- I-SB 243 ifuna ii-chatbots ukuba zizazise kwaye zibonelele ngezikhumbuzo ngamaxesha athile, ngezaziso qho kwiiyure ezintathu zabantwana.
- Iingxoxo malunga nokwabelana ngesondo kunye nokuzenzakalisa kunye nabancinci zithintelwe, kwaye iinkqubo zengxaki ziyasebenza.
- Iiplatforms kufuneka zichaze iimpawu zokufuna ukuzibulala kwi-Ofisi karhulumente yoThintelo lokuzibulala.
- Iphakheji ibandakanya eminye imimiselo ye-AI yaseCalifornia emngciphekweni, i-deepfakes, kunye noxanduva.
ICalifornia ithathe inyathelo eliqinisekileyo ekongameleni ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa. kunye nomgaqo ogxile kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba "zii-chatbots zeqabane," ezo zilinganisa ubuhlobo okanye ubuhlobo obusondeleyo. Irhuluneli uGavin Newsom utyikitye iSB 243, umthetho ofuna ezi zixhobo zizazise njengeenkqubo ezizenzekelayo kwaye zamkele izikhuseli ezithile xa zisebenzisana nazo abasebenzisi abancinci.
Umlinganiselo, oxhaswe nguSenator kaRhulumente uSteve Padilla, ugxininisa ngaphantsi kwi-architecture yobugcisa kunye nokunye unxibelelwano lweemvakalelo phakathi kwabantu kunye noomatshiniInguqulelo yokugqibela, eyayisikelwe umda emva koxinzelelo oluvela kushishino, igcina izibophelelo eziphambili: Izikhumbuzo zarhoqo ukuba uthetha ne-AI, izihluzi zesiqulatho esifanelekileyo, kunye neeprothokholi zokuphendula. iimpawu zokuzenzakalisa okanye zokuzibulala.
Ifuna ntoni kanye kanye iSB 243?
Undoqo womgangatho ufuna ii-chatbots ukuba zilumkise ngokucacileyo nangokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba zinjalo Isoftware ye-AIKubasebenzisi abancinci, inkqubo kufuneka ibonise isikhumbuzi ubuncinane rhoqo kwiiyure ezintathu, ngendlela ebonakalayo neqondakalayo ukuphepha ukudideka malunga nobuntu obungengomntu wokunxibelelana.
Ukongeza, abaqhubi kufuneka baphumeze izihluzi zomxholo kunye nemida yobudala: Ukwabelana ngesondo okucacileyo kunye naluphi na unxibelelwano oluqhelanisa okanye olukhuthaza ukuzenzakalisa alubandakanywa kwiincoko kunye nabantwana. Ezi zithintelo zincediswa ngokuthunyelwa kwiinkonzo zentlekele xa zibhaqiwe. iimpawu zomngcipheko.
La Umthetho ufuna amaqonga ukuseka iiprothokholi zokubona kwangethuba., kunye neengxelo zamatyala okucinga ukuzibulala ezichongiweyo Iofisi yoThintelo lokuzibulala YeCaliforniaOku kufuna ukomeleza ulungelelwaniso namagunya ezempilo kunye nokubandakanya iimethrikhi kwimpembelelo yezi zixhobo kwimpilo yengqondo.
Ukugcina ezi zikhuselo, Iinkampani kufuneka ziphumeze iindlela zokuqinisekisa ubudala obufanelekileyo kwiinkonzo zazo ezijolise kubahlali bakarhulumente.Imfuno isebenza kwiinethiwekhi zentlalo, iiwebhusayithi, kunye nee-apps ezibonelela ngee-chatbots ezihambelanayo, kubandakanya amaqonga emidlalo okanye ukhetho olunabileyo olusebenza eCalifornia.
Ushicilelo lokugqibela lwe-SB 243 lushiye ngaphandle uphicotho lomntu wesithathu kunye ne-app yabo bonke abasebenzisi (hayi nje abancinci) exelwe kwidrafti yangaphambili. Ngaphandle koku kunqunyulwa, iNewsom ikhusele umthetho oyilwayo njenge idama lokuthintela ngokuchasene nomonakalo onokuthinteleka, kunye nokungena ekusebenzeni okucwangcisiweyo ngoJanuwari 2026.
Iphakheji ebanzi yemithetho ye-AI kurhulumente
I-SB 243 iza kunye namanye amalinge asandul' ukugqithiswa, afana ne-SB 53, efuna abaphuhlisi abakhulu be-AI baveze esidlangalaleni izicwangciso zabo ze-AI. ukhuseleko kunye nokunciphisa ingoziInjongo kukuphucula ukungafihli kweemodeli eziphambili esele zinefuthe elikhulu kwintlalontle.
Ngaxeshanye, kuye kwakhuthazwa amanyathelo okuthintela iinkampani ekubalekeni uxanduva ngokubanga itekhnoloji "isebenza ngokuzimeleyo"Izohlwayo zabangenamvumelwano bezesondo ezinzulu nazo ziye zaqiniswa, zonyusa kakhulu izohlwayo xa zichaphazela amaxhoba amancinci.
Iphakheji ikwabandakanya izithintelo zokuthintela ii-chatbots ekuzenzeni iprofesionales sanitarios okanye amanani amagunya, iqhinga elinokulahlekisa abasebenzisi abasesichengeni. Ngala maqhekeza, i-Sacramento ichaza isakhelo sikarhulumente esizama ukulinganisa izinto ezintsha, amalungelo, kunye seguridad pública.
