Iifayile ezinkulu azinakukopishwa nokuba kukho indawo eyaneleyo: isisombululo

Ukuba wakha wazama ukukopa imuvi ye-4K, umfanekiso we-Windows ISO, okanye ikopi enkulu yekopi kwi-USB drive, kwi-hard drive yangaphandle, okanye naphakathi kwee-drive zangaphakathi zePC yakho, okanye xa uzama thumela iifayile ezinkulu Kwaye udibene neempazamo zesithuba... ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa. Kuqhelekile kakhulu ukuba iWindows ibonise izilumkiso ezinje ngokuthi "akukho sithuba saneleyo," "ifayile inkulu kakhulu kwinkqubo yefayile yendawo ekuyiwa kuyo," okanye ukuba ikopi ixhonywe xa, ngokwethiyori, kwakusekho indawo eninzi.

Olu hlobo lweempazamo luyaphazamisa kuba zibonakala ngathi phikisana noko ukubonayo kwiFayile ExplorerI-drive ibonisa indawo engaphezulu kweyaneleyo yasimahla, kodwa iWindows iyala ukukopa ifayile enkulu okanye isebenzisa indawo engaphezulu kakhulu kunokuba bekulindelwe. Emva kwezi ngxaki kuhlala kukho izinto ezimbini eziphambili ezibangela oku: ifomathi yenkqubo yefayile (FAT32, exFAT, NTFS…) kunye nendlela iWindows elawula ngayo ukukopa, indawo yexeshana, kunye nokuqhekeka. Makhe sijonge, inyathelo ngenyathelo kwaye sizolile, okwenzekayo kunye nendlela yokukulungisa ngokusisigxina.

Kutheni ndingenakukwazi ukukopa iifayile ezinkulu nangona kubonakala ngathi kukho indawo eyaneleyo?

Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyiqonde kukuba, nokuba idrayivu ibonisa amashumi okanye amakhulu eegigabytes zesithuba sasimahla, inkqubo yefayile inokubeka imida. imida kubungakanani befayile nganye nganyeNgamanye amazwi, umthamo uwonke wesixhobo yinto enye, kwaye ubungakanani obukhulu obuvunyelweyo kwifayile enye yinto eyahlukileyo. Lo mahluko yiwo obangela iimpazamo ezininzi xa kukhutshelwa iifayile ezinkulu.

Ngaphezu koko, iWindows ayisoloko ikopisha ngendlela "yokusasaza" njengoko sinokucinga. Kwiimeko ezithile, ngexesha lenkqubo yokukopisha, kunokufuneka... indawo eyongezelelweyo yexeshana kwindawo yokuqala okanye kwindawo ekuyiwa kuyo (okanye nakwi-system drive), echaza iimpazamo ezingaqhelekanga ezifana "no space on C:" xa uhambisa idatha kwi-D:, okanye i-SSD ibonakala ngathi isebenzisa phantse kabini ubukhulu bedatha ekopishiweyo.

Impazamo eqhelekileyo: "Ifayile inkulu kakhulu kwinkqubo yefayile yendawo ekuyiwa kuyo"

Enye yemiyalezo exhaphakileyo xa ukopisha iifayile ezinkulu kwii-USB drives okanye kwii-hard drives zangaphandle sisilumkiso sokuba "Ifayile inkulu kakhulu kwinkqubo yefayile yendawo ekuyiwa kuyo"Oku kwenzeka rhoqo kwiifayile zeegigabytes ezininzi: iiWindows ISO, ii-backups zenkqubo, iividiyo zobuqu ezinesisombululo esiphezulu, njl.njl., nokuba ubona ukuba i-USB drive ine-16 GB, 32 GB, 64 GB okanye ngaphezulu ekhoyo.

Ingcaciso ikwimo eqhelekileyo yezi drive: uninzi lwee-USB drive zivela kumzi-mveliso e- I-FAT32I-FAT32 iyahambelana kakhulu (ifundwa yiWindows, i-macOS, iiSmart TV ezininzi, iiconsoles, njl.njl.), kodwa inomda ocacileyo kakhulu: akukho fayile enye enokudlula i-4 GBUmthamo ungagcina ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2 TB iyonke (okanye nantoni na evunyelwa yidrive), kodwa ifayile nganye ayinakudlula i-4 GB.

