Uyivula njani ifayile yeRPM

Uyivula njani ifayile yeRPM: Ukufunda izinto ezisisiseko zobugcisa

Kwihlabathi le-computing, iifayile ze-RPM ziyindlela eqhelekileyo yokusasazwa kwesofthiwe kwiinkqubo ezisekelwe kwi-Unix. Ezi fayile ziqulethe iipakethi zesoftware ezibandakanya iinkqubo, iilayibrari, kunye nezinye izixhobo eziyimfuneko ekuphunyezweni okufanelekileyo kwesicelo Ukuba ufumana ifayile ye-RPM kwaye uyazibuza ukuba ungayivula njani, eli nqaku liza kukunika ulwazi oluyimfuneko yenza lo msebenzi.

Yintoni ifayile yeRPM: ⁢ Iingqiqo ezisisiseko ukuqonda isakhiwo sayo

Ngaphambi kokungena kwindawo yokuvula kwifayile RPM,⁢ kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba yintoni kanye kanye le ⁢udidi lwefayile. Iifayile zeRPM, iRPM ngesiNgesi imele “iRed⁤ Hat Package ⁤Manager”, yifomati yokupakisha yesoftware esetyenziswa ikakhulu⁢ kunikezelo olusekwe kwiLinux. Ezi fayile ziqulathe⁢ ulwazi ngendlela yokuhlohla, ukuhlaziya, okanye ukukhupha isoftware ebandakanyiweyo kuzo. Ukusukela ukuba unikezelo ⁢ olwahlukileyo lunokuba nezixhobo⁢ ezahlukeneyo zokuphatha ⁣RPM⁢ iifayile, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba imiyalelo enikelwe kweli nqaku inokwahluka kancinane ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yakho yokusebenza.

Ukuvula ifayile yeRPM: ⁤ Amanyathelo omawulandelwe ukufikelela umxholo wayo

Ukuvula ifayile ye-RPM kufuna ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo esifanelekileyo. Unikezelo oluninzi olusekwe kwiLinux lubonelela ngento eluncedo ebizwa ngokuba yi-rpm ekuvumela ukuba ulawule ezi fayile. Ukuba usebenzisa⁤ usasazo olungenaso isixhobo se-“rpm” esifakwe ngokwendalo, ungasikhuphela ⁤ kwaye usifake kwiindawo zokugcina ezisemthethweni. Nje ukuba isixhobo se-rpm siqwalaselwe, ungaqhuba imiyalelo eyahlukeneyo yokuphonononga kunye nokukhupha imixholo yefayile yeRPM. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukufunda amaxwebhu ahambelanayo inkqubo yakho yokusebenza ethile ⁤izakunceda ukuba uqhelane nokhetho olukhoyo⁣ kunye nemiyalelo eyimfuneko yokuvula ifayile yeRPM ⁢chaneka.

Iingqwalasela zokugqibela: Gcina ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo yakho

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba vula ifayile yeRPM kunye nokukhohlisa umxholo wayo kunokuba neempembelelo kukhuseleko kunye nozinzo lwesixokelelwano sakho. Qinisekisa ukuba une-backup-up-date yedatha yakho ebalulekileyo ngaphambi kokuba wenze naluphi na utshintsho kwiifayile zeRPM. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba awuqinisekanga ngamanyathelo omawulandele okanye iziphumo zezenzo zakho, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufune iingcebiso okanye ujonge amaxwebhu asemthethweni. Izenzo ezilungileyo ezinjengokuqinisekisa utyikityo lwedijithali kunye nokufaka isoftware evela kwimithombo ethembekileyo ibalulekile ekugcineni inkqubo. ikhuselekile kwaye inokuthenjwa.

1. Intshayelelo kwiifayile zeRPM⁤: Ziyintoni kwaye zisetyenziselwa ntoni?

Iifayile ze-RPM (i-Red Hat Package Manager) ziyifayile ⁣ ifomathi esetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokusebenza ezise-Linux zokupakisha, ukusasazwa, kunye nokufakwa kwesoftware. Ezi fayile ziqulathe onke amacandelo ayimfuneko ukufaka isoftwe kwisixokelelwano seLinux ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo. Iifayile zeRPM ziqhele ukusetyenziswa⁢ kunikezelo olusekwe kwi-Red Hat njengeFedora kunye neCentOS.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuvula ifayile yeRPM kwinkqubo yakho yeLinux. Enye⁢ yezona ndlela zilula kungomphathi wephakheji yakho yonikezelo. Umzekelo, ukuba usebenzisa i-Fedora, unokusebenzisa umyalelo dnf ukufakela ifayile yeRPM. Qhuba ngokulula umyalelo sudo dnf faka package_name.rpm kwi-terminal kwaye⁢ umphathi wepakethe uyakukhathalela⁢ yonke inkqubo yofako.

