Uyenza njani iRocket

Uhlaziyo lokugqibela: 08/07/2023
Umbhali: USebastian Vidal

Ukuphuhliswa kunye nokwakhiwa kweerokethi Yinkqubo Ubugcisa obuphezulu obubandakanya ulwazi olunzulu lwefiziksi kunye nobunjineli be-aerospace. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ngokweenkcukacha amanyathelo abandakanyekayo ekwakhiweni kwerokethi, ukusuka ekukhetheni izixhobo ukuya kuyilo kunye nokuqhutywa. Ngokusebenzisa indlela engathathi hlangothi kunye nengqongqo, siya kuqhekeza ubunzima bale ndawo inomdla, sikunika isiseko esiyimfuneko sokuqonda kunye nokwenza umsebenzi onomdla wokwakha eyakho rocket. Sijoyine kolu hambo lwesayensi kwaye masifumanise kunye indlela yokwenza i-rocket.

1. Intshayelelo yokwenza iRocket: Uyenza njani i-rocket ukusuka ekuqaleni?

Ukwenziwa kweerokethi yinkqubo entsonkothileyo efuna ukucwangciswa, ulwazi lobugcisa kunye nothotho lwamanyathelo anobulumko. Kule posi, siza kukubonisa isikhokelo esineenkcukacha malunga nendlela yokwenza i-rocket ukususela ekuqalei, ukusuka ekuqulunqweni kwengcamango ukuya kusungulo oluyimpumelelo.

Phambi kokuba uqalise, kubalulekile ukuqaqambisa ukuba ukwenziwa kweerokhethi luqeqesho olukhethekileyo olufuna izixhobo eziqeqeshiweyo nezifanelekileyo. Nangona amanyathelo aqhelekileyo afana, kubalulekile ukulungelelanisa inkqubo nganye kwiimfuno ezithile zezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukwenza uphando olucokisekileyo kwimigaqo esisiseko ye-rocket-related physics kunye ne-aerodynamics. Oku kuya kukunceda uqonde iikhonsepthi eziphambili kunye nemingeni oya kujongana nayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba ufumana zonke iimvume kunye neelayisensi eziyimfuneko ngaphambi kokuba uqalise, njengoko ukuveliswa kweerokethi kunokuxhomekeka kwimigaqo kunye nemigangatho ethile kwilizwe lakho.

2. Iziseko zePropulsion: Isikhokelo soBugcisa kwiiRockets

I-Propulsion ngumgaqo osisiseko oqhubela iirokethi emajukujukwini. Ukuqonda imigaqo esisiseko yokuqhubela phambili kubalulekile kuyilo oluyimpumelelo kunye nokusebenza kweerokethi. Kwesi sikhokelo sobugcisa, siya kuphonononga ngokweenkcukacha iikhonsepthi eziphambili kunye neethiyori ezisisiseko kwi-rocket propulsion.

Umgaqo ongundoqo ekuqhubeni i-rocket propulsion ngumthetho wesithathu kaNewton, othi kwisenzo ngasinye kukho ukusabela okulinganayo nokuchasayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa i-rocket ikhupha iigesi ngesantya esiphezulu, ezi gesi zityhala i-rocket kwelinye icala. Iirokhethi zisebenzisa ii-injini zokuqhuba ukuvelisa la mandla okuqhuba. Ii-injini zerokhethi ubukhulu becala zenziwe nge-booster system kunye ne-propulsion system.

Inkqubo yokuqhubela phambili iquka iitanki zamafutha, kunye nomxube we-fuel kunye ne-oxidizer. Ezi tanki zenzelwe ukugcina zombini i-fuel kunye ne-oxidizer kwiimeko ezizinzileyo nezikhuselekileyo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkqubo ye-propulsion ibandakanya yonke isethi yezixhobo kunye namacandelo ayimfuneko ukubonelela nge-spark yokuqala, ukulawula ukuhamba kwe-fuel kunye ne-oxidizer, kunye nokuqondisa ukukhutshwa kweegesi nge-nozzle. Indibaniselwano echanekileyo kunye nolawulo lwezi nkqubo kubalulekile ukufezekisa ukuqhutywa okwaneleyo kunye nokubhabha okuyimpumelelo kwerokethi.

