Uyenza njani ixesha kwi-Excel inyathelo ngenyathelo

Yenza umda wexesha kwi-Excel I-Excel yenye yezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zokucwangcisa izigaba zeprojekthi okanye amanyathelo abalulekileyo, ukucwangcisa imisebenzi, okanye ukubonisa ukulandelelana kweziganeko. Ngelixa i-Excel inokubonakala ngathi i-spreadsheet- kunye nesixhobo esijolise kumanani, inika imisebenzi emininzi kunye nokhetho lokuguqula uluhlu olulula lube ngamaxesha anomtsalane.

Ngokuqhelekileyo sinxulumanisa amaxesha kunye neenkqubo ezithile zolawulo lweprojekthi, kodwa inyaniso kukuba I-Excel inokuguquguquka okwaneleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zobuqu nezeshishini. Into ephambili kukuqonda izibonelelo ezinikezelayo, ukudibanisa iitemplates, kwaye uthathe ithuba lokwenza ngokwezifiso ukuze isiphumo sokugqibela sicace, sibonakale, kwaye siluncedo kakhulu. Ngezantsi esona sikhokelo sigqibeleleyo kwaye sihlaziyiwe sokufunda indlela yokwenza umgca wexesha kwi-Excel inyathelo ngenyathelo, usebenzisa iindlela zombini kunye neetemplates kunye nezongezo. Siza kujonga kwakhona indlela yokuphucula uyilo kwaye sijonge ezinye iindlela. Masiqalise nge indlela yokwenza umgca wexesha kwi-Excel. 

Yintoni umda wexesha kwaye kutheni udala enye kwi-Excel?

Umgca wexesha, obizwa ngokuba ishedyuli, sisixhobo esibonwayo esibonisa uthotho lweziganeko, imisebenzi, okanye iziganeko ezibalulekileyo ezicwangciswe ngokolandelelwano ngokwesikali. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili ngu vumela ukuqonda ngokukhawuleza inkqubela phambili yeprojekthi okanye ukulandelelana kwezenzo ezibalulekileyo, ukuququzelela ulawulo lwemisebenzi, imihla ebekiweyo kunye nabo banoxanduva.

Yiba nomfanekiso ngqondweni weziganeko ezibalulekileyo Iprojekthi inceda amaqela ukuba aqonde imeko xa uthi krwaqu nje, alindele imiqobo, kwaye anxibelelane nenkqubela phambili kunye nexesha elibekiweyo kwabachaphazelekayo. Nangona izixhobo ezifana neProjekthi yeMicrosoft okanye iinkqubo ze-intanethi ezifana ne-GanttPRO igxile koku, I-Excel yindlela efikelelekayo neguquguqukayo ukuba uninzi lwabasebenzisi kunye neenkampani zikufuphi.

Iinketho zokwenza umda wexesha kwi-Excel

Unokuphuhlisa ishedyuli ukusuka ekuqaleni usebenzisa imisebenzi ye-Excel, ngokukodwa usebenzisa i-scatter okanye iitshathi zomgca; okanye unokukhetha kwakhona itemplates echazwe kwangaphambili ngoyilo lobuchwephesha eyenza umsebenzi ube lula. Kwaye, kukho ezinye iindlela ngaphandle kwe-Excel ukuba ujonge isantya esingaphezulu.

• Itshathi yokuchithachitha ngesandla: Ikuvumela ukuba uyile umgca wexesha olungelelanisiweyo ngokupheleleyo kwiitafile kunye nedatha yakho.
• Iitemplate ezisemthethweni ze-Excel okanye ze-Ofisi.com: Ziyisisombululo esikhawulezayo, esibonakalayo kwaye sifanelekile kwabo babeka phambili ukuyila kunye nokusebenza.
• Iiplagi kunye nosetyenziso lwangaphandle: Iinkqubo ezifana ne-GanttPRO zibonelela ngokudala umda wexesha ngocofa nje okumbalwa kunye nezinye iinketho ezininzi zegraphic.

