Mokhoa oa ho kenya CUDA ho Windows ntle le liphoso: tataiso bakeng sa bahlahisi le baqapi

Ho kenya CUDA ho Windows Ha ho hlokahale hore e be hlooho e bohloko haeba u tseba hore na u qale hokae le hore na u hlahlobe eng mohatong o mong le o mong. Sehloohong sena ke tla u tataisa ka tsela e sebetsang, e nang le lintlha tsohle tsa ho lumellana, ho kenya, ho netefatsa le ho rarolla mathata a tloaelehileng ho netefatsa hore sesebelisoa sa lisebelisoa se sebetsa hantle khomphuteng ea hau lekhetlo la pele.

Ntle le ho koahela sesebelisoa sa khale sa Toolkit ho Windows, u tla bona mokhoa oa ho sebelisa CUDA ka WSL, ho e kenya ka Conda kapa pip, bokella mehlala le Visual Studio, 'me u utloisise mefuta e fapaneng ea bakhanni ba NVIDIA ho Windows. Litaba li kopane ebile li nakong. E ipapisitse le litataiso tsa semmuso le maemo a nnete a ka u etsahallang, joalo ka laptop e nang le hybrid AMD iGPU + NVIDIA dGPU GPU.

CUDA ke eng mme e fana ka eng ho Windows?

CUDA Ke sethala sa mananeo a tšoanang a NVIDIA le mohlala o lumellang potlakisa lits'ebetso ka GPUHo tloha ho AI le mahlale a data ho isa ho lipapiso le ts'ebetso ea litšoantšo. Boemong bo sebetsang, ho kenya CUDA Toolkit ho Windows ho u fa moqapi oa nvcc, nako ea ho sebetsa, lilaebrari tse joalo ka cuBLAS, cuFFT, cuRAND, le cuSOLVER, lisebelisoa tsa ho lokisa le ho etsa profil, le mehlala e seng e loketse ho bokella.

Moralo oa CUDA o etsa hore ho be bonolo ho kopanya CPU le GPU ts'ebelisong e le 'ngoe: likarolo li-serial ka har'a processor le likarolo tse bapileng ho GPU, tse fanang ka likhoele tse makholo kapa tse likete tse tsamaeang ka ho bapa. Ka lebaka la mohopolo o arolelanoang oa on-chip le lilaebrari tse ntlafalitsoeng, ho qhoma ha tshebetso Hangata e bonahala tlas'a meroalo e matla.

Ho lumellana ha sistimi le komporo ho Windows

Pele o sebelisa installer, ho bohlokoa ho hlahloba hore na e sebetsa joang. Windows e lumellana Liphetolelo tsa morao-rao tsa lebokose la lithulusi li kenyelletsa: Windows 11 24H2, 23H2 le 22H2-SV2; Windows 10 22H2; le Windows Server 2022 le 2025.

Ho li-compilers, tšehetso e tloaelehileng e kenyelletsa MSVC 193x e nang le Visual Studio 2022 17.x le MSVC 192x e nang le Visual Studio 2019 16.x, e nang le lipuo tsa C+++11, C++14, C++17, le C++20 (ho itšetlehile ka phetolelo). Visual Studio 2015 e ile ea tlosoa CUDA 11.1; VS 2017 e ile ea theoha ka 12.5 'me ea tlosoa ka 13.0. Sheba matrix e hlakileng ea mofuta oa hau ho qoba dimakatso.

Bohlokoa bakeng sa merero ea lefa: Ho qala ka CUDA 12.0, pokello ea 32-bit e tlositsoe, 'me ts'ebetso ea li-binary tsa 32-bit x86 ho litsamaiso tsa x64 e lekanyelitsoe ho mokhanni, quart le lipalo ho GeForce GPUs ho fihlela moahong oa Ada; Hopper ha e sa tšehetsa li-bits tse 32.