Enye indlela yokuvula ifayile yeRPM kukusebenzisa umyalelo rpm Kwitheminali. Ungasebenzisa umyalelo rpm -i package_name.rpm ukufakela ⁢RPM ifayile okanye⁤ umyalelo rpm -qpl package_name.rpm ukudwelisa imixholo yefayile. Ukuba ufuna ukukhupha iphakheji ye-RPM, ungasebenzisa umyalelo rpm -e package_name. Khumbula ukusoloko uqhuba le miyalelo ngamalungelo omlawuli usebenzisa isimaphambili sudo.

2. Izixhobo ezifunekayo ukuvula ifayile yeRPM

Ezi ziyimfuneko kwabo bafuna ukufikelela kumxholo kunye nezicelo ngaphakathi kolu xwebhu Ngethamsanqa, kukho iindlela ezininzi ezikhoyo ezivumela ukuba lo msebenzi wenziwe ngokufanelekileyo nangempumelelo. Ngezantsi zezona zixhobo ziluncedo zokuvula ifayile yeRPM:

Itheminali yomyalelo: Enye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokuvula ifayile yeRPM kukusebenzisa i-terminal yomyalelo kwiinkqubo zokusebenza ezise-Unix/Linux. Usebenzisa imiyalelo ethile efana no "rpm -i" ukufaka ifayile okanye "rpm -qpl" ukudwelisa imixholo yeRPM, unokufikelela ngokulula kwaye uyisebenzise ifayile. Olu khetho luluncedo ngokukodwa ⁢kwaba basebenzisi baqheleneyo ⁢nokusingqongileyo kwelayini yomyalelo.

⁢Izixhobo zemizobo: Kwabo bakhetha ujongano lomzobo olusebenziseka lula, kukho izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo ezikuvumela ukuba uvule kwaye ulawule iifayile zeRPM. Ezinye izinikezelo zeLinux, ezinje ngeFedora okanye iCentOS, zibonelela ngabaphathi bephakeji yegraphical ekuvumela ukuba ufake ngokulula, uhlaziye, kwaye ukhuphe iipakethe zeRPM. Ngokufanayo, kukho iinketho zesoftware yasimahla yeqela lesithathu, ezinje ngeRPM Package Manager (RPM), ebonelela nge-intuitive graphical interface yokuvula kunye nokuxhaphaza iifayile zeRPM.

Ukusetyenziswa koxinzelelo: Enye inketho yokuvula ifayile ye-RPM isebenzisa iinkqubo zokunciphisa, ezifana ne-7-Zip okanye iWinRAR, ekuvumela ukuba ukhuphe imixholo ye-RPM kwifolda ethile. Nangona olu khetho lungakuvumeli ukuba ufake okanye usebenzise iipakethe ngaphakathi kwefayile ye-RPM ngokuthe ngqo, kunokuba luncedo ukufikelela kunye nokuvavanya imixholo yangaphakathi ngaphandle kwesidingo sezixhobo ezithile.

Ukuqukumbela,⁢ kukho izixhobo ezininzi ezikhoyo zokuvula nokulawula iifayile zeRPM. Ukusuka kuncedo lweterminal yomyalelo ukuya kolona khetho lomzobo olunobuhlobo, umsebenzisi ngamnye angakhetha isixhobo esizifanela kakuhle iimfuno zabo. Nokuba kungemiyalelo ekwilayini yomyalelo okanye ngokukhulula usetyenziso, ukuvula kunye nokukhohlisa iifayile zeRPM kuba ngumsebenzi olula ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo.

