Unako tshintsha umbala weenwele nge GIMP inyathelo ngenyathelo? Kweli nqaku uya kufunda indlela yokusebenzisa i-GIMP, inkqubo yokuhlela imifanekiso yasimahla kunye nevulekileyo, ukutshintsha umbala weenwele ngokufanelekileyo nangokulula. I-GIMP sisixhobo esinamandla nesiguquguqukayo esiya kukuvumela ukuba wenze uhlengahlengiso oluchanekileyo kwaye ufumane iziphumo zobungcali kwiifoto zakho. Landela la manyathelo aneenkcukacha kwaye ufumane indlela yokuguqula umbala weenwele zakho kwimizuzu nje.
Intshayelelo ye-GIMP kunye nesixhobo sayo sokutshintsha umbala weenwele
GIMP lugqibelele ngokufanelekileyo kwaye oluguquguqukayo lokuhlela kunye nenkqubo yoyilo Esinye sezixhobo zayo eziluncedo zokukhohlisa umbala sisixhobo sokutshintsha umbala weenwele. Ngesi sixhobo, unokuguqula ngokupheleleyo inkangeleko yomntu ngokutshintsha umbala wabo weenwele ngendlela eyiyo neyobuchule. Okulandelayo, ndiza kuchaza inyathelo ngenyathelo indlela yokusebenzisa esi sixhobo ukufezekisa iziphumo ezinomtsalane.
Isinyathelo se1: Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile kukuvula umfanekiso kwi-GIMP apho ufuna ukutshintsha umbala weenwele. Qinisekisa ukuba unomfanekiso omhle weziphumo ezilungileyo. Nje ukuba umfanekiso uvuliwe, khetha isixhobo sokutshintsha umbala weenwele kwi- isixhobo sefowuni. Esi sixhobo simelwe yikama kunye nesangqa esinemibala.
Isinyathelo se2: Ngoku, khetha "Yongeza iMask yeLayer" kwifestile yencoko yababini. Oku kuya kudala umaleko owahlukileyo apho unokwenza utshintsho ngaphandle kokuchaphazela umfanekiso wokuqala. Ukongeza, kuya kukuvumela ukuba ulungelelanise imibala ngokuchanekileyo kwaye wenze utshintsho olongezelelweyo ukuba unqwenela.
Isinyathelo se3: Nje ukuba imaski yongeziweyo yongezwe, sebenzisa ibhrashi yobungakanani obufanelekileyo ukukhetha indawo yeenwele ofuna ukuyitshintsha umbala. Emva koko, khetha umbala owufunayo kwiphalethi yombala kwaye usebenzise utshintsho lombala kwizinwele ezikhethiweyo Ungahlengahlengisa ubunzulu kunye nokungafihli kombala ukuze ufumane isiphumo esifunekayo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ufumene esi sifundo siluncedo kwaye ngoku ungazama kwaye wenze utshintsho olumangalisayo kwimibala yeenwele kwimifanekiso yakho usebenzisa isixhobo sokutshintsha umbala weenwele GIMP's. Khumbula ukuziqhelanisa kwaye ulinge iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufumana iziphumo ezothusayo. Ungalibazisi ukwabelana ngeziphumo zakho nathi!
Ukulungisa umfanekiso ngaphambi kokutshintsha umbala weenwele kwi-GIMP
Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ukutshintsha umbala weenwele kwi-GIMP, kubalulekile ukulungisa ngokufanelekileyo umfanekiso ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezilungileyo. Landela la manyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukulungele ukuqalisa inkqubo yokutshintsha umbala weenwele:
1 Lungisa ukukhanya kunye nokuchasana komfanekiso: Sebenzisa izibane kunye nezixhobo zokuhlengahlengisa umahluko kwi-GIMP ukuphucula umgangatho womfanekiso. Oku kuya kunceda ukuba imibala ibonakale icace ngakumbi kwaye iyinyani xa sele utshintshe umbala weenwele zakho.
2. Khetha indawo yeenwele: Sebenzisa isixhobo sokukhetha se-GIMP ukucacisa ngokuchanekileyo indawo yeenwele ofuna ukuyitshintsha umbala.
