Protocol ea IPv6 ke eng?

Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) ke phetisetso ea morao-rao ea sete ea melao e laolang likhokahano Marang-rang. IPv4 E etselitsoe ho hlola mefokolo ea mofuta oa 4 oa Internet Protocol (IPv6), e fana ka mokhoa o felletseng le o sebetsang oa phetisetso ea data. Ka letlooeng. Ka kholo e kholo ea sephethephethe sa Marang-rang, IPv6 e se e le tlhokahalo ea ho netefatsa ho fumaneha le ho fokotseha ha lisebelisoa tsa Marang-rang. Sehloohong sena, re tla hlahloba ka botebo hore na protocol ea IPv6 ke eng, likarolo tsa eona tsa bohlokoa, le bohlokoa ba eona ntlafatsong ea likhokahano tsa inthanete.

1. Selelekela ho protocol ea IPv6: Likhopolo le metheo ea mantlha

IPv6, eo hape e tsejoang e le Internet Protocol version 6, ke moloko o latelang oa Internet protocol o tla nkela IPv4 sebaka. Ha palo ea lisebelisoa tse hokelang Marang-rang e ntse e hola haholo, IPv6 e fetohile ea bohlokoa haholo ho sebetsana le ho khathala ha aterese ea IP le ho netefatsa khokahanyo e ntle le e sireletsehileng bakeng sa bohle.

Sehloohong sena, re tla hlahloba lintlha tsa mantlha le metheo ea protocol ea IPv6. Re tla qala ka ho tšohla liphapang tsa bohlokoa pakeng tsa IPv4 le IPv6, le kamoo IPv6 e sebetsanang le mefokolo e fumanoang pele ho eona. Ho feta moo, re tla ithuta ka sebopeho sa aterese ea IPv6 le hore na e emeloa joang ka tsela e fapaneng le ea IPv4.

Hape re tla tšohla melemo ea ho sebelisa IPv6, ho kenyelletsa ho eketsa boholo ba sebaka sa aterese le ho ntlafatsa ts'ireletso le boleng ba litšebeletso. Re tla hlahloba likarolo tse ling tse hlahisoang ke IPv6, joalo ka ho iketsetsa aterese le tšehetso bakeng sa likeketso le likhetho. Qetellong ea sehlooho sena, u tla ba le kutloisiso e tiileng ea metheo ea IPv6 'me u tla be u itokiselitse ho tobana le mathata le ho sebelisa menyetla e fanoang ke protocol ea marang-rang ea moloko o latelang.

2. Melemo le melemo ea protocol ea IPv6 ha e bapisoa le IPv4

Protocol ea IPv6 e fana ka melemo le melemo e mengata ha e bapisoa le IPv4. E 'ngoe ea melemo e ka sehloohong ke ho khathala ha liaterese tsa IP. Ho fapana le IPv4, e ts'ehetsang liaterese tse ka bang limilione tse likete tse 4.3 feela, IPv6 e na le bokhoni bo boholo, bo lumellang liaterese tse ikhethang hore li abeloe lisebelisoa le basebelisi ba bangata haholo lefatšeng ka bophara. Sena se bohlokoa haholo molemong oa kholo e matla ea lisebelisoa tse hokahaneng le Marang-rang, joalo ka li-smartphone, matlapa, lihlahisoa tse bohlale tsa lapeng, le tse ling.

Molemo o mong oa bohlokoa oa IPv6 ke ntlafatso ea boleng ba litšebeletso. IPv6 e sebelisa sebaka sa li-labels tse lumellang li-routers ho lemoha le ho beha lipakete pele ho latela litlhoko tsa bona tsa bandwidth le latency. Sena se lebisa ntlafatsong e kholo ea boiphihlelo ba mosebelisi, haholo lits'ebetsong tse joalo ka phallo ea video e nang le tlhaloso e phahameng kapa papali ea inthaneteng e hlokang bandwidth e sa feleng le latency e fokolang.

Ho feta moo, IPv6 e fana ka tšehetso e betere bakeng sa ts'ireletso le boinotši ha li bapisoa le IPv4. Protocol e ncha e kenyelletsa likarolo tse kang IPSec, e fanang ka mekhoa ea ho netefatsa le ho patala data e fetisoang. Sena se tiisa hore data e rometsoeng ka marang-rang ke lekunutu ebile e sirelelitsoe ho litlhaselo tse ka bang teng tsa mohatelli.

