Ngaba ikhompuyutha yakho isebenza ngendlela engaqhelekanga? Ngaba uqaphele ukwanda kwenani leentengiso kunye ne-pop-ups? Ikhompyuter yakho inokuba yosulelwe yintsholongwane. Ukuba azisonjululwanga ngexesha, ezi ntsholongwane zinokubangela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka kwinkqubo yakho kwaye zibeke esichengeni ukhuseleko lwedatha yakho. Kweli nqaku, siya kukukhokela malunga nendlela yokususa iintsholongwane yekhompyutha ngendlela yobuchwephesha nengathathi hlangothi, ukuze ukwazi ukukhusela izixhobo zakho kwaye uzigcine zisebenza kakuhle.
Chonga iimpawu zosulelo
Ngaphambi kokuba uyisuse intsholongwane kwikhompyuter yakho, kubalulekile ukuqonda iimpawu zosulelo. Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukusebenza kwenkqubo ecothayo, ukuntlitheka rhoqo, ii-pop-ups ezingalindelekanga, iinkqubo ezivula okanye ezivale ngokwazo, kunye nee icon ezintsha okanye iibar zesixhobo ezibonakala kwidesktop yakho okanye kwisikhangeli. Ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba unentsholongwane kwikhompyuter yakho.
Qhuba i-antivirus scan
Inyathelo lokuqala lokususa iintsholongwane kwikhompyuter yakho kukuqhuba iskena esipheleleyo se-antivirus. Qinisekisa ukuba unenkqubo ye-antivirus ethembekileyo efakwe kwisixokelelwano sakho kwaye ihlaziywe kuhlobo lwamva nje. Qala iskena esipheleleyo senkqubo yakho kwaye uyivumele iqhube ide igqibe. I-antivirus iyakukhangela kwaye isuse nayiphi na intsholongwane okanye enye i-malware efunyenwe kwikhompyuter yakho.
Cima ngesandla iifayile ezikrokrisayo
Nangona i-antivirus scanning iyasebenza ekubhaqeni nasekususeni iintsholongwane, kusenokubakho iimeko apho ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga kuthe gqolo. Kwezi meko, kusenokufuneka uzicime ngesandla iifayile ezikrokrisayo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele kakhulu xa usenza njalo, njengoko unokonakalisa iifayile zenkqubo ukuba ucima into engalunganga. Ukuba awuziva uzithembile ukwenza lo msebenzi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufune uncedo kwingcali yekhompyuter.
Kuphephe ukosuleleka kwixesha elizayo
Nje ukuba uyisuse ngempumelelo intsholongwane kwikhompyuter yakho, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela usulelo oluzayo. Gcina inkqubo yakho ye-antivirus isexesheni kwaye uqhube iskeni rhoqo. Kuphephe ukukhuphela iifayile okanye iinkqubo ezivela kwimithombo engaziwayo kwaye lumka xa ucofa amakhonkco akrokrelayo okanye uncamathiselo lwe-imeyile. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba unayo isipele yedata yakho ebalulekileyo kwimeko yosulelo olunzulu olufuna ukufomatha inkqubo.
Isiphelo
Ukususa iintsholongwane kwikhompyuter yakho kunokuba ngumsebenzi onzima kunye nobugcisa, kodwa ngokulandela amanyathelo afanelekileyo, unokususa iintsholongwane kwaye ugcine ikhompyuter yakho ikhuselekile. Khumbula ukujonga iimpawu zosulelo olunokwenzeka kwaye wenze ngokukhawuleza ukunciphisa umngcipheko. Khusela ikhompyuter yakho kwaye ugcine idatha yakho yobuqu ikhuselekile.