Ukuba idrayivu yakho ifomathiwe njengeFAT16, imeko iba mbi nangakumbi: Ubungakanani befayile obuphezulu yi-2 GBYiyo loo nto, nangona i-free space bar kwi-Explorer iphantse ingabi nanto (kukho indawo eninzi), xa uzama ukukopa ifayile enye enkulu, inkqubo iyakulumkisa ukuba umsebenzi awunakugqitywa.

Imida ye-FAT32 kunye nesizathu sokuba ibangele iingxaki ezininzi ngeefayile ezinkulu

Xa i-FAT32 yayilwa ngexesha IiWindows 95Ngelo xesha, akukho mntu wayecinga ukuba umsebenzisi wasekhaya angafuna ukuhambisa iifayile ezingama-20, 30, okanye ezingama-50 GB kwi-USB drive enkulu. Kwimeko enjalo, umda we-4 GB kwifayile nganye wawubonakala wanele. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, iividiyo ezineenkcazo eziphezulu, ii-backups ezipheleleyo, oomatshini ababonakalayo, njl.njl. zafika, kwaye loo mda awazange wanele.

Enyanisweni, oku kuthetha ukuba kwi-FAT32 drive unokuba nayo, umzekelo, Isithuba sasimahla se-200 GB kwaye awukwazi ukukopa i-8 GB ISOInkqubo yefayile ayazi ukuba ingazisingatha njani iifayile ezinkulu kangaka. Yiyo loo nto, nangona ubona indawo eninzi ekhululekileyo kwisikrini, inkqubo ikunika impazamo ethi "ifayile inkulu kakhulu" okanye "ayinasithuba saneleyo kwi-drive."

Nangona i-FAT32 inenzuzo enkulu yokuba ihambelana phantse yonke indawo (iiWindows, iiMacOS, iiLinux, iiTV, abadlali, njl.njl.), loo mda we-4 GB uthetha ukuba Isenokungafaneleki ukugcina iimuvi ezinde nezisemgangathweni ophezulu, imifanekiso yenkqubo, iikopi ezipheleleyo, okanye imidlalo emikhulu.Kulapho ke iinkqubo zefayile zanamhlanje zisebenza khona.

Zeziphi iinkqubo zefayile ezivumela ukukopisha iifayile ezinkulu

Ukuba ufuna ukulibala ngomda wefayile ye-4GB, kuya kufuneka usebenzise inkqubo yefayile eyahlukileyo kwi-drive yakhoKwiWindows, ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• I-NTFSLe yinkqubo yefayile yemveli yeWindows yanamhlanje. Ayinamida yobukhulu befayile kumsebenzisi oqhelekileyo (iyamkela iifayile ezinkulu kakhulu), kwaye inika iimvume eziphambili, ukubethela, ukucinezela, nokunye. Ilungele ii-hard drive zangaphakathi nezangaphandle oza kuzisebenzisa kuphela kwiWindows.
• i-exFATYenzelwe izixhobo ezinkulu zememori ye-flash (ii-USB drives, ii-SD card, ii-SSD zangaphandle) kwaye isusa umda we-4GB. Iyahambelana neWindows kunye neMacOS Ixhaswa ngokwendalo, kwaye izixhobo ezininzi zangoku ziyayixhasa. Yeyona ndlela ilungileyo ukuba uza kusebenzisa idrayivu kwiinkqubo ezininzi.
• I-FAT32Kusengqiqweni ukuba ufuna ukuhambelana okuphezulu kunye izixhobo ezindala kakhulu okanye izixhobo ezingafundi i-exFAT/NTFS (abadlali abadala, ii-consoles ezindala, njl.njl.). Kodwa kwiifayile ezinkulu, yingxaki leyo.

Icebo kukulungelelanisa inkqubo yefayile ukuze ihambelane noko uza kukwenza. Ukuba eyona nto iphambili kuwe kukukwazi Ukukopa iifayile ezinkulu akukho ngxakiKuya kufuneka ucinge ngokuguqula okanye ukufometha idrayivu ibe yi-NTFS okanye i-exFAT.

Iimpazamo xa kufuduswa iifayile phakathi kwe-C: kunye ne-D: nangona kukho indawo ekhululekileyo

Elinye ityala eliqhelekileyo lelomntu one- i-drive C: phantse igcwele (umz., i-5 GB ikhululekile) kunye nenye i-drive D: enamakhulu ee-GB afumanekayoXa uzama ukuhambisa iifayile ukusuka kwi-C: ukuya kwi-D: ukuze kukhululwe isithuba, iWindows ibonisa umyalezo othi akukho sithuba saneleyo kwi-C: ukuze kugqitywe umsebenzi. Ngokwengqiqo, ukuhambisa idatha ukusuka kwi-C: ukuya kwi-D: kufanele kukhululwe isithuba, kungadingi sithuba esongezelelweyo.

