Yintoni i-XMP/EXPO kunye nendlela yokuyenza isebenze ngokukhuselekileyo

Xa usakha iPC, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva ubhideke kancinane ngamagama anje I-XMP/EXPO, iJEDEC okanye iiprofayili zememoriUjonge kwibhokisi ye-RAM yakho, ubone amanani afana ne-6000 MHz, CL30, 1,35 V… kwaye emva koko ungene kwi-BIOS kwaye yonke into ibonakala kwi-4800 MHz. Ngaba ukhe waqhathwa? Akunjalo konke konke: kufuneka uvule itekhnoloji echanekileyo.

Kweli nqaku siza kuthetha ngokuzolileyo oko bakuko I-Intel XMP kunye ne-AMD EXPO: basebenza njani, yintoni umahluko phakathi kwabo, kunye nendlela yokuyenza isebenzeUmbono kukuba uqonde ukuba kutheni imemori yakho ingasebenzi njengoko ipapashiwe kwaye kufuneka uhlengahlengise ntoni (ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izinto) ukuze ufumane ezo megahertz zongezelelweyo ozihlawuleleyo.

Yintoni iJEDEC kwaye kutheni i-RAM yakho "icotha" kunoko ikutshoyo kwibhokisi?

Xa ufaka ikiti yememori kwikhompyuter yakho, uqwalaselo olusemgangathweni oluchazwa yi JEDEC intsingiselo yegama, umbutho obeka iinkcukacha ezisemthethweni ze-RAMEzi nkcukacha ziseta "zikhuselekile" iifrikhwensi, ii-voltages, kunye ne-latencies ukuba nayiphi na ibhodi yomama kunye neprosesa kufuneka ikwazi ukusingatha ngaphandle kweengxaki.

Yiyo loo nto uza kubona iireferensi ezifana DDR4-2133, DDR4-2666 okanye DDR5-4800Ezi zizantya ezisisiseko ezisemgangathweni, ezihambelana nayo yonke into. Iimodyuli zibandakanya iiprofayili ezininzi ze-JEDEC ezinamaza ahlukeneyo olondolozo kunye namaxabiso exesha kwi-chip yabo ye-SPD (i-Serial Presence Detect).

Ubuqhetseba kukuba iikiti ezininzi ezisebenza kakhulu zithengisa, umzekelo, I-DDR5-6000 CL30 okanye i-DDR4-3600 CL16Kodwa loo manani ayingawo awe-JEDEC iiprofayili, kodwa kuqwalaselo olugqithisileyo olugcinwe ngokwahlukeneyo kusetyenziswa i-XMP okanye i-EXPO.

Ukuba awuvuli naziphi na iiprofayili eziphambili, imotherboard iya kuhlala "ikhuselekile" kwiprofayile yeJEDEC kwaye inkumbulo yakho iya kuchaphazeleka. Iya kusebenza ngesantya esisezantsi okanye nge-latency encinci. Oku kuchasene noko kuboniswa yintengiso yomenzi. Ayisosiphene; kukuziphatha okucetywayo ukuqinisekisa ukuqaliswa kunye nokuhambelana nakweliphi iqonga.

Yintoni i-Intel XMP (iProfayili yeMemori egqithisileyo)?

Intel XMP, isifinyezo se Iprofayile yeMemori ye-Intel eXinsayoYitekhnoloji eyenziwe yi-Intel ekuvumela ukuba ugcine iiprofayili ezininzi eziqinisekisiweyo zokugqithisa ngaphezulu kwi-RAM ngokwayo: ukuphindaphinda, ukubambezeleka kunye nombane olungele ukusetyenziswa ngokucofa okumbalwa kwi-BIOS.

Umbono ulula: endaweni yokuba umsebenzisi afake ngesandla ixesha kunye ne-voltage nganye, imodyuli ibandakanya enye okanye ngaphezulu kweeprofayili ze-XMP ezivavanywe kwangaphambili. Ukuzivula kuvumela i-motherboard ukuba ilungelelanise useto ngokufanelekileyo. Ilungisa ngokuzenzekelayo zonke iiparamitha zememori. kumaxabiso aboniswe ngumenzi wekhithi.