1. Ukuchongwa kweempawu zosulelo lwentsholongwane yekhompyuter
Ukuze ususe ngokufanelekileyo iintsholongwane kwikhompyuter yakho, kubalulekile ukuchonga iimpawu zosulelo lwentsholongwane yekhompyuter. Iintsholongwane zinokubangela iingxaki ezohlukeneyo kwinkqubo yakho, njengokucothisa isantya sokusebenza, urhwaphilizo lwefayile, okanye ukubiwa kolwazi oluyimfihlo. Kubalulekile ukugcina iliso kwiimpawu ezithile eziphambili ezinokubonisa ubukho bentsholongwane. Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele:
- Ralentización del sistema: Ukuba ikhomputha yakho iyacotha ngokukhawuleza kwaye inexesha lokuphendula elicothayo kunesiqhelo, inokuba luphawu losulelo lwentsholongwane.
- Ii-pop-ups kunye neentengiso ezingafunwayo: Ukuba ii-pop-ups ezingafunwayo okanye iintengiso zihlala zivela kwiscreen sakho, ikhompyuter yakho yosulelekile.
- Impazamo yokuqalisa: Ukuba ufumana iimpazamo rhoqo xa uqala ikhompyuter yakho okanye inkqubo yakho yokusebenza ayilayishi ngokuchanekileyo, oku kungabonisa usulelo lwentsholongwane.
Nje ukuba uchonge iimpawu zosulelo lwentsholongwane yekhompyuter, Kufuneka uthathe amanyathelo ngoko nangoko ukususa intsholongwane kwikhompyuter yakho kwaye ithintele ukuba ibangele umonakalo omkhulu. Nanga amanye amanyathelo asisiseko onokuthi uwalandele ukususa iivayirasi kwikhompyuter yakho:
- Qhuba i-antivirus scan: Sebenzisa isoftware ehlaziyiweyo yeantivirus ukwenza iskena esipheleleyo senkqubo yakho. Oku kuya kukunceda ubhaqe kwaye ususe naziphi na iintsholongwane ezikwikhompyuter yakho.
- Actualizar el inkqubo yokwenza: Gcina inkqubo yakho yokusebenza kunye nazo zonke iinkqubo zisexesheni ukuze ukhusele kuzo izoyikiso zentsholongwane zakutsha nje.
- Eliminar archivos sospechosos: Cima naziphi na iifayile okanye iinkqubo ezikrokrisayo onokuzifumana kwikhompyuter yakho. Ukuba awuqinisekanga kwifayile, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungayisebenzisi ide ihlolwe yisoftware ye-antivirus ethembekileyo.
Khumbula oko ukuthintela usulelo lwentsholongwane kubalulekile ukugcina ikhompyuter yakho ikhuselekile. Ngalo lonke ixesha gcina isoftware yakho ye-antivirus ihlaziyiwe, kunqande ukucofa amakhonkco akrokrelayo okanye ukukhuphela iifayile kwimithombo engathembekanga, kwaye wenze. iikopi zedatha rhoqo ukukhusela idata yakho kwimeko yosulelo olunzulu.
2. Ukuthintela njani ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane kwikhompyuter yakho
Xa usebenzisa ikhompyuter yethu, kubalulekile ukwazi amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuthintela ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane kwaye ugcine iifayile zethu kunye nedatha ikhuselekile. Nangona kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeentsholongwane zekhompyuter, kukho iindlela ezisebenzayo esinokuzisebenzisa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo kwinkqubo yethu. Okulandelayo, siza kukubonisa iindlela ezibalulekileyo zokukhusela ikhompyuter yakho.
1. Mantén tu sistema operativo actualizado. Abaphuhlisi beSoftware bakhupha rhoqo uhlaziyo kunye neepetshi ezibandakanya ukuphuculwa kokhuseleko. Ngokugcina inkqubo yakho yokusebenza isexesheni, uya kube ukhusela ikhompyuter yakho kubuthathaka obaziwayo, njengoko olu hlaziyo luhlala lubandakanya ukulungiswa kweziphene zokhuseleko. Qinisekisa ukwenza uhlaziyo oluzenzekelayo okanye ujonge ngamaxesha athile ukuze ubone ukuba iinguqulelo ezintsha ziyafumaneka.