Inkxaso, ukugxeka kunye namathandabuzo malunga nobubanzi bayo
Umgangatho ufumene indumiso ngenxa yokuba uphantsi, ngelixa kwangaxeshanye ugxekwa ngenxa yokusilela. Imibutho efana Common Sense Media kunye neProjekthi yeTech Oversight yarhoxisa inkxaso yabo emva kokuphelisa uphicotho-zincwadi lwangaphandle kunye nokunciphisa umda wabo kubantwana, nto leyo abayilumkisayo ukuba ingenza umthetho ube yinto engafanelekanga xa ujongene nemingcipheko yangoku.
Kwelinye icala, abaphuhlisi kunye neengcali zilumkisa ukuba a uxanduva olungalinganiyo kunokukhokelela “kwiibhloko zokhuseleko”: izihluzi zingqongqo kangangokuba zivale iingxoxo ezisemthethweni malunga nempilo yengqondo okanye imfundo yezokwabelana ngesondo, zithintele ulutsha olufuna uncedo kwi-Intanethi lwenkxaso ebalulekileyo.
Uxinzelelo lwezopolitiko noqoqosho belumandla: Amaqela etekhnoloji kunye nemibutho yoshishino ityale izigidi ekuphembeleleni ngexesha leseshoni ukumodareyitha ezona zibhalo zinzima.Ngaxeshanye, iofisi yomtshutshisi karhulumente kunye ne FTC baye baqalisa ukuphononongwa kwiingxoxo ze-chatbot ezijolise kubantwana, kwindawo ye amatyala embambano kunye nezikhalazo ezivela kwiintsapho ezichaphazelekayo.
Amatyala akutsha nje kunye nezimangalo ezichaseneyo Iiplatform ezifana neCharacter.AI okanye i-OpenAI ziye zayandisa ingxoxo yoluntu. Emva kwezityholo, Abadlali abakhulu abanjengoMeta kunye ne-OpenAI babhengeze utshintsho: Ukuthintela iincoko ezingafanelekanga kunye nolutsha kunye nokudluliselwa kwimithombo ekhethekileyo, kunye nolawulo olutsha lwabazali.
Imiceli mngeni yokuphunyezwa kunye neziphumo ezibonakalayo
Uphehlelelo ludala imingeni yokusebenza. Amaqonga ehlabathi kuya kufuneka aqinisekise ngokuchanekileyo ukuba ngubani umhlali omncinci waseCalifornia kunye nokubeka iliso kwizigidi zonxibelelwano lwemihla ngemihla ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ubumfihlo, into entsonkothileyo ngokobuchwephesha nasemthethweni.
Omnye umceli mngeni iya kuba kukunqanda "impembelelo ekhohlisayo" ekuvavanyweni okugqithisileyo: ukuba iinkampani zisoyika izohlwayo, zinokurhoxisa. umxholo oluncedo ukuba sempilweni ngokweemvakalelo ngenxa yobulumko obusulungekileyo. Ukufumana ukulingana phakathi kokhuseleko kunye nokufikelela kulwazi oluthembekileyo kuya kuba ngundoqo ekuhloleni impumelelo yommiselo.
Umbuzo wempembelelo yesizwe nawo usahleli: njengoko kwenzekile kweminye imimiselo yaseCarlifonia yangaphambili, iimfuno zayo zinokuba yi-de facto umgangatho kubasebenzi kulo lonke elaseU.S., nangaphambi kokuba ubungqina obubambekayo bokusebenza bubekhona.
Nangona isicatshulwa sokugqibela sincinci kunezindululo zokuqala, i I-SB 243 ibeka imithetho engazange ibonwe ngaphambili "yeencoko zencoko": izilumkiso ezicacileyo, izihluzi zeminyaka yobudala kunye neeprothokholi zentlekele ezinengxelo yeziko. Ukuba ukhona imiqobo encinci Ukuba bayakwazi ukukhusela abantwana ngaphandle kokuthintela inkxaso esemthethweni, iCalifornia iya kube ivuthe indlela ephakathi enokuthi ilandelwe ngamanye amazwe.
Ndingumntu othanda itekhnoloji ojike umdla wakhe we "geek" waba ngumsebenzi. Ndichithe ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10 yobomi bam ndisebenzisa itekhnoloji yokusika kwaye ndikhenkceza ngazo zonke iintlobo zeenkqubo ngenxa yokufuna ukwazi okumsulwa. Ngoku ndiqeqeshelwe ubugcisa bekhompyutha nakwimidlalo yevidiyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 ndibhalela iiwebhusayithi ezahlukeneyo kwitekhnoloji kunye nemidlalo yevidiyo, ndisenza amanqaku afuna ukukunika ulwazi oludingayo ngolwimi oluqondakalayo kuye wonke umntu.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, ulwazi lwam lusuka kuyo yonke into enxulumene nenkqubo yokusebenza yeWindows kunye ne-Android yeefowuni eziphathwayo. Kwaye ukuzinikela kwam kukuwe, ndihlala ndikulungele ukuchitha imizuzu embalwa kwaye ndikuncede usombulule nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo kweli lizwe le-intanethi.