Ehlabathini eliya liqhagamshelwa ngakumbi kwaye livezwe kwizoyikiso ze-intanethi, kubalulekile ukuba nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo ukukhusela ubumfihlo bethu kunye nokhuseleko. Inyathelo elisebenzayo nelisebenzayo lokugcina abasebenzisi abangafunwayo bay kukuthintela iidilesi ze-IP kwiPC yethu. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ubuchule kunye neendlela eziyimfuneko ukufezekisa le njongo, kukunika ulawulo olupheleleyo malunga nokuba ngubani onokufikelela kwinethiwekhi yakho kunye nezixhobo ze-intanethi. Ukusuka ekwazini umbono osisiseko weedilesi ze-IP ukuya ekusebenziseni isoftware ekhethekileyo, siya kufumanisa ukuba ungazivimba njani ii-IPs kwiPC yakho kwaye ukhusele indawo yakho yedijithali. Ungaphinde uchithe ixesha kwaye ufunde ukukhusela inethiwekhi yakho namhlanje!
Uyivala njani i-IPs kwiPC yam
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvala ii-IPs kwiPC yakho, nokuba ukuphepha ukuhlaselwa abahlaseli okanye ukunqanda ukufikelela kwiiwebhusayithi ezithile. Nazi ezinye iinketho onokuzisebenzisa ukwenza lo msebenzi.
1. Umlilo: Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokuvala ii-IPs kukusebenzisa i-firewall yakho. Ungasebenzisa i-firewall eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi inkqubo yakho yokusebenza okanye faka isoftwe eyongezelelweyo yomlilo Kufuneka wongeze idilesi ye-IP ofuna ukuyivala kuluhlu lwemithetho yokhuseleko lwakho. Oku kuya kuthintela iipakethi zedatha ezivela kuloo IP ekungeneni kwinethiwekhi okanye kwikhompyuter yakho.
2. Ifayile yomamkeli: Enye indlela yokuvala ii-IPs kukusebenzisa ifayile yenginginya yakho. inkqubo yokwenza. Le fayile ikuvumela ukuba unikeze amagama wendawo kwiidilesi ezithile ze IP. Unokongeza idilesi ye-IP ofuna ukuyivala kule fayile kwaye uyinike igama lesizinda elingekhoyo. Ngale ndlela, xa umntu ezama ukufikelela kwelo gama lesizinda, baya kuthunyelwa kwidilesi ye-IP engekhoyo.
3. IP yokuvala iSoftware: Kukho iinkqubo ezinikezelwe ngokukodwa ekuthinteleni ii-IPs. Ezi nkqubo zikuvumela ukuba ukhethe idilesi ye-IP ofuna ukuyivala kwaye uyivale ngokusisigxina. Ezinye ii-apps zikwabonelela ngeempawu eziphambili ezinjengokuthintela uluhlu lweedilesi ze-IP okanye ukuvalela okwethutyana ii-IPs. Ungafumana iinketho ezahlukeneyo zesoftware yokuvalwa kwe-IP kwi-Intanethi, uqinisekisa ukuba ukhetha enye ethembekileyo nekhuselekileyo.
Yintoni I-IP ivalela kwaye kutheni ibalulekile?
Ukuvalwa kwe-IP yindlela yokukhusela esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwintsimi ye-computing kunye neenethiwekhi. Ibandakanya ukuthintela ukufikelela kwidilesi ethile ye-IP okanye uluhlu lweedilesi ze-IP ngenkqubo okanye inethiwekhi.
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba kutheni i-IP blocking ibalulekile kwindawo yetekhnoloji. Okokuqala, lo mlinganiselo ukhusela iinkqubo kunye nothungelwano kuhlaselo lwe-cyber olunokwenzeka. Ngokuvala i-IP enobungozi, ithintelwe ekufikeleleni kwimithombo yenethiwekhi kwaye ibangele umonakalo okanye ukubiwa kolwazi olubucayi.
