Cómo Funciona un Auto Eléctrico

Likoloi tsa motlakase li fetohile e 'ngoe ea likhetho tse ratoang ka ho fetisisa le tse tsitsitseng 'marakeng indasteri ea hajoale ea likoloi ka lebaka la ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho fokotseng tlhahiso ea khase e silafatsang. Likoloi tsena li sebetsa ka mokhoa o fapaneng oa ho khanna ho feta likoloi tse tloaelehileng tse tukang ka hare, e li lumellang ho fana ka boiphihlelo bo ikhethang le bo sebetsang ba ho khanna. Ka pampiri ena e tšoeu, re tla hlahloba ka ho qaqileng hore na koloi ea motlakase e sebetsa joang, ho tloha tsamaisong ea eona ea ho tjhaja ho ea ho koloi ea eona le hore na e sebelisana joang le mokhanni ho fana ka ts'ebetso e ikhethang ha e ntse e fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho. Haeba u chesehela theknoloji 'me u batla ho utloisisa ka botebo hore na likoloi tsena tsa nako e tlang li sebetsa joang, tsoela pele ho bala ho fumana liphiri tsohle tsa likoloi tsa motlakase.

1. Kenyelletso ea likoloi tsa motlakase: Tsela eo koloi ea motlakase e sebetsang ka eona

Likoloi tsa motlakase li fetohile khetho e ntseng e eketseha e le mokhoa o mong oa likoloi tse tloaelehileng tse tukang ka hare. Koloi ea motlakase e matha e sebelisa enjene ea motlakase ho fapana le enjene e tukang e ka hare. Enjene ena ea motlakase e hula matla betereng e nchafatsoang ho fapana le ho sebelisa peterole kapa diesel. Ts'ebetso ea koloi ea motlakase e itšetlehile ka phetoho ea matla a motlakase ho matla a mochine, e leng se lumellang hore se tsamaee ntle le ho hlahisa mesi e silafatsang.

E 'ngoe ea phapang e kholo pakeng tsa koloi ea motlakase le koloi e tukang ka hare ke tsela eo ba fumanang matla a ho tsamaea ka eona. Ho e-na le ho hloka libeso tsa khale, koloi ea motlakase e sebelisa libeteri tse ka nchafatsoang hape. Libetri tsena li boloka matla a motlakase a hlokahalang ho matlafatsa enjene. Ho nchafatsa libeteri, ho ka sebelisoa sesebelisoa sa ntlo kapa liteishene tse khethehileng tsa ho tjhaja. Likoloi tse ling tsa motlakase li ka boela tsa sebelisa matla a kinetic a hlahisoang nakong ea braking le ho a fetola motlakase ho tsosolosa libeteri, ka mokhoa o tsejoang e le ho tsosolosa mariki.

Enjene ea motlakase ea koloi ea motlakase e na le boikarabello ba ho fetola matla a motlakase a bolokiloeng ka har'a betri hore e be matla a mochini ho tsamaisa koloi. Ho fapana le enjene e tukang ka hare, ha ho ho phatloha kapa ho tuka ha mafura. Ho e-na le hoo, enjene ea motlakase e sebelisa limakenete le matla a khoheli ho theha motsamao o potolohang. Motsamao ona o fetisetsoa mabiling a koloi ka mokhoa oa ho tsamaisa, o o lumella ho tsamaea hantle. Ho feta moo, lienjineri tsa motlakase li sebetsa hantle haholo 'me li hloka tlhokomelo e nyane ho feta lienjineri tse tukang ka hare, e leng se bakang litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa beng ba likoloi tsa motlakase.

2. Likarolo tsa bohlokoa: Motlakase oa motlakase likoloing tsa motlakase

Likoloi tsa motlakase li sebelisa enjene ea motlakase e le mohloli oa tsona oa mantlha oa matla. Karolo ena ke ea bohlokoa, kaha e na le boikarabelo ba ho fetola matla a motlakase a bolokiloeng ka har'a betri hore e be matla a mochine, a lumellang koloi ho tsamaea.

Motlakase oa motlakase likoloing tsa motlakase o entsoe ka likarolo tse 'maloa leseli. E 'ngoe ea tsona ke stator, e nang le likhoele tsa terata ea koporo tse hlophisitsoeng ka mokhoa oa mehele ho pota-potiloe ke motlakase. Likhoele tsena li hlahisa matla a khoheli ha matla a motlakase a fihla ho tsona, a kopanang le karolo e ’ngoe e bitsoang rotor.

