Ukutshintsha kwemozulu yinto yehlabathi engachaphazeli nje kuphela i-ikhosistim yomhlaba, kodwa ikwanempembelelo enkulu iilwandle. Iilwandle zifunxa ubushushu obuninzi obuveliswa kukuxinana kwe Igesi yendlu eluhlaza kwi-atmosfera, kunye nesithathu se-CO2 ekhutshwa yimisebenzi yabantu. Oku kufunxwa kwekharbon diokside kubangela ukwenziwa kwe-asidi yolwandle, isisongelo esithe cwaka esinemiphumo emibi kubomi baselwandle.
UNicolás Gruber, unjingalwazi we-Environmental Physics e-ETH Zurich, ulumkisa ngelithi: “Nangona kukho olu tshintsho lukhulu, abantu abaninzi abaqondi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kwiilwandle zethu.” Ukujongana nale ngxaki, iqela labaphandi liye laphuhlisa isixhobo sewebhu esitsha esikuvumela ukuba ubone ngeso lengqondo inkqubo ye iasidi yolwandle kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo ngokuhamba kwexesha, kusetyenziswa imigca enemibala.
Ukuqonda iNkqubo ye-Ocean Acidification
Xa i-CO2 inyibilika emanzini olwandle, iyabumba i-carbonic acid, obangela ukuncipha kwe-pH kwaye ngoko ke i-asidi yolwandle. Ngapha koko, inxalenye ye-carbonic acid isabela kunye ne ion carbonate Inyibilike emanzini, ukunciphisa imeko yokugcwala kwamanzi olwandle ngokubhekiselele kwiiminerali ze-carbonate ezifana aragonite, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yokwakhiwa kwamathambo kunye namaqokobhe ezinto ezininzi zaselwandle.
Olu tshintsho lwekhemikhali lubonisa ingozi enkulu kwezo ntlobo zaselwandle ezixhomekeke kwizakhiwo ze-calcareous, ezifana ne iplankton, i iimbaza kwaye i iikorale. UNicolás Gruber ubalaselisa ukubaluleka kwezi zinto ziphilayo: "Ekubeni zihlala zisezantsi kwikhonkco lokutya, zisisiseko sezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle kwaye, ke ngoko, zibalulekile kuthi bantu."
Isixhobo sokubona iAcidification yoLwandle
Ijeneretha entsha yomcu ephuhliswe ngabaphandi be-ETH Zurich yi ukufikelela simahla kwaye ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba babonise utshintsho kwi-acidity (pH) okanye ukuhluthwa kwe-aragonite ngaphezu Imimandla yolwandle engama-60. Umzekelo, umntu oceba iholide engaselunxwemeni unokuchonga iqondo le-asidi yolwandle kwindawo asiya kuyo ngokukhetha ummandla ohambelana nawo kunye nokuvelisa amabhanti e-acidification.
UDanling Ma, umbhali wokuqala wolu phononongo, uthi: “Kungqinwa ukuba iilwandle zifunxa iCO2 emoyeni zize zibe neasidi. "Kodwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku uqwalaselo aluqinisekisanga ngokwaneleyo ukonyuka kwehlabathi." Ngombulelo kolu phando, lo msantsa wolwazi uvaliwe. "Iziphumo zethu ziqinisekisa ukuba pH kwaye i aragonite saturation ziye zehla kulo lonke ulwandlekazi lwehlabathi kwaye ezi ndlela zibangelwa ikakhulu kukwanda kwekhabhoni enyibilikisiweyo efunxa emoyeni, ”uphetha uMa.
Impembelelo kwi-Ecosystems yaseLwandle
Ukwenziwa kweasidi yolwandle kunempembelelo ngqo kwimpilo nasekuphileni kweentlobo ezininzi zaselwandle. I iikorale, ngokomzekelo, basengozini ngakumbi kolu tshintsho lwemichiza. Ukuncipha kwe-pH kunye ne-aragonite saturation kwenza kube nzima ukwakha nokugcina amathambo e-calcareous, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekuthotyweni nasekufeni kwezixhobo ze-coral, ezihlala kwiintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle.
Ngaphezu koko, iintlobo ezininzi ze iplankton, njengeepteropods, nazo ziyachatshazelwa yi-acidification. Ezi ntsholongwane zincinane zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuthungelwano lokutya kwaselwandle, njengoko zisebenza njengokutya kweentlobo ngeentlobo zeentlanzi nezilwanyana zaselwandle. Ukwehla kwamanani abo ngenxa ye-asidi kunokuba nefuthe lokuhla kwi-ecosystem yonke yaselwandle.
Isidingo Sokwenza Ukuchasana Nokutshintsha KweMozulu
Ukwenziwa kweasidi yolwandle sisiphumo esithe ngqo se Ukukhutshwa kwe-anthropogenic CO2, kunye neempembelelo zayo kubomi baselwandle igxininisa ukungxamiseka kokuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa utshintsho lwemozulu. Ukunciphisa kakhulu ukukhutshwa kwegesi yegreenhouse kubalulekile ekuthinteleni ukufudumala kwehlabathi kunye ne-asidi yolwandle.
Ngaphezulu, kubalulekile ukwandisa ulwazi loluntu ngale ngxaki kunye neziphumo zayo. Izixhobo ezifana ne-acidification strip generator eyenziwe ngabaphandi be-ETH Zurich banegalelo ekwenzeni le nto ibonakale kwaye ivelise ukuqonda okukhulu ngokubaluleka kokukhusela iilwandle zethu.
Khusela Iilwandle, Khusela Ikamva Lethu
Iilwandle zinendima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni imozulu, zivelisa ioksijini, nokuxhasa intaphane yezilwanyana zaselwandle. Nangona kunjalo, iasidi yolwandle, kunye nezinye iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu, kubeka emngciphekweni impilo kunye nokulungelelana kwezi zinto zikhulu zendalo.
Kunyanzelekile ukuba sithathe amanyathelo angxamisekileyo khusela iilwandle zethu kunye nokuqinisekisa amandla abo okumelana nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Oku akuthethi nje ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweCO2, kodwa nokuphumeza izicwangciso-qhinga zolondolozo nolawulo oluzinzileyo lwemithombo yolwandle.
Ngamnye wethu unendima ekufuneka eyidlalile ukulwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu nokukhusela iilwandlekazi. Ukusuka ekwamkeleni indlela yokuphila ezinzileyo ukuya ekuxhaseni imigaqo-nkqubo kunye nezenzo ezikhuthaza ulondolozo lwaselwandle, izigqibo zethu ngabanye kunye nezenzo zingenza umahluko.
Ukwenziwa kweasidi yolwandle sisisongelo esithe cwaka kodwa esitshabalalisayo kubomi baselwandle kwaye, ekugqibeleni, impilo yethu. Lixesha lokuba wazi kwaye uthathe amanyathelo okukhusela ezi zinto zibalulekileyo ze-ikhosistim ngaphambi kokuba kube semva kwexesha. Ikamva leelwandle zethu kunye neentlobo ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo ezixhomekeke kuzo lisezandleni zethu.
NdinguSebastián Vidal, injineli yekhompyuter ethanda itekhnoloji kunye ne-DIY. Ngaphaya koko, ndingumdali we tecnobits.com, apho ndabelana ngee-tutorials ukwenza itekhnoloji ifikeleleke kwaye iqondeke kumntu wonke.