Ukongeza, i-IP blocking iluncedo ukuthintela ukufikelela okungafunekiyo kwiinkonzo ezithintelweyo okanye umxholo. Umzekelo, ukuba iwebhusayithi Ukuba ufuna ukunciphisa ukufikelela kubasebenzisi abathile okanye imimandla yejografi, unokuseta iibhloko ze-IP ukuthintela abantu abangagunyaziswanga ukuba bafikelele kumxholo wakho. Ngale ndlela, kuqinisekisiwe ukuba abasebenzisi abavunyelweyo kuphela abanokonwabela iinkonzo okanye ulwazi olunikezelwayo.
Iingenelo zokuvala ii-IPs kwiPC yakho
Ukhuseleko kwiPC yakho Yinkxalabo eqhubekayo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje ledijithali. Esinye sezona zisombululo zisebenzayo zokugcina inkqubo yakho ikhuselekile kukuvala ii-IP ezingafunekiyo. Kodwa ziziphi iingenelo zalo mlinganiselo? Qhubeka ufunda ukuze uzifumane!
1. Ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo: Ukuvala ii-IPs kwiPC yakho kukuvumela ukuba ube nolawulo olukhulu lokuba ngubani onokufikelela kwinethiwekhi yakho kunye nedatha yakho. Ngokuvala ii-IP ezithile, unokuthintela uhlaselo lwe-cyber kwaye uthintele abasebenzisi abakhohlakeleyo ukuba bazame ukufikelela kulwazi lwakho oluyimfihlo.
2. Ukhuseleko kwi-spam kunye ne-bots: Ukuvala ii-IPs akukhuseli kuphela kubaduni, kodwa nakwi-spam ecaphukisayo kunye ne-automated bots. Ngokuvala ii-IP ezaziwa ngokuthumela ugaxekile, unokunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo inani le-imeyli ze-spam kwaye uqinisekise amava alula xa uphequlula i-Intanethi.
3. Ukulungiswa kwezixhobo: Ngokuvala ii-IP ezingafunekiyo, uya kukhusela i-bandwidth yakho kunye nemithombo yenethiwekhi ekusetyenzisweni ngabasebenzisi abakrokrelayo okanye abangathandekiyo. Oku kuguqulela kwizantya zonxibelelwano olukhawulezayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwePC yakho, kuba izixhobo zakho zabelwe kuphela kubasebenzisi abathembekileyo nabasemthethweni.
Uzichonga njani ii-IPs ezikrokrelekayo
Xa ubrawuza i-Intanethi, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ii-IPs ezikrokrelekayo ukukhusela ukhuseleko lwethu lwe-intanethi kunye nobumfihlo.
Nanga amanye amacebiso okuchonga nokuphatha ii-IP ezikrokrelekayo:
1. Phonononga iilog zomsebenzi:
Phonononga umncedisi wakho okanye iilog zomsebenzi weqonga ukuze uchonge iidilesi ze-IP ezingaziwayo okanye ezingaqhelekanga. Ezi zinokubonisa uhlaselo olunokwenzeka okanye iinzame zokungena. Nika ingqwalasela eyodwa kumsebenzi okrokrelayo, njengemizamo yokungena ezininzi okanye ufikelelo olungagunyaziswanga kwiindawo ezithintelweyo.
2. Yenza uphendlo olubuyela umva:
Sebenzisa izixhobo ze-intanethi ukwenza ujongo olubuyela umva lwe-IP ekrokrisayo. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba uchonge ukuba yeyenkampani esemthethweni okanye ukuba inxulunyaniswe nemisebenzi engalunganga. Unokujonga kwakhona ilizwe lemvelaphi ye-IP ukuvavanya inqanaba lomngcipheko.
3. Vimba ii-IPs ezikrokrelekayo:
Nje ukuba ii-IP ezikrokrelekayo zichongiwe, cinga ngokuzithintela kwi-firewall yakho okanye iseva ukunqanda ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga. Sebenzisa izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo ukunqanda uhlaselo kunye nokungena, kwaye ugcine iinkqubo zakho kunye nezicelo ezihlaziyiweyo ukuthoba ubuthathaka obunokwenzeka.