2. Sebenzisa i-antivirus ethembekileyo. Ukufakela kunye nokugcina inkqubo ye-antivirus ethembekileyo isexesheni kubalulekile ukukhusela ikhompyuter yakho virus y malware. I-antivirus elungileyo kufuneka ikwazi ukubona, ukuvimba kunye nokuphelisa nayiphi na isongelo esinokubakho. Khumbula ukuqwalasela i-antivirus yakho ukwenza iskena esicwangcisiweyo kunye nokuskena ngexesha langempela. Kwakhona, kuphephe ukucofa amakhonkco okanye ukukhuphela iifayile kwimithombo engathembekanga.
3. Qaphela izinto ezincamathelayo ezikrokrisayo kunye namakhonkco. Iintsholongwane zeKhompyutha zihlala zisasazwa ngokuncamatheliswa kwe-imeyile okanye ngamakhonkco anobungozi iiwebhusayithi kunye nemiyalezo ekhawulezileyo. Ukuba ufumana i-imeyile okanye umyalezo okrokrelayo ovela kumntu ongaziwayo, kuphephe ukuvula izincamatheliso okanye ukucofa amakhonkco. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngokusemthethweni kwefayile okanye ikhonkco, kungcono ukuphosakela kwicala lokulumkisa kwaye ungasebenzisani nayo.
3. Sebenzisa isoftware yeantivirus ethembekileyo ukususa iintsholongwane
Iintsholongwane zekhompyuter zinokuba yinkathazo enkulu kwaye zichaphazele ukusebenza kwekhompyuter yakho. Ukukhusela inkqubo yakho, kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa software antivirus de confianza. Ezi zixhobo zinoxanduva lokuchonga kunye nokuphelisa iintsholongwane ezikhoyo kwikhompyuter yakho, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo. Xa ukhetha isoftware ye-antivirus, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa iimpawu ezaziwayo kwimarike kwaye ufunde uphononongo lwabasebenzisi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo.
Kukho iinketho ezininzi zesoftware ye-antivirus emarikeni, ezinye zazo zisimahla kwaye ezinye zifuna umrhumo. Ezinye zeempawu ezaziwayo yiAvast, Norton kunye neMcAfee. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe ukhetho olufanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zakho kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ukongeza, ezinye iibrendi zibonelela ngezilingo zasimahla ezikuvumela ukuba uvavanye ukusebenza kwayo ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo. Musa ukutsiba ukhuseleko lwekhompyuter yakho, njengoko isoftware ye-antivirus ethembekileyo inokuthintela iingxaki ezininzi kwaye ikhusele idatha yakho yobuqu.
Nje ukuba ufake isoftware yakho ye-antivirus oyikhethileyo, kubalulekile mantenerlo actualizado. Abaphuli mthetho be-Cybercriminal bahlala bephuhlisa iindlela ezintsha zokuthintela ukubhaqwa kwe-antivirus, ngoko ke uhlaziyo oluqhelekileyo lubalulekile ukugcina inkqubo yakho ikhuselekile. Uninzi lwesoftware yeantivirus ibonelela ngohlaziyo oluzenzekelayo, kodwa unokujonga ngesandla uhlaziyo olukhoyo. Khumbula ukuba ukhuseleko olusebenzayo kwiintsholongwane luxhomekeke ekusebenziseni isoftware ehlaziyiweyo nethembekileyo.
4. Amanyathelo ukususa iintsholongwane ngesandla
Ngamanye amaxesha, izixhobo zethu zinokuchatshazelwa ziintsholongwane zekhompyuter ezibeka esichengeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwekhompyuter. Ukuba asinayo i-antivirus ehlaziyiweyo okanye ukuba siye sakhuphela iifayile ezikrokrelekayo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba sibe ngamaxhoba entsholongwane. Ngethamsanqa, zikho Yintoni esinokuyenza ukusombulula le ngxaki?
