemo le mathata a ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall:

Tor ke marangrang a puisano a sa tsejoeng a lumellang basebelisi ho kena Marang-rang ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng le lekunutu. Leha ho le joalo, ha u sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall, ho na le melemo le mathata Re lokela ho nahana ka eng. Pele ho tsohle, e 'ngoe ea melemo ea mantlha ea ho sebelisa bobeli ke ho doble capa de protección U fumana eng. Tor le firewall li sebetsa 'moho ho sireletsa boitsebahatso ba rona le ho boloka likhokahano tsa rona.

Ha e le bofokoli, ntho e ka sehloohong ke hore ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall can ama lebelo la kgokelo. Sephethephethe sa data se tlameha ho feta node ea ho tsoa ea Tor ebe se sefshoa ke firewall, e ka fokotsang lebelo la ho kenya le ho jarolla maqephe a webo. Ho feta moo, ke habohlokoa ho hopola hore firewall e ka thibela litšebeletso tse itseng tse sebelisang liprothokholo tse ikhethileng tsa marang-rang, tse ka fokotsang boiphihlelo ba rona ba ho bala.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, monyetla o mong oa ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall ke hore E eketsa karolo e eketsehileng ea tšireletso. Tor e sebelisa encryption ho sireletsa likhokahano, athe firewall e sebetsa e le tšitiso e sireletsang khahlano le litlhaselo tsa kantle tse ka bang teng. Sena se thusa ho boloka mesebetsi ea rona ea Marang-rang e bolokehile ebile e le thata ho e latela. Ho feta moo, firewall e ka thibela likhokahano tse sa lumelloeng mme ea sireletsa lisebelisoa tsa rona le tsa rona netweke ea lehae.

Qetellong, ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall ho na le mathata. melemo le mathata. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, o fumana ts'ireletso e kholoanyane le boinotši inthaneteng ka lebaka la ho kopanya lisebelisoa ka bobeli. Leha ho le joalo, e ka boela ea ama lebelo la khokahanyo le ho thibela litšebeletso tse itseng. Kamehla ho bohlokoa ho lekanya melemo le mefokolo ea ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall le ho fetola litlhophiso ho latela litlhoko le lintho tse tlang pele bophelong ba rona mabapi le ts'ireletso ea inthaneteng le boinotšing.

10. Maemo a Khethehileng a Tšebeliso ea Tor le Firewall le Mokhoa oa ho a Rarolla:

Ho na le maemo ao ho ona ho hlokahalang ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall ho etsa bonnete ba hore u bala ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng le o sa tsejoeng. E 'ngoe ea linyeoe tse atileng haholo ke ha ho hlokahala ho fihlella marang-rang a koetsoeng ke lithibelo tsa libaka kapa tlhahlobo ea mmuso. Maemong ana, Tor e ka sebetsa e le borokho bo sireletsehileng ho fihlella litaba tse koetsoeng ntle le ho senya boinotši ba basebelisi.

Taba e 'ngoe e ikhethileng ea ts'ebeliso ke ha o hloka ho sireletsa boitsebiso ba mosebelisi ho marang-rang a sa sireletsehang a sechaba, joalo ka likhokahano tsa mahala tsa Wi-Fi. Ka ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall e nepahetseng, batho ba boraro ba ka thijoa ho kena-kenana le tlhahisoleseding ea botho e rometsoeng kapa e fumanweng nakong ya ho tsamaya. Li-firewall li ka thibela liteko leha e le life tsa ho senya data, ha Tor e pata aterese ea IP ea mosebedisi mme e pata sephethephethe, e fana ka tšireletso e eketsehileng.

Ntle le moo, Ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall ho ka thibela ho latela le ho beha leihlo inthaneteng ka mekhatlo ea mmuso kapa lik'hamphani tsa papatso. Liwebsaete tse ngata le lits'ebeletso tsa marang-rang li latela lits'ebetso tsa basebelisi ho bokella lintlha tsa motho le ho theha liprofaele tsa basebelisi. Ka ho sebelisa Tor le ho hlophisa firewall ea hau hantle, U ka boloka lekunutu le ho se tsejoe inthaneteng, ho qoba pokello ea lintlha le ho netefatsa ts'ireletso e kholoanyane ha u ntse u bala marang-rang.

Ka kakaretso, ho sebelisa Tor hammoho le firewall e loketseng ho ka ba molemo haholo maemong a fapaneng a ts'ebeliso. Hore na o fihlella litaba tse koetsoeng, ho sireletsa boitsebahatso ho marang-rang a sechaba kapa ho qoba ho lateloa ha marang-rang, motsoako ona o fana ka ts'ireletso e kholo le boinotši ha o ntse o bala marang-rang. Ho hlophisa firewall hantle le ho sebelisa Tor ka boikarabelo ho netefatsa hore ho na le mokhoa o sa tsejoeng le o se nang lithibelo.