3. Ho utloisisa liaterese tsa IPv6: Sebopeho le sebopeho

Ho utloisisa liaterese tsa IPv6, ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa sebopeho le sebopeho sa tsona. Ho fapana le protocol e fetileng, IPv6 e sebelisa liaterese tsa 128-bit, e lumellang palo e kholoanyane ea liaterese tse ikhethang ha li bapisoa le IPv4. Sebopeho sa aterese ea IPv6 se arotsoe ka lihlopha tse robeli tsa linomoro tse 'nè tsa hexadecimal tse arohaneng ka li-colon. Mohlala, aterese e tloaelehileng ea IPv6 e ka ba le sebopeho se latelang: 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334.

Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore lihlopha tsa linomoro tse 'ne tsa hexadecimal li ka ba le li-zero tse etellang pele, empa linoto tsena li ka khutsufatsoa ho nolofatsa liaterese tsa ho ngola. Sena se finyelloa ka ho siea li-zero tse etellang pele sehlopheng ka seng le ho li nkela sebaka ka matheba a mabeli a latellanang. Mohlala, aterese ea IPv6 e kaholimo e ka khutsufatsoa ka tsela e latelang: 2001:db8:85a3:0:0:8a2e:370:7334.

Ntle le lihlopha tsa linomoro tse 'nè tsa hexadecimal, aterese ea IPv6 e ka boela ea kenyelletsa khoele ea prefix e bontšang bolelele ba maske a sebelisitsoeng. Sehlomathiso sena se emeloa ka ho kenyelletsa slash e lateloang ke palo ea likotoana tse etsang sehlongwapele. Mohlala, haeba aterese ea IPv6 e kenyelletsa sehlongoapele /64, ho bolela hore ea pele 64 likotoana ea aterese e emela ID ea marang-rang le li-bits tse 64 tsa ho qetela li emela ID ea moamoheli. Noto ena e thusa ho khetholla lipakeng tsa likarolo tsa aterese tse loketseng ho tsamaisa tsela le likarolo tse sebelisoang ho khetholla lisebelisoa ka bomong.

4. Phapano ea bohlokoa lipakeng tsa IPv6 le IPv4: Tlhahlobo e felletseng

Liphapano tsa bohlokoa lipakeng tsa IPv6 le IPv4 li bohlokoa haholo lefapheng la marang-rang le puisano ea marang-rang. Ka tlase, re fana ka tlhahlobo e qaqileng e totobatsang phapang e kholo lipakeng tsa mefuta e 'meli ea Internet Protocol.

1. Sebopeho sa liaterese: Ho IPv4, liaterese tsa IP li na le li-bits tse 32, tse lumellang boholo ba liaterese tse ikhethang tse ka bang 4.300 bilione.. Leha ho le joalo, ka keketseho e ntseng e eketseha ea Marang-rang, marang-rang ana a fokotsehile ka potlako. Ka hlakoreng le leng, IPv6 e sebelisa liaterese tsa IP tsa 128-bit, e fana ka sebaka se seholo sa liaterese se nang le liaterese tse ka bang 340 tsa sextillion.. Sena se rarolla bothata ba ho khathala ha aterese ea IPv4 'me se fana ka tharollo e tsitsitseng bakeng sa kholo ea nakong e tlang ea marang-rang.

2. Tokiso ea aterese: Karolo e hlokomelehang ea IPv6 ke bokhoni ba eona ba ho iketsetsa liaterese.. Ka mochini oa aterese oa EUI-64, lisebelisoa tsa IPv6 li ka iketsetsa aterese ea tsona ea IP ho tsoa atereseng ea tsona ea MAC. Sena se nolofatsa haholo tlhophiso le taolo ea liaterese tsa IP marang-rang. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho IPv4, ho hlophisoa ka letsoho kapa ho sebelisa seva sa DHCP hoa hlokahala ho fana ka liaterese tsa IP ho lisebelisoa.

3. Tšireletseho le katoloso: Ho IPv6, lintlafatso tse kholo li entsoe mabapi le ts'ireletso le katoloso ea protocol. IPv6 e kenyelletsa IPSec e le karolo ea bohlokoa ea protocol, e fana ka karolo e eketsehileng ea tšireletso puisanong ea boemo ba marang-rang.. Ho feta moo, IPv6 e fana ka lihlooho tse sebetsang hantle le tse ntlafalitsoeng, tse lumellang ts'ebetsong ea ts'ebetso e ncha le likarolo ntle le ho ama ts'ebetso ea marang-rang. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, IPv4 e hloka likeketso le lintlafatso tse ling ho fana ka maemo a ts'oanang a ts'ireletso le katoloso.

