Indlela Yokuphucula Umgangatho Ukusuka kwiFoto
Ehlabathini lokufota, umgangatho womfanekiso ubalulekile ukubamba amaxesha angenakulibaleka kunye nokudlulisa iimvakalelo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, iifoto zinokuba kumgangatho ophantsi kunoko ufunwayo ngenxa yezinto ezahlukeneyo. Ngethamsanqa, kukho iindlela ezininzi kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo ezikuvumela ukuba uphucule umgangatho wefoto, kokubini ekubunjweni kwayo nakwi-post-production yayo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufezekisa olo phuculo kwaye sifumane iziphumo ezimangalisayo.
Uhlalutyo lwefoto kunye nezilungiso ezisisiseko
Ngaphambi kokuqwalasela ubuchule obuphezulu, kubalulekile ukwenza uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo lwefoto. Inyathelo lokuqala kukuvavanya ukugxila kunye nokubukhali yomfanekiso. Ukuba ifoto imfiliba okanye ayigxininisi, sinokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zesoftware ukufaka imaski engabukhali kwaye siphucule ububukhali. Omnye umba osisiseko lulungelelwano olumhlophe.. Ukuba ifoto inolawulo lwemibala epholileyo okanye efudumeleyo, sinokuhlengahlengisa ibhalansi emhlophe ukuze sifezekise inkangeleko elungeleleneyo neyinyani.
Ukunciphisa ingxolo kunye nokwandisa umahluko
Enye yeengxaki eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela umgangatho wesithombe yingxolo.. Ingxolo inokubangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-ISO ephezulu okanye umgangatho ophantsi wesivamvo sekhamera. Ukunciphisa ingxolo, sinokusebenzisa izixhobo zokunciphisa ingxolo kwisofthiwe yokuhlela imifanekiso. Kwelinye icala, umahluko yinto ephambili kwifoto esemgangathweni. Ngohlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo kwisoftware yokuhlela, kuyenzeka ukuphucula umahluko kwaye unike ubomi obuninzi kumfanekiso.. Oku kuquka ukubalaselisa iinkcukacha nokuqaqambisa eyona miba ibalulekileyo.
Ukulungiswa kokuvezwa kunye nokulingana kwezibane kunye nezithunzi
Ukutyhileka kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kumgangatho wefoto. Ukuba umfanekiso awubonakali okanye ugqithise, uya kulahlekelwa iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo kunye nemibala. Ngethamsanqa, ngenxa yezixhobo zokuhlela, sinokuzilungisa ezi ngxaki zokuvezwa. Ukulungelelanisa amanqanaba okukhanya, izithunzi kunye nee-midtones ziyakuvumela ukuba ufumane ifoto ngokuvezwa okwaneleyo. Ngokufanayo, kubalulekile ukulungelelanisa izibane kunye nezithunzi ukuphepha iindawo ezimnyama kakhulu okanye ezikhanyayo.
Ukuhlengahlengisa kunye nokuphucula ukubunjwa
Ukongeza kwizilungiso zobugcisa, sinokuphucula umgangatho wefoto ngokulungisa ngokutsha kunye nokuphucula ukuqulunqwa. Ukuhlengahlengisa kusivumela ukuba sisuse izinto ezingafunekiyo kwaye sijolise ingqalelo kumxholo ophambili. Ngokunjalo, sinokusebenzisa imithetho yokwakheka efana umthetho wesithathu okanye ukusetyenziswa kwemigca ukwenza umfanekiso onomtsalane ngakumbi kunye nolungelelwaniso olubonakalayo. Ngokwenza olu hlengahlengiso, siya kufezekisa ifoto yomgangatho ophezulu kunye neempembelelo ezibonakalayo.
Ngamafutshane, ukuphucula umgangatho wesithombe kufuna uhlalutyo olubanzi, izilungiso zobugcisa, kunye nohlengahlengiso lokuqulunqa. Ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nobuchule, sinokuguqula ifoto ekumgangatho ophantsi ibe ngumfanekiso omangalisayo nokhumbulekayo.. Ngokuzinikezela kunye nokuziqhelanisa, sinokufikelela kwiziphumo zobungcali kwaye sisasaze iimvakalelo zethu ngokufota.
– Isityhilelo kunye noseto lokuchasanisa
Umgangatho wefoto ungaphuculwa kakhulu ngokuvezwa kunye nohlengahlengiso oluchaseneyo. Olu hlengahlengiso lukuvumela ukuba ulungise iingxaki zokukhanyisa okanye uphucule izinto ezithile zomfanekiso ukuze wenze ube nomtsalane ngakumbi kwaye ujonge. Kule posi, siza kuphonononga ubuchule obahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo onokuzisebenzisa ukuphucula le miba kwaye sifezekise iziphumo zobungcali.
