Ke mokhoa ofe o lokelang ho sebelisoa ho hlophisa Snort?

Ke mokhoa ofe o lokelang ho sebelisoa ho lokisa Snort?

Tšireletseho ea litsamaiso tsa likhomphutha e ntse e le ea bohlokoa haholo tikolohong ea kajeno. Ho netefatsa ts'ireletso ea lits'ebetso tsa rona le data, ho bohlokoa ho ba le lisebelisoa le mahlale a re lumellang ho lemoha le ho thibela litšokelo. E 'ngoe ea litharollo tse sebelisoang haholo lefapheng la cybersecurity ke Snort, mokhoa o sebetsang hantle haholo, o bulehileng oa ho lemoha ho kenella ha mehloli. Ho lokisa Snort ka nepo ho bohlokoa hore o tsebe ho sebelisa bokhoni ba eona ka botlalo. Sehloohong sena, re tla hlahloba mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho lokisa Snort le ho etsa bonnete ba hore e lumellana ka botlalo le litlhoko tsa rona tsa ts'ireletso.

Ea pele, ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa likarolo le tšebetso ea Snort Sistimi ena e ipapisitse le ho bona mekhoa ea sephethephethe sa marang-rang ho tsebahatsa boitšoaro bo bobe kapa bo belaetsang. ⁣E sebelisa melao e boletsoeng esale pele le eo u ka e khethang ho bona le ho hlokomelisa ka ho kenella kapa mesebetsi e sa lumelloeng. Snort e hlophisitsoe hantle haholo 'me e ka ikamahanya le maemo a fapaneng, ea e etsa sesebelisoa se tenyetsehang le se matla haholo matsohong a litsebi tse nang le boiphihlelo.

Pele o qala tlhophiso,⁢ ho bohlokoa⁢ ho hlalosa ka ho hlaka maikemisetso a tšireletso ao re batlang ho a fihlela ka ⁢Snort. Sena se kenyelletsa ho tsebahatsa matlotlo a bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ao re lokelang ho a sireletsa, ⁢mefuta ea ⁤ ea litšokelo tseo re batlang ho li lemoha le mehato e lokelang ho etsoa haeba ho fumanoa hore ho na le tšitiso. Hape hoa hlokahala ho tseba tikoloho eo Snort e tla sebelisoa ho eona: topology ea marang-rang, lits'ebetso le lits'ebeletso tse sebetsang ho eona, le palo e lekantsoeng ea sephethephethe se tla hlahisoa. Lintlha tsena kaofela li tla re lumella ho etsa liqeto tse nepahetseng nakong ea tlhophiso.

El siguiente paso e kenyelletsa ho sekaseka le ho lokisa melao ea tlhahlobo ea Snort. Sistimi e tla le melaoana ea mantlha, empa hoa hlokahala ho e etsa ho latela litlhoko tsa rona. Sena se kenyelletsa⁤ ho tlosa melao e sa amaneng le tikoloho ea rona, ho lokisa maemo a ho lemoha, le ho theha melao e mecha ho lemoha litšokelo tse itseng. Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ho theha melao e sebetsang ho hloka tsebo e tsoetseng pele ea li-protocol tsa marang-rang le mekhoa ea ho kenella.

Ka melao ea ho lemoha e fetotsoe, Ke nako ea ho lokisa Snort ka boeona. Sena se kenyelletsa ho etsa litlhophiso⁤ joalo ka likou le liprothokholo tseo e tla li skena, lifaele tsa marang-rang moo litemoso li tla bolokoa, le likhetho tsa tsebiso, ebang ke ka li-imeile kapa ⁢mesebetsi ea taolo ea liketsahalo⁣ tshireletso. Ho feta moo, li-plugins le li-extensions tse ling li ka hlophisoa ho holisa bokhoni le phihlello ea Snort.

Qetellong, tlhophiso e nepahetseng ea Snort e bohlokoa ho netefatsa polokeho ea litsamaiso tsa rona tsa likhomphutha. Ka ho latela mokhoa o boletsoeng ka holimo, re ka sebelisa monyetla o felletseng oa ho lemoha litšokelo le bokhoni ba ho thibela sesebelisoa sena se matla sa cybersecurity. Ka ho lula re tseba melao le mekhoa ea morao-rao, le ho lula re ikamahanya le litlhoko tsa rona tsa Snort, re ka kholiseha hore re nka mehato e sebetsang ho sireletsa lisebelisoa tsa rona tsa bohlokoa le boitsebiso.