Ka bokhutšoanyane, IPv6 e fana ka sebaka se atolositsoeng sa liaterese, bokhoni ba aterese ea autoconfiguration, le ntlafatso e kholo ts'ireletsong le katolosong.. Liphapano tsena tsa bohlokoa lipakeng tsa IPv6 le IPv4 li etsa hore kamohelo ea IPv6 e be bohlokoa ho bokamoso ba Marang-rang le puisano ea Marang-rang. Ho bohlokoa hore mekhatlo le bafani ba litšebeletso ba lokise marang-rang le litsamaiso tsa bona ho netefatsa phetoho e atlehileng ho IPv6 le ho nka monyetla oa melemo ea eona.

5. Phetoho ho tloha ho IPv4 ho ea ho IPv6: Liphephetso le tharollo

Phetoho ho tloha ho IPv4 ho ea ho IPv6 ke e 'ngoe ea liqholotso tsa bohlokoahali tse tobaneng le marang-rang kajeno. Ha tlhoko ea liaterese tsa IP e ntse e eketseha, tlhokahalo ea ho amohela IPv6, e fanang ka sebaka se seholo sa liaterese, e bonahala haholoanyane. Leha ho le joalo, phetoho ena ha e bonolo joaloka ho fetoha ho tloha phetolelong e 'ngoe ho ea ho e' ngoe, kaha e kenyelletsa mathata a 'maloa le tharollo e rarahaneng.

E 'ngoe ea liqholotso tse kholo tsa phetoho ho tloha IPv4 ho ea IPv6 ke khaello ea tšebelisano lipakeng tsa liprothokholo ka bobeli. Boholo ea lisebelisoa 'me marang-rang a lokiselitsoe ho sebelisa IPv4, ho bolelang hore mekhoa ea phetolelo, e kang Network Address Translation (NAT) le Dual Stack, e tlameha ho kenngoa ts'ebetsong ho sireletsa likhokahano. pakeng tsa lisebelisoa tse sebelisang mefuta e fapaneng ea IP. Mekhoa ena e lumella marang-rang a IPv6 le IPv4 ho buisana ntle le moroallo.

Phephetso e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ke tlhoko ea ho ruta litsebi tsa marang-rang ka IPv6. Hobane IPv6 ke theknoloji e batlang e le ncha, baenjiniere ba bangata ba marang-rang le batsamaisi ha ba na boiphihlelo ba ho e kenya ts'ebetsong le ho e laola. Ho palama bothata bona, ho na le lithupelo le lisebelisoa tse ngata tse fumanehang inthaneteng. Ho feta moo, mekhatlo e meng e fana ka litifikeiti le mananeo a koetliso ho thusa litsebi ho fumana tsebo le litsebo tse hlokahalang ho kenya ts'ebetsong le ho boloka marang-rang a IPv6.

6. Tšireletseho ho IPv6: Melao-motheo le mekhoa ea tšireletso

Tšireletseho ho IPv6 ke ntlha ea bohlokoa e lokelang ho nahanoa ka lebaka la katoloso le kholo ea thekenoloji ena ea Internet protocol. Ha lisebelisoa tse ngata li hokela Marang-rang, liprothokhole le mekhoa ea ts'ireletso li ea hlokahala ho netefatsa bonnete le lekunutu la tlhahisoleseling.

E 'ngoe ea li-protocol tsa bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ireletso ho IPv6 ke Internet Protocol Security (IPSec). IPSec e fana ka tšireletso e eketsehileng ka ho netefatsa le ho patala lipakete tsa data tse fetisoang marang-rang. Ntle le moo, IPSec e u lumella ho theha lithanele tsa VPN (Virtual Private Network) ho sireletsa likhokahano lipakeng tsa marang-rang le ho netefatsa lekunutu.

Mokhoa o mong oa bohlokoa oa ts'ireletso ho IPv6 ke Tšireletseho ea Moahelani (ROMA). THUMELA e sireletsa khahlanong le litlhaselo tsa chefo ea cache ka ho kenya ts'ebetso ea netefatso le cryptography ts'ebetsong e sireletsehileng ea tikoloho. Sena se fokotsa monyetla oa litlhaselo tsa spoofing le ho ntlafatsa ts'ireletso ea lisebelisoa tsa IPv6.