Ezi profayili zingena kwinkqubo yokuqinisekisa: Umhlanganisi we-RAM uzivavanya ngokucokisekileyo, kwaye kwimeko ye-XMP, zikwajongwa ngokuchasene neemfuno ze-Intel. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba, kwithiyori, inkumbulo Kufuneka isebenze ngokuzinzileyo kwezo frikhwensi kunye ne-latencies. ngaphandle kokuba isilawuli sememori ye-CPU kunye nebhodi yomama iyasixhasa.

I-Intel XMP i umgangatho wobunikazi kunye nomthombo ovaliweyoNangona i-Intel ingadli ngokuhlawulisa umrhumo welayisensi ngokuthe ngqo kwimodyuli nganye, inkqubo yokuqinisekisa ilawulwa yinkampani kwaye iinkcukacha zokuqinisekisa azikho esidlangalaleni.

Ukutyhubela iminyaka, i-XMP iye yavela kwiinguqulelo ezininzi, ihamba kunye nezizukulwana ezahlukeneyo zememori ye-DDR, kwaye namhlanje umgangatho we-de facto kwiimodyuli eziphezulu zokusebenza zombini i-DDR4 kunye ne-DDR5.

Ukuvela kweXMP: ukusuka kwiDDR3 ukuya kwiDDR5

Iiprofayili ze-XMP zokuqala zavela malunga ne-2007, xa i i-DDR3 ephezuluKude kube lelo xesha, ukugqithisa i-RAM kwakuthetha ukungena kwi-BIOS, uvavanyo lwamaza, ukulungelelanisa amaxesha, ukusebenzisa amandla ombane amaninzi… kunye nokuwela iminwe yakho. I-XMP 1.0 ivumele imodyuli ngokwayo ukuba ize kunye nolungelelwaniso olunye okanye ezimbini "ezilungele ukusetyenziswa".

Xa kufika DDR4 malunga no-2014I-Intel yazisa i-XMP 2.0. Lo mgangatho owandisiweyo woqwalaselo okunokwenzeka, uphuculo lokuhambelana phakathi kweebhodi zoomama kunye nezixhobo zememori, kunye nokugcina eyona njongo iphambili: ukuba nawuphi na umsebenzisi angakwazi. Vula amandla okwenyani e-RAM yakho ngaphandle kokuba yingcali yokugqithisa.

Umtsi omkhulu weza nawo ukufika kweDDR5 kunye ne-Intel Alder Lake (isizukulwana se-12) abaqhubekisi. Yavela ngo-2021. XMP 3.0Oku kuvumele ukuya kuthi ga kwiiprofayili ezintlanu ukuba zibandakanywe kwimodyuli: ezintathu ezichazwe ngumenzi kunye nezimbini zihlelwa ngumsebenzisi. Ezi profayili zesiko zinokudalwa, zihlengahlengiswe, kwaye zigcinwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-RAM ngokwayo.

Enkosi kwi-XMP 3.0, iikiti ezininzi ze-DDR5 eziqinisekisiweyo zibhengeza amaza phezulu kakhulu, ngaphezulu kwe-5600, 6400 kwaye nokuba 8000 MT/sKubonelelwe ngeqonga (CPU kunye motherboard) ivumela oko. Abavelisi bakhetha iitshiphusi ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye noyilo olundlongondlongo, kodwa luzinzile, uqwalaselo.

Isishwankathelo, iiprofayili ze-XMP ziyindlela eqhelekileyo kwi-Intel (kunye nakwiibhodi ezininzi ze-AMD ngoguqulelo lwangaphakathi) ukuya. imemori ezenzekelayo overclockingukwenza ukuba kufikeleleke into ebifudula ikhethekile kubantu abathanda izinto eziphambili.

Yintoni i-AMD EXPO (Iiprofayili ezandisiweyo zoKugqithiswa)

Ngokufika kweeprosesa I-AMD Ryzen 7000 kunye neqonga le-AM5I-AMD igqibe kwelokuba iyeke ukuxhomekeka kwi-XMP "iinguqulelo" kwaye yazisa umgangatho wayo weprofayili yememori ye-DDR5: i-AMD EXPO, imfutshane kwiiProfayili ezongeziweyo ze-Overclocking.

Ngokwenyani, i-EXPO yenza into efanayo ne-XMP: igcina iprofayile enye okanye ngaphezulu kwi-RAM echazayo. Ukuphindaphinda, ukubambezeleka, kunye nombane olungiselelwe iiprosesa ze-AMDNgokubenza bakwazi kwi-BIOS/UEFI, i-motherboard icwangcisa ngokuzenzekelayo zonke iiparameters ukuze zifumane ukusebenza okungakumbi kwimemori.

