Indlela yokwenza imuvi ye-3D
Itekhnoloji yomboniso bhanyabhanya ye-3D iguqule ishishini lokonwabisa, ivumela ababukeli ukuba bazintywiliselekwihlabathi lenyani elinamacala amathathu. Yenza imuvi ye3D Ifuna inkqubo yobugcisa obucokisekileyo ebandakanya ukubanjwa kwemifanekiso ye-stereoscopic, ukusetyenziswa kweekhamera ezikhethekileyo kunye nokuveliswa emva kokuveliswa kwimeko yedijithali. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga yonke inkqubo inyathelo ngenyathelo ukuya hacer una película en 3D kwaye siya kufumanisa imiceli mngeni kunye nezibonelelo zale ndlela inomdla yokubalisa amabali kwiscreen esikhulu.
1. Ukuveliswa kwangaphambili: Ukuyila ibali kunye nokucwangciswa kwefilimu
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwenza ifilimu, kubalulekile ukuba nembono ecacileyo yembali kwaye oku kuya kukhula njani kwimeko-bume emacala amathathu. Kuyimfuneko ukuyila ngononophelo indawo nganye kwaye ucwangcise ukufota ngokuthathela ingqalelo iingqwalasela ezithile zobugcisa ze-3D, ezifana nomgama we-interpupillary kunye nokudibanisa kweekhamera. Ukongeza, abadlali kufuneka bakhethwe kwaye kusekwe iishedyuli kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
2. Umfanekiso weStereoscopic useti
Ngexesha lokufota, iikhamera ezikhethekileyo zisetyenziselwa thatha imifanekiso ye-stereoscopic oko kuya kusivumela ukuba sivelise inkohliso yobunzulu kunye nomthamo kwifilimu yokugqibela. Ezi khamera zineelensi ezimbini ezibekwe kumgama ofana nowamehlo omntu ukuze zilinganise umbono webhayinotyhula. Ukongeza, izinto ezinjengokukhanya kunye nokugxila kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo ukufumana iziphumo ezizezona zilungileyo.
3. Ukuveliswa kwasemva kwimeko yedijithali
Nje ukuba umboniso bhanya-bhanya ugqityiwe, inqanaba lasemva kwemveliso liyaqala. Imifanekiso ifakwe iseti zisetyenzwa kwindawo yedijithali ukudala imuvi kwi3D. Kule nqanaba, ukulungiswa kombala kuyenziwa, uhlengahlengiso olunzulu lwenziwa, kwaye iindlela zokunikezela zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula umgangatho obonakalayo wemifanekiso. Ukongeza, unokongeza iziphumo ezizodwa kwaye uqhube inkqubo yokuhlela.
Ngamafutshane, ukwenza ifilimu ye-3D kufuna inkqubo yobugcisa obucokisekileyo ukusuka kwimveliso yangaphambili ukuya kwimveliso yasemva. Uyilo lwebali olucokisekileyo kunye nokucwangciswa kwefilimu, ukuthatyathwa kwemifanekiso ye-stereoscopic kwiseti, kunye nokuveliswa kwasemva kwendawo yedijithali ngamanyathelo aphambili ekufezekiseni amava akhethekileyo e-cinematic amathathu-dimensional. Njengoko le teknoloji iqhubeka nokuvela, i-horizons entsha yokuyila iyavulelwa abenzi befilimu kwaye imveliso yefilimu ye-3D kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke imangalisa ababukeli kwikamva elibonakalayo.
1. Itekhnoloji ephucukileyo yokwenza iifilimu ze3D
Los avances en la itekhnoloji yanamhlanje baye baguqula indlela iimuvi ze-3D ezenziwe ngayo. Ngaphambili, abenzi befilimu bebejongana nemiceli mngeni emininzi ukuze bafezekise iziphumo ezibambekayo nezinzulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngezixhobo zamva nje kunye nezixhobo, inkqubo ifikeleleke ngakumbi kwaye isebenza kakuhle. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga indlela yokwenza imuvi ye3D usebenzisa obona buchwepheshe buphucukileyo bukhoyo kwimarike.
Inyathelo lokuqala elisisiseko ekwenzeni imuvi ye-3D yi captura de imágenes kwi imilinganiselo emithathu. Oku kuphunyezwa kusetyenziswa iikhamera ezikhethekileyo ezineelensi ezimbini, ziphindaphinda umbono webinocular yomntu. Ezi khamera zirekhoda imifanekiso ngaxeshanye ukusuka kwindawo ezimbini ezahlulwe kancinane, zinika inkcazelo efunekayo ukuze zenze umfanekiso ongekho mgangathweni. Ukongeza, iikhamera zanamhlanje zikuvumela ukuba ulungelelanise ikhamera ubunzulu bebala, enika ulawulo olukhulu lobuchule kumlawuli ngexesha lokufota.