Rotor, bakeng sa karolo ea eona, e entsoe ka limakete tse sa feleng kapa likhoele tsa terata ea koporo. Ha stator e hlahisa matla a khoheli, rotor e tšeloa ke mela ea matla 'me e qala ho potoloha. Tsamaiso ena ke eona e qetellang e matlafatsa koloi. Ntle le likarolo tsena, motlakase oa motlakase o boetse o kenyelletsa likarolo tse ling tse kang molaoli, o laolang palo ea motlakase o kenang motlakase, le li-sensor, tse shebellang lebelo le boemo ba rotor ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng. Ka kakaretso, enjene ea motlakase ke karolo ea bohlokoa likoloing tsa motlakase, e ikarabellang bakeng sa ho fetola matla a motlakase hore e be matla a mochini ho tsamaisa koloi. E entsoe ka stator, rotor, molaoli le li-sensor, har'a tse ling. Ka ho utloisisa hore na li sebetsa joang, re ka utloisisa hore na likoloi tsa motlakase li fapana joang le likoloi tsa setso tse tsamaisoang ke lienjineri tse tukang ka hare.

3. Karolo ea libeteri ts'ebetsong ea koloi ea motlakase

Libetri li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea koloi ea motlakase. Likoloi tsena li itšetlehile ka ho feletseng ka libeteri tsa tsona ho boloka le ho fana ka matla a motlakase ho enjene. Betri ea boleng bo holimo le ea boleng bo holimo e bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng le boipuso bo lekaneng.

Taba ea pele, libeteri li fana ka matla a hlokahalang ho matlafatsa enjene ea motlakase ea koloi. Libetri tsena, hangata ke lithium-ion, li boloka motlakase e sebelisoang ho tsamaisa koloi. Ntho ea bohlokoa eo u ka e nahanang ha u khetha betri e loketseng ke matla a eona, a khethollang boholo ba matla ao e ka a bolokang. Ha betri e na le matla a mangata, ho na le mefuta e mengata ea koloi.

Ho feta moo, libeteri li boetse li na le boikarabello ba ho matlafatsa likarolo tse ling tsa motlakase tsa koloi, joalo ka sistimi ea mabone, moea o futhumatsang moea, le litsamaiso tsa boithabiso. Likaroloana tsena li itšetlehile ka matla a bolokiloeng ka har'a betri hore e sebetse hantle. Ke habohlokoa ho etsa bonnete ba hore betri e na le bokhoni bo lekaneng ba ho finyella litlhoko tsa likarolo tsena tse eketsehileng, ntle le ho ama mefuta e mengata ea koloi hampe.

Ka kakaretso, libeteri li bohlokoa mosebetsing oa koloi ea motlakase, kaha li fana ka matla a hlokahalang ho matlafatsa enjene le likarolo tse ling tsa motlakase. Ho bohlokoa ho khetha betri ea boleng bo holimo e nang le matla a lekaneng ho netefatsa hore koloi e sebetsa hantle le sebaka se lekaneng. Pele o reka koloi ea motlakase, ho bohlokoa ho etsa lipatlisiso le ho nahana ka lintlha tsa betri ho fihlela litlhoko tsa motho ka mong le ho netefatsa boiphihlelo bo khotsofatsang ba ho khanna.

4. Mokhoa oa ho tjhaja: Koloi ea motlakase e tsamaisoa joang

Sisteme ea ho tjhaja ke e 'ngoe ea likarolo tsa bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea koloi ea motlakase. E u lumella ho fana ka betri ea koloi ka matla a motlakase hore u e sebelise hamorao ha u le leetong. Sehloohong sena, re tla hlalosa kamoo koloi ea motlakase e tsamaisoang kateng le ts'ebetso ea motheo ea tsamaiso ea eona ea ho tjhaja.

Ho lefisa koloi ea motlakase, hoa hlokahala ho ba le seteishene sa ho tjhaja kapa tjhaja e nkehang. Lisebelisoa tsena li hokela koloing ka thapo, e hokelang soketeng ea ho tjhaja koloi. Hang ha e se e hokahane, mokhoa oa ho fana ka matla a motlakase oa qala.