3. Inyathelo ngenyathelo: Uzifaka njani izixhobo zokuvula iifayile zeRPM kwinkqubo yakho yokusebenza

Kweli nqaku, siza kuchaza indlela yokufaka izixhobo zokuvula iifayile zeRPM kwinkqubo yakho yokusebenza. Iifayile ze-RPM zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ezisekwe kwi-Linux, kwaye ukufunda indlela yokufikelela kunye nokukhohlisa ezi fayile kunokuba luncedo kakhulu. Landela la manyathelo alula ukuqinisekisa ukufakwa ngempumelelo kwezixhobo eziyimfuneko.

Inyathelo 1: Khangela ukuba sele unazo izixhobo eziyimfuneko ezifakiweyo
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokufaka izixhobo ezitsha, kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba eyakho inkqubo yokusebenza Sele inezixhobo eziyimfuneko zokuvula iifayile zeRPM. Ezinye izinikezelo zeLinux⁤ ziza nezi zixhobo zifakwe ngaphambili,⁤ ngelixa ezinye zingezi. Ungajonga ukuba sele unazo ngokuqhuba i⁤ command rpm -q kwi-terminal yakho. Ukuba isiphumo sibonisa igama lepakethe efana ne-'rpm' okanye 'rpmtools', oko kuthetha ukuba sele unezixhobo eziyimfuneko ezifakiweyo.

Inyathelo 2: Faka izixhobo zeRPM
Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba awunazo izixhobo eziyimfuneko ezifakelweyo, inyathelo elilandelayo kukuzifaka. Oku kunokwenziwa kusetyenziswa umphathi wepakethe yosasazo lweLinux. Ukuba usebenzisa i-Network Hat-based distribution, efana ne-Fedora okanye i-CentOS, ungasebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo kwi-terminal yakho: sudo dnf⁢ faka i-rpm. Ukuba usebenzisa unikezelo olusekwe kwiDebian, njengoBuntu, unokubaleka: sudo apt-fumana ukufaka rpm. Nje ukuba ufake umyalelo ofanelekileyo wokuhanjiswa kwakho, umphathi wepakethe uyakukhangela kwaye afake izixhobo eziyimfuneko ngokuzenzekelayo.

Inyathelo lesi-3: Qinisekisa ukufakela kwaye uqinisekise ukusebenza kwayo
Emva kokuba ufake izixhobo ze-RPM, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukufakela kuphumelele kwaye khangela ukuba basebenza ngokuchanekileyo Unokwenza oku ngokuqhuba umyalelo rpm -V kwi-terminal yakho. Ukuba akukho myalezo uboniswayo okanye umyalezo ubuyiselwe ngaphandle kweempazamo, kuthetha ukuba izixhobo zifakwe ngempumelelo kwaye zilungele ukusetyenziswa. Ngoku ungathatha ithuba lobuchule be ⁤RPM izixhobo zokuvula kunye nokukhohlisa iifayile zeRPM kwindlela yakho ⁢esebenzayo.⁢ Khumbula ukudibana⁢uxwebhu lwezixhobo ukuze uziqhelanise nalo. imisebenzi yayo kunye neenketho eziphambili.

Ngala manyathelo alula, uya kube ulungele ukuvula kunye nokusebenza⁢neefayile zeRPM kwinkqubo yakho esebenzayo. Nokuba ujonge ukufaka inkqubo ethile okanye ujonge nje imixholo yefayile yeRPM, ezi zixhobo ziya kuba luncedo olukhulu. Thatha ithuba elipheleleyo kwezi mpawu kwaye ujonge amathuba amatsha kusasazo lwakho lweLinux!

4. Iindlela ezintathu zokuvula ifayile yeRPM kwiLinux

Ifayile yeRPM, eyaziwa ngokuba yi RPM package, yifomati yefayile esetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ze Linux ukusasaza isoftware epakishiweyo. Ezi fayile ziqulethe isoftware kunye nolwazi oluyimfuneko ukuze uyifake Inkqubo yokusebenza. Ukuba udibana nefayile yeRPM kwiLinux kwaye kufuneka uyivule, Nazi iindlela ezintathu onokuzisebenzisa ukwenza njalo.

Indlela yoku-1: Ukusebenzisa umgca womyalelo
Indlela elula yokuvula ifayile yeRPM kwiLinux kukusebenzisa umgca womyalelo. Ukwenza oku, vula i-terminal kwaye usebenzise lo myalelo ulandelayo: sudo rpm -i file.rpm. Lo myalelo uya kufaka iphakheji ye-RPM kwindlela yakho, ukukhulula iifayile kwaye uzifake kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo.