Ingxaki kukuba, kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokukopa/yokuhambisa kunye nohlobo lwefayile, iWindows ingasebenzisa iifayile zexeshana, ii-cache, okanye kwanokubuyisela amanqaku Ezi nkqubo zitya indawo eyongezelelweyo. Imisebenzi efana nokufaka i-indexing, ukucinezela, i-recycle bin, kwanesoftware ye-antivirus edala iikopi zexeshana nayo idlala indima. Ukuba i-C: drive ifikelele kumda wayo, nayiphi na imfuneko yendawo eyongezelelweyo iya kubangela olu hlobo lweempazamo.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukukhupha iifolda zexeshana (%temp% kunye netemp), ukucoca i-cache yeWindows Update, ukucima amanqaku okubuyisela amadala, kunye nokunciphisa okanye ukukhupha i-Recycle Bin kudla ngokunceda. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko apho, nangona la manyathelo, ingxaki iyaqhubeka. khulula i-10, i-15 okanye nangaphezulu kwi-GB kwi-C:IWindows ihlala icela ii-gigabytes ezimbalwa ezongezelelweyo xa ikopisha ifayile enkulu kwinethiwekhi okanye kwenye idrayivu, ngokungathi akwanelanga.

Ukukopa iifayile ezinkulu kwinethiwekhi okanye kwi-VPN: kutheni icela indawo eninzi kangaka

Xa ukopisha ifayile enkulu kakhulu kwi isixhobo senethiwekhi esabelwana ngaso okanye ngeVPNIzinto ziba nzima nangakumbi. Abanye abasebenzisi, abane-70 GB yasimahla kwidiski yabo yasekuhlaleni, xa bekopa ifayile ye-40 GB kwiseva ekude, babona ikopi ifikelela kwi-90-95%, bayeke, baze babonise impazamo "engonelanga" ecela ukuba kukhululwe ezinye ii-gigabytes.

Kwezi meko, ukongeza kwezi zinto zikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, izinto ezifana nezi zilandelayo ziyafuneka: i-cache yenethiwekhi, imisebenzi yokuthintela, kunye neefayile zexeshana ezenziwe ngexesha lokudluliselwaIWindows ingadinga ukugcina iibhloko zedatha kwimemori nakwidiski ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwekopi, ingakumbi xa uqhagamshelo lucotha okanye lungazinzile (njengoko kuqheleke ukuba njalo ngezinye iiVPN), kwaye ukuba ufuna ukuhambisa iifayile ezinkulu ngaphandle kokuzikhuphela, ungabona indlela yokwenza njalo. fudusa idatha yakho ngaphandle kokuyikhuphela.

Ukuba ukongeza koku kungenzeka ukuba ezinye ii-aplikeshini zisenokuchitha indawo ngaxeshanye (iilog, iifayile zesikhashana zesikhangeli, ukhuphelo olungaphelelanga, njl.njl.), inkqubo iqala ukufuna umda wokhuseleko owongezelelweyo ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke nekopi. Yiyo loo nto, nokuba ubona ukuba une-gigabytes ezilishumi onokuzisebenzisa, iWindows iyaqhubeka nokugxininisa ukuba kufuneka ukhulule enye i-2 okanye i-3 GB ukuze ugqibezele.

Ungajonga njani ukuba idrayivu yakho ifomathiwe njengeFAT32, exFAT, okanye iNTFS

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukufomatha okanye ukuguqula nantoni na, kulungile ukujonga I-drive ifomathiwe ngeyiphi inkqubo yefayile? nto leyo ikunika iingxaki. KwiWindows kulula kakhulu:

• Qhagamshela i-USB drive, i-hard drive yangaphandle, okanye ikhadi olisebenzisayo.
• Vula i Isihloli seeFayile kwaye ufumane iyunithi.
• Cofa ekunene kwi-drive uze ufake "Iipropati".
• Kwithebhu ethi "Jikelele" uza kubona intsimi ebizwa ngokuba yi "Inkqubo yefayile" apho iya kubonisa i-FAT32, i-exFAT, i-NTFS, njl.