Nje ukuba uthango lomfanekiso luqhutywe, inyathelo elilandelayo kuku inkqubo emva kwemveliso. Ngeli xesha, amagcisa asebenza kunye nezinto ezirekhodiweyo ukwenza amava okugqibela e-3D. Ukwenza oku, basebenzisa isoftware ukuchukumisa kwakhona kunye nokuhlela ezivumela ukuba zilungelelanise ulungelelwaniso kunye nokugxila kwemifanekiso, kunye nokulungisa naziphi na iziphene zobugcisa. Ukongeza, banokongeza iziphumo ezikhethekileyo kwaye baphucule umgangatho wokubonwayo ngokufaka izihluzi kunye nohlengahlengiso lombala. Ngokunjalo, kukho banzi uluhlu lwe ukwenziwa ekhoyo, evumela ukuvelisa imifanekiso umgangatho ophezulu kunye nenyani.
Emva kokuba inqanaba le-post-production ligqityiwe, ifilimu ye-3D ilungele ukujongwa. usasazo. Ukuqinisekisa i amava angcono kunokwenzeka, sebenzisa a inkqubo yoqikelelo olulodwa kwiithiyetha bhanya-bhanya, evumela umbukeli ukuba onwabele umgangatho wokubonwayo obalaseleyo. Ukongeza, iimuvi ezininzi ze-3D zikwakhutshwa kwiifomathi ezicacileyo zasekhaya, ezivumela ababukeli ukuba bonwabele amava okuntywila kwigumbi labo lokuhlala. Ngamafutshane, ngenxa yetekhnoloji ye-cutting-edge, ukwenza imuvi ye-3D ayizange ibe mnandi kwaye ifikeleleke njengoko injalo namhlanje.
2. Ukuveliswa kwangaphambili: ucwangciso kunye neskripthi amava abonwayo awodwa
Kwimveliso yefilimu ye-3D, i ngaphambi kwemveliso Linqanaba elibalulekileyo ukufumana amava okubonwa awodwa. Ucwangciso olululo kunye nophuhliso a guión okuqinileyo kubalulekile ukwenza umgangatho wokugqibela wemveliso. Kwesi sigaba, iikhonsepthi ezibonakalayo zichazwa kwaye isikhokelo sokudala esiza kulandelwa kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa iyasungulwa.
Ukuze uqalise, kuyimfuneko ukwenza a uphando olucokisekileyo ukuqonda iimpawu kunye neenkcukacha zetekhnoloji ye-3D. Oku kuquka ukufunda imiboniso bhanyabhanya ye-3D yangaphambili kunye nokuhlalutya indlela iimpembelelo zokubonwayo ezisetyenzisiweyo ngayo ukwenza untywiliselo olunamacala amathathu. kwi3D.
Nje ukuba unolwazi oluluqilima lwetekhnoloji ye-3D, ungaqhubela phambili ucwangciso kunye nophuhliso lombhalo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba, kwifilimu ye-3D, izinto ezibonakalayo zithatha indima ebalulekileyo. Ngoko ke, iscript kufuneka siyilwe ngendlela yokuba okunokwenzeka okubonelelwa yithekhinoloji kusetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo. Oku kubandakanya ukucinga ngemiboniso kunye neemeko ezibonakala zinomtsalane kumacala amathathu, kunye nendlela eliza kutyhileka ngayo ibali kulo mongo macala amathathu.
Isishwankathelo, ukuveliswa kwangaphambili kwifilimu ye-3D yinqanaba elibalulekileyo lokufezekisa amava abonakalayo akhethekileyo. Ucwangciso olululo kunye neskripthi esenziwe kakuhle zibalulekile ekufumaneni okuninzi kubuchwephesha be-3D. Uphando olubanzi, ukuqwalaselwa kwezixhobo zobugcisa ezikhoyo, kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwisicwangciso seskripthi yimiba ephambili yokuqinisekisa ukuphumelela kwemveliso ye-three-dimensional.
3. Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo kunye netalente ephambili kwimveliso yefilimu ye-3D
Kule , kubalulekile ukuba neengcali eziqeqeshiweyo ezinamava kweli candelo likhethekileyo. umlawuli wokufota okhethekileyo kwi-3D Kuya kuba yimfuneko ukufezekisa ukwakheka okuchanekileyo kunye nokuthatha imifanekiso enemigangatho emithathu, uqinisekisa umboniso wokwenene kunye nontywiliselo wombukeli. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ube ne-a equipo de producción Ziqhelanise nobugcisa kunye neenkqubo ezifunekayo 3D ukufota, njengoko oku kuyakunceda ukunqanda iimpazamo kunye nolibaziseko ngexesha imveliso.
La ukhetho lwabadlali Ikwabalulekile ekwenzeni ifilimu ye-3D. Akufunekanga kuphela kufunwe iingcali ezinetalente kunye nezakhono zokutolika, kodwa nabo banako ukuziqhelanisa neemfuno ezithile zefomathi. Ukusebenza kwi-3D kufuna ukuqonda okukhulu kwendawo kunye nokunyakaza, ngoko kubalulekile ukukhetha abadlali abazimisele ukusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo kunye neqela lemveliso ukuze bafezekise iziphumo ezilungileyo.
Enye into ephambili kwimveliso ye-movie ye-3D yi ukhetho lwezixhobo zobuchwepheshe ezifanelekileyo. Kufuneka zisetyenziswe cámaras estereoscópicas imifanekiso ekumgangatho ophezulu evumela ukuba kuthathwe imifanekiso echanekileyo enemigangatho emithathu. Ukongezelela, kuyimfuneko ukuba nesofthiwe ye-post-production kunye nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo kwi-3D, evumela ukuqhutyelwa kunye nokuhlelwa. ngempumelelo ukufumana iziphumo ezizezona zilungileyo. Ngokunjalo, ukukhanya kunye nesandi kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo, izinto ezisisiseko zokudala amava antywilayo kunye nenyani kumbukeli.
4. Ukwenziwa kwefilimu kunye nobuchule bokuqulunqa ukufikelela kwiziphumo ezinomtsalane zintathu
Ubuchule bokufota
Ukufezekisa iziphumo ezinomtsalane ze-3D kwifilimu ye-XNUMXD, kubalulekile ukuqonda iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokufota. Inyathelo lokuqala kukusebenzisa ikhamera ekhethekileyo ekurekhodweni kwestereoscopic, ethi ibambe imifanekiso emibini ngaxeshanye kwiimbono ezimbini ezahluke kancinane. Oku kukuvumela ukuba wenze kwakhona imvakalelo yobunzulu xa udibanisa imifanekiso kwi-post-production. Obunye ubuchule obuphambili kukusetyenziswa kweekhamera ezinamareyithi aphezulu efreyim ukunqanda ukuqhwanyaza kunye nokuphucula ukuguda kwentshukumo. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba ube nolawulo olungqongqo lokukhanya, kuba izithunzi zinokuchaphazela kakhulu ukuqonda okunzulu.
Uqulunqo lweziphumo ezine-dimensional ezintathu
Ukubunjwa ngumba obalulekileyo wokudala iziphumo ezichukumisayo zontathu. Ukwenza oku, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela umgaqo wesithathu, ukwahlula umfanekiso ube ngamacandelo alithoba alinganayo kunye nokubeka izinto ezibalulekileyo kwiindawo zokuhlangana. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe imigca ekhokelayo, efana ne-diagonals okanye umgca we-horizon, ukudala ingqiqo yobunzulu, kubalulekile ukuphepha izinto ezingaphezulu kwaye ugcine ugxininiso oluphambili kwisihloko esisembindini, kuba ukubunjwa okugqithisiweyo kunokuphazamisa ingqalelo. kunye nokunciphisa imvakalelo ye-dimensionality-ntathu. .
Iimpembelelo ezikhethekileyo ze-Three-dimensional
Ukongeza kwindlela yokwenza ifilimu kunye nobuchule bokuqulunqa, kukho iziphumo ezahlukeneyo ezizodwa ezinokuba negalelo kumava achukumisayo anamacala amathathu. Ukusebenzisa ubunzulu obukhethiweyo bebala kunokujolisa kumxholo ophambili ngelixa kufiphazwa imiba yangasemva, kuyila ubunzulu obuyinyani. Imiphumo ye-particle, efana nenkungu okanye uthuli, inokunceda ukugqamisa izinto kwisikrini kunye nokongeza ukuntywiliselwa okukhulu okubonakalayo, okokugqibela, ukusetyenziswa kokukhanya kunye nemiphumo yesithunzi kwi-post-production inokunyusa umthamo kwaye inike ingqiqo enkulu ye-dimensionality emithathu kumfanekiso wokugqibela. . Ngobu buchule kunye neziphumo, unokufezekisa imuvi ye-3D enomtsalane nekhumbulekayo.