Lebelo la ho tjhaja le ka fapana ho ya ka mofuta wa tjhaja e sebedisitsweng. Hangata likoloi tsa motlakase li na le mefuta e 'meli ea lisebelisoa: ho tjhaja butle le ho tjhaja kapele. Hangata li-charger tse butle li fumaneha malapeng kapa libakeng tsa mosebetsi, ha li-charger tse potlakileng li fumaneha liteisheneng tsa sechaba. Habohlokoa, likoloi tsa motlakase li ka boela tsa nka monyetla ka matla a ho tsosolosa, a hlahisoang nakong ea ho theoha kapa ho qhoqhoa, 'me a bolokoa ka har'a betri hore e sebelisoe hamorao.

5. Balaoli le li-converter: Lisebelisoa tsa elektronike ka mor'a koloi ea motlakase

Electronics e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea likoloi tsa motlakase, 'me e' ngoe ea lintlha tsa bohlokoa ke balaoli le li-converter. Lisebelisoa tsena li na le boikarabello ba ho laola matla a bolokiloeng ka har'a libeteri le ho a fetola matla a sebelisoang ho matlafatsa motlakase oa motlakase.

Molaoli ke boko ba tsamaiso ea motlakase ea koloi, kaha e na le boikarabelo ba ho laola lebelo le torque ea motlakase oa motlakase. E boetse e laola ho tjhaja le ho ntsha dibetri, hammoho le phallo ya matla ho ya dikarolong tse ding tsa motlakase koloing. Ho etsa sena, e sebelisa li-sensor le li-algorithms tse netefatsang ts'ebetso e nepahetseng le e sebetsang hantle.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, li-converter li na le mosebetsi oa ho fetola motlakase o tobileng oa libeteri ho fetoha hona joale, e leng mofuta oa matla a sebelisoang ke motlakase oa motlakase. Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea li-converter, joalo ka li-converter tsa DC-DC, tse phahamisang kapa ho theola motlakase oa libeteri ho latela litlhoko tsa sistimi, le li-converter tsa DC-AC, tse fetolang motlakase o otlolohileng ho ba alternating current. Lisebelisoa tsena li bohlokoa ho netefatsa phepelo ea motlakase e sa feleng le e sebetsang hantle likoloing tsa motlakase.

6. Ho tsosolosoa ha matla: Matla a fumanoa joang ka koloing ea motlakase

Ho nchafatsa matla ke ts'ebetso ea mantlha ea likoloi tsa motlakase, kaha e lumella matla a lahlehang nakong ea ho theoha le ho ts'oaroa ha koloi hore a boele a sebelisoe. Ka sistimi ena, matla a kinetic a fetoloa matla a motlakase a ka bolokoang ka har'a betri ebe hamorao a sebelisoa ho matlafatsa enjene.

Ts'ebetso ea ho nchafatsa matla e etsoa haholo-holo ke sistimi e nchafatsang ea braking. Ho hatella brake pedal, ho e-na le ho kenya mariki a tloaelehileng, ho kenya mochine o tšoarang matla a koloi ebe o a fetola matla a motlakase. Matla ana a fetisetsoa betring, moo a bolokoang hore a sebelisoe hamorao.

Ho phaella ho regenerative braking, ho na le mekhoa e meng ea ho tsosolosa matla ka likoloi tsa motlakase. E 'ngoe ea tsona ke ho tsosolosoa ha matla nakong ea ho fokotseha. Ha mokhanni a tlosa leoto la hae ho accelerator, motlakase oa motlakase o fetoha jenereithara, e hapang matla a koloi a kinetic le ho a fetola matla a motlakase. Matla ana a ka sebelisoa ho matlafatsa litsamaiso tse ling tsa koloi kapa ho nchafatsa betri, kahoo ho eketsa matla a koloi a koloi.

7. Karolo ea tsamaiso ea tsamaiso ea matla likoloing tsa motlakase

e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fihlela ts'ebetso e nepahetseng le bokgoni bo boholo matla. Mekhoa ena e na le boikarabelo ba ho laola le ho laola boholo ba matla a bolokiloeng ka har'a libeteri, hammoho le ho ajoa le ho sebelisoa ha eona ha u ntse u khanna.