Umahluko ophambili kukuba I-AMD EXPO ngumgangatho ovulekileyo, ongenamali yasebukhosiniNawuphi na umenzi wememori unokusebenzisa i-EXPO ngaphandle kokuhlawula iilayisensi kwi-AMD, kunye nedatha yokuqinisekisa imodyuli (xa ipapashwe ngumenzi) iyabonakala kwaye iyafikeleleka.

I-EXPO yenzelwe kwasekuqaleni kunye ne-DDR5 kunye noyilo lweeprosesa ze-Ryzen zangoku engqondweni: isilawuli sememori esidibeneyo, Infinity Fabric, ubudlelwane phakathi kobuninzi bememori kunye nebhasi yangaphakathi, njl. Ngoko ke, iiprofayili zeEXPO zidla ngokulungiswa ukuze zinike ulungelelwano oluhle kakhulu phakathi amaxesha amaninzi, ukubambezeleka, kunye nozinzo kumaqonga e-AMD.

Ukusukela namhlanje, i-EXPO ifumaneka kuphela Iimodyuli zeDDR5Awuyi kufumana i-DDR3 okanye i-DDR4 ngesi satifikethi, ngelixa i-XMP ikhona kuzo zonke izizukulwana ezithathu (DDR3, DDR4, kunye ne-DDR5).

XMP/EXPO Umahluko

Nangona ekusebenzeni zombini itekhnoloji ijolise kwinto enye-ukugqithisa ngokulula i-RAM - kukho izinto ezibalulekileyo phakathi kwazo. I-XMP kunye ne-EXPO ezibalulekileyo ukuba uziqonde nokuba uza kuthenga imemori entsha okanye wakhe iPC ukusuka ekuqaleni.

• I-trajectory kunye ne-ecosystemI-XMP ibikwintengiso iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi kwaye ikhona kwii-DDR3, DDR4, kunye ne-DDR5 kits. I-EXPO, kwelinye icala, yamva nje kwaye yaqala nge-DDR5 kunye ne-Ryzen 7000, nangona ukwamkelwa kwayo kukhula ngokukhawuleza.
• Ubume bomgangathoI-XMP ivaliwe: inkqubo yokuqinisekisa ilawulwa yi-Intel, kwaye iinkcukacha zangaphakathi azenziwanga esidlangalaleni. I-EXPO ivuliwe: abavelisi banokuyisebenzisa ngokukhululekileyo, kwaye ulwazi lweprofayili lunokubhalwa kwaye kuboniswane ngokuzimeleyo kwi-AMD.
• Ukuhambelana kunye nokwenza ngconoIkhithi ye-XMP isebenza ngokwesiqhelo kwii-Intel motherboards kwaye, ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji efana ne-DOCP (ASUS), EOCP (GIGABYTE), okanye i-A-XMP (MSI), nakwiibhodi zoomama ezininzi ze-AMD, nangona ingasoloko inoqwalaselo olufanelekileyo lweRyzen. Iikhithi ze-EXPO, kwelinye icala, zenzelwe ngokukodwa iibhodi ze-AMD ezinenkxaso ye-DDR5, kwaye ngokwethiyori, zinokusetyenziswa kumaqonga e-Intel ukuba umenzi webhodi yomama usebenzisa inkxaso, kodwa oku akuqhelekanga kwaye akuqinisekwanga.

Ukuziqhelanisa, uya kubona iikiti ze-DDR5 ezibhengeza kuphela i-XMP, ezinye ezibhengeza kuphela i-EXPO, kwaye ezininzi ezibandakanya XMP/EXPO iinkangeleko ezimbini kwimodyuli enye. Ezi zinomdla ngakumbi ukuba uceba ukutshintsha amaqonga kwixesha elizayo okanye ufuna ukuguquguquka okuphezulu.

Uyenza njani iprofayile ye-Intel XMP okanye ye-AMD EXPO kwi-BIOS/UEFI

I-XMP okanye i-EXPO isebenze phantse isoloko isenziwa kwi motherboard BIOS okanye UEFIInkqubo iyahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kumenzi, kodwa ingqiqo iyafana kuzo zonke iimeko kwaye igqitywe ngamanyathelo ambalwa.