5. Ukuhlelwa kunye nokuveliswa emva kokuveliswa: ukuphucula ubungakanani obubonakalayo kwifilimu
Enye yezona ndlela zidumileyo ze phucula imbonakalo yefilimu Yimveliso ye-3D. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukubamba -3-imifanekiso ene-dimensional usebenzisa iikhamera ezikhethekileyo, kwaye emva koko emva kwemveliso yale mifanekiso ukwenza amava okubonwayo antywilayo kumbukeli.
Okokuqala, Kubalulekile ukuba neqela lobugcisa elikhethekileyo ukukwazi ukujongana nobunzima bemveliso ye-3D. Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba uneekhamera ezifanelekileyo kunye neelensi, kunye nesoftware yokuhlela kunye neyomva yokuvelisa ehambelana nefomathi ye-3D. Ngaphandle koko, Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukukhanya kunye nokubunjwa ngundoqo ekwenzeni umfanekiso osebenzayo we3D.
Emva kokuba imifanekiso ifakiwe, inkqubo emva kwemveliso Kubalulekile ukuzisa indlela ebonakalayo ebomini kwifilimu. Phakathi kwemisebenzi eqhelekileyo yile ukulungiswa kombala kunye nokulungiswa kobunzulu yommandla ukuzuza umfanekiso one-dimensional engaphezulu. Zinokusetyenziswa kwakhona Iziphumo ezizodwa ze-3D ezinje ngoqhushumbo, umlilo okanye imiboniso yentshukumo, ukuze untywilisele umbukeli ngakumbi kumava e-cinematographic.
6. Isandi esijikelezileyo kunye nemiphumo ekhethekileyo: isitshixo kumava apheleleyo oluvo
Isandi esijikelezileyo kunye neziphumo ezikhethekileyo zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekudaleni amava apheleleyo oluvo kwimuvi ye-3D. Isandi esijikelezileyo sivumela umbukeli ukuba antywiliselwe ngokupheleleyo ebalini, enika ingqiqo yokwenene kunye nobunzulu. Ngoncedo lwezithethi ezibekwe ngokucwangcisekileyo kwindawo yemiboniso bhanya-bhanya, isandi esijikelezileyo sisasazwa ngamadigri angama-360, okwenza inkohliso yokuntywiliselwa kwihlabathi lemuvi. Ukongeza, iziphumo ezikhethekileyo zongeza omnye umaleko wochulumanco kunye nomboniso kumava. Ngobuchule obuphambili obunje ngoopopayi bekhompyuter kunye nemveliso yasemva, iziphumo ezimangalisayo zokubonwa zinokudalwa ezenza ukuba imiboniso iphile. Ezi ziphumo zikhethekileyo azincedi nje kuphela ukuchukumisa umbukeli, kodwa zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwibali lebali.
Isitshixo ekufezekiseni umgangatho ophezulu wesandi esijikelezileyo kunye neziphumo ezizodwa kwi-movie ye-3D kukuba neengcali eziqeqeshiweyo eziqonda ukubaluleka kwale miba yobugcisa. Iinjineli zesandi kunye namagcisa abonakalayo asebenza ngokusondeleyo nabalawuli kunye nabavelisi ukwenza amava antywilayo kunye anomdla. Basebenzisa izixhobo zangoku kunye nesoftware ekhethekileyo ukurekhoda nokuhlela isandi, kunye nokuvelisa iziphumo ezikhethekileyo ezinomtsalane. Ukongezelela, kufuna ukucwangciswa okucokisekileyo kunye nokulungelelaniswa phakathi kwawo onke amalungu eqela ukuqinisekisa ukuba isandi kunye nemiphumo ekhethekileyo idibanisa ngokungenamthungo kunye nemifanekiso ye-3D.
Ngokufutshane, isandi esijikelezileyo kunye neziphumo ezizodwa zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokuthatha imuvi ye-3D ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo. Banikezela amava ovayo apheleleyo kumbukeli, bebantywilisela ebalini kwaye babenze banamava iimvakalelo ezinzulu. Ukufezekisa iziphumo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, intsebenziswano yeengcali zeengcali kwimiphumo yesandi kunye nembonakalo iyafuneka, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo eziphambili kunye nobuchwepheshe. Ngokudityaniswa okufanelekileyo kwesandi esijikelezileyo kunye neziphumo ezizodwa, imuvi ye-3D inokuhambisa umbukeli kwihlabathi elitsha kwaye wenze amava angalibaleki.