E 'ngoe ea lintlha tsa bohlokoahali tsa lits'ebetso tsa taolo ea matla likoloing tsa motlakase ke ho ntlafatsa le ho tjhaja betri. Ka lebaka la li-algorithms tse rarahaneng, litsamaiso tsena li khona ho laola phallo ea matla ka katleho, e netefatsang ho tjhaja ka potlako le ka mokhoa o bolokehileng, hammoho le ho tsoa butle-butle le kamehla ho eketsa boikemelo ba koloi.

Ntlha e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ke tsamaiso ea matla a tsosolosang. Likoloi tsa motlakase li ka khutlisa a mang a matla a kinetic a hlahisoang nakong ea braking le deceleration, ho e fetola motlakase le ho e boloka ka libeteri. Litsamaiso tsa taolo ea matla li lumella ts'ebetso ena ho ntlafatsoa, ​​ho netefatsa hore matla a tsosolositsoeng a bolokoa hantle. tsela e sebetsang hantle 'me e sebelisoa ka katleho, kahoo ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla ea betri e kholo le ho eketsa mefuta e mengata ea koloi.

8. Matla a motlakase oa motlakase a fetisetsoa joang ho mabili

Phetiso ea matla ho tloha koloing ea motlakase ho ea ho mabili ke ts'ebetso ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea likoloi tsa motlakase. Ka litsamaiso tse fapaneng phetiso, matla a hlahisoang ke enjene a fetisetsoa mabiling, a lumella koloi hore e tsamaee. Sengoliloeng sena se tla qaqisa hore na ts'ebetso ena e etsoa joang e le hore u ka utloisisa hamolemo hore na li-motors tsa motlakase li sebetsa joang likoloing.

Ho na le mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho fetisetsa matla ho tloha koloing ea motlakase ho ea ho mabili, e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa ke mokhoa o tobileng oa ho fetisetsa matla le mochine oa motlakase le oa gear. Tsamaisong e tobileng ea ho khanna, matla a hlahisoang ke motlakase oa motlakase a fetisoa ntle le tlhokahalo ea likarolo tse ling tse eketsehileng, ho etsa hore e be mokhoa o sebetsang hantle le o bonolo. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, tsamaisong ea "shaft" le "gear transmission" ho sebelisoa likaroloana tse kang likere le liketane ho fetisetsa matla ho tloha enjeneng ho ea mabiling.

Karolo ea bohlokoa ea ho fetisetsa matla ho tloha koloing ea motlakase ho ea mabiling ke taolo ea elektronike. Ka tsamaiso ea tsamaiso ea elektronike, boholo ba matla a fetisetsoang mabiling bo lokisoa, ho lumella lebelo le torque ea koloi hore e laoloe. Ho feta moo, li-sensor tse fapaneng li sebelisoa ho lekola lebelo la mabili le ho thella ho laola, ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le polokeho ea sistimi ea phetisetso.

9. Tšireletseho mekhoeng ea motlakase ea likoloi tsa motlakase

E bohlokoa haholo ka lebaka la khatello e phahameng le ho rarahana ha litsamaiso tsena. Ho netefatsa polokeho ea bakhanni le bapalami, hammoho le ho thibela likotsi tse ka bang teng kapa tšenyo ea koloi, ho hlokahala ho latela letoto la mehato le litemoso.

E 'ngoe ea likhothaletso tsa mantlha ke ho ba le basebetsi ba koetlisitsoeng ho etsa mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa ho lokisa, ho hlokomela kapa ho qhekella litsamaiso tsa motlakase tsa koloi. Sena se kenyelletsa ho tseba le ho latela litekanyetso tsa polokeho tse thehiloeng ke bahlahisi, kaha koloi ka 'ngoe e ka ba le litšobotsi tse itseng.

Ke habohlokoa ho sebelisa lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tse khethehileng ha u sebetsa le lisebelisoa tsa motlakase oa koloi ea motlakase. Likarolo tsena li ka ba tlas'a maqhubu a phahameng, kahoo ho bohlokoa ho sebelisa liatlana tse sirelelitsoeng, likhalase tse sireletsang le lisebelisoa tse etselitsoeng ho sebetsa maemong ana. Ho phaella moo, ho kgothaletswa ho boloka sebaka sa mosebetsi limpia y ordenada ho qoba dikotsi kapa tshenyo ya dikarolo.