Khetha le ho kenya Toolkit ho Windows

Khoasolla sesebelisoa ho webosaete ea semmuso ea NVIDIA CUDA. U ka khetha Network Installer (download e fokolang e sebelisang marang-rang bakeng sa ba bang kaofela) kapa Full Installer (tsohle ka har'a sephutheloana se le seng, tse molemo bakeng sa metjhini e se nang marangrang kapa lits'ebetso tsa khoebo). Ka mor'a ho khoasolla, netefatsa botšepehi ka checksum (mohlala, MD5) ho thibela bobolu.

Sebelisa graphical installer 'me u latele mehato e hlahang skrineng. Bala Lintlha tsa Phatlalatso bakeng sa mofuta oa hau hobane e qaqisa liphetoho, litšebelisano tse nepahetseng, le litemoso tsa bohlokoa. Ho qala ka CUDA 13, sesebelisoa sa Toolkit ha se sa kenyelletsa mokhanni. Mokhanni oa NVIDIA o kentsoe ka thoko. ho tsoa leqepheng la bakhanni ba tsamaisanang.

Kenyelletso e khutsitseng le khetho ea likarolo

Haeba o hloka ho tsamaisa ka khutso, sesebelisoa se amohela mokhoa o fokolang oa sebopeho ka khetho ea -s mme e lumella khetha liphutheloana tse itseng ka mabitso ho ena le ho kenya tsohle. U ka boela ua thibela ho qala bocha ka othomathiki ka -n. Granularity ena e na le thuso bakeng sa ho hlophisa tikoloho ea moaho le ho fokotsa leoto la hau.

Har'a li-subpackage tse tloaelehileng u tla fumana lintho tse kang nvcc, cudart, cuBLAS, cuFFT, cuRAND, cuSOLVER, cuSPARSENsight Compute, Nsight Systems, Visual Studio integration, NVRTC, NVTX, NVJitLink, denglers, le lisebelisoa tse kang cuobjdump kapa nvdisasm. Haeba u il'o bokella le ho profil, khetha lisebelisoa tsa NsightHaeba u ntse u e tsamaisa feela, nako ea ho sebetsa e kanna ea lekana.

Ntša se kenyang 'me u hlahlobe litaba tse ka hare

Bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea lichelete kapa liphutheloana tsa khoebo, sesebelisoa se feletseng se ka ntšoa ka lisebelisoa tse tšehetsang LZMA tse kang 7-Zip kapa WinZip. U tla fumana sefate sa CUDAToolkit le li-module Lifaele tsa ho kopanya tsa Visual Studio li behiloe ka har'a lifoldara tse arohaneng. Lifaele tsa .dll le .nvi tse lifoldareng tseo ha se karolo ea litaba tse ka kengoang ka botsona.

Kenya CUDA ho Windows ka Conda

Haeba u khetha ho laola tikoloho ka Conda, NVIDIA e phatlalatsa liphutheloana ho anaconda.org/nvidia. Kemiso ea motheo ea Toolkit E etsoa ka taelo e le 'ngoe, `conda install`, 'me u ka boela ua lokisa liphetolelo tse fetileng ka ho kenya tag ea `release`, mohlala, ho notlela mofuta oa 11.3.1. tlose E otlolohile joalo feela.

Kenya CUDA ka pip (mabili)

NVIDIA e fana ka mabili a Python a tsepamisitseng maikutlo ho nako ea CUDA ea Windows. Li reretsoe haholo-holo sebelisa CUDA le Python 'me ha li kenyelletse lisebelisoa tse felletseng tsa ntlafatso. Taba ea pele, kenya nvidia-pyindex kahoo pip e tseba index ea NVIDIA NGC, 'me u netefatse hore u na le li-pip le li-setuptools tse ntlafalitsoeng ho qoba liphoso. Ebe u kenya metapackages seo u se hlokang, joalo ka nvidia-cuda-runtime-cu12 kapa nvidia-cublas-cu12.