7. Ho kenya ts'ebetsong le ho tsamaisoa ha protocol ea IPv6 ho marang-rang a teng

The ke ts'ebetso ea mantlha ho nts'etsopele le ntlafatso ea lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang. Ha tlhoko ea liaterese tsa IP e ntse e eketseha le protocol ea IPv4 e felile, ho amohela IPv6 hoa hlokahala ho netefatsa tsoelo-pele ea khokahanyo Marang-rang. Karolo ena e tla hlahisa mehato e hlokahalang ho kenya ts'ebetsong le ho kenya IPv6 marang-rang a teng. ka nepo le sireletsehileng.

Mohato oa pele oa ho kenya IPv6 ts'ebetsong marang-rang a teng ke ho etsa tlhahlobo e phethahetseng ea lisebelisoa tsa hajoale. Sena se kenyelletsa ho tsebahatsa lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang tse tšehetsang IPv6, joalo ka lirutha, li-switches, le li-firewall, le ho netefatsa hore na li se li ntse li na le ts'ebetso ena. Haeba lisebelisoa tse ling li sa tšehetsoe, ho tla hlokahala ntlafatso kapa ho e ncha. Ke habohlokoa ho bolela hore lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa morao-rao li se li ntse li tšehetsa IPv6 ka ho feletseng, empa ho ka 'na ha e-ba le lisebelisoa tsa khale tse hlokang tlhophiso e eketsehileng.

Hang ha meralo ea motheo e teng e hlahlobiloeng 'me lintlafatso life kapa life tse hlokahalang li se li entsoe, phepelo ea IPv6 e hloka ho reroa ka hloko. Sena se kenyelletsa ho hlalosa leano la ho sebetsana le marang-rang, le ka ipapisang le mokhoa oa ho sebetsana le othomathiki kapa ho hlophisoa ha matsoho. Ho feta moo, lintlha tse ling tse kang ts'ireletso le taolo ea sephethephethe ea IPv6 li tlameha ho eloa hloko. Ho eletsoa ho etsa liteko tse ngata pele u sebelisa IPv6 tlhahiso, u sebelisa lisebelisoa le li-simulator tse fumanehang khoebong ho netefatsa ho lumellana le ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea marang-rang.

8. Bohlokoa ba protocol ea IPv6 Marang-rang a Lintho (IoT)

Protocol ea IPv6 e fumane bohlokoa ba bohlokoa maemong a Marang-rang a Lintho (IoT). Ka kholo e kholo ea lisebelisoa tse hokahaneng le marang-rang, ho amoheloa ha IPv6 ho fetohile tlhoko ea mantlha. Ho fapana le IPv4 ea pele ho eona, e neng e e-na le liaterese tse fokolang tsa IP tse fumanehang, IPv6 e na le hoo e batlang e se na moeli, e lumellang aterese e ikhethang ho abeloa sesebelisoa se seng le se seng se hokahaneng le marang-rang le ho netefatsa hore IoT e scalability.

Ho amoheloa ha IPv6 ho IoT ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa khokahanyo le puisano lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa. tsela e sebetsang le bolokehileng. Ka ho lumella palo e kholoanyane ea liaterese tsa IP, IPv6 e thusa kholo le katoloso ea IoT ecosystem, kaha sesebelisoa ka seng se ka ba le aterese ea sona e ikhethang ea IP. Sena se felisa tlhokahalo ea ho sebelisa mekhoa e rarahaneng e kang phetolelo ea aterese ea marang-rang (NAT) ho hokahanya lisebelisoa tsa IoT, ho netefatsa khokahanyo e tobileng le ho nolofatsa moralo oa marang-rang.

Ntle le bokhoni ba aterese ea IP, IPv6 e fana ka lintlafatso tse kholo mabapi le ts'ireletso le boleng ba litšebeletso. Ka ho kenya ts'ebetsong IPv6 ho IoT, o ka nka monyetla oa bokhoni ba ts'ireletso bo hahelletsoeng, joalo ka netefatso le encryption, ho sireletsa data e fetisoang lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa. Sena se bohlokoa haholo libakeng tseo ho tsona ho sebetsoang lintlha tsa bohlokoa, joalo ka bophelo bo botle kapa ts'ireletso. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, IPv6 e lumella ho etelletsa pele le taolo e kholo ea sephethephethe, ho netefatsa puisano e sebetsang hantle le e tšepahalang ho IoT ecosystem.