Indlela yesi-2: Ukusebenzisa umphathi wephakheji
Unikezelo oluninzi lweLinux lunomphathi wepakethe eyenza kube lula ukuyifaka nokulawula isoftware. Eminye imizekelo edumileyo yi-yum, dnf, kunye ne-zypper. Ukuvula ifayile yeRPM usebenzisa ipakethe ⁢umphathi, vula ngokulula iterminal kwaye usebenzise lo myalelo ulandelayo: sudo package-manager faka file.rpm. Umphathi wepakethe uya kufaka ngokuzenzekelayo isoftwe kwisixokelelwano sakho.

Indlela yesi-3: Ukusebenzisa isixhobo segraphical
Ukuba ukhetha ujongano lomzobo, ungasebenzisa isixhobo esinje nge RPMfusion okanye GDebi ukuvula ifayile yeRPM. Ezi zixhobo zihlala zifumaneka kwivenkile yeapp yonikezelo lwakho lweLinux. Nje ukuba usifakile isixhobo, sivule kwaye ukhethe ukhetho lokuvula okanye ukufaka ifayile yeRPM. Emva koko, fumana ifayile ye-RPM kwisistim yakho kwaye ucofe "Vula" okanye "Faka" ukugqiba inkqubo.

5. Uyivula njani ifayile yeRPM kwiWindows usebenzisa izixhobo zangaphandle

Ngamanye amaxesha, unokufuna ukuvula ifayile yeRPM kwiWindows kodwa ujongene nobunzima bokuba inkqubo yokusebenza ayiluxhasi olu hlobo lwefayile. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izixhobo zangaphandle onokuzisebenzisa ukufezekisa oku. Kweli nqaku, siza kukubonisa indlela yokuvula ifayile yeRPM kwiWindows ngokulula nangokufanelekileyo usebenzisa ezi zixhobo.

1.⁤ Cygwin: Enye yezona ⁢ezo zisetyenziswayo iinketho zokuvula iifayile zeRPM kwiWindows kukusebenzisa ⁢Cygwin. Le software ibonelela umaleko wokuhambelana kwe-Unix kwinkqubo yokusebenza yeWindows, ikuvumela ukuba wenze imiyalelo kwaye uvule iifayile ezingayi kuxhaswa ngesiqhelo Ukuvula ifayile yeRPM usebenzisa iCygwin, landela la manyathelo angezantsi.

• Khuphela kwaye ufake iCygwin kwiwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni.
• Vula inkqubo yeCygwin.
• Sebenzisa umyalelo rpm -ivh igama lefayile.rpm ⁤ ukuhlohla ifayile.⁣ Qinisekisa ukuba ubuyisela "file_name.rpm" endaweni yegama⁢ lefayile ofuna ukuyivula.
• Nje ukuba ufakelo lugqityiwe, uya kukwazi ukufikelela imixholo yefayile yeRPM.

2-Zip: Esinye isixhobo onokusisebenzisa ukuvula ifayile yeRPM kwiWindows yi-7-Zip. Nangona isetyenziselwa ukukhulula iifayile, ikwaxhasa ukukhupha iifayile zeRPM. Ukusebenzisa i-7-Zip, landela la manyathelo alandelayo:
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• Khuphela kwaye ufake i-7-Zip kwiphepha layo elisemthethweni.
• Vula usetyenziso lwe-7-Zip.
• Yiya kwifayile yeRPM ofuna ukuyivula ngaphakathi kwe-7-Zip interface.
• Cofa ekunene ifayile kwaye ukhethe u-“Thatha apha” ukuze uvule imixholo yefayile ⁤RPM.

3. Alien: I-Alien sisixhobo esikuvumela ukuba uguqule iipakethe ukusuka kwifomati enye ukuya kwenye. Ungasebenzisa i-Alien ukuguqula iifayile zeRPM kwiifayile zeDEB, ezihambelana neWindows. Ukwenza oku, landela la manyathelo alandelayo:

• Khuphela kwaye ufake i-Alien kwiwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni.
• Vula a⁤ ifestile yomyalelo.
• Qalisa umyalelo Alien -d filename.rpm, endaweni ye "file_name.rpm" kunye negama lefayile ofuna ukuyivula.
• Nje ukuba uguqulelo lugqityiwe, uya kukwazi ukufikelela kumxholo we⁤ DEB ifayile yenziwe ngu⁤ Alien.

