I-Rio Tinto kunye ne-Amazon ziqinisa ubudlelwane kunye nobhedu oluphantsi kwixesha le-AI

Umanyano phakathi kwenkampani yezemigodi yehlabathi iRio Tinto kunye Iinkonzo zeWebhu zeAmazon (AWS) ibonisa ukuba la kukubhadla okungeyonyani kwaye utshintsho lwamandla luyila ngokutsha imakethi yobhedu yehlabathiEsi sivumelwano sijikeleza ekusetyenzisweni kobhedu oluveliswa nge-bioleaching eArizona kunye nokusasazwa kwezixhobo ezisekelwe kwilifu ukuze kwandiswe amandla alo buchwepheshe.

Kwimeko yoxinzelelo olukhulu phakathi kokunikezelwa kwempahla kunye nemfuno, le ntshukumo ibeka inkampani enkulu yedijithali efana neAmazon embindini wengxoxo malunga nezimbiwa ezibalulekileyongokukhetha ukuhanjiswa kobhedu umlinganiselo omncinci wokusingqongileyo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, uthotho lwexabiso olufutshane noluphucukileyo kwezobuchwepheshe.

Isivumelwano esibalulekileyo phakathi kwezemigodi kunye nelifu

I-Rio Tinto igqibe isivumelwano seminyaka emibini ne-Amazon Web Services apho i-AWS iba yi umthengi wokuqala wobhedu owenziwe ngetekhnoloji yeNutonOlu bhedu luvela kwimigodi yaseJohnson Camp eArizona, eqhutywa yiGunnison Copper, apho obu buchwephesha busandula ukusetyenziswa khona kumanqanaba emizi-mveliso. Sisisombululo se-bioleaching esisetyenziswa kwiiminerali ze-sulfide.

Isivumelwano sichaza ukuba ubhedu lweNuton luza kwabelwa amacandelo aphambili amaziko edatha e-AWS eMelikaingakumbi ezo zinxulumene nomsebenzi wobukrelekrele bokwenziwa. Sithetha ngeentambo zombane, iibhasi, iitransformer, iimoto, iibhodi zesekethe eziprintiweyo, kunye neenkqubo zokusasaza ubushushu. iiprosesa ezinamandla aphezuluzonke zixhomekeke kakhulu ekuqhubeni kobhedu.

Iinkampani azikayibhengezi imiqathango yemali okanye ubungakanani bezinto ezibonelelwayo, kodwa zigxininise ukuba yi- isiganeko esibalulekileyo sokunyuka kweNuton kurhweboKwiRio Tinto, imele umboniso wamazwe ngamazwe wemodeli yayo entsha yokuvelisa ubhedu; kwiAmazon, yindlela yokukhusela izixhobo ezibalulekileyo ezineempawu ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo.

Imfuno iyanda ngenxa ye-AI kunye nomngcipheko wokunqongophala kobhedu

Imvelaphi yalo msebenzi iphawulwa kukwanda ngokukhawuleza kwe I-AI evelisayo kunye namaziko edatha esizukulwana esilandelayoYonke iseva, yonke inkqubo yokupholisa, kunye nayo yonke indawo eyondla ezi zixhobo inexabiso elikhulu lobhedu, ukusuka kwiintambo ukuya kwiitransformer.

Abahlalutyi beli shishini baqikelela ukuba ukunyuka kobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nokufakelwa kombane kunokunyusa Imfuno yobhedu kwihlabathi liphela kulindeleke ukuba inyuke malunga nama-50% ngo-2040Nangona kunjalo, iiprojekthi zemigodi zithatha iminyaka ukuvuthwa, kwaye imiqobo yemithetho kunye neyentlalo iyacothisa ukuqaliswa kwemigodi emitsha, nto leyo ebangela uloyiko lokusilela kwesakhiwo.

Olu xinzelelo sele lubonakala kwimarike: ixabiso lethusi lidlulile I-$13.000 ngetoni nganye kwiLondon Metal Exchange, ngokonyuka phantse ngama-40% kunyaka omnye, kwimeko apho ulindelo lwemfuno yothungelwano lombane, izithuthi zombane kunye namaziko edatha lungqubana nobonelelo oluncinci.