Metapackages ena e shebile liphutheloana tse ikhethileng joalo ka nvidia-cublas-cu129, nvidia-cuda-nvrtc-cu129, nvidia-npp-cu129, le tse ling. Hopola hore tikoloho e laoloa ke pip.Haeba u batla ho sebelisa CUDA ka ntle ho virtualenv, u tla hloka ho fetola litsela tsa tsamaiso le mefuta-futa ho hokahanya ka nepo.

Netefatsa ho kenya Windows

Bula molaetsa oa taelo 'me u tsamaise nvcc -V ho netefatsa mofuta o kentsoeng. Kopanya lisampole tsa CUDA Khoasolla mehlala ho tsoa ho GitHub 'me u e kopanye le Visual Studio. Matha sesebelisoaQuery le bandwidthTest: haeba ho na le puisano e atlehileng le GPU, u tla bona sesebelisoa se bonoa mme ho feta litekong Ha ho liphoso. Haeba deviceQuery e sa fumane lisebelisoa, hlahloba mokhanni le hore GPU e bonahala tsamaisong.

WSL e nang le lebelo la CUDA

Windows 11 le liphetolelo tsa morao-rao tsa Windows 10 tšehetso e tsamaisang meralo ea ML e potlakileng ea CUDA le lisebelisoa ka har'a WSL, ho kenyeletsoa. PyTorch, TensorFlow le Docker U sebelisa NVIDIA Container Toolkit, qala ka ho kenya mokhanni ea lumelletsoeng ke CUDA ho WSL, ebe o nolofalletsa WSL le ho kenya kabo ea glibc joalo ka Ubuntu kapa Debian.

Etsa bonnete ba hore u na le kernel ea WSL e ntlafalitsoeng (bonyane 5.10.43.3). E hlahlobe le Sebelisa `wsl cat /proc/version` ho tsoa ho PowerShell. Ebe u latela tataiso ea mosebelisi ea CUDA ho WSL ho kenya lilaeborari le lijana ebe u qala ho tsamaisa Linux workflows ho Windows ntle le ho siea tikoloho ea hau.

Tlosa CUDA ho Windows

Kamora ho kenya CUDA ho Windows, na u batla ho khutlela mofuteng o fetileng? Liphutheloana tsohle tse nyane li ka khutlisoa. Tlosa ho Control Panel Ho Sebelisa Mananeo le Likarolo. Haeba o laola sephutheloana sa lithulusi ka Conda kapa pip, sebelisa mekhoa ea ho ntša mookameli e mong le e mong ho qoba ho siea masalla a sephutheloana.

Lintlha tse lumellanang le mofuta

CUDA 11.8 e ne e le tokollo e tsebahalang haholo ka lebaka la botsitso le tšehetso ea tikoloho. Litlhoko tse tloaelehileng Bakeng sa 11.8: GPU e nang le Compute Capability 3.0 kapa holimo, 64-bit, bonyane 8 GB ea RAM le bonyane 4 GB ea memori ea GPU. Ho Linux, e hokahane hantle le likhatiso tse kang Ubuntu 18.04/20.04, RHEL/CentOS 7/8, joalo-joalo.

CUDA 12.x e hlahisa lintlafatso tsa nako ea ho sebetsa le laeborari mme e sutumelletsa ho its'etleha ho bakhanni ba morao-raoCUDA 13 e arola ka ho sa feleng mokhanni ho sesebelisoa sa Toolkit: hopola ho kenya mokhanni ka boeena. Tlhakiso ea bohlokoaCUDA ke theknoloji ea NVIDIA 'me e hloka NVIDIA GPUs; haeba u bona kae kapa kae hore e lumellana le AMD GPUs, seo ha sea nepahala bakeng sa stack ea CUDA.