3. Izinto ezibalulekileyo zokwakha i-rocket: Yintoni oyifunayo ukuze uqalise?

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwakha i-rocket, kubalulekile ukuba ube nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuqinisekisa impumelelo yeprojekthi yakho. Ngezantsi sidwelisa izinto ezibalulekileyo oza kuzifuna:

  • 1. Isikhongozelo soMsebenzi oMnzi: Uya kufuna i-cylinder yentsimbi eyomeleleyo okanye ityhubhu eya kusebenza njengesakhiwo esiphambili serokethi yakho. Qinisekisa ukuba isikhongozeli somelele ngokwaneleyo ukuba singamelana noxinzelelo olwenziwa ngexesha lokubhabha.
  • 2. Injini yokuqhubela phambili: Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, eyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo yerokhethi. Injini yokuqhubela phambili iya kuvelisa amandla ayimfuneko ukuqhubela phambili i-rocket phezulu. Ungathenga ii-motor propulsion kwiivenkile ezikhethekileyo okanye uzenzele eyakho imoto yasekhaya.
  • 3. Ukuzinzisa amaphiko: Iifins zibalulekile ukugcina uzinzo lwerokhethi ngexesha lokubhabha. Uya kufuna ubuncinane iifins ezintathu ze-aerodynamic ezincamathela kwi ngasemva yerokhethi. Qinisekisa ukuba iifins zenziwe ngezinto ezikhaphukhaphu kodwa ezomeleleyo, njengeplastiki okanye iplywood.
  • 4. Inkqubo yokusasazwa kweParachute: Ukuqinisekisa ukuhla okukhuselekileyo nokugudileyo, kuyafuneka ukuba ube neparachute esetyenziswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba iparashute inkulu ngokwaneleyo ukucothisa ukuwa kwerokethi kwaye uthintele umonakalo.
  • 5. Combustible: Ngokuqinisekileyo, awukwazi ukulibala amafutha e-rocket yakho. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwenjini yokuqhubela phambili oyisebenzisayo, kuya kufuneka uthenge amafutha afanelekileyo. Khumbula ukulandela imiyalelo yokhuseleko xa uphethe kwaye ugcina isibaso.

Ezi zezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo oza kuzidinga ukuze wakhe i-rocket. Khumbula ukuba ukwakha i-rocket kunokubandakanya imingcipheko, ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho yokhuseleko kwaye ube neliso elibukhali lomntu omdala ukuba ungumntwana. Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise, qiniseka ukuba wenze uphando olongezelelweyo ngesihloko kwaye ujonge izifundo okanye imizekelo yokwakha i-rocket ngolwazi olungakumbi kunye neengcebiso eziluncedo.

4. Uyilo lwe-rocket kunye nesakhiwo: Amanyathelo aphambili okuqinisekisa impumelelo

Uyilo kunye nolwakhiwo lwerokhethi yinkqubo entsonkothileyo efuna ukucwangciswa okucokisekileyo kunye nokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa impumelelo yayo. Ngezantsi zi amanyathelo aphambili ukulandela ukuphumeza uyilo olusebenzayo kunye nolwakhiwo:

1. Chaza iinjongo kunye neemfuno: Kubalulekile ukuseka ngokucacileyo iinjongo zerokhethi, ezinjengomthwalo ohlawulwayo, ubuninzi bobude obufikelelweyo, kunye nobude bexesha lokubhabha. Ukongezelela, iimfuno zobugcisa kunye nokusebenza kufuneka zinqunywe, ngokuqwalasela iinkalo ezifana nobunzima, ukuchasana kwezinto kunye nokhuseleko.