Kwimeko enjalo, iinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe ziqala ukukhuphisana nabavelisi bemizi-mveliso kunye neenkampani zamandla qinisekisa ukuba kukho ubhedu oluzinzileyoIsivumelwano se-AWS neRio Tinto sisencinci ngobuninzi, kodwa sithumela umqondiso ocacileyo kwimarike malunga nokubaluleka "kobhedu olune-attribute" (umthamo ophantsi wekhabhoni, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okuncinci, ukulandeleka) kwiziseko zophuhliso zedijithali.

Indlela esebenza ngayo iNuton: i-bioleaching kunye nedatha yelifu

I-Nuton yindlela yobuchwepheshe kaRio Tinto yokukhupha ubhedu kwi-copper iiminerali ze-sulfide eziphambili ziintsholongwane zendaloEndaweni yokulandela indlela eqhelekileyo yokutyumza, ukugxila, ukunyibilikisa kunye nokucoca i-ore kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, le nkqubo isekelwe ekutsaleni i-heap leaching, apho iibhaktheriya ezikhethiweyo ngokukodwa zinceda ukukhululwa kwesinyithi.

I-Rio Tinto ibiphanda olu hlobo lobuchwepheshe bokuhluza amanzi kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu kwaye ibize le nkqubo iNuton njengesikhumbuzo sayo. UIsaac Newtonigxininisa icandelo lesayensi le nyathelo. Ngokungafaniyo nokutsalwa kwenkunkuma okuqhelekileyo, le ndlela ijolise ekubeni yimodyuli kwaye ikwazi ukwandiswa, ukuze ikwazi ukulungelelaniswa needipozithi ezahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo zesinyithi.

Intsebenziswano ne-AWS idlula nje ukubonelela ngekopolo ngokwasemzimbeni: I-Nuton iyisebenzisa ukulinganisa indlela yokuziphatha kweenkqubo zokukhupha i-leaching kunye nezigqibo zokutya ngohlalutyo oluphambili, okuvumela uhlengahlengiso lwangempela lokusetyenziswa kwe-asidi, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, kunye neemeko zokusebenza ukuze kwandiswe ukubuyiswa kwesinyithi.

Oku kusetyenziswa kakhulu kwedatha kunye neemodeli zedijithali kuvula ithuba lokuba nciphisa ixesha ukusuka kwingcamango ukuya kwimveliso yemizi-mvelisoOku kubaluleke kakhulu kwicandelo apho iiprojekthi zihlala zijongene nexesha elide lokuvavanywa, ukuvuma, kunye nokuphunyezwa.

Ii-cathode ezicocekileyo kakhulu ngqo emgodini

Enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo kwimodeli yeNuton kukuba le nkqubo yenzelwe ukuvelisa ii-cathode zekopolo ezinobunyulu be-99,99% ngaphakathi kwimigodi ngokwayoOku kuthintela isidingo sokwakha ii-concentrators, ii-smelters, kunye nee-refineries zezo zinto zithile, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu inani lezigaba eziphakathi.

Ngokuvelisa i-copper ecociweyo kumthombo, uthotho lobonelelo luyasebenza ifinyeza umgama ukusuka emgodini ukuya kumsebenzisi wokugqibelaOku kunokukhokelela ekuncipheni kweendleko zothutho, iindawo ezimbalwa zokukhupha igesi ezibangela ubushushu, kunye nokulandeleka ngokuthe ngqo kwabathengi abafuna iziqinisekiso zokusingqongileyo.

Ukongeza, iNuton ifuna ukusebenzisa ithuba iiminerali kunye nezinto ezikumgangatho ophantsi ezazikade zithathwa njengenkunkumaukuguqula izinto ezikwi-intanethi zibe yimveliso eluncedo kwezorhwebo. Ukuba le ngcamango iyinyani kwinqanaba eliphezulu, inokwandisa ngempumelelo isiseko sezixhobo ezikhoyo ngaphandle kokuphinda inxalenye yesiseko esinzima sesekethe yendabuko.