Ngokulandela la manyathelo, uya kukwazi ukuvula iifayile zeRPM kwiWindows usebenzisa izixhobo zangaphandle ezifana neCygwin, 7-Zip okanye Alien. Khumbula ukuba ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngendlela esebenzayo nelula yokufikelela kumxholo weefayile zeRPM kwinkqubo yokusebenza ngaphandle kweyomthombo Ngoku ungajonga kwaye usebenzise ezi fayile ngokukhululeka nangokufanelekileyo kwiWindows!

6. Isisombululo kwiingxaki eziqhelekileyo xa uvula iifayile zeRPM kunye neengcebiso zokuziphepha

Iifayile zeRPM ziyindlela eqhelekileyo yokupakisha isoftware kwiinkqubo ezisebenza ngeLinux ezifana neCentOS, Fedora, kunye neRed Hat. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha unokuhlangabezana neengxaki xa uzama ukuvula ifayile yeRPM. Apha sibonisa izisombululo eziqhelekileyo⁣ kunye⁤ iingcebiso zokuziphepha:

1. Jonga ukuhambelana: Ngaphambi kokuba uzame ukuvula ifayile yeRPM, qiniseka ukuba inkqubo yakho yokusebenza iyaxhaswa. Ezinye iifayile ze-RPM zinokuthi zithe ngqo kunikezelo oluthile lweLinux, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa uguqulelo olululo lwenkqubo yokusebenza.

2. Jonga imfezeko yefayile yeRPM: Ukuba ufumana iingxaki zokuvula ifayile ye-RPM, kunokwenzeka ukuba ifayile yonakaliswe okanye yonakele. Ungaqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwefayile usebenzisa i»rpm» into eluncedo kumgca womyalelo. Yenza lo myalelo ulandelayo: rpm -jonga ifayile.rpmOku kuya kukuvumela ukuba ubone ukuba ifayile ye-RPM ilungisiwe na okanye ukuba utyikityo lwayo luyasebenza na.

3. Hlaziya isoftware enxulumeneyo: Ezinye iingxaki zokuvula iifayile zeRPM zinokubangelwa ziinguqulelo zakudala zesoftware enxulumeneyo. Qinisekisa ukuba unenguqulelo zamva nje zeRPM kunye nezinye izixhobo ezinxulumeneyo, ezinje ngeyum okanye dnf umphathi wepakethe. Ungazihlaziya ezi nkqubo usebenzisa umphathi wepakethe yeLinux. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlaziye inkqubo yokusebenza ngokupheleleyo, njengoko oku kunokwenzeka ukusombulula iingxaki yokuhambelana kunye nokuphucula uzinzo lwenkqubo.

Khumbula ukuba ukuvula iifayile ze-RPM kunokufuna ulwazi lobugcisa kunye nokuqhelana nomgca womyalelo kwi-Linux Ukuba iingxaki ziyaqhubeka, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufune uncedo kuluntu lwabasebenzisi be-Linux okanye udibane nezixhobo ze-intanethi ukufumana uncedo olongezelelweyo.

7. Indlela yokukhupha kunye nokuguqula umxholo weefayile zeRPM ngaphandle kokuzifaka

Uyivula njani ifayile yeRPM

Kweli nqaku, uya kufunda indlela yokuvula ifayile ye-RPM kwaye ukhuphe imixholo yayo ngaphandle kokuyifaka kwinkqubo yakho. Iifayile zeRPM ziipakethe zesoftware eziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiRed Hat-based Linux unikezelo, kwaye iqulathe zonke iifayile eziyimfuneko ukufaka isicelo kwinkqubo yakho. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba luncedo ukufikelela kwiifayile zomntu ngamnye ngaphakathi kwephakheji ye-RPM ngaphandle kokuzifaka ngokupheleleyo. .

Inyathelo 1: Faka iphakheji ye-rpm2cpio
Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise, kuya kufuneka ube nesixhobo se-"rpm2cpio" esifakwe kwinkqubo yakho. Esi sixhobo siya kukuvumela ukuba ukhuphe imixholo yefayile ye-RPM. Ukuba awunayo i-⁤rpm2cpio efakiweyo, ungakwenza ngokulula oko usebenzisa ⁤umphathi wepakeji yokuhambisa kwakho. Umzekelo, kwi-Red Hat-based ⁤system, ungasebenzisa umyalelo ⁤ yum install rpm2cpio ⁤ukuyifaka.