Iindlela zokuvala ii-IPs kwiPC yakho
Yiba neendlela ezisebenzayo zokuvala iidilesi ze-IP ezingafunekiyo kwiPC yakho kunokubaluleka ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwedatha yakho. Ngethamsanqa, kukho iindlela ezininzi ezikhoyo eziya kukuvumela ukuba uthintele ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga kwaye unciphise umngcipheko onokwenzeka. Ngezantsi zintathu iindlela ezisebenzayo zokuvala ii-IPs kwiPC yakho:
1. I-firewall yenkqubo esebenzayo:
Enye yezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kusetyenziso lwe-firewall yenkqubo yokusebenza. Zombini iiWindows kunye ne-macOS zibandakanya izixhobo zomthonyama zomlilo ezikuvumela ukuba ukhethe ngokukhetha iidilesi ezithile ze-IP. Olu lungelelwaniso lunokwenziwa ngojongano lwemizobo yenkqubo yokusebenza, apho unokhetho lokongeza imithetho yokucoca ukuvala ii-IP ezithile okanye uluhlu olupheleleyo. I-firewall yenkqubo yokusebenza inikeza ukhuseleko olusisiseko kodwa olusebenzayo.
2. Utilizar software de seguridad:
Enye inketho kukusebenzisa isoftware yokhuseleko oluphezulu olubonelela ngemisebenzi yokuthintela i-IP. Ezi zixhobo zihlala zigqibelele kwaye zibhetyebhetye, zikuvumela ukuba uqwalasele imithetho ethile yokuthintela kunye nokubonelela ngolawulo olukhulu kunxibelelwano lwakho. Ezi nkqubo zikuvumela ukuba uhlalutye umsebenzi wenethiwekhi ngokubanzi, uchonge izoyikiso kwaye uvimbele ii-IP ezinobungozi ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi. Kubalulekile ukukhetha isoftware ethembekileyo nehlaziyiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olwaneleyo.
3. Guqula ifayile yenginginya:
Ukutshintsha ifayile yenginginya kwiPC yakho yenye indlela esebenzayo yokuvala ii-IP ezingafunekiyo. Le fayile isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa iidilesi ze-IP kunye namagama wendawo kwaye ungahlela ngesandla ukuqondisa kwakhona izicelo kwidilesi ye-IP engasebenziyo okanye yendawo. Ngokongeza idilesi ye-IP ofuna ukuyivala kunye nesizinda, uyakuthintela iPC yakho ekufikeleleni kwisiza esikhankanyiweyo. Khumbula ukuba ukwenza utshintsho kule fayile kufuna iimvume zomlawuli kwinkqubo yakho yokusebenza.
Ukusebenzisa i-firewall ukuvala ii-IPs
Ukusebenzisa i-firewall yindlela efanelekileyo yokukhusela inethiwekhi yethu kwiingozi zangaphandle. Enye yezona zinto zinamandla kakhulu kwi-firewall kukukwazi ukuvala ii-IP ezinobungozi. Lo msebenzi usivumela ukuba sithintele ukufikelela kuthungelwano lwethu, sithintele uhlaselo olunokwenzeka kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kolwazi lwethu.
Ukuvala i-IP ethile kwi-firewall yethu, kufuneka siqale sifikelele kuqwalaselo lwayo. Xa singaphakathi, kufuneka sijonge icandelo elithi "Firewall Rules" okanye "IP Blocking". Kweli candelo, siya kuba nenketho yokongeza kunye nokuhlela imithetho ukuvala ii-IP ngabanye okanye kumaqela.
Xa udala umgaqo wokuvala i-IP, kufuneka uchaze ngokubanzi idilesi ye-IP ofuna ukuyivimba kwaye ukhethe isenzo sokuthatha. Olona khetho luqhelekileyo lubandakanya vala itrafikhi engenayo nephumayo o buyisela itrafikhi kwenye indawo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukuvimba i-IP kunokuchaphazela bonke abasebenzisi okanye iinkqubo eziyisebenzisayo, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqinisekise ulwazi ngaphambi kokufaka naluphi na utshintsho.