10. Melemo le mefokolo ea likoloi tsa motlakase: E ama ts'ebetso ea tsona joang?

Likoloi tsa motlakase li fana ka tse 'maloa melemo le mathata bapisoa le likoloi tse tukang ka hare. O mong oa melemo e hlahelletseng ke ho fokotsa ho tsoa ha khase e silafatsang, e leng se tlatsetsang ho baballeheng ha moea. tikoloho. Ho phaella moo, likoloi tsa motlakase li tsamaea li khutsitse 'me li theko e tlaase ho li boloka ka lebaka la likarolo tse fokolang tse tsamaeang. Molemo o mong oa bohlokoa ke ho boloka mafura, kaha likoloi tsa motlakase li sebelisa matla a motlakase ho e-na le peterole kapa diesel.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, e 'ngoe ea mathata a ka sehloohong a likoloi tsa motlakase ke boikemelo ba bona bo fokolang. Le hoja libeteri tsa likoloi tsa motlakase li ntlafetse haholo lilemong tsa morao tjena, li ntse li sitoa ho bapisoa le matla a litanka tsa peterole likoloing tse tukang ka hare. Sena se bolela hore bakhanni ba likoloi tsa motlakase ba tlameha ho rera maeto a bona ka hloko le ho sheba liteishene tsa ho tjhaja haeba betri e ka fela.

Bothata bo bong bo boholo ke nako ea ho tjhaja betri ea koloi ea motlakase. Leha ho tlatsa tanka ea khase ho nka metsotso e seng mekae feela, ho tjhaja betri ka botlalo ho ka nka lihora tse 'maloa, ho latela mofuta oa tjhaja e sebelisitsoeng. Leha ho na le likhetho tsa ho tjhaja ka potlako, liteishene tsena ha li tloaelehe ebile li bitsa chelete e ngata.

11. Tšusumetso ea tikoloho ea likoloi tsa motlakase le kamoo theknoloji ea bona e tala e sebetsang kateng

Likoloi tsa motlakase li fumane botumo lilemong tsa morao tjena ka lebaka la bokhoni ba tsona ba ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho. Theknoloji e tala e li khannang e thehiloe tšebelisong ea libeteri tse nchafatsoang ho e-na le libeso tsa mesaletsa ea khale, e leng se tlatsetsang ho fokotseng khase e silafatsang le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba moea.

Ntlha ea pele, karolo e hlokomelehang ka ho fetisisa ea likoloi tsa motlakase ke tsamaiso ea tsona ea motlakase. Ho e-na le enjene e tukang ka hare, likoloi tsena li tsamaisoa ke matla a motlakase a bolokiloeng ka libeteri tse ka nchafatsoang. Theknoloji ena e lumella likoloi tsa motlakase ho sebetsa ntle le ho tsoa ka ho toba, ho bolelang hore ha li kenye letsoho tšilafalong ea moea le phetohong ea boemo ba leholimo.

Ntlha e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ke matla a matla a likoloi tsa motlakase. Ka lebaka la moralo oa tsona le mokhoa oa ho khutlisa matla, likoloi tsena li ka sebelisa monyetla oa matla ao ka tloaelo a neng a ka lahleha nakong ea ho palama mariki. Ho phaella moo, matla a tsoang mehloling e tsosolositsoeng e atisa ho sebelisoa ho tsosolosa libeteri tsa likoloi tsa motlakase, e leng ho fokotsang ho feta ha carbon footprint le phello ea tikoloho.

12. Bokamoso ba ho tsamaea ha motlakase: Maikutlo le tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji

Ho tsamaea ha motlakase ho fumanehile lilemong tsa morao tjena, 'me bokamoso ba eona bo bonahala bo tšepisa. Ka ho ameha ho ntseng ho eketseha ka phetoho ea boemo ba leholimo le tlhokahalo ea ho fokotsa mocheso oa likhase tse futhumatsang lefatše, likoloi tsa motlakase li hlahisoa e le tharollo e tsitsitseng le e sebetsang lefapheng la lipalangoang. Ka kutloisiso ena, tsoelo-pele ea thekenoloji e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho nts'etsopele le tsoelo-pele ea indasteri ena.