3. Susa iimali ezingafunwayo: Ukuba kukho izinto ezingasemva kumfanekiso ezinokuphazamisana nokutshintsha kombala weenwele, sebenzisa isixhobo se-GIMP se-clone okanye isixhobo sokususa ngasemva ukuze uzisuse. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba umbala omtsha weenwele ubonakala ngokucacileyo kwaye ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Nje ukuba uwagqibile la manyathelo okulungiselela, ukulungele ukuqalisa inkqubo yokutshintsha umbala weenwele kwi-GIMP. Soloko ukhumbula ukusebenza kumaleko ukugcina umfanekiso woqobo ucocekile kwaye uqinisekise ugcina umsebenzi wakho rhoqo kwifomati ehambelana ne-GIMP, efana .xcf, ukuze wenze uhlengahlengiso kunye nohlengahlengiso kwixesha elizayo ukuba kuyimfuneko. Yonwaba ngokuzama ngemibala eyahlukeneyo yeenwele kunye nezimbo kwimifanekiso yakho yedijithali!
Ukukhetha indlela elungileyo yokutshintsha umbala weenwele kwi-GIMP
Indlela yoku-1: Sebenzisa isixhobo sokukhetha umbala kunye nepeyinti
Indlela yokuqala yokutshintsha umbala weenwele kwi-GIMP kukusebenzisa isixhobo sokukhetha umbala kunye nesixhobo sokupeyinta. Okokuqala, khetha isixhobo sokukhetha umbala kwaye nqakraza kumbala ofuna ukuwutshintsha kwizinwele. Nje ukuba umbala ukhethiwe, khetha isixhobo sokupeyinta kwaye ukhethe umbala omtsha kwiphalethi.
Emva kokukhetha umbala omtsha, vele upeyinte phezu kokukhethwa kombala omdala kwizinwele. Ukuba ufuna umbala omtsha udibane ngokwendalo kwizinwele zakho, ungasebenzisa isixhobo sesmudge ukuthambisa imiphetho.
Indlela yesi-2: Sebenzisa isixhobo sokutshintsha umbala
Olunye ukhetho lokutshintsha umbala weenwele kwi-GIMP kukusebenzisa isixhobo sokutshintsha umbala. Esi sixhobo sikuvumela ukuba ukhethe umbala othile kwizinwele zakho kwaye uwubuyisele ngokuzenzekelayo omnye umbala. Ukusebenzisa esi sixhobo, khetha ukhetho "lweZixhobo" kwibar yemenyu kwaye emva koko ukhethe "Isixhobo soTshintsho loMbala".
Nje ukuba uvule isixhobo sokutshintsha umbala, khetha umbala ofuna ukuwutshintsha kwizinwele zakho usebenzisa isixhobo se-eyedropper. Emva koko, hlengahlengisa iiparamitha zesixhobo, ezinje ngoluhlu lonyamezelo kunye nokuthamba. Nje ukuba usete, cofa kwindawo yeenwele ofuna ukuyitshintsha kwaye iya kutshintshwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngombala omtsha okhethiweyo.
Indlela yesi-3: Sebenzisa iMaleko yoLungiso loMbala
Okokugqibela, enye indlela yokutshintsha umbala weenwele kwi-GIMP kukusebenzisa umaleko wohlengahlengiso lombala. Le ndlela iluncedo ngakumbi ukuba ufuna ukulawula umbala weenwele kunye neethoni. Ukwenza oku, khetha inketho "yeLayers" kwibar yemenyu kwaye ukhethe "uMaleko oLungelelwaniso olutsha" kwaye emva koko "Hue/Saturation."
Kwi-Hue / Saturation adjustment layer, lungisa izilayidi ukuguqula umbala kunye nokuqina kweenwele. Unokusebenzisa ezinye iileya zohlengahlengiso ukutshintsha ukuqaqamba, umahluko, okanye nayiphi na enye into yombala. Le ndlela ibuyiselwa umva, oku kuthetha ukuba unokuguqula okanye ucime iileya zohlengahlengiso nangaliphi na ixesha ukuze ubuyele kumbala weenwele zokuqala ukuba awonwabanga ngesiphumo.
Ukulungelelanisa i-Saturation kunye ne-Hue yeZiphumo eziyinyani kwi-GIMP
Kwesi sikhokelo senyathelo nenyathelo, uya kufunda indlela yokutshintsha umbala weenwele usebenzisa i-GIMP, isoftware yokuhlela imifanekiso yasimahla kunye nevulekileyo. Ukufumana iziphumo eziyinyani, kubalulekile ukulungelelanisa ukugcwala kunye ne-hue ngokuchanekileyo.