Inyathelo 2: Khupha imixholo yefayile yeRPM
Nje ukuba ufake i-rpm2cpio, unokukhupha imixholo yefayile ye-RPM usebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo kwi-terminal: rpm2cpio archivo.rpm | cpio -idmv. Lo myalelo uya kusebenzisa i-rpm2cpio ukuguqula ifayile ye-RPM ibe yidatha yedatha eya kudluliselwa kwisixhobo se-cpio, esiya kuthi sikhuphe kwaye sikhuphe zonke iifayile zephakheji ze-RPM. Umyalelo uya kuprinta uluhlu ⁢lweefayile ezikhutshiweyo kwi-terminal.

Inyathelo 3: Guqula umxholo okhutshiweyo
Nje ukuba ukhuphe imixholo yefayile yeRPM, unokufikelela kwiifayile ezizimeleyo kwaye uziguqule kwiimfuno zakho. Ungasebenzisa nawuphi na umhleli wokubhaliweyo okanye isixhobo somgca womyalelo ukwenza utshintsho kwiifayile ezikhutshiweyo. Khumbula ukuba unokufikelela kuphela kumxholo okhutshiweyo kwaye awuyi kukwazi ukwenza utshintsho kwifayile ye-RPM yokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, unokwenza iphakheji entsha ye-RPM kunye neefayile ezilungisiweyo ukuba ufuna ukusasaza okanye ukufaka iinguqulelo zakho ezilungisiweyo zesoftware.

Khumbula ukuba obu buchule bunokuba luncedo, kodwa kufuneka ugcine engqondweni ukuba ukulungisa umxholo wefayile ye-RPM kunokuchaphazela imfezeko kunye nokusebenza kwayo. Kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe yokugcina ukusuka kwifayile ye-RPM yoqobo ngaphambi kokwenza naluphi na uhlengahlengiso.

8. Iingcebiso zokhuseleko xa uvula kwaye usebenzisa iifayile zeRPM

Iingcebiso zokhuseleko xa uvula kwaye usebenzisa iifayile zeRPM

Xa usebenzisa iifayile zeRPM, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yakho. Apha sibonisa ezinye iingcebiso zokunciphisa umngcipheko:

1. ⁤Jonga imvelaphi: Phambi kokuba uvule⁤ nayiphi na ifayile yeRPM, qiniseka ukuba uyifumene kumthombo othembekileyo. Ukukhuphela iifayile kwiiwebhusayithi ezigunyazisiweyo okanye iindawo zokugcina⁢yeyona ⁢yeyona ndlela yokuphepha i-malware okanye umxholo onobungozi.

2.⁤ Hlaziya inkqubo yakho: Ukugcina inkqubo yakho yokusebenza kunye nezicelo zihlaziyiwe kubalulekile ukukhusela izixhobo zakho. Qinisekisa ukuba ufaka rhoqo uhlaziyo lokhuseleko olunikezelwa ngumthengisi wakho wenkqubo yokusebenza.

3. Sebenzisa isoftware yokhuseleko: Ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo, cinga ukusebenzisa i-antivirus okanye isoftware ye-antimalware. Ezi nkqubo zinokubona kwaye zithintele iifayile ezinobungozi phambi kokuba zenze umonakalo kwinkqubo yakho.

9. Iindlela ezizezinye kunye neefomathi ezinxulumene neefayile zeRPM

Banikezela abasebenzisi uluhlu olubanzi lweenketho zokuvula kunye nokuxhaphaza ezi ntlobo zeefayile kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Ngezantsi, ezinye ziya kuboniswa:

1. Umphambukeli: Umfokazi sisixhobo esikuvumela ukuba uguqule iipakethe ukusuka kwifomathi enye ukuya kwenye. Iluncedo ngakumbi Yabasebenzisi abafuna ukusebenzisa iipakethe zeRPM kwiinkqubo ezisekwe kwi-DEB, ezinje ngoBuntu okanye⁣ Debian. Nge-Alien, abasebenzisi banokuguqula iipakethe zeRPM kwiifomathi ezihambelana nezi nkqubo zokusebenza, ezifana neepakethe zeDEB.