Ukuba ubona ukuba ithi FAT32 kwaye uzama ukukopa iifayile ezinkulu kune-4 GB, sele uyichongile isizathu esichanekileyo sempazamoUkusuka apha, isigqibo sakho siya kuba: tshintsha inkqubo yakho yefayile okanye ujonge ezinye iindlela ezifana nokwahlulahlula iifayile.

Fometha i-pendrive okanye idiski yangaphandle ibe yi-NTFS okanye i-exFAT

Eyona ndlela ilula nekhawulezayo yokukopa iifayile ezinkulu yile fometha idrayivu ngenkqubo yefayile engenamda we-4 GB. Ungayenza ngaphakathi kwiWindows ngokwayo kwimizuzwana embalwa, kodwa kufuneka uqaphele ukuba ukufomatha cima yonke idatha kwi-driveNgoko ke, qala ngokuxhasa nantoni na oyikhathaleleyo.

KwiWindows, amanyathelo asisiseko okufometha i-USB drive okanye i-hard drive yangaphandle ngala:

1. Qhagamshela idrayivu kwikhompyutha uze ulinde ukuba ivele kwi-Explorer.
2. Cofa ekunene kwi-drive uze ukhethe "Ifomati...".
3. Kwi "Inkqubo yefayile", khetha I-NTFS (ukuba uza kuyisebenzisa kwiWindows kuphela) okanye i-exFAT (ukuba ufuna ukuhambelana ne-macOS kunye nezinye izixhobo zanamhlanje).
4. Khetha ukhetho loku "Ifomathi ekhawulezayo" Ukuba ufuna kuthathe ixesha elincinci, ngaphandle kokuba ukrokrela ukuba kukho amacandelo onakeleyo kwaye ukhetha ifomathi epheleleyo.
5. Cofa ku-"Qala" kwaye uqinisekise isilumkiso sokuba yonke idatha iya kucinywa.

Emva kokufomatha, idrayivu efanayo iya kubonakala inonobumba wayo wesiqhelo, kodwa ngoku ine Inkqubo yefayile ye-NTFS okanye ye-exFAT Kwaye ungakopa iifayile ze-5, 10 okanye 50 GB ngaphandle kwengxaki, logama nje kukho indawo epheleleyo.

Guqula i-FAT32 ibe yi-NTFS ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yidatha

Ukuba i-USB drive yakho okanye i-hard drive yangaphandle sele iqulethe idatha ongafuniyo ukuyicima, ukufomatha kusenokungabi lolona khetho lufanelekileyo. Kwimeko enjalo, ungakhetha Guqula i-FAT32 ibe yi-NTFS ngaphandle kokulahleka kwedathaKwiWindows kukho isixhobo somgca womyalelo esivumela oku:

1. Vula ibhokisi yencoko ethi "Sebenzisa" ngokucinezela Iifestile + R, ubhala cmd kwaye ucinezele u-Enter ukuvula i-Command Prompt.
2. Kwifestile, sebenzisa umyalelo guqula i-X: /fs:ntfs, endaweni ka-X unobumba weyunithi ofuna ukuyiguqula.

Lo myalelo uzama ukuguqula ulwakhiwo lwenkqubo yefayile ukusuka kwi-FAT32 ukuya kwi-NTFS ukugcina iifayile ezikhoyoSisisombululo esilungileyo xa ungenandawo yokwenza i-backup, nangona, njengakwezinye iindlela zokusebenza kolu hlobo, akukubi ukuba ne-backup yezinto ezibalulekileyo kwangaphambili xa kukho into engahambi kakuhle.

Umda ophambili kukuba ukuguqulwa unidirectionalUkuba kwixesha elizayo kufuneka uguqulele kwi-NTFS uye kwi-FAT32, awusayi kukwazi ukwenza njalo nge-convert.exe kwaye uya kunyanzelwa ukuba ufomethe (ucime yonke into), okanye usebenzise izixhobo zomntu wesithathu ezizama ukuguqula kwakhona ngaphandle kokulahleka kwedatha.

Ukongeza kumyalelo wendabuko, kukho iinkqubo zolawulo lwesahlulo ezibonelela ngee-graphical wizards zokuguqula phakathi kwe-FAT32 kunye ne-NTFS ngaphandle kokufomatha. Ezinye, ezifana ne-EaseUS Partition Master okanye i-AOMEI Partition Assistant, ziquka ezinye izinto ezifana iidiski eziklonyelweyo, tshintsha ubungakanani bezahlulo, fudusela inkqubo yokusebenza kwi-SSD, hlulahlula izahlulo ezinkulu okanye uguqule ukusuka kwi-NTFS ukuya kwi-FAT32 ngelixa ugcina umxholo.