1. Isinyathelo sokuqala kukungena kwi-BIOS ngexesha lokuqalisa ikhompyutha.Ngesiqhelo, ukucofa ngokulula Cima, F2, Esc, okanye esinye isitshixo esiboniswe yi-motherboard yakho siyakwanela, kanye emva kokuvula ikhompyuter yakho naphambi kokuba inkqubo yokusebenza ilayishe. Ukuba awuqinisekanga, incwadi ye-motherboard yakho iya kuchaza iqhosha elichanekileyo.
2. Xa sele ingaphakathi, iibhodi ezininzi ziqala ngokubonisa "Indlela Elula" enezona ndlela ziqhelekileyo. Kule modi, ukungena okubonakalayo okufana ne "XMP", "A-XMP", "EXPO", "DOCP", okanye "OC Tweaker" kuya kuvela ngokuqhelekileyo. Kule menyu, unokukhetha iprofayile ofuna ukuyisebenzisa (iProfayili ye-XMP 1, iProfayili ye-XMP yesi-2, i-EXPO I, i-EXPO II, njl.).
3. Ukuba i-BIOS yakho ayinayo imo eyenziwe lula, kuya kufuneka uye kumacandelo afana neAi Tweaker, Extreme Tweaker, OC, Advanced, okanye efanayo. kwaye ujonge icandelo elinikezelwe kwi-RAM. Apho uya kufumana inketho yokwenza iiprofayili ze-RAM overclocking kwaye ukhethe ukuba yeyiphi onokuyifaka.
4. Emva kokukhetha iprofayile efunekayo, konke okuseleyo kukugcina utshintsho kwaye uqalise kwakhona.Oku kuqhele ukwenziwa ngokucinezela F10 okanye ngokungenisa Gcina & Phuma menu. Ekuqaliseni kwakhona, i-RAM kufuneka isebenze ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye ne-latencies echazwe yiprofayili, ngaphandle kokuba indibaniselwano ye-CPU-motherboard iyayixhasa.

Ukusetyenziswa kwesoftware ukulawula iiprofayili zememori

Ngelixa kucetyiswa ukuba uhlengahlengise ezi parameters nge-BIOS/UEFI, kwezinye iimeko unokulawula iiprofayili zememori usebenzisa isoftware ekwinkqubo yokusebenza. Kwi-ecosystem ye-AMD, esona sixhobo saziwayo si... Umlawuli weRyzen.

I-Ryzen Master ikuvumela ukuba uguqule imiba ethile yoqwalaselo lweprosesa kwaye, kwezinye iinguqulelo, nazo. Lungisa isantya sememori kwaye usebenzise useto olusekwe kwi-EXPO ngaphandle kokufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-BIOS. Nangona kunjalo, naluphi na utshintsho olubalulekileyo kumaxesha kunye ne-voltage ihlala ifuna ukuhlaziya i-motherboard firmware.

Nokuba yeyiphi na indlela oyisebenzisayo, luluvo olulungileyo ukujonga amaxabiso asetyenzisiweyo emva koko ngezinto eziluncedo ezinje nge. CPU-Z, HWiNFO, okanye Windows Task Manager, apho unokubona khona i-frequency esebenzayo ("Isantya seMemori") kwaye uqinisekise ukuba iprofayili iyasebenza.

Ukuba ufumana ukungqubana, izikrini eziluhlaza, okanye ukuqalisa kwakhona emva kokuvula iprofayile enobundlongondlongo, ungabuyela kwi-BIOS kwaye tshintshela kwiprofayile ethambileyo okanye ubuyele kumaxabiso eJEDEC de ufumane indawo ezinzileyo yehardware yakho.

Gcina ukhumbula ukuba kwi-DDR5, iiprofayili eziphezulu ziqhele ukujoliswa ulungelelwaniso lweemodyuli ezimbiniUkuba ugcwalisa zonke iibhanki ezine, ibhodi inokunciphisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuphindaphinda okanye iprofayili egqithisileyo isenokungazinzi.

I-XMP kunye ne-EXPO iyahambelana ne-motherboards kunye neeprosesa

Ukuthatha ithuba kwezi profayili, udinga iziqwenga ezintathu ukulungelelanisa: Iimodyuli ze-RAM ezine-XMP/EXPO, i-motherboard ehambelanayo, kunye ne-CPU umlawuli wayo wenkumbulo uxhasa ezo zihlandlo.Ukuba nayiphi na kwezi zintathu iyasilela, iprofayili ayinakusebenza okanye inokusebenza ngokungazinzanga.