2. I-RPM2CPIO: I-RPM2CPIO sisixhobo esikuvumela ukuba ukhuphe umxholo wephakheji ye-RPM. Ukusebenzisa esi sixhobo, abasebenzisi banokuvula ifayile ye-RPM kwaye bafikelele kwiifayile eziqulethweyo. Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi kwabo bafuna ukukhupha iifayile ezithile kwiphakheji ye-RPM ngaphandle kokuyifaka kwisistim.

3. I-OpenPKG: I-OpenPKG sisisombululo solawulo lwephakheji evumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafake, bahlaziye, kwaye bakhuphe iipakethe kwii-Unix kunye ne-Linux-based systems, kubandakanywa nezo zinefomathi ye-RPM. I-OpenPKG ibonelela ngendawo ekhuselekileyo, esembindini yokulawula iipakethe, ukwenza ukugcinwa kwesoftware kube lula kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo.

Ezi⁢ zinika abasebenzisi ububhetyebhetye kunye nokhetho ⁢ukuvula kunye nokukhohlisa ezi ntlobo zeefayile kwi⁤ iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Ingaba ngokuguqula iiphakheji okanye ukukhupha umxholo wabo, ezi zixhobo kunye nezisombululo zinika abasebenzisi amandla okufikelela kwiifayile kwaye basebenzise ngokupheleleyo iipakethi ze-RPM kwindawo yabo yokusebenza. Ngolu khetho, abasebenzisi banokuzuza kuluhlu olubanzi lwesoftware ekhoyo kwifomathi ye-RPM, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi inkqubo yokusebenza abayisebenzisayo.

10. Isiphelo: Vula iifayile zeRPM ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo

Isiphelo: Ukuvula iifayile zeRPM ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo kubalulekile kwabo basebenza nge-Linux-based operating systems. Kuyo yonke le posi, siye saphonononga ⁢iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo eziya kukuvumela ukuba uvule⁢ kwaye ulawule iifayile zeRPM ngokufanelekileyo. Ngalo lonke ixesha khumbula ukulandela ezona ndlela zokhuseleko ukuphepha nayiphi na ingozi okanye umonakalo kwinkqubo.

Okokuqala, sigxininise ukusebenziseka kwesixhobo se "rpm" kumgca womyalelo.⁢ Esi sixhobo sinamandla sikuvumela ukuba ufake, uhlaziye, kwaye ususe iipakethe zeRPM ngokukhawuleza kwaye kulula. Ukongezelela, siye sabonisa ukubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kweefayile ze-RPM ngaphambi kokufaka usebenzisa inketho ethi "-checksig" Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba ifayile ayizange iguqulwe okanye iguqulwe, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa inkqubo yokufakela ekhuselekileyo.

Kwelinye icala, sikhankanye ukuba kukho izixhobo ezininzi zegraphical ezifana ne "Yum Extender" kunye ne "KPackage" ezenza lula ulawulo lweepakethe zeRPM ngojongano olubonakalayo olubonakalayo. Ezi zixhobo zikuvumela ukuba ukhangele, ufake kwaye ususe iipakethe ngendlela esebenziseka lula, ilungele abo bakhetha ujongano lomzobo endaweni yomgca womyalelo Ungalibali ukuhlala uhlaziya inkqubo yakho kwaye uqaphele xa ufaka iipakethe ukusuka imithombo engaziwayo, njengoko oku kunokubeka ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yakho emngciphekweni.

Isishwankathelo, ukuvula iifayile zeRPM ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ukukhuseleka kufuna ukuqonda izixhobo ezikhoyo kunye nokulandela iindlela ezilungileyo zokhuseleko. Nokuba usebenzisa umgca womyalelo okanye ujongano lomzobo, ukuba nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kuya kukuvumela ukuba ulawule iipakethe zakho zeRPM ngokufanelekileyo. Khumbula ukuhlala uqinisekisa ukuthembeka kweefayile phambi kofakelo kwaye ulumke ⁤xa ufaka iipakethe⁣ ezivela kwimithombo engaziwayo. Ngezi ngcebiso, uya kukwazi ukusebenza indlela ekhuselekileyo kwaye isebenza kakuhle ngeefayile zeRPM kwindlela yakho yeLinux.