1. Ukulungiswa komfanekiso: Phambi kokuba uqalise, qiniseka ukuba unomgangatho ophezulu kunye nomfanekiso obukhali, ngokukhethekayo kwifomathi RAW. Vula umfanekiso kwi-GIMP kwaye uphindaphinde umaleko ongasemva ukuze usebenze kumaleko owahlukileyo kwaye ungatshabalalisa umfanekiso wokuqala.
2. Ukhetho oluchanekileyo: Sebenzisa isixhobo sokukhetha sasimahla okanye i-polygonal lasso ukuya khetha indawo yeenwele ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuba umfanekiso unemvelaphi enzima, ungasebenzisa ukhetho ngesixhobo sombala ukwahlula iinwele. Ungasebenzisa kwakhona isihluzo se-Desaturate ukuguqula umaleko ube greyscale kunye nokuphucula ukubonakala kweenkcukacha zeenwele.
3. Saturation kunye noLungiso lweHue: Nje ukuba ukhethe iinwele, yiya kwindawo ethi "Imibala" kwaye ukhethe u-"Hue-Saturation." Zama ngokulungelelanisa i ukuzaliseka ukuzuzaumgangatho wombala ofunekayo. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba ukunyuka okugqithisileyo kwi-saturation no kuyenza yenza iinwele zibukeke zenziwe. Ukufumana isiphumo esinenyani ngakumbi, unokuhlengahlengisa kwakhona ithoni ukulungisa nakuphi na ukuphambuka kombala kunye nokufezekisa ibhalansi efanelekileyo.
Ngala manyathelo alula, unokutshintsha ngokufanelekileyo umbala weenwele usebenzisa i-GIMP. Ngalo lonke ixesha khumbula ukusebenza kumaleko owahlukileyo ukuze ungawutshintshi umfanekiso wokuqala kwaye ulinge ngokugcwala kunye nohlengahlengiso lwemibala ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezibambekayo. I-GIMP ibonelela uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo kunye nezihluzi ukukhulisa ubuchule bakho ekuhlelweni komfanekiso. Ungalibazisi ukuphonononga kwaye ulinge ngazo!
Ukucokisa iinkcukacha ekutshintsheni umbala weenwele kwi-GIMP
ukuba cokisa iinkcukacha ekutshintsheni umbala weenwele kwi-GIMP, kubalulekile ukuba nolwazi malunga nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nobuchule. Esinye sezixhobo eziphambili kulo msebenzi siSixhobo sokuKhethwa koMbala. Ngesi sixhobo, unokukhetha imibala eyahlukeneyo yombala weenwele kwaye ulungelelanise ngokuchanekileyo.
Enye inkalo ebalulekileyo kukusetyenziswa kwe iicapes kunye nemaski kwi-GIMP. Xa usebenza ngotshintsho lwemibala kwizinwele, kucetyiswa ukuba uhlukanise iinwele ukusuka kwimvelaphi zibe ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Ngale ndlela, unokwenza uhlengahlengiso oluthile kumaleko ngamnye ngaphandle kokuchaphazela wonke umfanekiso. Ukongeza, ukusebenzisa iimaski kuya kukuvumela ukuba ucokise iinkcukacha nangakumbi, njengoko uya kukwazi ukwenza utshintsho kuphela apho kukho imfuneko.
Ukongeza kwizixhobo kunye nobuchule obukhankanywe ngasentla, unako ulinge ngemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye nesethingi yethoni. I-GIMP ibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweesetingi, ezinje ngeBalalance yoMbala kunye ne-Hue-Saturation, eya kukuvumela ukuba ufezekise iziphumo ezinokwenyani nezichanekileyo. Ukongeza, ungasebenzisa iibrashi ezithambileyo ukubamba iindawo ezithile zeenwele ukuze uphucule ngakumbi imbonakalo yonke.
Ukulungisa ukungafezeki kunye ukulungisa ukukhanya kwi GIMP
Kukhangelo lwefoto egqibeleleyo, ngamanye amaxesha sinokufumana ukungafezeki kumfanekiso. Ngethamsanqa, i-GIMP ibonelela ngezixhobo kunye nobuchule bokulungisa ezi mpazamo kunye nokufezekisa umfanekiso ophucukileyo kunye nobuchwephesha. Enye yezona ndawo ziphambili esinokusebenza kuzo ziinwele. Kule tutorial, siya kukubonisa indlela yokutshintsha umbala weenwele inyathelo ngesinyathelo usebenzisa i-GIMP.