E 'ngoe ea tsoelo-pele e kholo ea theknoloji ea ho tsamaea ha motlakase ke ntlafatso ea libeteri. Lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele lefapheng lena li entse hore ho khonehe ho eketsa matla a ho boloka matla a libeteri, tse fetolelang likoloi tsa motlakase tse nang le boikemelo le bokhoni bo boholo. Ho feta moo, ho kentsoe mekhoa e mecha ea ho tjhaja ka potlako, e leng ho fokotsang haholo nako ea ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase. Likhatelo-pele tsena ke tsa bohlokoa ho tloseng litšitiso tsa ho amoheloa ha likoloi tsa motlakase le ho khothaletsa katoloso ea tsona 'marakeng.

Ntlha e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ke nts'etsopele ea meaho ea motheo ea ho tjhaja. Ho khothaletsa motsamao oa motlakase, ho bohlokoa ho ba le marang-rang a libaka tse fihlellehang le tse sebetsang hantle tsa ho tjhaja. Tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji e lumeletse hore ho kenngoe liteishene tsa ho tjhaja ka potlako libakeng tse nepahetseng, joalo ka libaka tsa ho paka makoloi, litsi tsa mabenkele le liteishene tsa litšebeletso, kahoo ho nolofaletsa ho tjhaja likoloi tsa motlakase kae kapa kae. Ho feta moo, ho entsoe litsamaiso tse bohlale tsa taolo ea ho tjhaja, tse ntlafatsang tšebeliso ea matla le ho qoba ho jara. inthaneteng motlakase. Likhatelo-pele tsena li bohlokoa ho netefatsa boiketlo le ts'ebetso ea ho tsamaea ha motlakase nakong e tlang.

13. Litšenyehelo le tlhokomelo ea koloi ea motlakase: Li bapisoa joang le likoloi tse tloaelehileng?

Litšenyehelo le tlhokomelo ea likoloi tsa motlakase ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tse lokelang ho nahanoa ha li bapisoa le likoloi tse tloaelehileng. Le hoja likoloi tsa motlakase li ka 'na tsa e-ba le litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa theko, ka nako e telele, li atisa ho ba theko e tlaase ho latela litšenyehelo tsa tlhokomelo le tšebeliso ea matla.

Likoloi tsa motlakase li hloka tlhokomelo e fokolang ha li bapisoa le likoloi tse tloaelehileng, kaha li na le likarolo tse fokolang tse tsamaeang 'me ha li na likarolo tse kang mochine o tukang o ka hare, tsamaiso ea ho tima le li-filters. Sena se bolela hore litšenyehelo tsa ho fetola oli, li-filters tsa moea le li-spark plug li fokotsehile. Ho feta moo, bahlahisi ba bangata ba fana ka liwaranti tse atolositsoeng bakeng sa betri le sistimi ea motlakase, ho fa mong'a eona khotso ea kelello.

Mabapi le tšebeliso ea matla, likoloi tsa motlakase li fana ka katleho e kholo ha li bapisoa le likoloi tse tloaelehileng. Ka lebaka la tsamaiso ea bona ea motlakase, likoloi tsa motlakase li ka sebelisa matla hamolemo le ho li fetola hore li tsamaee, ho fapana le lienjineri tse tukang tse ka hare tse nang le ts'ebetso e tlase. Ho feta moo, ts'ebeliso ea ho nchafatsa matla nakong ea braking le eona e thusa ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea motlakase. Le hoja motlakase o sebelisoang ho lefisa koloi o na le litšenyehelo, hangata o theko e tlaase ha o bapisoa le peterole kapa diesel, ho itšetlehile ka tefiso ea matla le theko ea mafura sebakeng ka seng.

Ka kakaretso, likoloi tsa motlakase li ka 'na tsa e-ba le litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa pele, empa ka nako e telele, li fana ka phaello ea moruo ka lebaka la tlhokahalo e tlaase ea tlhokomelo le matla a matla a matla. Litšenyehelo tse fokotsehileng tsa tlhokomelo le tšebeliso e tlase ea matla li fetolela chelete e ngata bophelong ba koloi.. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, tlholisano e ntseng e hola 'marakeng oa likoloi tsa motlakase e kenya letsoho ho theoheng ha litheko tsa theko, e leng ho etsang hore li fihlellehe ho sechaba ka kakaretso.