Isikhokelo senyathelo ngesinyathelo sokwenza umgca wexesha owenziwe ngesandla kwi-Excel

1. Faka imigama yakho kunye nemihla kwitheyibhile

Inyathelo lokuqala ngu chaza iziganeko eziphambili zeprojekthi yakho. Yenza itheyibhile encinci kwi-Excel kunye neekholamu ezimbini eziphambili: inkcazo yesiganeko kunye nomhla ohambelanayo. Unokongeza ikholamu eyongezelelweyo ukunika ixabiso lamanani kwinqanaba ngalinye, likuvumela ukuba uzibeke kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwetshati kwaye uthintele iilebhile ukuba zigqithe:

• Umqolo A: Inkcazo yeMilestone (Umzekelo: "Qala", "iSigaba soku-1 sokuhanjiswa", "iNtlanganiso yokuGqibela").
• Umqolo B: Umhla weMilestone.
• Umhlathi C (uyazikhethela): Ulandelelwano lwamanani olufana no-1, 2, 3, 4, oluphindaphindiweyo ukuba uneempawu zomhlaba ezininzi. Ngale ndlela, amanqaku aya kubonakala kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo.

Icebiso: Ukuba uneziganeko ezininzi, tshintshanisa amaxabiso amanani (umzekelo, 1, 2, 1, 2) ukuze iilebhile zigxadazele kwaye zingathungelani.

2. Faka itshathi yokuchithachitha

Nje ukuba itafile ilungile, khetha iseli engenanto kwiphepha kwaye ucofe ithebhu Faka. Kwiqela lemizobo, khetha Ukusasazeka ("Ukusasaza") okanye "Itshathi yeBhabhula". Itshathi engenanto iya kuvela, ilindele ukumiselwa.

Olu hlobo lwetshati lufanelekile kwiindlela zexesha, kuba Ungachaza zombini i-X (imihla) kunye no Y (ixabiso/inqanaba) izembe ngendlela eyenzelwe umntu kakhulu.

3. Yongeza idatha yakho kwitshathi

Cofa ekunene kwindawo emhlophe yetshathi kwaye ukhethe Khetha idathaIfestile yemithombo yedatha iya kuvula. Cofa apha Yongeza ukwenza uthotho olutsha.

• X Amaxabiso: Khetha umhlathi opheleleyo kwitheyibhile yakho.
• IiNqobo zikaY: Khetha umqolo wamaxabiso amanani. Ukuba awuzange udale le kholamu, unako ukubeka onke amanqaku kwinqanaba elifanayo, nangona kucetyiswa ukuba utshintshe amaxabiso ukwahlula iziganeko ngaphakathi kwe-axis yetshathi.

Pulsa ukwamukela kwaye iyelenqe lakho lokuchithachitha liya kuhlaziya libonisa amanqaku abekwe ngokomhla kunye nexabiso lamanani.

4. Guqula igrafu ibe ngumda wexesha

Sele unawo amanqaku, kodwa ukwenza igrafu isebenze njengomgca wexesha kufuneka uhlengahlengise ifomathi yayo:

• Susa izinto ezingeyomfuneko: Cofa iqhosha lokukhetha itshathi (sayina +) kwaye isusa imigca yegridi, isihloko setshathi, kunye nomgca othe nkqo (Y) umgca ohamba phakathi, ishiya kuphela umhla womgca ohamba phambili.
• Yongeza iilebhile kunye neempazamo zebar: Jonga iinketho ze Iileyibhile zedatha ukubonisa amagama eembali kunye Imivalo yempazamo ukudibanisa amachaphaza kumgca wexesha.
• Lungiselela iibar zempazamo: Cofa ekunene kuyo nayiphi na ibha yempazamo, khetha Ifomathi kwaye uzimise ukuba zibe yimigca ethe nkqo (“Minus” option) kwaye uzibeke kwi-100% isixa-mali ukwenzela ukuba ziwele ukusuka kwinqanaba le-milestone ukuya kwinqanaba lexesha.

Uyabona ukuba imivalo ethe tye ayiyomfuneko okanye ufuna ethe nkqo kuphela? Qwalasela ifomathi yokususa ibha ethe tye kwaye ushiye kuphela ibha ethe nkqo, uhlengahlengiso lombala, ubukhulu, kunye nokungafihli ukuphucula ukubonakala.