9. Karolo ea IPv6 nakong e tlang ea likhokahano le katoloso ea Marang-rang

IPv6, kapa Internet Protocol version 6, e bonoa e le karolo ea bohlokoa nakong e tlang ea likhokahano le katoloso ea Marang-rang. Ha lisebelisoa le basebelisi ba bangata ba hokahana le marang-rang, ho ba bohlokoa ho ba le protocol e khonang ho tšehetsa tlhoko e ntseng e hola ea liaterese tsa IP. IPv6 e fana ka tharollo bothateng bona, kaha e lumella palo e batlang e sa lekanngoe ea liaterese tse ikhethang, ha e bapisoa le liaterese tse fokolang tse fanoang ke IPv4.

E 'ngoe ea melemo ea mantlha ea IPv6 ke bokhoni ba eona ba ho etsa hore ts'ebetso le lits'ebetso tse ncha li sebelisoe Marang-rang. Ka lebaka la moralo oa eona o ntlafetseng, IPv6 e nolofalletsa puisano e sebetsang hantle le e sireletsehileng haholoanyane, e leng eona e susumetsang mekhoa e mecha lefapheng la likhokahano. Ho feta moo, IPv6 e nolofatsa ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tse ikemetseng, kahoo e nolofatsa mosebetsi oa ho hokahanya lisebelisoa tse ncha Inthaneteng. Sena ke sa bohlokoa ka ho khetheha maemong a Marang-rang a Lintho (IoT), moo palo ea lisebelisoa tse hokahaneng li leng teng.

Leha ho na le melemo eohle eo IPv6 e fanang ka eona, ts'ebetsong ea eona ha e so fihlelle bokhoni ba eona bo felletseng. Ka hona, ho bohlokoa hore mebuso, mekhatlo le bafani ba litšebeletso tsa Marang-rang ba tsoelepele ho khothaletsa ho amoheloa ha IPv6. Sena se kenyelletsa ho nchafatsa mekhoa ea motheo le mekhoa ea likhokahano, hammoho le ho lemosa le ho koetlisa litsebi lefapheng lena. Ke ka boiteko bo kopanetsoeng feela re ka netefatsang hore IPv6 e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa nakong e tlang ea likhokahano le katoloso ea Marang-rang.

10. IPv6 le lefats'e la mobile: Lintlafatso ts'ebetsong le khokahanyo

Ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha IPv6 ho tlisitse dintlafatso tse kgolo tshebetsong le kgokahanyo lefatšeng selefouno. Ha palo ea lisebelisoa tsa thelefono le basebelisi ba marang-rang e ntse e eketseha, IPv6 e fetohile tharollo ea ho netefatsa ho fumaneha ho hoholo le boleng ba khokahanyo.

O mong oa melemo ea mantlha ea IPv6 ke bokhoni ba eona ba ho fana ka aterese e ikhethang ea IP sesebelisoa se seng le se seng se hokahaneng le marang-rang a mehala. Sena se thusa ho qoba mathata a tšubuhlellano le ho ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea marang-rang ka kakaretso. Ho feta moo, IPv6 e kenyelletsa likarolo tse ntlafalitsoeng tsa ts'ireletso, ho netefatsa khokahano e sireletsehileng haholoanyane. Bakeng sa basebelisi mobile

Ho nka monyetla o felletseng oa lintlafatso tseo IPv6 e fanang ka tsona, ho bohlokoa hore bafani ba litšebeletso tsa mehala le basebelisi ba ntlafatse lisebelisoa tsa bona le marang-rang ho latela mofuta ona oa protocol. Tse ngata mekhoa ea ho sebetsa le lisebelisoa tsa mohala li se li ntse li tšehetsa IPv6, empa ho bohlokoa ho hlahloba le ho etsa bonnete ba hore lisebelisoa tsohle li hlophisitsoe hantle. Ho khothaletsoa ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo ea IPv6 ho bona mathata a ka bang teng le ho a rarolla ka nako.

11. Mekhoa ea ho tsamaisa litsela ho IPv6: Tlhahlobo ea ho bapisa

Ho tsamaisa marang-rang a IPv6 ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea puisano lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa. Ho na le liprothokholo tse fapaneng tsa ho tsamaisa tse fumanehang ho IPv6, e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le litšobotsi le bokhoni ba eona. Tlhahlobong ena ea papiso, ho tla hlahlojoa liprothokholo tse sebelisoang haholo ho IPv6 ho utloisisa matla le mefokolo ea tsona.