I-carbon kunye ne-water footprint: idatha ephambili evela kwiprojekthi yeJohnson Camp

Umgodi weJohnson Camp eArizona uye waba yi- Isifundo setyala sokulinganisa impembelelo yobhedu lweNuton kwindalo esingqongileyoUvavanyo oluzimeleyo lomjikelo wobomi (i-LCA) olwenziwe ngumntu wesithathu luqikelele ukuba ubhedu oluveliswa apho lunomlinganiselo opheleleyo we-2,82 kg ye-CO₂ equivalent ngekhilogram nganye yobhedu, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukukhutshwa kombane kwi-Scope 1, 2 kunye ne-3.

Xa kuthelekiswa, umlinganiselo wekhabhoni wobhedu oluphambili kwihlabathi liphela uhlala uphakathi I-1,5 kunye ne-8,0 kg ye-CO₂e ngekhilogramNgokweteknoloji nendlela yokuvelisa, phantsi komlinganiselo "wokuma kwisinyithi esicociweyo" osetyenziswa lishishini, iJohnson Camp ibekwe njengomvelisi oyintloko wobhedu onekhabhoni ephantsi eMelika.

Le projekthi ikwabalasele ngolawulo lwayo lwamanzi: uqikelelo ukusetyenziswa ngamandla eelitha ezingama-71 ngekhilogram yobheduOku kuthelekiswa nomndilili wehlabathi omalunga neelitha ezili-130 ngekhilogram. I-Skarn Associates, inkampani egxile kwimijikelo yobunzulu bekhabhoni namanzi kwezemigodi, iqinisekisile la manani kunye nothelekiso nomndilili wehlabathi.

Ukuze kuxhaswe umbane walo msebenzi, iNuton ifumene Izatifikethi zamandla avuselelekayo zeGreen-e eziyi-134.000Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba i-100% yombane osetyenziswayo kwindawo ivela kwimithombo evuselelweyo eqinisekisiweyo. Olu dibaniso lwamanzi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla lujolise ekuveliseni ubhedu olunomlinganiselo omncinci wokusingqongileyo kwinqanaba ngalinye lenkqubo.

Umthamo wemveliso kunye nokusasazwa kwayo

IJohnson Camp yinkampani umgodi ovulekileyo onenkqubo yokukhupha amanzi aqokeleleneyoIkwiikhilomitha ezingaphezu kwe-100 empuma yeTucson, kwilizwe laseArizona, iGunnison Copper, inkampani eqhuba le migodi, iqikelela ukuba ubomi bemigodi buphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 nama-20, kwaye inomthamo wonyaka omalunga ne-25 yezigidi zeepawundi zobhedu kwimeko yayo yangoku.

Kwinqanaba lokusasazwa elidibene neNuton, le projekthi ijolise ekuveliseni malunga Iitoni ezingama-30.000 zobhedu olucociweyo kwiminyaka emineKuloo mthamo, kulindeleke ukuba iitoni ezili-16.000 ziza kuvela kwiqonga lokuhluza iore eluhlaza, ngelixa iitoni ezili-14.000 eziseleyo ziza kufunyanwa ngokuthe ngqo kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe beNuton.

Eli zinga lemveliso lodwa aliyi kusombulula ingxaki yokusilela kobhedu kwihlabathi liphela, kodwa lisebenza njenge umboniso wemizi-mveliso wemodeli eyahlukileyoezinokuthi ziphindwe okanye zandiswe kwezinye iidiphozithi ukuba iziphumo zobugcisa nezoqoqosho zihlanganisiwe.

Iimpawu zemarike yesinyithi esibalulekileyo

Ukungena kwenkampani efana neAmazon kwizivumelwano zokubonelela ngobhedu ngqo kuqinisa ingcamango yokuba Iinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe ziye zaba ngabadlali abakhutheleyo kwimarike yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ezicwangcisiweyo.Akusekho nje ngokuthenga izinto ezivela kubaboneleli abaphakathi: ngoku, ukufikelela okukhethekileyo kwizixhobo ezineempawu ezithile nako kuyaxoxwa ngako.

Kule meko, kugxininiswa kwi-copper ene umlinganiselo ophantsi wekhabhoni kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi okuncinciIxhaswa yidatha enokungqinisiseka kunye nokusetyenziswa kombane ohlaziyekayo, olu hlobo lweprojekthi lubeka umgangatho kubavelisi baseYurophu beentambo, izixhobo ze-elektroniki zamandla, kunye nezixhobo zeziko ledatha, nto leyo ebeka umkhwa weekhonkco zokubonelela kwiminyaka ezayo.