14. Liqeto: Ho sheba tsoelo-pele ea likoloi tsa motlakase le ts'ebetso ea tsona e sebetsang hantle

Likoloi tsa motlakase li bile le phetoho e kholo lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka moralo oa tsona le ts'ebetsong ea tsona e sebetsang hantle. Ha theknoloji e ntse e tsoela pele, likoloi tsa motlakase li fetohile mokhoa o ntseng o tsebahala le o sebetsang ho fokotsa ho itšetleha ka mafura le ho fokotsa ho ntšoa ha likhase tse silafatsang.

E 'ngoe ea likarolo tse hlokomelehang tsa ho iphetola ha likoloi tsa motlakase ke boikemelo ba bona bo boholo. Ka lebaka la tsoelo-pele ea libeteri tsa lithium-ion, likoloi tsa motlakase joale li khona ho tsamaea sebaka se selelele ntle le ho tjhaja hape. Sena se thusitse ho felisa matšoenyeho mabapi le "ho tšoenyeha ho fapaneng" le ho eketsa kholiseho ea bareki mefuteng ena ea likoloi.

Ntle le ho eketseha ha mefuta e mengata, ts'ebetso e sebetsang ea likoloi tsa motlakase e ntlafalitsoe ka ho kenya ts'ebetsong ea mahlale a ho khutlisa matla, joalo ka braking e nchafatsang. Boqapi bona bo lumella a mang a matla a hlahisoang nakong ea braking hore a bolokoe ka har'a betri, e leng se etsang hore matla a sebelisoe hantle le bophelo bo bolelele ba betri. Ka sistimi ena, likoloi tsa motlakase li ka sebelisa matla a hlahisoang ha li ntse li khanna, ka nako e tšoanang, fokotsa mokhathala oa betri.

Ka bokhutšoanyane, likoloi tsa motlakase li bile le phetoho e hlokomelehang moralong oa tsona le ts'ebetsong e sebetsang hantle. Ntlafatso ea boitaolo le ho kengoa tšebetsong ha mahlale a ho khutlisa motlakase ho lumelletse likoloi tsena hore e be khetho e khahlang le e tšoarellang bakeng sa bareki. Ha thekenoloji e ntse e tsoela pele, likoloi tsa motlakase li lebeletsoe hore li tsoele pele ho fetoha le ho phetha karolo ea bohlokoa phetohong ea ho tsamaea e hloekileng, e tsitsitseng haholoanyane.

Ho phethela, likoloi tsa motlakase li emela mokhoa o mong o mocha ho feta lipalangoang tse tloaelehileng, tse fanang ka melemo e mengata ho latela pono ea tikoloho le moruo. Sengoliloeng sena kaofela, re hlahlobile ka botlalo hore na likoloi tsena li sebetsa joang, ho tsoa ho betri ea tsona tshebetso e phahameng ho tsamaiso ea eona e tsoetseng pele ea motlakase.

Motlakase, ha o sebelisoa ke matla a motlakase a bolokiloeng ka har'a betri, o felisa ka ho feletseng ho tsoa ha khase e silafatsang 'me o fokotsa haholo ho itšetleha ka mafura a mafura. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, bokhoni ba ho khutlisa matla nakong ea braking le litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa ho tjhaja li etsa hore likoloi tsa motlakase e be khetho e sebetsang hantle le e tsitsitseng ha e bapisoa le likoloi tsa setso.

Habohlokoa, theknoloji ea koloi ea motlakase e ntse e tsoela pele ho fetoha ka potlako, ka ntlafatso e sa khaotseng ea matla a betri, mefuta e mengata le lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja. Ha thahasello ea likoloi tsa motlakase e ntse e eketseha, litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso li lebeletsoe hore li fokotsehe le ho fumaneha ha mohlala ho atolosa, ho kenya letsoho bokamosong bo tsitsitseng ba lipalangoang.

Ka bokhutšoanyane, likoloi tsa motlakase li teng ho lula, li fana ka mokhoa o mong o sebetsang hantle le oa tikoloho. Ts'ebetso ea bona e thehiloeng ho motlakase, ho ba sieo ha mesi le tsoelo-pele ea mahlale moralong oa bona li etsa hore e be khetho e khahlang ho ba batlang ho tsamaea ka kelello. Ha indasteri e ntse e tsoela pele ho tsamaea ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng, likoloi tsa motlakase li tla phetha karolo ea bohlokoa phetohong ea lipalangoang tsa lefats'e.