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2. Yenza uphando kunye nohlalutyo: Ngaphambi kokuqala uyilo, kuyimfuneko ukuphanda imigaqo ye-aerodynamics kunye ne-propulsion, kunye nokuhlalutya koyilo lwe-rocket ekhoyo. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba ufumane isiseko esiluqilima sokuphuhlisa uyilo lwakho. Ukulinganisa kunye nezixhobo zokubala kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukuvavanya iinketho ezahlukeneyo kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kwe-rocket.

3. Yila kwaye wenze imodeli yerokhethi: Ngolwazi oluqokelelweyo kunye nohlalutyo olwenziweyo, i-rocket yenzelwe kwaye imodeli. Oku kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwesoftware yoyilo oluncediswa yikhompyutha (CAD). ukudala imodeli ye-dimensional emithathu emele ngokunyanisekileyo umzimba we-rocket. Imiba efana nemilo, ubungakanani, ukuhanjiswa kobunzima, kunye nendawo yamalungu angaphakathi kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo.

5. Ukhetho lwamafutha: Ungakhetha njani ipropellant efanelekileyo?

Xa ukhetha i-propellant efanelekileyo ye-injini okanye umatshini, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela izinto ezininzi ezinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo. Ezi zinto ziquka iimpawu zenjini, iimfuno zamandla, iindleko zamafutha kunye nokufumaneka. Nazi izinto eziphambili ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa ukhetha isibaso esifanelekileyo:

1. Injongo kunye nodidi lwesicelo: Isinyathelo sokuqala kukuchaza injongo kunye nohlobo lwesicelo ukugqiba iimfuno zokusebenza kwemoto. Umzekelo, ukuba yi-rocket injini yendawo, kuya kufuneka amafutha ukwenza okuphezulu kunye ne-high thrust-to-weight ratio. Kwelinye icala, ukuba yinjini yemoto, kuya kufunwa amafutha anika amandla afanelekileyo.

2. Iimpawu zesibaso: Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimpawu ze-fuel, ezifana nexabiso layo lokufudumala, i-flash point kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali. Ixabiso lokufudumeza limisela ubungakanani bamandla akhululwe ngexesha lokutsha, ngelixa i-flash point ibonisa ubuncinci beqondo lokushisa apho i-fuel inokutshisa. Ukongeza, ukuzinza kweekhemikhali zamafutha kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukutsha okukhuselekileyo kunye okufanayo.

3. Ukufikeleleka kunye neendleko: Ubukho bamafutha kunye neendleko kufuneka nazo ziqwalaselwe. Amanye amafutha anokuba lula ukuwafumana kwimimandla okanye kumazwe athile, ngoxa amanye esenokungabi naxabiso okanye abize kakhulu. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukufikeleleka kwexesha elide le-fuel kunye neendleko, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezifuna ukubonelela ngokuqhubekayo.

6. Izibalo ze-Thrust kunye nokusebenza: Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-rocket yakho

Ukwandisa ukusebenza kwerokhethi yakho, kubalulekile ukwenza izibalo ezichanekileyo kunye nokusebenza. Ezi zibalo ziya kukuvumela ukuba uqikelele umyinge wokutyhala ofunekayo ukufikelela kwisantya esifunekayo kunye nokuphakama, kunye nokuqikelela ukusebenza kakuhle kwerokhethi yakho ngokwemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kwamafutha.

Inyathelo eliphambili kule nkqubo kukuqonda imigaqo esisiseko yefiziksi yokubhabha kwerokhethi. Kuya kufuneka uziqhelanise neengqikelelo ezinje ngomthetho wogcino lwesantya somgca kunye nomthetho wesithathu kaNewton, olawula ukuziphatha kweerokethi. Kwakhona ufanele ukwazi iimpawu zamafutha ahlukeneyo kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo ukusebenza kwe-rocket.