Ngaphambi kokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhetha umaleko oqulethe iinwele esifuna ukuzilungisa. Oku kuya kusivumela ukuba sisebenze ngokungonakalisi kwaye sigcine wonke umfanekiso wokuqala. Nje ukuba umaleko ukhethiwe, sinokusebenzisa isixhobo sokukhetha sasimahla ukulandelela ngobunono ubume beenwele. . Ukufezekisa ukhetho oluchanekileyo, sinokuhlengahlengisa iiparitha zesixhobo, ezifana nobukhulu bebrashi kunye ne-opacity, ngokweemfuno zethu.
Nje ukuba iinwele zikhethwe, sinokusebenzisa isixhobo sokulinganisa umbala ukunyenyisa ithoni yaso. Xa ucofa kwesi sixhobo, ifestile entsha iya kuvula ngeesilayidi ezahlukeneyo eziza kusivumela ukuba siguqule umbala weenwele. Ukutshintsha umbala weenweleSityibela ngokulula izilawuli de sifike kwithowuni oyifunayo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba iisetingi zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumfanekiso kunye nesibane sokuqala, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uzame iisetingi ezahlukeneyo de ufumane isiphumo oyifunayo. Nje ukuba sigqibile, sinokufaka utshintsho kwaye siwuthande umbala omtsha weenwele kumfanekiso wethu.
Khumbula ukuba ukuziqhelanisa kubalulekile ekulawuleni iindlela zokuhlela umfanekiso kwi-GIMP. Zama ngeefoto ezahlukeneyo kwaye ucele umngeni ukuba uphucule izakhono zakho zokuhlela. Ngomonde kunye nokuzinikela, uya kukwazi ukulungisa ukungafezeki kunye nokulungelelanisa ukukhanya kwemifanekiso yakho, ukudala imifanekiso emangalisayo kunye nezobugcisa. Ungathandabuzi ukwabelana ngeziphumo zakho kunye namava kunye noluntu lwe-GIMP ukuqhubeka nokufunda kunye nokuphucula kunye. Yonwabela ihlabathi lokuhlela imifanekiso nge-GIMP!
Ukugqiba utshintsho lombala weenwele ngokuchukumisa okokugqibela kwi-GIMP
Ukuchukumisa okokugqibela yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokutshintsha umbala weenwele kwi-GIMP. Emva kokuba ugqibile ukusebenzisa umbala omtsha kumfanekiso, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ibonakala ilungile kwaye yendalo.
Enye yezinto zokugqibela ezichukumisayo onokuzenza kukulungelelanisa ukuqaqamba kunye nokuchasana kweenwele. Oku kuya kunceda umbala ukhangeleke ngakumbi kwaye ukhanyise. Ungasebenzisa ukukhanya/uthelekiso lolungelelaniso isixhobo ukuphumeza oku. Qinisekisa ukuba ufumana ibhalansi elungileyo ukuze umbala ujongeke ngokwenyani kodwa udlamkile.
Enye into ebalulekileyo yokugqiba ukuthambisa imiphetho ejikeleze iinwele. Ngamanye amaxesha emva kokutshintsha umbala, imiphetho inokubukeka imdaka okanye iphikiseli. Ungasebenzisa isixhobo sokugudisa ukususa ezi ziphumo zingafunwayo. Qinisekisa ukuba awugqithisi kakhulu ukuthambisa, njengoko oku kunokwenza iinwele zibonakale zimfiliba.
Ukongeza, ungasebenzisa isixhobo se-cloning ukulungisa nakuphi na ukungafezeki kweenwele zakho, njengamabala okanye iindawo ezinemibala. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba wenze uhlengahlengiso oluncinci kwaye ugqibelele umbala weenwele ngakumbi.
Khumbula ukuba ezi zezinye zezinto ezichukumisayo zokugqibela Ungenzani ukugqiba ukutshintsha umbala weenwele kwi-GIMP. Kubalulekile ukwenza umfuniselo kwaye ufumane ibhalansi elungileyo kumfanekiso ngamnye. Ngokuziqhelanisa okuncinci kunye nomonde, unokufezekisa iziphumo ezinomtsalane kwaye uguqule ngokupheleleyo inkangeleko yomntu ngokuguqula umbala weenwele zabo.
NdinguSebastián Vidal, injineli yekhompyuter ethanda itekhnoloji kunye ne-DIY. Ngaphaya koko, ndingumdali we tecnobits.com, apho ndabelana ngee-tutorials ukwenza itekhnoloji ifikeleleke kwaye iqondeke kumntu wonke.