5. Lungisa uyilo kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso

Kweli nqanaba sele unako lungisa ixesha lakho kangangoko kunokwenzeka:

• Imibala yamachaphaza: Cofa ekunene nasiphi na isiphawuli kwaye ukhethe "Uluhlu lweDatha yokuFomatha." Ukusuka kwimenyu, khetha umbala wesiphawuli ofuna ukuwugqamisa kwinqanaba ngalinye.
• Ukucaca kweziqhagamshelo: Ukuba izihlanganisi ezithe nkqo zibonakala ziqatha kakhulu, lungisa ukungafihli kwazo usebenzisa ifomathi yempazamo ethe nkqo.
• Indawo yeziganeko ezibalulekileyo: Khumbula ukuba ungawatshintsha amaxabiso amanani kwikholamu ethi "Height" kwisiseko setheyibhile ukuhambisa i-milestones phezulu okanye ezantsi kwaye uthintele iilebhile ukuba zingadlulanga.
• Lungisa imida yomhla: Cofa ekunene kwi-axis yomhla kwaye ukhethe u-"Format Axis" ukulungisa amaxabiso aphantsi kunye nawona maphezulu ukuze ilingane itshathi kwixesha lomdla kuwe.

Kubalulekile: Ungasebenzisa imixholo kunye nezimbo ze Excel Ukutshintsha ngokukhawuleza imibala yetshathi, iifonti, kunye nezitayile ezisuka kuYilo lwePhepha okanye ithebhu yoYilo lweTshati, khetha ngokulula umxholo okanye iphalethi yombala ukuhlaziya inkangeleko iyonke yomgca wakho wexesha.

Uyenza njani ixesha kwi-Excel?

6. Yongeza izihloko kunye neelebhile ezichazayo

Ungalibali ukuba ama-milestones kufuneka kube lula ukuwachonga. Ukubonisa amagama abalulekileyo:

• Ekunene cofa kuyo nayiphi na ileyibhile kwitshathi kwaye ukhethe Ifomathi yeleyibhile yedatha.
• Khetha Ixabiso leseli kwaye ibonisa uluhlu apho uneenkcazelo zakho zemilestone kwitheyibhile.
• Unako ukususa i- "Y Value" ukhetho ukuze kuphela igama elibalulekileyo liboniswe.

Umphumo ngumgca wexesha elibandakanya amanqaku esiganeko, imigca yokudibanisa, kunye neelebhile ezichazayo, zonke zilungelelaniswe kwisikali sexesha olifunayo.

7. Isimbo kwaye uphucule ixesha lakho kwi-Excel

Nje ukuba usete ulwakhiwo olusisiseko, unokuchitha imizuzu embalwa wenze umda wexesha lakho ubonakale ubuchwephesha bokwenene:

• Lungiselela imibala kunye neefonti: Yiya ku "Uyilo lwePhepha"> "Imixholo" ukutshintsha ngokukhawuleza yonke inkangeleko yomzobo. Ungayiguqula imibala kunye neefonti ngokwahlukeneyo.
• Sebenzisa ipalethi yombala wetshathi: Ukusuka kwithebhu yoYilo lweTshati, cofa ipeyile yepeyinti ebhalwe “Tshintsha Imibala” ukuze usebenzise izikimu zombala zehlabathi.
• Lungisa unikezelo: Ukuba ubona indawo engenanto ngakwesobunxele okanye ekunene, lungisa imida ye-axis ukuze uthathe inzuzo yobubanzi obupheleleyo betshathi.
• Shicilela okanye uthumele ngaphandle: Nje ukuba ugqityiwe, ixesha lakho linokuprintwa ngokulula, ligcinwe njengePDF, okanye lidityaniswe kwiinkcazo-ntetho.

Ingcebiso engundoqo yabelana ngethempleyithi yomgca wexesha nabasebenzisana nabo okanye abaphathi ukunika isishwankathelo senkqubela phambili yeprojekthi yakho. Oku kunceda ukugcina wonke umntu enolwazi kwaye ehambelana neenjongo. Ukuba ufuna ukuqhubeka nokufunda nge-Excel, jonga elinye inqaku Eyona fomyula ibaluleke kakhulu ye-Excel ukuqala ukusuka ekuqaleni njengeproSinenani elikhulu labo phakathi Tecnobits, sebenzisa nje injini yokukhangela.