Inyathelo lokuqala lokususa intsholongwane ngesandla Chonga ifayile eyosulelekileyo okanye inkqubo. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokuhlalutya ukusebenza kwekhompyuter okanye ngokuskena inkqubo usebenzisa isoftware ethembekileyo ye-antivirus. Emva kokuba sifumene ifayile okanye inkqubo ekrokrelayo, kufuneka senze i-backup yedatha yethu ebalulekileyo ukuze sigweme ukulahlekelwa ulwazi ngexesha lokususa.
Emva kokugcina idatha yethu, siza kwinyathelo elilandelayo elibalulekileyo: khubaza ukubuyisela inkqubo. Iintsholongwane zihlala zithatha ithuba lenkqubo yokubuyisela umsebenzi wokuzihlaziya emva kokususwa. Ukukhubaza eli nqaku, kufuneka sifikelele kwiisetingi zenkqubo kwaye sikhubaze inketho yokubuyisela inkqubo. Nje ukuba kwenziwe oku, siqhubeka nokucima ifayile yentsholongwane okanye inkqubo, mhlawumbi ngokuyihambisa kwindawo evalelwe kuyo i-antivirus okanye ngokuyicima ngokusisigxina. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba kufuneka silandele imiyalelo ye-antivirus esetyenzisiweyo kwaye siqinisekise ukuba ifayile ekhethiweyo okanye inkqubo inobungozi kwaye ayikho into ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo yethu.
5. Yenza iskena senkqubo ecokisekileyo kwiMowudi eKhuselekileyo
Elinye lamanyathelo abalulekileyo okulwa iintsholongwane kwikhompyuter yakho kukwenza inkqubo yokuskena ngokucokisekileyo Modo Seguro. Xa ikhomputha yakho ikule modi, kuphela iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo kunye nabaqhubi abaya kulayishwa, ukunciphisa amathuba okuba iintsholongwane zisebenze kwaye zizifihle kwisistim. Ukuqalisa kwakhona ikhompyuter yakho en Modo Seguro, cinezela ngokulula iqhosha le F8 ngexesha lokuqalisa kwaye ukhethe iNdlela eKhuselekileyo ukhetho kwimenyu.
Kanye kwiMowudi eKhuselekileyo, lixesha lokwenza i uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo yazo zonke iifayile kunye neenkqubo kwindlela yakho. Unokusebenzisa izixhobo ezithembekileyo nezihlaziyiweyo ze-antivirus ukuskena yonke ihadi drayivu ukukhangela naziphi na izoyikiso ezinokubakho. Ezi zixhobo ziya kukuvumela ukuba ubone kwaye ususe naziphi na iintsholongwane, i-malware okanye i-spyware enokuthi ifihle kwikhompyuter yakho. Qinisekisa ukuba wenza uhlalutyo completo kwaye ungalibali kwakhona ukuvavanya naziphi na iidrive zangaphandle okanye izixhobo zokugcina eziqhagamshelweyo.
Enye inketho ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqwalasele ngexesha lokuskena inkqubo ngokucokisekileyo kwiMowudi eKhuselekileyo yi ukususwa kweenkqubo ezikrokrisayo. Jonga ngononophelo uluhlu lweenkqubo ezifakwe kwikhompyuter yakho kwaye ukhuphe ezo zingaziwayo okanye ezikrokrisayo. Ezi nkqubo zinokuba ngumthombo weentsholongwane kwaye ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuzisusa ukuphepha usulelo oluzayo. Kwakhona khumbula ukujonga izandiso zebhrawuza kwaye uphelise ezo ungazaziyo okanye ezinokuziphatha okukrokrisayo.
6. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokususa intsholongwane
El Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwekhompyuter yethu kunye nokukhusela ulwazi lwethu lobuqu. Iintsholongwane zekhompyuter zinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu, njengokubiwa kwedatha, ukulahleka kweefayile ezibalulekileyo, okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle yenkqubo yokusebenza. Ke ngoko, kuyafuneka ukuba nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokubona kunye nokuphelisa naziphi na izoyikiso ezinokubakho kwikhompyuter yethu.