Ukuvala ii-IPs kwinethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya irutha
Linyathelo lokhuseleko elisebenzayo ukukhusela inethiwekhi yakho ekungeneni okungafunekiyo kwaye uthintele ukufikelela ngaphandle kwemvume izixhobo zakho kunye nedatha. Ngokuvala iidilesi ezithile ze-IP, unokulawula ukuba zeziphi izixhobo ezinokufikelela kuthungelwano lwakho kwaye uqinisekise ukuba izixhobo ezivunyelweyo kuphela ezinokunxibelelana nayo.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuvala ii-IPs kwi-router. Enye inketho kukusebenzisa idilesi ye-IP yokucoca idilesi ukuvala iidilesi ezithile ze-IP okanye uluhlu olupheleleyo lweedilesi ze-IP. Oku Ingenziwa ukuqwalasela imithetho yodonga lomlilo oluvala nayiphi na itrafikhi evela kwezo dilesi ze IP.
Enye inketho kukusebenzisa i-blacklist ye-router, apho unokongeza iidilesi ze-IP ofuna ukubhloka kwaye i-router iya kuvala ngokuzenzekelayo nayiphi na i-traffic evela kwezo dilesi. Olu khetho luluncedo ukuba unoluhlu oluchazwe kwangaphambili lweedilesi ze IP ofuna ukuzivala ngokusisigxina.
Okubalulekileyo, kunokunceda kakhulu ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yakho. Nangona kunjalo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujonge rhoqo iilogi zomsebenzi we-router kwaye wenze uhlaziyo lokhuseleko rhoqo ukugcina inethiwekhi yakho ikhuselwe kwizisongelo ezintsha.
Ukuvala ii-IPs kwizicelo kunye neenkqubo ezithile
Ukuphunyezwa linyathelo lokhuseleko elisisiseko ukukhusela iinkqubo ezinovakalelo kunye neenkcukacha. Oku kusebenza kukuvumela ukuba uthintele ukufikelela kubasebenzisi abathile okanye amaqela athile, ngaloo ndlela uthintela uhlaselo olunokwenzeka okanye ukuxhatshazwa okubonakalayo. Ukongeza, i-IP blocking ikwanceda ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwenkqubo ngabasebenzisi abakhohlakeleyo.
Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zokusebenzisa i-IP blocking kukukwazi ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa ngamandla. Ngokunciphisa okanye ukuvala uluhlu oluthile lweedilesi ze-IP ezaziwa ngokuqhuba olo hlaselo, unciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba abahlaseli baphumelele ekuzameni ukuqikelela amagama agqithisiweyo okanye bafumane ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga kwinkqubo.
Ukuphumeza i, kukho izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela ezikhoyo. Ngezantsi sigxininisa ezinye iinketho ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi:
- Listas de bloqueo: Ngokusebenzisa izintlu zebhloko ze-IP, ungacacisa ukuba zeziphi iidilesi ze-IP ekufuneka zivaliwe kwaye zeziphi na onokuzivumela. Olu luhlu lunokugcinwa luhlaziyiwe ngesandla okanye kusetyenziswa iinkonzo zeqela lesithathu ezilandelela kwaye zihlele ii-IP ezinobungozi.
- Iifirewall: Ukumisela imithetho ye-firewall ukuvala iidilesi ezithile ze-IP yenye indlela esebenzayo yokunqanda ukufikelela okungafunekiyo. I-firewall inokubeka iliso kwaye ilawule i-traffic engenayo nephumayo, ivumela okanye ikhanyele uxhulumaniso olusekelwe kumthombo okanye kwiidilesi ze-IP.
- Iiplagi kunye namathala eencwadi: Uninzi lwezicelo kunye neenkqubo zibonelela ngeeplagi okanye iilayibrari ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa ukuvalwa kwe-IP. Ezi zisombululo zinokudibaniswa lula kwikhowudi ekhoyo kwaye zinikeze indlela efanelekileyo yokulawula iibhloko ze-IP ngaphakathi kwesicelo okanye inkqubo.