Icandelo lezemigodi, ngokwalo, liyabona ukuba ukuba "nobhedu oluneempawu" kunokuguqulela ekubeni izivumelwano zexesha elide nabathengi abafuna uncedo, iimeko ezingcono zemali kunye nokwamkelwa okukhulu koluntu kwimeko apho ukuvula imigodi emitsha kuya kusiba nzima ngakumbi, eMelika naseYurophu.

Ubuchule betekhnoloji kunye nemeko yehlabathi

I-Rio Tinto ayinguye kuphela umvelisi omkhulu ohlola iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhupha i-copper ngokufanelekileyo nangokusebenzisa impembelelo ephantsi kokusingqongileyoIinkampani ezifana neBHP okanye iAntofagasta ziphuhlisa ubuchwepheshe obufanayo bokuhlanjwa kunye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlanjwa kwezinto eziphilayo ukuze kwandiswe ukubuyiswa kwezinto kunye nokunciphisa imfuneko yabanyibilikisi bendalo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqinisekisa ukuba ezi zisombululo iindleko ziyakhuphisana kwaye ziyakhulaEli candelo sele libone ezinye "iinguqu" zobuchwepheshe eziye zangena kwimida yezoqoqosho okanye yeekhemikhali xa bezama ukusuka kwilebhu ukuya emgodini. Yiyo loo nto iiprojekthi ezifana neJohnson Camp zijongwa ngononophelo, zombini zizikhungo zemali kunye nabavelisi bemizi-mveliso baseYurophu abaxhomekeke kwikopolo kwiintambo, iigridi zombane, kunye nezithuthi zombane.

Okwangoku, amazwe anemigodi enamandla kunye nonxibelelwano oluqinileyo ne-United States, njengeMexico, atsalelwa kwi- amandla eengingqi zemixokelelwane yobonelelo ngobhedu idityaniswe ngakumbi. KwiManyano yaseYurophu, ekhuthaza amaqhinga ayo ezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ezibalulekileyo kunye nokuzimela kweqhinga, olu hlobo lomanyano luqinisa ukungxamiseka kokuchaza indlela kunye nendawo oluya kuqinisekisa ngayo ukufikelela kwayo kubhedu.

Intsebenziswano phakathi kweRio Tinto, iNuton, kunye neAmazon Web Services ibonisa utshintsho olukhulu kwishishini lobhedu: akusekho malunga nokukhupha iitoni kuphela, kodwa malunga nokubonelela Isinyithi esilandelekayo, esinomgangatho ophantsi kwaye esilungiselelwe iimfuno zeziseko zedijithaliKwimarike apho i-AI, iigridi zamandla kunye notshintsho lwamandla zibangela imfuno, iimodeli ezifana neJohnson Camp zisebenza njengelebhu ephilayo yokuba ukwembiwa kobhedu kunokubonakala njani kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo.

Inqaku elinxulumene nalo:

I-Meta Compute: I-Meta ibheja kakhulu kwi-AI superintelligence

UAlberto Navarro

Ndingumntu othanda itekhnoloji ojike umdla wakhe we "geek" waba ngumsebenzi. Ndichithe ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10 yobomi bam ndisebenzisa itekhnoloji yokusika kwaye ndikhenkceza ngazo zonke iintlobo zeenkqubo ngenxa yokufuna ukwazi okumsulwa. Ngoku ndiqeqeshelwe ubugcisa bekhompyutha nakwimidlalo yevidiyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 ndibhalela iiwebhusayithi ezahlukeneyo kwitekhnoloji kunye nemidlalo yevidiyo, ndisenza amanqaku afuna ukukunika ulwazi oludingayo ngolwimi oluqondakalayo kuye wonke umntu.

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, ulwazi lwam lusuka kuyo yonke into enxulumene nenkqubo yokusebenza yeWindows kunye ne-Android yeefowuni eziphathwayo. Kwaye ukuzinikela kwam kukuwe, ndihlala ndikulungele ukuchitha imizuzu embalwa kwaye ndikuncede usombulule nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo kweli lizwe le-intanethi.