Ezinye iindlela xa ungakwazi ukutshintsha inkqubo yefayile

Kukho iimeko apho unyanzelekile ukuba uzigcine I-FAT32Umzekelo, ukuba idrayivu kufuneka ifundwe sisixhobo esidala kakhulu, ikhonsoli eqaphela kuphela iFAT32, okanye isixhobo soshishino. Kwezi meko, nokuba ufuna ukukopa ifayile ye-8 okanye ye-10 GB, awukwazi ukuyifometha kwi-NTFS okanye kwi-exFAT ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kukuhambelana.

Xa ungakwazi ukutshintsha inkqubo yefayile, ukhetho olufanelekileyo kukuba yahlulahlula ifayile enkulu ibe ziinxalenye ezininzi ezingaphantsi kwe-4 GBOku kungenziwa ngeenkqubo zokucinezela ezifana ne-7-Zip, iWinRAR, okanye ngabaphathi beefayile abaphambili abanezixhobo "zokwahlulahlula" kunye "nokujoyina" iifayile.

Inkqubo ilula: uvelisa iziqwenga ezininzi (umzekelo, iziqwenga ezi-2 GB nganye) ezilingana ngokugqibeleleyo kwi-FAT32. Ukopisha zonke iindawo kwi-USB drive, uziyise kwenye ikhompyutha, kwaye apho, usebenzisa umsebenzi ohambelanayo ("joyina," "hlanganisa," okanye "khupha," kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo) ukuze wakhe kwakhona ifayile yokuqala. Esi sisombululo siluncedo ekuthuthweni kweefayile ezinkulu.kodwa hayi ukuzisebenzisa ngqo kwi-FAT32 drive, njengoko inkqubo ingayi kuxhasa yonke ifayile ngaphakathi kwevolumu.

Ezinye iinkqubo zokubethela, ezifana nezisombululo ezidala Iidiski ezibonakalayo ze-NTFS ezifihliweyo ngaphakathi kwi-FAT32 driveBanikezela ngesinye isisombululo esiphakathi: bagcina umphezulu wesixhobo kwi-FAT32, kodwa bafaka isitya se-NTFS ngaphakathi. Oku kuphula umda we-4 GB ngaphakathi kwisitya kwaye kongeza ukhuseleko lwegama lokugqitha, nangona uqwalaselo luphucuke ngakumbi.

Iindlela ezilungileyo zokuthintela iimpazamo xa ukopisha iifayile ezinkulu

Ngaphaya kwenkqubo yefayile, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulandele uthotho lweengcebiso zokunciphisa iimpazamo kunye nexesha elichithwayo xa usebenza iifayile ezinkulu kakhulu:

• Hlala ugcina a umda wesithuba esikhululekileyo esaneleyo kwi-system drive (C:), ingakumbi ukuba ukopisha kwinethiwekhi okanye kwi-VPN.
• Zijonge kwaye uzicoce rhoqo. iifolda zexeshana, ii-cache, kunye nebhini yokuphinda usebenzise.
• Jonga imeko yempilo yeediski (kubandakanya ii-USB drives) kwaye usebenzise i-chkdsk ukuba ukrokrela iimpazamo.
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa usetyenziso oluninzi oluvelisa iifayile zexeshana ezinkulu (abahleli beevidiyo, oomatshini ababonakalayo, ukhuphelo oluninzi) ngaxeshanye xa uhambisa iifayile ezinkulu.
• Ukuba i-USB drive ibonisa ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga (izaliswa ngequbuliso, ibonise ii-byte ezingama-0 zasimahla ngaphandle kwesizathu), gcina idatha, Fometha kwi-exFAT okanye kwi-NTFS uze uzame kwakhona.

Ngokusebenzisa le migaqo nokukhetha ngokuchanekileyo inkqubo yefayile kwisixhobo ngasinye, kunokwenzeka phantse zisuse ngokupheleleyo iimpazamo zesithuba Xa ukopisha iifayile ezinkulu, sebenzisa ngokwenene amandla eedrive zakho kwaye uzigcine iiyure ezininzi zokuphoxeka ujonge ibha yenkqubela phambili.

Inqaku elinxulumene nalo:

Uyifudusa njani idatha yakho ukusuka kwelinye ilifu ukuya kwelinye ngaphandle kokuyikhuphela

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