Nje ukuba uqonde iziseko, ungaqala ukwenza izibalo eziyimfuneko. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo zokwenza ezi zibalo, njengeNdlela yeTsiolkovsky kunye nesofthiwe yokulinganisa i-rocket flight.

7. Inyathelo ngenyathelo: INdibano ye-rocket motor kunye neenkqubo zokulawula

Ukudityaniswa kweemoto zerokhethi kunye neenkqubo zolawulo yinkqubo ephambili kuphuhliso lwerokethi kwaye kubalulekile ukulandela indlela Inyathelo nenyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo. Apha ngezantsi kukho inkqubo eneenkcukacha yokwenza lo msebenzi:

1. Ukulungiswa kwamacandelo: Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ukudibanisa, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba unazo zonke izinto eziyimfuneko, ezifana ne-booster motor, isakhiwo se-rocket, i-stabilization fins, kunye neenkqubo zokulawula. Qinisekisa ukuba icandelo ngalinye likwimeko entle kwaye lisebenza ngokugqibeleleyo.

2. Ukudibanisa i-rocket motor: Nje ukuba izixhobo zilungile, lixesha lokuhlanganisa i-rocket motor kwisakhelo se-rocket. Qinisekisa ukuba ulandela imiyalelo enikwe ngumenzi we-injini kwaye usebenzise izixhobo ezifanelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba imoto iqhagamshelwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ikhuselwe ukunqanda iingozi ezinokubakho ngexesha lokuqaliswa. Ngaphezu koko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze iimvavanyo zokusebenza phambi kokuba uqhubeke nala manyathelo alandelayo.

3. Ukufakwa kweenkqubo zokulawula: Iinkqubo zokulawula zibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza nokulawulwa kwe-rocket ngexesha lokuhamba. Ngokuxhomekeke kuyilo lwerokhethi, ezi nkqubo zinokubandakanya amaphiko alungelelanisiweyo, iigyroscopes, ii-accelerometers, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwe-elektroniki. Kubalulekile ukulandela ngononophelo imiyalelo yomenzi ukuqinisekisa ukufakela okufanelekileyo kunye nokulinganisa iinkqubo zokulawula.. Yenza uvavanyo olucokisekileyo kunye nohlengahlengiso ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye uphendule ngokufanelekileyo kwiimeko ezilindelekileyo zokubhabha.

Ngokulandela ngononophelo la manyathelo, ukudityaniswa kwe-rocket motor kunye neenkqubo zokulawula zinokugqitywa. ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye iyasebenza. Ukungatsibi nawaphi na amanyathelo okanye iinkcukacha zokungahoyi kubalulekile ukuze ufumane umsebenzi othembekileyo nowanelisayo we-rocket. Ngalo lonke ixesha ukhumbule ukubonisana nemithombo eyongezelelweyo yolwazi kwaye ufune iingcebiso zengcali kwimeko yamathandabuzo okanye iingxaki ngexesha lenkqubo yendibano.

8. Ukulinganisa kunye nokuvavanya kwibhubhoratri: Ukuqinisekiswa kokusebenza kakuhle kwe-rocket

Kweli candelo, siya kufunda indlela yokwenza ukulinganisa kunye neemvavanyo kwibhubhoratri yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-rocket. Olu vavanyo luya kusivumela ukuba sivavanye ukusebenza kwerokethi ngaphambi kokuqalisa kwaye senze uhlengahlengiso ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ngezantsi ngamanyathelo aphambili okuqhuba le nkqubo:

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1. Ukulinganisa ngenqwelomoya: Sebenzisa isoftware yokulinganisa inqwelomoya ukwenza imodeli yokuziphatha kwerokethi phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo. Lungisa iiparamitha ze-rocket ezinje ngobunzima, ukutyhala, kunye ne-trajectory kwaye ubone ukuba ziyichaphazela njani ukusebenza kwe-rocket. Hlalutya iziphumo zokuchonga iindawo ezinokuthi ziphuculwe.