Ayizizo zonke ii-chipset ze-Intel ezivumela ukugqithiswa kwememori. Mid-to-high-end chipsets ezifana B560, Z590, B660, Z690, B760, Z790 kwaye ezifanayo ziyayixhasa, ngelixa ii-chipsets ezisisiseko ezifana ne-H510 okanye i-H610 zihlala zinciphisa i-RAM kwiinkcazo ze-JEDEC okanye umda omncinci kakhulu.

Kwi-AMD, zonke iibhodi ze-AM5 zenzelwe uthotho lwe-Ryzen 7000 yenkxaso ye-EXPO, kodwa kufuneka ujonge Uluhlu oluhambelana nebhodi yomama (QVL) ukubona ukuba zeziphi iikhithi esele zivavanyiwe kwaye zeziphi izantya eziphezulu ezizinzileyo ngokusemthethweni.

Omnye umba obalulekileyo kukuhambelana komnqamlezo: iikiti ezininzi ezinomsebenzi we-XMP kwiibhodi ze-AMD ngenxa yeenguqulelo ezifana ne-DOCP okanye i-A-XMP, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba. uqwalaselo lufanelekile kwiRyzenNgokufanayo, ezinye iibhodi zomama ze-Intel zinokuqonda i-EXPO, kodwa ayiqinisekiswanga okanye ibaluleke ngokusemthethweni kwi-Intel.

Imeko efanelekileyo, ukuba ufuna ukuphepha intloko, kukukhetha I-RAM iqinisekiswe ngokukodwa kwiqonga lakhoI-XMP yenkqubo ye-Intel, i-EXPO yenkqubo ene-Ryzen 7000 kunye ne-DDR5, okanye ikiti ye-XMP + EXPO ukuba ufuna ukuguquguquka okukhulu phakathi kwehlabathi zombini.

Imingcipheko, uzinzo, kunye nesiqinisekiso xa usebenzisa i-XMP okanye i-EXPO

Umbuzo oxhaphake kakhulu ngowokuba ingaba ukwenza ezi profayili zisebenze "kunokwaphula" isixhobo okanye kucime iwaranti. Ngokwezinto eziphathekayo, i-XMP kunye ne-EXPO ziyaqwalaselwa i-overclocking exhaswa ngumenzi wememori kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, ngezo zebhodi yomama kunye ne-CPU.

Iimodyuli ezithengisiweyo kunye nezi nkcukacha ziye zaba ivavanywe ngokucokisekileyo kwiifrikhwensi ezipapashiweyo kunye nombaneOko akuthethi ukuba yonke inkqubo iya kuzinza nge-100% phantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko, kodwa oko kuthetha ukuba amaxabiso angaphakathi kwimida efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla.

Ukuba kuvela iingxaki zokungazinzi xa uvula iprofayile (iikhowudi zeempazamo zememori, iilophu zokuqalisa, njl. njl.), zihlala zisonjululwa nge Uhlaziyo lwe-BIOS/UEFI oko kuphucula "uqeqesho" lwememori, ngakumbi kumaqonga amatsha afana ne-AM5.

Kubalulekile ukuba uyazi loo nto Ayizizo zonke iibhodi ze-motherboard ezixhasa i-frequencies ephezulu efanayo.Iprofayile inokusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kwimodeli ethile kodwa ibe yingxaki kwisiphelo esisezantsi. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukujonga i-QVL yebhodi yomama kunye namaxwebhu omenzi wekhithi.

Ngokumalunga neziqinisekiso, ukusebenzisa i-XMP okanye i-EXPO ngaphakathi kweeparamitha ezichazwe yimodyuli ayidli ngokuba ziingxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ukwandisa amandla ombane ngaphezu kwamanqanaba acetyiswayo libali elahlukileyo; kulapho ungena kwindawo ye-aggressive manual overclocking, kunye nemingcipheko ehambelana nayo.

Ukuqonda indlela i-XMP kunye ne-EXPO esebenza ngayo ikuvumela ukuba uhambe ekubeni nememori "ephakathi" ukuya ekuyiguquleni isetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo icandelo lokusebenza okuphezulu, ngaphandle kokujijisana neninzi yeeparamitha ezifihlakeleyo kwaye akukho mngcipheko ungaphezulu kunokuchitha imizuzu embalwa uhlengahlengisa isixhobo sakho ngokufanelekileyo.