Ho kenya CUDA ho Windows: Ho rarolla mathata a tloaelehileng

• Sesebelisoa se hloleha kapa ha se qete mosebetsi.Lekola lits'oants'o tsa li-installer 'me u netefatse antivirus ea hau, sebaka sa disk, le tumello ea admin. Leka hape ka Full Installer haeba marang-rang a sa tsitsa, kapa ka mokhoa o khutsitseng haeba ho na le likhohlano tsa UI.
• deviceQuery ha e bone GPULekola hore na mokhanni o nepahetse, GPU e sebetsa, le hore sesebelisoa se sebelisa dGPU. Nchafatsa mokhanni 'me u kenye hape Toolkit ha ho hlokahala.
• Likhohlano le mabenkele a libukaHaeba u na le lisebelisoa tse ngata tse kentsoeng, netefatsa CUDA_PATH le PATH. Ho Python, hlahloba hore na liphetolelo tsa PyTorch kapa TensorFlow le litlhophiso tsa tsona li lumellana le mofuta oa hau oa CUDA / cuDNN.
• Visual Studio ha e bokelle .cuKenya CUDA Build Customizations morerong oa hau 'me u tšoaee lifaele tsa .cu e le CUDA C/C++. Netefatsa hore MSVC e tsamaisana le sephutheloana sa lisebelisoa tsa hau.

Lisebelisoa, mehlala le litokomane

Ntle le nvcc le lilaebrari, Toolkit ea ho kenya CUDA ho Windows e kenyelletsa lintlha le li-analyzers tse kang Nsight Systems le Nsight Compute, le litokomane tsa HTML / PDF bakeng sa puo ea CUDA C ++ le. mekhoa e metleMehlala ea semmuso e ho GitHub mme ke motheo o motle oa ho netefatsa bakhanni, ts'ebetso ea memori, le li-multiprocessors.

Nako ea ho sebelisa Conda kapa pip khahlano le sehokelo sa khale

Conda le pip li nepahetse ha tsepamiso ea hau e le ho tsamaisa meralo ea ML e seng e ntse e its'etleha ka har'a liphutheloana tse tsamaellanang le liphetolelo tse ikhethileng tsa CUDA. MolemoHo ikarola hoa tikoloho le likhohlano tse fokolang. Phoso: Bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea C++ ea matsoalloa kapa kopanyo e felletseng le VS, sesebelisoa sa khale sa Toolkit se fana. lisebelisoa tsohle le phihlelo e feletseng ka ho fetisisa.

FAQ e potlakileng

• Ke tseba joang haeba GPU ea ka e lumellana le CUDA? Bula Motsamaisi oa Sesebelisoa, e-ea ho Bontša li-adapter, 'me u hlahlobe mohlala; e bapise le lenane la semmuso la NVIDIA la CUDA GPUs. U ka boela ua matha nvidia-smi 'me u netefatse seo GPU ea hau ea hlaha.
• A na nka ikoetlisa ntle le CUDA? E, e tla sebetsa ho CPU, empa e tla lieha. Ho sebelisa GPU ka PyTorch kapa TensorFlow ho Windows, etsa bonnete ba hore oa kenya meaho e tsamaellanang ka mofuta oa hau oa CUDA kapa sebelisa WSL e nang le lijana tsa NVIDIA.
• Liphetolelo tse khethehileng tsa khaleLisebelisoa tse ling li hloka metsoako e kang CUDA 10.1 le cuDNN 7.6.4. Boemong bo joalo, kenya liphetolelo tseo hantle 'me u behe faele ea hoDNN DLL ka har'a foldara ea bin ea sesebelisoa se tsamaisanang, ho qoba ho ba le li-cuDNN tse ngata ka nako e le 'ngoe.

Haeba u batla ho kenya CUDA ho Windows le ho potlakisa mosebetsi oa hau ka tataiso e felletseng, mehato le likhothaletso tse kaholimo li tla u thusa ho etsa tsohle. E lekana joalo ka tlelafo. ho tloha mohahong oa pele.