Ukubaluleka kokugcina uluhlu oluhlaziyiweyo lwee-IP ezivaliweyo
Ilaphu le-cybersecurity lifuna uluhlu oluhlaziyiweyo lwee-IPs ezivaliweyo ukunqanda izoyikiso ezingafunekiyo kunye nohlaselo. Olu luhlu, olukwabizwa ngokuba luluhlu olumnyama, sisixhobo esisisiseko saso nasiphi na isicwangciso sokhuselo kwihlabathi ledijithali. Ukugcina uluhlu oluhlaziyiweyo lwe-IPs oluvaliweyo lubalulekile ekukhuseleni iinkqubo, uthungelwano, kunye nedatha eyimfihlo evela kwizinto ezinokubakho. Yinto ebalulekileyo kumlo ochasene ne-malware, iinzame zokugqekeza kunye nalo naluphi na uhlobo lomsebenzi ongalunganga we-intanethi.
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba kutheni kubalulekile ukugcina olu luhlu luhlaziyiwe. Okokuqala, uluhlu lwe-block ye-IP oluhlaziyiweyo luthintela ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga kwimithombo ekhuselweyo. Ngokuvala ii-IP ezaziwa ukuba zisetyenziswe ngabahlaseli okanye ukuba zidibaniswe nemisebenzi ekrokrisayo, ukungena kwezi arhente ezinobungozi kwisiseko sombutho kuthintelwe. Oku akukhuseli kuphela idatha ebuthathaka, kodwa kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okungafunekiyo.
Uluhlu oluhlaziyiweyo lwee-IPs ezivaliweyo zikwanceda ekubhaqweni kwangaphambili kweepateni ezikrokrelayo kunye nokuziphatha. kwi-intanethi. Ngokubeka iliso rhoqo kwimisebenzi erekhodiweyo kuluhlu lwe-IP oluvaliweyo, kunokwenzeka ukuchonga iintsingiselo kunye nokufumanisa izisongelo ezivelayo ezinokubakho. Olu lwazi lungasetyenziselwa ukomeleza ngakumbi imilinganiselo yokhuseleko kunye nokulungelelanisa imigaqo-nkqubo yokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo. Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuhlalutya ilogi kunye nokulungelelaniswa kweziganeko kunye noluhlu lwee-IP ezivaliweyo zinokunceda ukuchonga ukungena kunye nokuhlaselwa. ngexesha langempela, ukuvumela impendulo ekhawulezileyo nesebenzayo.
Ukuqukumbela, ukugcina uluhlu oluhlaziyiweyo lwee-IPs ezivaliweyo kubaluleke kakhulu kwintsimi ye-cybersecurity. Ayikhuseli kuphela iinkqubo ezinovakalelo kunye nedatha ekungeneni okungafunekiyo, kodwa ikwanceda ekubhaqweni kwangaphambili kweepateni ezikrokrisayo kunye nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwiingozi ezinokubakho. Ukuphunyezwa kwayo kunye namanye amanyathelo okhuseleko afanelekileyo kubalulekile ukugcina ingqibelelo yeziseko ezingundoqo zedijithali kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokusebenza kwemibutho. Gcina olo luhlu lusexesheni kwaye womeleze umgca wakho wokuzikhusela ngokuchasene nabadlali abakhohlakeleyo kwiwebhu.
Izixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokuvala ii-IPs ngokufanelekileyo
Kwihlabathi lokhuseleko lwe-intanethi, kubalulekile ukuba nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye neenkqubo ezisivumela ukuba sithintele ii-IPs. ngempumelelo. Ukhuseleko lweenkqubo zethu kunye nothungelwano yinto ephambili, kwaye ukuphumeza oku, kufuneka sibhenele kwizisombululo ezikhethekileyo. Nazi ezinye iinketho ezinokuba luncedo kakhulu:
Izixhobo zeFirewall:
- iptables: Lo ngumlilo onamandla kakhulu kwaye osetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zeLinux. Ikuvumela ukuba uthintele okanye uvumele itrafikhi ngokusekwe kwimithetho ethile, kuquka ii-IPs. Ukucwangciswa kwayo kufuna ulwazi lobugcisa, kodwa inika ulawulo olukhulu kunye nokuguquguquka.