- Kenyelletso ea Snort le bohlokoa ba eona ts'ireletso ea marang-rang

Snort ke sesebelisoa se matla se bulehileng sa marang-rang sa ho lemoha (IDS) se bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ireletsong ea marang-rang. Bokhoni ba eona ba ho lemoha le ho beha leihlo ka nako ea sebele etsa hore Snort e be khetho e tsebahalang har'a balaoli ba marang-rang ⁢le ⁤ litsebi tsa ts'ireletso. Mehaho ea eona e thehiloeng melaong e u lumella ho tseba le ho lemosa ka ts'ebetso e mpe kapa e belaetsang, e thusang ho sireletsa thepa ea marang-rang le data e hlokolosi.

Ho lokisa Snort ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa katleho ea eona le ho ikamahanya le litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa ts'ireletso ea marang-rang a itseng. Ho na le mekhoa e fapaneng e ka re tataisang ts'ebetsong ena le ho netefatsa hore Snort e hlophisitsoe hantle. ⁤E meng ea mekhoa ena ⁤e kenyeletsa:

1. Tlhahlobo le tlhahlobo ea kotsi: Pele o qala ho lokisa Snort, ke habohlokoa ho etsa tlhahlobo e feletseng ea lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang le ho hlahloba likotsi tse amanang le litšokelo tse ka bang teng. Sena se tla re lumella ho tseba lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa marang-rang tse lokelang ho behoa leihlo le ho hlalosa melao le maano a ho lemoha a loketseng litlhoko tsa rona tsa tšireletso.

2.⁤ Khetho ea melao: ⁢ Snort e sebelisa melao ho bona liketso tse lonya marang-rang. Khetho e nepahetseng ea melao ena ke ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore ho na le ts'ebetso e nepahetseng le e sebetsang ea ho kenella. Ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka mehloli e tšepahalang ea melao le ho e boloka e nchafalitsoe ho sebetsana le mefuta e mecha ea litšokelo kapa bofokoli. Ho phaella moo, o ka iketsetsa le ho fetola melao e teng ho latela litlhoko tsa hau tsa ts'ireletso ea marang-rang.

3. Tlhophiso ea Sisteme⁤ le Ntlafatso ea Ts'ebetso: Ntle le ho khetha melao e nepahetseng, ho bohlokoa ho hlophisa mokhoa oa tšebetso le⁢ lisebelisoa tse ka tlase ho fumana tšebetso e ngata ho tsoa ho Snort. Sena se bolela optimizing the mehlodi ea sistimi, theha leano la ho boloka lintlha, le ho lokisa⁤ litlhokomeliso le ⁤ litsebiso. Tlhophiso e nepahetseng ea sistimi e tla netefatsa hore Snort e sebetsa ka katleho 'me ⁢e sebetsa hantle ho lemoha ho itšunya-tšunya hona joale.

Ka bokhutšoanyane, tlhophiso e nepahetseng ea Snort e bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore ho na le ts'ireletso e nepahetseng ea ho kenella. tšireletso ea marang-rang. Ka mokhoa o hlalositsoeng hantle, o kenyelletsang tlhahlobo le tlhahlobo ea kotsi, khetho ea melao e nepahetseng, le tlhophiso ea sistimi, re ka sebelisa monyetla o felletseng oa bokhoni ba sesebelisoa sena se matla sa ts'ireletso. Ho lula u ntse u tseba mekhoa ea morao-rao le bofokoli lefatšeng la ts'ireletso ea marang-rang ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa botšepehi le boinotši ba data ho marang-rang a morao-rao.

- Mekhoa ea mantlha ea tlhophiso bakeng sa Snort

Mokhoa oa 1: Melao ea Motheo ea Tlhophiso ea Faele:

Mokhoa oa pele ke ho lokisa Snort ka faele ea melao. Faele ena e na le melao eo lenaneo le tla e sebelisa ho bona litšokelo tse ka bang teng. Litlhophiso tsa mantlha li kenyelletsa⁤ ho hlalosa⁤ liheke, likhokahano tsa marang-rang, le li-directory tsa lifaele. Melao e tloaelehileng e ka boela ea beoa ho latela litlhoko tsa sistimi Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore melao e tlameha ho nchafatsoa khafetsa ho netefatsa hore Snort e khona ho bona litšokelo tsa morao-rao.