Kukho ezahlukeneyo izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokususa intsholongwane ekhoyo emarikeni, kwaye uninzi lwazo lusimahla. Ezi zixhobo ziyilelwe ngokukodwa ukukhangela kunye nokususa iintsholongwane, i-malware, i-adware kunye nezinye iintlobo zezoyikiso zekhompyutha. Ezinye zezona zixhobo zidumileyo zibandakanya i-antivirus enje ngeAvast, AVG, Malwarebytes, kunye neKaspersky, phakathi kwabanye. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukugcina ezi zixhobo zisexesheni ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyasebenza ngokuchasene nezoyikiso zamva nje.
Xa sithatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa i isixhobo esikhethekileyo sokususa intsholongwane, es recomendable seguir los siguientes pasos:
– Yenza iskena esipheleleyo senkqubo: Isixhobo siya kwenza uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lwazo zonke iifayile kunye neenkqubo kwikhompyuter yethu ukukhangela izoyikiso ezinokwenzeka.
– Susa izoyikiso ezichongiweyo: Nje ukuba iskena sigqityiwe, isixhobo siya kusibonisa uluhlu lwezoyikiso ezifunyenweyo kwaye zisivumele ukuba sizisuse ngokukhuselekileyo.
– Programar escaneos regulares: Ukugcina ikhompyuter yethu ikhuselekile, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kucwangciswe ukuskena okuzenzekelayo ngamaxesha athile ngesixhobo esikhethiweyo.
7. Thintela usulelo oluzayo ngokuthatha iindlela ezilungileyo zokhuseleko lwekhompyutha
Indlela yokususa iiVirus kwiKhompyutha yakho
Ukuthintela usulelo kwixesha elizayo kubalulekile ukugcina ikhompyuter yakho ikhuselekile kwaye isebenza kakuhle. Ukufezekisa oku, kubalulekile ukwamkela buenas prácticas de seguridad informática. Nanga amanye amacebiso okukunceda unciphise amathuba okusuleleka yintsholongwane kwaye ugcine isixhobo sakho sikhuselekile:
- Mantén tu sistema operativo actualizado: Uhlaziyo lweSoftware lubandakanya iindawo zokhuseleko ezilungisa ubuthathaka obaziwayo. Qinisekisa ukuba ufakela lonke uhlaziyo olukhoyo lwenkqubo yakho yokusebenza kunye nezicelo ozisebenzisayo.
- Instala un antivirus confiable: Inkqubo elungileyo ye-antivirus ibalulekile ekubhaqeni nasekupheliseni naziphi na izoyikiso ezinokuzama ukungena kwikhompyuter yakho. Qinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa isoftwe yokhuseleko eyaziwayo kwaye uyigcine ihlaziywa rhoqo.
- Educa a los usuarios: Ukhuseleko lwekhompyuter alukho nje malunga nesoftware kunye nehardware, kodwa nangabasebenzisi. Kubalulekile ukufundisa bonke abasebenzisi ukuze bazazi iingozi ezinokubakho kwaye bazi ukuba bangaziphepha njani. Oku kuquka ukungavuli ii-imeyile ezikrokrisayo, ukungacofa kuqhagamshelo olungaziwayo okanye oluthandabuzekayo okanye oluncamatheleyo, kunye nokungakhutshelwa kwesoftware kwimithombo engathembekanga.
Ukwengeza kwi la macebiso, unokuqwalasela ezinye iindlela zokukhusela, ezifana nokusebenzisa uxhumano lwe-VPN xa uxhuma kwi-intanethi, ukwenza i-backups rhoqo yedatha yakho ebalulekileyo, kunye nokusebenzisa iiphasiwedi ezinamandla. Khumbula ukuba uthintelo ngundoqo ekugcineni ikhompyuter yakho ingenantsholongwane kwaye isebenza kakuhle.
NdinguSebastián Vidal, injineli yekhompyuter ethanda itekhnoloji kunye ne-DIY. Ngaphaya koko, ndingumdali we tecnobits.com, apho ndabelana ngee-tutorials ukwenza itekhnoloji ifikeleleke kwaye iqondeke kumntu wonke.