- Windows Defender Firewall: Kubasebenzisi beWindows, esi sixhobo senkqubo yemveli sibonelela ngokhuseleko olusisiseko. Ikuvumela ukuba uvimbele ii-IP zombini kwinqanaba lesicelo nakwinqanaba lenethiwekhi, kwaye uqwalaselo lwayo lunokwenziwa nge-intuitive graphical interface.
Iinkqubo ezichasene neDDoS:
- Cloudflare: Ukongeza ekunikezeni iinkonzo ze-CDN, i-Cloudflare inomsebenzi wokukhusela i-DDoS. Ukuphunyezwa kwayo kulula kwaye kuyasebenza, kuba ichonga ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ivalela ii-IP ezinobungozi, igcina ukuqhubekeka kwenkonzo.
- Fail2Ban: Le nkqubo isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiiseva zeLinux. Ibona iipatheni zokuziphatha ezikrokrisayo kwaye ivala ngokuzenzekelayo ii-IP ezihambelanayo Inokuqwalaselwa ukukhusela iinkonzo ezifana ne-SSH, i-FTP okanye i-Apache, phakathi kwabanye.
Usetyenziso Lokhuseleko Lwenethiwekhi:
- Snort: Isixhobo esinamandla sokufumanisa i-intrusion, i-Snort inokulungiswa ukuvala ii-IP ezibandakanyekayo kwimisebenzi ekrokrelayo okanye enobungozi. Oku kunceda ukuthintela uhlaselo kunye nokuqinisekisa imfezeko yothungelwano lwethu.
- PfSense: Njengesisombululo esipheleleyo sokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi, i-PfSense ikuvumela ukuba uvimbele ngokufanelekileyo ii-IPs ngeemodyuli zayo ezininzi. Ukongeza, ibonelela ngeempawu eziphambili ezinje ngeVPN, ukuhluzwa komxholo, kunye nokulinganisa umthwalo.
Iingqwalasela ezibalulekileyo xa uvala ii-IPs kwiPC yakho
Xa uvala ii-IPs kwiPC yakho, kubalulekile ukuthathela ingqalelo ezinye ingqwalasela engundoqo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo yakho. Nantsi imiba ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqwalasele:
1. Chonga ii-IPs ezikrokrelekayo: Ngaphambi kokuvala nayiphi na idilesi ye-IP, kubalulekile ukuchonga ii-IP ezimele isongelo. Unokusebenzisa izixhobo zokubeka iliso kwinethiwekhi ukuhlalutya i-traffic kwaye ufumane umsebenzi onobungozi. Ukongezelela, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuphandwe kwaye kuqinisekiswe imvelaphi yee-IPs ngaphambi kokuba zivinjwe, kuba zinokuba zeenkonzo ezisemthethweni.
2. Sebenzisa i-firewall ethembekileyo: Ukuvala ii-IPs ngempumelelo, kubalulekile ukuba nefirewall ethembekileyo. Kukho iinketho ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo, zombini isoftware kunye nehardware, ekuvumela ukuba ucofe kwaye uvale itrafikhi engafunwayo. Qinisekisa ukuba uqwalasela kakuhle i-firewall yakho ukuvala ii-IP ezichongiweyo njengeziyingozi.
3. Hlaziya rhoqo izintlu zakho zeebhloko: Kwi-Intanethi Izoyikiso zihlala zivela, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukugcina uluhlu lwebhloko yakho lusexesheni. Jonga imithombo ethembekileyo yoluhlu lwee-IP ezinobungozi kwaye uqiniseke ukuba uyazihlaziya rhoqo kwi-firewall yakho. Ukongeza, cinga ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zokhuseleko ezibonelela ngohlaziyo loluhlu lwebhloko oluzenzekelayo ukugcina ukhuselekile kwiingozi ezintsha.
Iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo zokukhusela iPC yakho ngokuvala ii-IPs
Ukongeza ekuthinteleni IPs ukukhusela iPC yakho, kukho ezinye iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo ezinokuqinisa ngakumbi ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yakho. Nanga amanye amacebiso onokuwasebenzisa:
Sebenzisa i-firewall eyomeleleyo: Qinisekisa ukuba une-firewall ethembekileyo nehlaziyiweyo. I-firewall isebenza njengesithintelo phakathi kwePC yakho kunye nehlabathi langaphandle, ukubeka iliso kwitrafikhi yenethiwekhi kunye nokuthintela naluphi na uqhagamshelo olungagunyaziswanga. Lungisa i-firewall yakho ukuvala zombini uqhagamshelo olungenayo noluphumayo kwii-IPs ezikrokrelekayo.
Gcina isoftware yakho ihlaziyiwe: Ukugcina inkqubo yakho yokusebenza, iibhrawuza zewebhu, kunye nosetyenziso lusexesheni kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ubuthathaka kwiPC yakho. Olu hlaziyo alongezi kuphela iimpawu ezintsha, kodwa lukwalungise neebugs kunye nemingxunya yokhuseleko. Khumbula ukwenza ukhetho lohlaziyo oluzenzekelayokwaye ujonge rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba unoguqulelo lwamva nje lwesoftware nganye.
Cinga ngokusebenzisa uluhlu olumnyama: Omnye umlinganiselo onokuthi uwuthathe kukusebenzisa uluhlu olumnyama lwee-IPs ezaziwa ngokuba zinxulumene nemisebenzi engalunganga. Olu luhlu lunokubandakanya iidilesi ze-IP ze-bots, abahlaseli, kunye neeseva ze-spam. Qhagamshelana nomboneleli wakho wokhuseleko othembekileyo ukuze ufunde ukuba loluphi uluhlu lwabamnyama olulungele ukuseta kwakho kunye nendlela yokuluphumeza kwinkqubo yakho.
Uyivula njani i-IP ebivaliwe ngaphambili kwiPC yakho
Xa idilesi ye-IP ivaliwe kwi-PC yakho, inokukhathaza kwaye inciphise, kodwa ngethamsanqa, kukho iindlela zokuyivula. Apha sibonisa ezinye izisombululo eziza kukunceda ufikelele kwi-IP evaliweyo kwakhona:
1. Qala kwakhona i-router yakho
Indlela elula yokuvula i-IP kukuqalisa kwakhona umzila wakho. Cima i-router kwaye uyishiye ivuliwe imizuzu embalwa. Emva koko, yivule kwaye ulinde ukuba uqhagamshelo luphinde lumiselwe. Oku kunokunceda ukususa naziphi na iibhloko zexeshana kwaye uvumele i-IP ukuba ivulwe ngokuzenzekelayo.
2. Qwalasela imigaqo yomlilo
Ukuba i-IP ivaliwe kwi-firewall yePC yakho, ungazama ukuguqula imithetho yokhuseleko ukuyivula. Yiya kuseto lwe-firewall kwaye ujonge uluhlu lweedilesi ze-IP ezivaliweyo. Susa idilesi ye-IP ofuna ukuyivula kolu luhlu okanye udibanise umthetho wangaphandle ukuvumela ufikelelo kulaa IP ithile.
3. Qhagamshelana nomboneleli wesevisi ye-Intanethi
Kwezinye iimeko, i-IP inokuvalwa ngenxa yezizathu zangaphandle, njengezenzo ezithathwe ngumboneleli wesevisi ye-Intanethi. Ukuba uzame la manyathelo angentla ngaphandle kwempumelelo, sincoma ukuba uqhagamshelane ne-ISP yakho kwaye uchaze imeko kubo.
Imibuzo neempendulo
Umbuzo: Kuthetha ukuthini "ukuvala ii-IPs kwiPC yam"?
A: "Vimba ii-IPs kwi-PC yam" ibhekisa kwisenzo sokuqwalasela inkqubo yokuthintela iidilesi ezithile ze-IP ekufikeleleni kwikhompyuter yakho okanye kwinethiwekhi. Oku kuqhele ukwenziwa ngeenkqubo zomlilo okanye ezinye izixhobo zokhuseleko.
Umbuzo: Kutheni umntu efuna ukuvala i-IP kwiPC yakhe?