Método 2: Configuración ea litsebiso ka⁤ lengolo-tsoibila:

Mokhoa o mong oa mantlha oa tlhophiso bakeng sa Snort ke ho theha litemoso tsa lengolo-tsoibila. Litlhophiso tsena li u lumella ho fumana litemoso mabapi le ts'ebetso e belaetsang ⁤kapa litšokelo tse ka bang teng ka kotloloho atereseng ea lengolo-tsoibila le itseng. Ho bohlokoa ho hlalosa maemo a seva ea lengolo-tsoibila le tsoang, aterese ea lengolo-tsoibila ea moromeli le moamoheli, hammoho le maemo ao litsebiso li tla romelloa tlas'a ona. ⁢Ka ho theha litemoso tsa lengolo-tsoibila, batsamaisi ba ka lula ba tsebisitsoe ka ts'ebetso efe kapa efe e belaetsang. inthaneteng le ho arabela ka nako e loketseng.

Mokhoa oa 3: Ho Hlophisa Snort joalo ka Sistimi ea Tekolo ea Ts'ebetso ea Marang-rang (IDS):

Mokhoa oa boraro o kenyelletsa ho hlophisa Snort joalo ka Network Intrusion Detection System (IDS). Sena se bolela hore Snort e tla beha leihlo le ho sekaseka sephethephethe sa marang-rang bakeng sa mesebetsi e belaetsang kapa litlhaselo tse ka bang teng. Ho e hlophisa joalo ka IDS, hoa hlokahala ho hlalosa ⁤melao⁤ le maano a IDS, hammoho le mehato e lokelang ho nkuoa ha ts'okelo e fumanoa, joalo ka ho rema lifate faeleng ea log kapa ho thibela sephethephethe se kotsi. . Litlhophiso joalo ka ‍IDS li lumella ho lemoha kapele le karabelo e potlakileng ho litlhaselo tsa marang-rang tse ka bang teng.

- Ho khetha meralo e nepahetseng bakeng sa Snort

Ho khetha moralo o nepahetseng bakeng sa Snort:

Khetho e nepahetseng ea meralo ea Snort e bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso le ts'ebetso ea eona e nepahetseng. ⁢Ha Snort e ntse e tsoela pele,⁤ meaho e fapaneng e ntlafalitsoe ho lekana litlhoko tsa motho ka mong⁢ tikoloho ka 'ngoe. E 'ngoe ea likhetho tse tloaelehileng haholo ke mohaho o le mong oa lisebelisoa, moo Snort e mathang ka mochine o inehetseng 'me sephethephethe sohle se lebisitsoe ho sona bakeng sa tlhahlobo. Mohaho o mong o tsebahalang ke lisebelisoa tse ngata, moo li-sensor tse ngata tsa Snort li ajoang marang-rang ho hapa le ho sekaseka sephethephethe ka nako ea nnete.

Pele u khetha mohaho, ho bohlokoa ho nahana ka lintlha tse kang bophahamo ba sephethephethe, lisebelisoa tse teng, le merero e khethehileng ea tšireletso. Haeba sephethephethe sa marang-rang se phahame, ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore u sebelise a lisebelisoa tse ngata ho aba moroalo le ho netefatsa tshebetso e ntlafetseng. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba lisebelisoa li fokola, mohaho o le mong oa mochine o ka ba o lekaneng.

Ho feta moo, ho bohlokoa ho nahana⁤ hore na u batla ho etsa tlhahlobo ea mofuta ofe ka Snort. Moaho o khethiloeng o tlameha ho khona ho fihlela litlhoko tsena, ebang ke tlhahlobo e thehiloeng ho tekeno, boitšoaro, kapa tlhahlobo e ipapisitseng le liphoso. Ka mohlala, haeba u batla tlhahlobo ea nako ea sebele le karabelo e potlakileng ea litšokelo, moralo oa lisebelisoa tse ngata e ka ba khetho e nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba u batla ts'ebetsong e bonolo le e fokolang haholo ea lisebelisoa, mohaho oa sesebelisoa se le seng o ka ba o loketseng haholoanyane.