2. Uvavanyo lwelebhu: Ukuqhuba iimvavanyo kwindawo elawulwayo ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwe-rocket. Sebenzisa izixhobo zokulinganisa ukufumana iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo malunga nobude obufikelelweyo, ixesha lokubhabha kunye nesantya. Thelekisa ezi ziphumo kunye nezo zifunyenwe kwi-simulation ukumisela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-rocket.

3. Uhlalutyo lwedatha: Hlalutya idatha eqokelelwe ngexesha lovavanyo ukuchonga imiba enokubakho okanye iindawo zokuphucula. Sebenzisa izixhobo zokuhlalutya izibalo ukufumana izigqibo ezinentsingiselo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, yenza uhlengahlengiso kuyilo lwerokhethi okanye amacandelo ukuphucula ukusebenza kwawo kakuhle.

9. Ukhuseleko kunye neenkqubo zokuthintela ingozi: Ukukhusela inkqubo yokuvelisa

Ukhuseleko kunye nokuthintela umngcipheko kubalulekile ukukhusela inkqubo yokuvelisa kulo naliphi na ishishini. Kubalulekile ukuphumeza iinkqubo zokhuseleko ezisebenzayo ezinceda ukuthintela iingozi kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwabasebenzi kunye noomatshini. Kweli candelo, amanye amanyathelo kunye nezenzo ezicetyiswayo ziya kuchazwa ukuphumeza ukukhuselwa okwaneleyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa.

Inyathelo lokuqala lokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kukwenza uhlolo olucokisekileyo lomngcipheko. Oku kubandakanya ukuchonga kunye nokuhlalutya iingozi ezinokubakho kwindawo yokusebenza, kunye nokumisela iziphumo kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kweengozi. Ngolu lwazi, amanyathelo athile okuthintela anokuphunyezwa, njengokufakela izithintelo zokhuseleko, iimpawu ezifanelekileyo zeendawo ezinobungozi, kunye nabasebenzi bokuqeqesha.

Omnye umlinganiselo obalulekileyo kukuseka iinkqubo zokhuseleko ezichazwe ngokucacileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukuseka iiprothokholi kunye nemithetho yokusetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo koomatshini kunye nezixhobo, kunye nokuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kweekhemikhali kunye nezinto ezinokutsha. Ngokunjalo, iisistim zokucupha kunye nokubeka iliso kufuneka zisekwe ukufumanisa nayiphi na ingozi engafanelekanga okanye enokubakho kwaye kuthathwe amanyathelo okulungisa ahambelanayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

10. Iingqwalasela ze-Aerodynamic: Ukuyila iiRokethi eziBhabhela phezulu kwaye ngokukhawuleza

Xa uyila iirokethi ezibhabha phezulu kwaye ngokukhawuleza, kubalulekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo i-aerodynamic. Ezi ngqwalasela zibhekiselele kufundo kunye nohlalutyo lwemikhosi esebenza kwinto ehamba kulwelo, kulo mzekelo, umoya. Ukuqonda okuchanekileyo kwe-aerodynamics kuya kuvumela ukwenziwa ngcono kwemilo yerokethi ukufezekiswa ukusebenza kakuhle okukhulu kunye nokusebenza.

Enye yezinto eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kuyilo lwe-aerodynamic yerokethi kukumila kwefuselage. Imilo ye-aerodynamic iya kunciphisa ukuxhathisa komoya kwaye ivumele i-rocket ukuba ifikelele kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kunye nesantya. Ukwenza oku, kubalulekile ukuphepha izinto ezivelisa i-turbulence, njengama-angles aphakamileyo okanye iiprotrusions ezibukhali. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe izinto ezikhaphukhaphu kodwa ezomeleleyo ezinceda ukunciphisa ubunzima obupheleleyo berokhethi.