7. Ukuhanjiswa kunye nomboniso weefilimu ze-3D: ukufikelela kubaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo
Ukuhanjiswa kunye nomboniso weefilimu ze-3D Kubalulekile ukufikelela kubaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo kunye nokuqinisekisa impumelelo yolu hlobo lweemveliso. Ukufezekisa ukusabalalisa okwaneleyo, kubalulekile ukuba nesicwangciso esiqinileyo esiqwalasela zonke iinkalo eziyimfuneko ukufikelela kubaphulaphuli abafanelekileyo.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuseka izivumelwano nabasasazi abakhethekileyo kwiifilimu ze-3DNjengoko ezi nkampani zinamava kunye noqhagamshelo oluyimfuneko ukuze kufakwe ifilimu kwithiyetha kunye namanye amajelo omboniso.
Enye inkalo ebalulekileyo yi unyuso kunye nentengiso ye bhanyabhanya. Ukufikelela kubaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo, kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba iphulo lokuthengisa elisebenzayo elibonisa iimpawu ezikhethekileyo kunye ezikhangayo ze-movie ye-3D. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuyilwa kweetreyila ze-3D kunye nokubonwa kwangaphambili, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiminyhadala kunye nemisitho eyodwa, kunye nentsebenziswano nabaphembeleli kunye namajelo eendaba ukuvelisa i-buzz kunye nokwandisa umdla woluntu.
Okokugqibela, kubalulekile uthathele ingqalelo imida yobugcisa yesiboniso se-3D xa kucwangciswa ukuhanjiswa. Ayizizo zonke iicinema ezinobuchwepheshe obufunekayo bokwenza iifilimu kwi-3D, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuchonga iicinema kunye nethiyetha ezenzayo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ifilimu iboniswa kwezi ndawo zobuchule. Ngokufanayo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela umgangatho wokubonisa kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba abaphulaphuli banamava aphezulu e-3D, anokubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweeglasi ezikhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo zesandi ezijikelezayo.
Isishwankathelo, usasazo kunye nomboniso weefilimu ze-3D kubandakanya uluhlu lwemiba ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ukufikelela kubaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kubo. Ukuseka izivumelwano kunye nabasasazi abakhethekileyo, ukukhuthaza ngempumelelo kunye nokuqwalasela imida yobugcisa yimiba ebalulekileyo yale nkqubo. Ngokuphumeza isicwangciso esiluqilima esijolise kubaphulaphuli abafanelekileyo, unokufikelela kuluhlu olubanzi lwababukeli kwaye uqinisekise impumelelo ye-movie yakho ye-3D.
Qaphela: Iithegi ezingqindilili azifakwanga kwizihloko eceliwe
Phawula: Iithegi ezingqindilili azange zifakwe kwimibhalo engasentla kwekhasi njengoko bekuceliwe.
Ukudala i-movie ye-3D ingaba yinkqubo enzima, kodwa ngokulandela amanyathelo afanelekileyo kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo, nabani na onokuyifumana. Inyathelo lokuqala kukuseka ingqikelelo yefilimu kunye nokuphuhlisa umbhalo oqinileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukudalwa kwabalinganiswa, ukuphuhliswa kweploti enomdla, kunye nenkcazo yezicwangciso apho ibali liya kwenzeka khona.
Okulandelayo, kuyimfuneko ukuba neqela lemveliso kunye neengcali ezikhethekileyo. Ezi ngcali ziya kuba noxanduva lokuzisa umbono womlawuli ebomini kunye nokuqinisekisa umgangatho obonakalayo wefilimu ye-3D. Kubalulekile ukuba neengcali zoopopayi, imodeli ye-3D, iziphumo ezikhethekileyo kunye ne-post-production ukufezekisa iziphumo ezimangalisayo.
Nje ukuba umboniso ugqityiwe, inyathelo elilandelayo Linqanaba lasemva kwemveliso. Ngethuba le nkqubo, ukulungiswa kakuhle kuya kwenziwa kumfanekiso, iziphumo ezibonakalayo ziya kongezwa, kwaye i-footage erekhodiweyo iya kuhlelwa. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba inkqubo yokuhlela ye-3D ifuna isoftware ekhethekileyo kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lobuchule bobugcisa.
NdinguSebastián Vidal, injineli yekhompyuter ethanda itekhnoloji kunye ne-DIY. Ngaphaya koko, ndingumdali we tecnobits.com, apho ndabelana ngee-tutorials ukwenza itekhnoloji ifikeleleke kwaye iqondeke kumntu wonke.