- Tlhophiso e tsoetseng pele ea melao le li-signature ho Snort

Ho lokisa Snort ka nepo le ho sebelisa monyetla o felletseng oa bokhoni ba eona ba ho lemoha ho kenella, ho bohlokoa ho sebelisa mokhoa o nepahetseng. Tloaelo e ntle ke ho latela mokhoa o thehiloeng ho melao le ho saena. Mokhoa ona o kenyelletsa ho hlalosa letoto la melao le mesaeno ea moetlo e lumellanang le litlhoko tse ikhethileng tsa tikoloho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea marang-rang.

Pele ho tsohle, ho bohlokoa ho itloaetsa ⁢sebopeho sa melao ea ⁤Snort. Molao o mong le o mong o na le likarolo tse 'maloa, ⁢joalo ka sehlooho, ⁢khetho, le likahare⁢ likhetho. Ho khothalletsoa ho sebelisa tlhahlobo ea pakete le mokhoa oa ho arola ho theha melao e nepahetseng haholoanyane. Sena se kenyelletsa ho hlahloba liphutheloana tsa ⁤network‌ tse hapiloeng le ho sekaseka litaba tsa tsona ho fumana mekhoa e ikhethileng⁢ ea sephethephethe se kotsi kapa se sa batleheng.

Ho feta moo, ho bohlokoa ho boloka melao le li-signature tsa Snort li ntse li le teng. ⁣ Ho eletsoa ho ingolisa ho mehloli e tšepahalang bakeng sa melao ea morao-rao ea ts'ireletso le li-signature. Lintlafatso tsena ⁤ li u fa monyetla oa ho lula u tseba litšokelo tsa morao-rao ⁤le bofokoli, kahoo u ka ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho lemoha ba⁤Snort. Ho feta moo, ⁤melao le ⁢masaeno a ka etsoa molemong oa ho ntlafatsa litlhoko tsa ts'ireletso tsa marang-rang a itseng.

- Ts'ebeliso ea li-preprocessors⁤ le li-plugins ho Snort

Snort ke sesebelisoa se matla sa ho lemoha ho kenella ha marang-rang e sebelisoang haholo tikolohong ea ts'ireletso ea khomphutha⁢. Ho lokisa Snort hantle, ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa le ho sebelisa mekhoa e fapaneng, joalo ka ts'ebeliso ea li-preprocessor le li-plugins. Likarolo tsena tse ling li u fa monyetla oa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea Snort ka ho sekaseka le ho lemoha liketso tse lonya marang-rang.

Li-preprocessors Ke li-module tsa Snort tse ikarabellang bakeng sa ho etsa mesebetsi e itseng pele lipakete tsa marang-rang li hlahlojoa ke melao. Li-preprocessors tsena li thusa Snort ho sebetsana le liprothokholo tse rarahaneng, joalo ka HTTP, SMTP, kapa FTP, le ho etsa mesebetsi e joalo ka ho arola liphutheloana, ho bona hore na port scanning, kapa ho notlolla kapa ho hlakola litaba. Ha u sebelisa li-preprocessors, hoa hlokahala ho li hlophisa ka nepo le ho ela hloko bokhoni le mefokolo ea e 'ngoe le e' ngoe.

Los plugins Ke mananeo a tlatsetso a ka eketsoang ho Snort ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ona. Li-plugins tsena li eketsa likarolo tsa tloaelo 'me li holisa bokhoni ba ho lemoha ba sesebelisoa. Mehlala e meng ea li-plugins tse tsebahalang ke li-plugins ho bona litlhaselo tse ikhethileng, joalo ka Shellshock kapa Heartbleed, kapa ho sekaseka sephethephethe se patiloeng. Ha u sebelisa li-plugins, ho bohlokoa ho etsa bonnete ba hore li nakong ebile li lumellana le mofuta oa Snort o sebelisitsoeng.