Enye into esisiseko kwi-rocket aerodynamics kukulawula uzinzo. Irokethi kufuneka ikwazi ukugcina indlela ethe tye kwaye izinzile kulo lonke uhambo lokubhabha. Ukufezekisa oku, i-fin design efanelekileyo ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ukuchasana okwaneleyo ukugcina ukuzinza kwesikhokelo. Ukongezelela, kuyimfuneko ukubeka iziko le-rocket of gravity kwindawo echanekileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo phambili, ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza okwaneleyo. Kubalulekile ukwenza uvavanyo olubanzi kunye nokulinganisa ukufumana ubumbeko olufanelekileyo.

11. Iinkqubo zokulawula kunye nezikhokelo: Indlela yokuqinisekisa i-rocket trajectory efanelekileyo

Iinkqubo zokulawula kunye nesikhokelo zizinto ezibalulekileyo eziqinisekisa umkhondo ofanelekileyo we-rocket ngexesha lokubhabha kwayo. Ezi nkqubo zinceda ukugcina i-rocket kwikhondo elichanekileyo kwaye iqinisekise ukuba ifikelela ekujoliswe kuyo ngokukhuselekileyo nangokuchanekileyo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga amacandelo kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa kwisikhokelo serokethi kunye neenkqubo zolawulo.

Enye yezinto eziphambili kwinkqubo yokulawula kunye nesikhokelo yigyroscope, elinganisa ukuqhelaniswa kwe-rocket esithubeni. I-gyroscope inika ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga nesimo sengqondo se-rocket, ivumela abalawuli ukuba balungise indlela yayo njengoko kuyimfuneko. Ukongeza, iinkqubo zokulawula zinokusebenzisa i-accelerometers ukulinganisa ukukhawulezisa kwe-rocket kunye nokwenza uhlengahlengiso kwi-trajectory.

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula ezisetyenziswa kulawulo lwe-rocket kunye neenkqubo zokukhokela. Enye yazo lulawulo lwe-proportional integral derivative (PID), oluhlala luhlengahlengisa ii-actuator zerokhethi ukuze ziyigcine kwindlela efanelekileyo. Ulawulo lwe-PID lusebenzisa ingxelo rhoqo ukulungisa nakuphi na ukutenxa kwikhosi efunekayo. Obunye ubuchule obuqhelekileyo lulawulo oluguquguqukayo, olusekwe kwiimodeli zemathematika ezilungisa iiparamitha zolawulo ngexesha langempela ukuziqhelanisa nokutshintsha kweemeko.

12. Ukwenziwa kunye nokudibanisa amacandelo angaphandle: Ukubaluleka kweenkcukacha

Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nendibano yamacandelo angaphandle, ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha ibaluleke kakhulu. Yonke into encinci ingenza umehluko kumgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela. Ukusuka kuyilo ukuya ekukhethweni kwezinto kunye nokwenziwa kwemveliso, isigaba ngasinye sidinga indlela ecokisekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukwaneliseka kwabathengi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo.

Enye yezona ndlela zilungileyo kukwenza izifundo ezicacileyo nezicacileyo kubo bonke abasebenzi ababandakanyekayo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nendibano. Ezi zifundo kufuneka zibandakanye imiyalelo yesinyathelo-nge-nyathelo, ukugqamisa amaphuzu abalulekileyo kunye nokubonelela ngeengcebiso eziluncedo ukuphepha iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo. Ngaphezu koko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye umgangatho ophezulu esiqinisekisa indibano echanekileyo kunye nokuveliswa okuthembekileyo koyilo lokuqala.

Umxholo okhethekileyo- Cofa Apha  Ityala lixazululiwe

Enye inkalo ephambili kukubandakanywa kwemizekelo ebonakalayo ebonisa ukubaluleka kweenkcukacha kwimveliso kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwamacandelo angaphandle. Le mizekelo ingabonisa zombini amabali empumelelo kunye neempazamo ezibizayo, ebonisa indlela ukongamela okuncinci kwinkqubo kunokuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso yokugqibela. Ngokubonelela ngemizekelo ebonakalayo, ugxininisa ukubaluleka kokunikela ingqalelo kuzo zonke iinkcukacha. ukususela ekuqaleni kude kube sekupheleni kwenkqubo yokuvelisa.