A: Ukuvala i-IP kunokuba luncedo ekukhuseleni inethiwekhi okanye ikhompyuter yakho kunxibelelwano olungafunekiyo, uhlaselo olukhohlakeleyo, okanye i-traffic engagunyaziswanga. Ingasetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukufikelela kwiiwebhusayithi ezithile okanye ukuvimba ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo ezithile.
Q: Ngawaphi amanyathelo ekufuneka ndiwalandele ukuvala i-IP kwiPC yam?
A: Inkqubo yokuvala i-IP kwiPC yakho inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo oyisebenzisayo. Ngokubanzi, amanye amanyathelo aqhelekileyo anokulandelwa ngala:
1. Chonga idilesi ye-IP ofuna ukuyivala.
2. Vula inkqubo yomlilo okanye isixhobo sokhuseleko kwiPC yakho.
3. Jonga ukhetho »Vala iidilesi ze-IP» okanye umsebenzi ofanayo.
4. Ngenisa idilesi ye-IP ofuna ukuyivimba kuluhlu lwebhloko.
5. Gcina utshintsho kwaye uvale inkqubo.
Q: Ndingayifumana njani idilesi ye-IP endifuna ukuyivala?
A: Unokufumana idilesi ye-IP ofuna ukuyivala ngeendlela ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo kukukhangela isiganeko sokungena kwi-firewall yakho okanye isixhobo sokhuseleko, apho uxhulumaniso olungenayo lurekhodwa. Unokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhoyo kwi-intanethi ezibonisa iidilesi ze-IP eziqhagamshelwe kuthungelwano okanye ikhompyutha yakho.
Umbuzo: Ngaba kukho umngcipheko wokuthintela i-IP engalunganga?
A: Ewe, kukho loo ngozi. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele xa uvala ii-IP kwaye uqinisekise ukuba uvimba idilesi ye-IP echanekileyo. Ukuthintela i-IP engalunganga kunokukhokelela ekuthinteleni ukufikelela okusemthethweni okanye kubangela imiba yoqhagamshelwano. Kunconywa ukuba uhlolisise ngenyameko idilesi ye-IP ngaphambi kokuyivimba.
Umbuzo: Ngaba ndingavula i-IP emva kokuyivimba?
A: Ewe, uqhele ukuvulela i-IP emva kokuyinqanda. Inkqubo ihlala ifana, ukufikelela kwiprogram ye-firewall okanye isixhobo sokhuseleko kunye nokususa idilesi ye-IP kuluhlu lwebhloko. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba kutheni uye wavala i-IP kwasekuqaleni kwaye uqwalasele naziphi na iingozi ezinokubakho ngaphambi kokuba uyivule.
Ukuququmbela
Ngamafutshane, ukuvala ii-IPs kwiPC yakho kunokuba sisixhobo esiluncedo sokugcina ukhuseleko lwe-intanethi kunye nobumfihlo. Nokuba ukhusela inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya okanye ujongene nezoyikiso zokhuseleko ezinokubakho, ukuvala ii-IPs kunokukunika ulawulo olukhulu lokuba ngubani onokufikelela kwikhompyuter yakho kunye nedatha. Ngokulandela amanyathelo kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhankanywe kweli nqaku, uya kuba endleleni yakho yokuvala ii-IP ezingafunekiyo kunye nokugcina indawo ekhuselekileyo yedijithali. Ngalo lonke ixesha khumbula ukugcina izixhobo zakho zihlaziyiwe kwaye usebenzise amagama ayimfihlo aqinileyo ukunqanda naluphi na ulwaphulo lokhuseleko. Zive ukhululekile ukujonga ezinye iinketho kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo ukuze wenze ngokwezifiso amava akho okuthintela i-IP kwiPC yakho!
NdinguSebastián Vidal, injineli yekhompyuter ethanda itekhnoloji kunye ne-DIY. Ngaphaya koko, ndingumdali we tecnobits.com, apho ndabelana ngee-tutorials ukwenza itekhnoloji ifikeleleke kwaye iqondeke kumntu wonke.