Tšebeliso ea li-preprocessors le li-plugins ho Snort e bohlokoa ho eketsa katleho ea sesebelisoa sena ho lemoha ho kena ha marang-rang. Ho itšetleha feela ka melao e boletsoeng esale pele ha hoa lekana, haholo-holo ha ho nahanoa ka phetoho e sa khaotseng ea mekhoa le maqheka a bahlaseli. Ka ho sebelisa li-preprocessor le li-plugins, o ka ntlafatsa bokhoni ba tlhahlobo ea Snort mme oa bo fetola ho latela litlhoko tse ikhethileng tsa tikoloho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea marang-rang. Leha ho le joalo, ke habohlokoa ho hopola hore tlhophiso e nepahetseng le tlhokomelo ea lisebelisoa tsena tse eketsehileng ke tsa bohlokoa ho etsa bonnete ba hore liphetho tse nepahetseng.

- Menahano ea ts'ebetso le ntlafatso⁤ ho tlhophiso ea Snort

Ho finyella a⁢ rendimiento óptimo le tlhophiso e sebetsang ea Snort, ho na le lintlha tsa bohlokoa tseo u lokelang ho li hopola. Pele ho tsohle, ke ea bohlokoa optimizar las reglas e sebelisoa ke Snort⁢ ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea eona ho lisebelisoa tsa sistimi. Sena⁢ se kenyelletsa khetho e hlokolosi le ⁤peakanyo ea melao ho netefatsa hore ke mesebetsi e amehang feela e beoang leihlo le ho qoba liphoso tse fosahetseng.

Ntlha e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ke ntlafatsa tlhophiso ea buffer ho tloha ho Snort ho netefatsa taolo e nepahetseng ea lipakete tsa marang-rang. Sena se kenyelletsa ho lokisa boholo ba buffer le palo e kholo ea lipakete tse ka behoang moleng, e le hore Snort e ka li sebetsa hantle ntle le ho tlatsa sistimi.

Además, se deben nahana ka bokhoni ba hardware le mefokolo ⁤eo Snort e tla matha ho eona⁢. Sena se kenyelletsa ho lekola ts'ebetso e fumanehang ea processor, memori le polokelo ho netefatsa hore li lekane bakeng sa bongata ba sephethephethe sa marang-rang seo Snort e tla hloka ho sebetsana le sona. Haeba ho hlokahala, ntlafatso ea hardware e ka etsoa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea Snort.

- Ts'ebetsong e sebetsang hantle le maano a taolo bakeng sa Snort

Ho na le tse 'maloa ⁢ ho kenya ts'ebetsong le maano a tsamaiso e ka sebelisoang ho hlophisa le ho sebelisa Snort ka katleho. A mang a maano ana a hlahisoa ka tlase:

Leano le thehiloeng ho signature: Leano lena le na le ⁢ho theha le ho sebelisa melaoana ea ho saena e tloaelehileng ka Snort. Melao ena e u lumella ho lemoha mekhoa e itseng ho sephethephethe sa marang-rang le ho hlahisa litlhokomeliso ha mokhoa o ts'oanang o fumanoa. Senotlolo sa ho phethahatsa leano lena ka katleho ke ho ba le a polokelongtshedimosetso e ntlafalitsoeng ya signature le katoloso ea kamehla.

Leano la ho hokahanya ketsahalo: Leano lena le kenyeletsa sekaseka le ho amahanya Liketsahalo tse hlahisoang ke ⁣ Snort ho tseba mekhoa e rarahaneng ea tlhaselo. Ho kenya ts'ebetsong leano lena, hoa hlokahala ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo ea log le liketsahalo, tse kang ELK Stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash, le⁢ Kibana), ho pono le sehlopha diketsahalo tse amanang le ho fumana pono e hlakileng haholoanyane ea litlhaselo tse ka bang teng.

Leano la ho ntlafatsa khafetsa: Ho boloka Snort e sirelelitsoeng le e sebetsang hantle, hoa hlokahala ho etsa liapdeite khafetsa ho software le li-database tsa signature. Sena se etsa bonnete ba hore Snort e ntse e le tsa morao-rao matshosetsi a macha le bofokodi ⁢e hlaha. Ho feta moo, e bohlokoa⁢ kenya tšebetsong sistimi ea tsebiso ea ntlafatso ea othomathike, ho lula u tseba lintlafatso tsa morao-rao le litokiso tse teng.

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