13. Amalungiselelo okuphehlelelwa: Iitshekhi zokugqibela kunye neemfuno phambi kokunduluka

Inkqubo yamalungiselelo okuphehlelelwa kweprojekthi yasemajukujukwini ibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe impumelelo nokhuseleko lobuthunywa. Ngaphambi kokuhamba, kuyimfuneko ukwenza uthotho lweetshekhi zokugqibela kwaye uhlangabezane neemfuno ezithile ezibalulekileyo. Apha ngezantsi kukho amanqanaba kunye nemiba ephambili ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kwesi sigaba sokugqibela samalungiselelo.

1. Ukutshekisha zonke iinkqubo: Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iisistim ezikwisithuthi sokuphehlelelwa zikwimeko egqibeleleyo kwaye ziyasebenza. Oku kubandakanya ukuphonononga ukuqhubela phambili, unxibelelwano, amandla, ulawulo lwenqwelomoya kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko ngokweenkcukacha. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukwenza iimvavanyo ezigcweleyo ukufumanisa ukungaphumeleli okunokwenzeka okanye ukungahambi kakuhle.

2. Ukuthotyelwa kweemfuneko zolawulo: Ngaphambi kokunduluka, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iimfuno ezilawulwa ngamagunya ahambelana ne-aerospace ziyafezekiswa. Oku kubandakanya ukufumana iilayisenisi eziyimfuneko kunye namaphepha-mvume, kunye nokuthobela imigaqo yokhuseleko nokhuseleko. okusingqongileyo.

3. Ukuqhuba ii-drills kunye noqeqesho: Ukulungiselela nayiphi na imeko ngexesha lokuphehlelelwa, kubalulekile ukwenza ii-drills kunye noqeqesho rhoqo. Oku kuvumela iqela lonke elibandakanyekayo ukuba liziqhelanise neenkqubo zokusebenza ezisemgangathweni kwaye liqhelane nezinto ezinokwenzeka ezinokwenzeka. Uvavanyo lokufuduka, unxibelelwano olungxamisekileyo kunye nolawulo lweenkqubo zokhuseleko kufuneka lwenziwe.

Ukulungiselela ukuqaliswa kweprojekthi yendawo kufuna umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ngononophelo kunye nokuthotyelwa kweemfuno. Ukuphononongwa ngokucokisekileyo kwazo zonke iinkqubo, ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yolawulo, kunye nokuqhuba uqheliso zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukunduluka okuyimpumelelo nokukhuselekileyo. Kubalulekile ukulandela indlela engqongqo kunye nengqongqo kweli nqanaba lokugqibela lokulungiselela ukuphepha iingxaki kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko ngexesha lemishini yendawo.

14. Uvavanyo oluqhubekayo kunye nokuphucula: Ukucokisa izakhono zakho zokwakha rocket

Nje ukuba uyakhe kwaye uqalise i-rocket yakho yokuqala, kubalulekile ukwenza uphononongo olucokisekileyo ukuze uchonge nayiphi na indawo ekufuneka iphuculwe. Ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kubalulekile ekuphuculeni izakhono zakho zokwakha i-rocket kunye nokuqinisekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo kwiiprojekthi ezizayo. Nanga amanye amanyathelo angundoqo okukunceda kule nkqubo:

  • Phonononga iziphumo zophehlelelo lwangaphambili kwaye uhlalutye idatha eqokelelweyo. Oku kunokubandakanya imilinganiselo yomgama, ixesha lokubhabha, i-apogee, kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iimetrikhi ezifanelekileyo.
  • Chonga nayiphi na imiba okanye iingozi oye wazifumana ngexesha lokuqaliswa kwaye uhlalutye oonobangela abanokubakho. Qinisekisa ukuba loluphi uphuculo okanye utshintsho onokuthi uluphumeze ukunqanda ezi ngxaki ukuba zingenzeki kwixesha elizayo.
  • Cinga ngokuqhuba iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo kuyilo lwerokhethi yakho. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuguqulwa kwesakhelo, injini okanye inkqubo yokubuyisela. Ukuqhuba uvavanyo olubanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba naluphi na utshintsho olwenziweyo luyasebenza kwaye luphucule ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwe-rocket.

Ezinye iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo zokuphucula izakhono zakho zokwakha i-rocket ziquka:

  • Phanda kwaye ufunde kwabanye abakhi be-rocket abanamava. Thatha inxaxheba kuluntu lwe-intanethi okanye iminyhadala kunye nokhuphiswano ukwabelana ngolwazi kunye nokufumana impendulo ebalulekileyo.
  • Sebenzisa izixhobo zoyilo lwerokhethi kunye nesoftware ukukunceda wenze uyilo oluchanekileyo noluphuculweyo. Ezi zixhobo zinokukunceda ukubala ukuzinza kwe-rocket, ukusebenza kwe-injini, kunye neminye imiba ephambili.
  • Ungoyiki ukuzama kwaye uzame iimbono ezintsha kwinkqubo yakho yokwakha. Ukwakhiwa kwe-rocket yintsimi ehlala iguquka, kwaye ukusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha kubalulekile ekufezekiseni inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo.

Ngamafutshane, uphononongo oluqhubekayo kunye nophuculo lubalulekile ekuphuculeni izakhono zakho zokwakha iirokethi. Hlalutya iziphumo zokuqaliswa kwakho, chonga iindawo onokuziphucula, wenze uvavanyo olongezelelweyo, kwaye ufune ukufunda kwabanye abakhi berokethi. Ngexesha kunye nokuziqhelanisa, unokuphucula izakhono zakho kwaye ufumane iziphumo ezinomdla ngakumbi. kwiiprojekthi zakho yokwakhiwa kwemijukujelwa.

Ukuqukumbela, ukwenza i-rocket ngempumelelo kufuna ulwazi oluluqilima lobuchwephesha kunye nokucwangciswa okucokisekileyo. Ukususela kuyilo kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo ukuya ekwakheni kunye nokuhlanganiswa kokugqibela, isinyathelo ngasinye kufuneka sisondele ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokunyamekela.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukhuseleko lubaluleke kakhulu ngamaxesha onke. Ngaphezu koko, kubalulekile ukuthobela imigaqo kunye nemigangatho efanelekileyo ukuphepha imingcipheko engeyomfuneko kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusungulwa okuyimpumelelo.

Nje ukuba i-rocket ilungele ukuqaliswa, qiniseka ukuba ukhetha indawo efanelekileyo kwaye wenze zonke iitshekhi zokugqibela ngaphambi kokudubula iinjini. Ukubeka iliso ngononophelo kwaye uvavanye izalathisi eziphambili ngexesha lokubhabha ukuze uqinisekise ukulandelwa okukuko.

Kulo lonke eli nqaku, sihlolisise iziseko zendlela yokwenza i-rocket, ukusuka kwizinto ezisisiseko ukuya kwizinto ezinzima ngakumbi. Ngoku uxhotyiswe ngolwazi oluyimfuneko ukuze wenze le projekthi icela umngeni kodwa inika umdla.

Ngalo lonke ixesha khumbula ukuhlala unolwazi ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yamva nje kwaye ufunde kumava abanye abathanda isithuba. Siyathemba ukuba ukuqaliswa kwekamva lakho kuyimpumelelo emangalisayo kwaye ukuthanda kwakho iirokethi kuyaqhubeka nokukhula!