Protocol ea pele ea ho tsamaisa e tla hlahlojoa ke Routing Information Protocol bakeng sa IPv6 (RIPng). Protocol ena ke mofuta o ntlafalitsoeng oa RIP, e etselitsoeng IPv6 ka kotloloho. RIPng e sebelisa mokhoa oa ntlafatso oa nako le nako ho fapanyetsana tlhahisoleseling pakeng tsa li-routers. Leha ho le joalo, moeli oa eona o ka sehloohong ke hore ha o tšehetse marang-rang a maholo ka lebaka la ho kopana butle-butle le ho se khone ho sebetsana le litsela tse rarahaneng.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, Next Generation Routing Protocol (OSPFv3) e sebelisoa haholo marang-rang a IPv6. OSPFv3 ke phetolelo e ntlafalitsoeng ea OSPF e etselitsoeng IPv6. Protocol ena e sebelisa li-algorithms tsa boemo ba khokahano ho bala litsela tse sebetsang hantle haholo mme e na le bokhoni bo boholo ba ho ikamahanya le liphetoho ho topology ea marang-rang. Ho feta moo, OSPFv3 e khona ho ts'ehetsa marang-rang a maholo mme e scalable haholo.

12. Phetoho ea IPv6: Maikutlo a kamoso le mekhoa

Ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha IPv6 ho se ho ntse ho tswelapele ka dilemo tse mmalwa, mme leha ho bile le kgatelopele e kgolo, ho ntse ho na le diphephetso tse lokelang ho hlolwa. Karolong ena, re tla hlahloba litebello le mekhoa ea kamoso ea IPv6 evolution.

E 'ngoe ea lintlha tse hatellang ka ho fetesisa ho nts'etsopele ea IPv6 ke ho amohela batho ka bongata. Leha ba bangata ba fanang ka lits'ebeletso tsa Marang-rang le likhoebo li fetohetse ho IPv6, ho ntse ho na le lisebelisoa tse ngata le marang-rang a sebetsang ka ho khetheha ho IPv4. Ho lebelletsoe hore ho tla ba le ts'usumetso e kholo mabapi le kamohelo ea IPv6 lilemong tse tlang ha phepelo ea liaterese tsa IPv4 e ntse e omella butle-butle. Sena se tla hloka tlhokomeliso e eketsehileng le thuto mabapi le melemo ea IPv6, hammoho le nts'etsopele le ts'ebetsong ea lisebelisoa le litharollo ho tsamaisa phetoho.

Ntle le ho amoheloa ka bongata ha IPv6, mokhoa o mong oa kamoso ke kholo ea Marang-rang a Lintho (IoT). Ka keketseho e lebelletsoeng ea libilione tsa lisebelisoa tse hokahaneng le Marang-rang lilemong tse tlang, ho bohlokoa ho ba le liaterese tse lekaneng tsa IP tse fumanehang ho abela lisebelisoa tsena. IPv6 e fana ka sebaka se seholoanyane sa aterese ha se bapisoa le IPv4, se e etsa khetho e nepahetseng bakeng sa IoT e ntseng e hola. Leha ho le joalo, liphephetso tsa ts'ireletso le tsamaiso li tla boela li hlahe ha lisebelisoa tse ngata li hokela marang-rang, tse hlokang litharollo tse ncha le lisebelisoa tse sebetsang hantle ho rarolla mathata ana.

13. Tharollo ea mathata a tloaelehileng tlhophisong le tšebelisong ea IPv6

Ha o lokisa le ho sebelisa IPv6, mathata a tloaelehileng a ka hlaha a thibelang marang-rang ho sebetsa hantle. Ka lehlohonolo, ho na le litharollo tse fapaneng tse ka re thusang ho rarolla mathata ana. Ka tlase ke a mang a maemo a atileng haholo le mokhoa oa ho a rarolla:

• Bothata: Khokahano ea IPv6 ha e so thehoe. Haeba u kopana le mathata a ho theha khokahano ea IPv6 marang-rang a hau, u ka nahana ka mehato e latelang:
• Netefatsa hore Mofani oa Litšebeletso tsa Marang-rang (ISP) oa hau o tšehetsa IPv6 le hore router ea hau e hlophisitsoe ka nepo ho e sebelisa.
• Netefatsa seo lisebelisoa tsa hau li hlophisitsoe ka nepo ho sebelisa IPv6. Na u ka etsa joalo Sena ke ka ho etsa bonnete ba hore ba na le aterese ea IPv6 e abetsoeng le hore protocol e lumelletsoe.
• Haeba litlhophiso tse ka holimo li nepahetse 'me u ntse u e-na le mathata, u ka leka ho qala router le lisebelisoa tsa hau ho tsosolosa likhokahano le ho tsosolosa litlhophiso tsa marang-rang.
• Bothata: Lebelo la khokahano ea IPv6 le butle. Haeba u na le khokahano e liehang, u ka latela malebela a latelang:
• Netefatsa hore marang-rang a hau a marang-rang a lekane ho tšehetsa sephethephethe sa IPv6. Haeba u na le khokahanyo e liehang, nahana ka ho bua le ISP ea hau ho fumana ntlafatso ho moralo oa hau oa inthanete.
• Hlahloba ho bona hore na u na le lisebelisoa kapa software leha e le efe marang-rang ea hau e ka 'nang ea nka bandwidth e feteletseng. Ho tseba le ho rarolla mathata ana ho ka thusa ho ntlafatsa lebelo la khokahano ea hau ea IPv6.
• Nahana ka ho sebelisa litlhophiso tse ntlafalitsoeng tsa marang-rang, joalo ka performance-based routing (PBR), ho ntlafatsa phallo ea data le ho eketsa lebelo la khokahano ea hau ea IPv6.
• Bothata: Ho se lumellane le lisebelisoa kapa lits'ebetso. Haeba u kopana le mathata a ho se lumellane ha u sebelisa IPv6 ka lisebelisoa kapa lits'ebetso tse itseng, u ka leka tse latelang:
• Ntlafatsa firmware lisebelisoa tsa hau 'me u netefatse hore li sebelisa mofuta oa morao-rao. Baetsi ba bang ba fana ka lintlafatso tse rarollang mathata a litšebelisano tsa IPv6.
• Ikopanye le sesebelisoa kapa tšehetso ea tekheniki ea moetsi oa lisebelisoa bakeng sa thuso e khethehileng haeba ho ka ba le mathata a ho lumellana.

14. Ho amoheloa ha protocol ea IPv6 lefatšeng ka bophara: Mathata le likatleho tse fihletsoeng

Ka bokhutšoanyane, Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) ke tharollo ea thekenoloji e hlahisitsoeng ho sebetsana le ho khathala ha liaterese tsa IP le ho netefatsa kholo le katoloso ea Marang-rang nakong e tlang. Ka kabo ea liaterese tsa IP tse pharalletseng le tse sebetsang hantle haholoanyane, IPv6 e fana ka sebaka se batlang se se na moeli, se lumellang palo e ntseng e eketseha ea lisebelisoa ho hokela Marang-rang.

Ka ho sebelisa IPv6, likarolo tse fapaneng tsa khokahanyo ea Marang-rang lia ntlafatsoa, ​​joalo ka ts'ireletso, boleng ba lits'ebeletso, le litsela. Ho feta moo, ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha yona ho bolela phetoho ya butle empa e hlokahalang ho tswa ho Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4), e ntseng e sebediswa haholo empa e na le meedi mabapi le ho fumaneha ha diaterese.

Ha lefats'e le ntse le e-ba digital le tlhokahalo ea khokahanyo ea lefats'e e ntse e eketseha, kutloisiso le ho amohela IPv6 ho ba bohlokoa. Leha phetoho ena e na le mathata, mofuta oa 6 oa Internet Protocol e emela tsoelopele e hlokahalang ea thekenoloji bakeng sa bokamoso ba Marang-rang, ho netefatsa hore lisebelisoa tsohle li ka hokeloa le ho buisana ka katleho le ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng.

Qetellong, protocol ea IPv6 ke lejoe la motheo kholisong ea Marang-rang, 'me ho amoheloa ha eona ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa kholo e tsoelang pele le nts'etsopele ea marang-rang a lefats'e. Ka IPv6, metheo e raliloe bakeng sa Marang-rang a pharaletseng, a sebetsang hantle le a sireletsehileng haholoanyane, a ikamahanyang le litlhoko tsa sechaba se ntseng se holafala.