Ukulungelelanisa ukuvezwa: I-Exposure yenye yezinto eziphambili zefoto, njengoko imisela umlinganiselo wokukhanya oye wabanjwa. kumfanekiso omnye. Ukuba ifoto yakho ayivezwanga kakuhle, oko kukuthi, imnyama kakhulu, ungayilungisa le nto ngokuhlengahlengisa ukuvezwa phezulu. Kwelinye icala, ukuba umfanekiso utyhileke ngokugqithisileyo, oko kukuthi, ukhaphukhaphu kakhulu, ungacutha ukuvezwa ukuze ufumane ibhalansi efanelekileyo. Xa ulungisa ukuvezwa, gcina engqondweni ukuba awufuni ukuphulukana neenkcukacha kwiindawo zethunzi okanye amanqaku aphezulu.
Ukuphucula umahluko: Umahluko ngumahluko phakathi kwezona ndawo zikhaphukhaphu nezimnyama zefoto. Umahluko ofanelekileyo ingayenza yenza umfanekiso ube bukhali kwaye ube neenkcukacha. Ukuba ifoto yakho ayinamahluko, ungayandisa ukuze uqaqambise iinkcukacha kwaye uyinike ubunzulu obungakumbi. Kwakhona, ukuba umahluko uphezulu kakhulu, unokuwunciphisa ukuze uthintele izithunzi ukuba zingabi kakhulu. Khumbula ukuba ukuchasana sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokwandisa ukufundeka kunye neempembelelo ezibonakalayo kumfanekiso.
Ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokuhlela: Ukwenza ukuvezwa kunye nohlengahlengiso oluchaseneyo, ungasebenzisa iinkqubo zokuhlela umfanekiso njengePhotoshop okanye Lightroom. Ezi zixhobo zikunika uluhlu olubanzi lolawulo kunye neenketho zokulungisa ngokuchanekileyo amanqanaba okuvezwa kunye nokwahlukileyo. Ukongeza, unokusebenzisa izixhobo zokukhetha ukunyenyisa ukuvezwa kunye nokuthelekisa kuphela kwiindawo ezithile zefoto. Zama ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye noseto ukuze ufumane umphumo oyifunayo. Ungalibali ukugcina ikopi yesithombe sokuqala phambi kokwenza naluphi na uhlengahlengiso. ...
Ngolu kuvezwa kunye nohlengahlengiso lokuchasana, unokuphucula umgangatho we iifoto zakho kwaye ubathathe ubase kwinqanaba lobuchwephesha. Khumbula ukuba ukuziqhelanisa kunye nomonde ngundoqo ekugqibeleleni izakhono zakho zokuhlela. Linga ngeseto ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuchule beziphumo ezizodwa kunye nezobuchule. Zive ukhululekile ukwabelana ngamava akho kunye neziphumo kumagqabantshintshi!
– Ukulungiswa kwebhalansi emhlophe
Ukulungiswa kwebhalansi emhlophe
Ukulungiswa kwebhalansi emhlophe yindlela esisiseko yokuphucula umgangatho wefoto. Ibhalansi emhlophe ibhekisa kubushushu bombala womfanekiso, oko kukuthi, ibhalansi phakathi kwemibala efudumeleyo nepholileyo. Imimiselo yebhalansi emhlophe engalunganga ingenza ifoto ibonakale ishushu kakhulu okanye ibanda, echaphazela kakubi ukubonakala komfanekiso .
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulungisa ibhalansi emhlophe. Olunye ukhetho oluqhelekileyo kukusebenzisa i-manual emhlophe yokucwangcisa ibhalansi kwikhamera, apho unokukhetha ubushushu bombala obufunwayo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba iimeko zokukhanyisa zingatshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibhalansi emhlophe ingadinga ukulungiswa ngokufanelekileyo. Ixesha elilungile.
Enye indlela kukusebenzisa isoftwe yokuhlela imifanekiso, njenge I-Adobe Photoshop okanye i-Lightroom, apho ungalungisa khona ibhalansi emhlophe ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo. Ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngokuzenzekela okanye iinketho zokuhlengahlengisa ngesandla, ezikuvumela ukuba wenze uguqulo oluncinci okanye utshintshe ngokupheleleyo ubushushu bombala womfanekiso. Ukongeza, kuyenzeka ukusebenzisa iiplagi ezithile okanye izihluzi ezenza kube lula ukulungisa ibhalansi emhlophe kwiifoto ezineemeko ezinzima zokukhanya.
Ngamafutshane, ukulungiswa kwebhalansi emhlophe kubalulekile ukuphucula umgangatho wesithombe. Kuzo zombini ikhamera kunye nesoftware yokuhlela, kukho iinketho kunye nezixhobo zokulungisa ngokuchanekileyo ubushushu bombala womfanekiso. Lawula obu buchule kwaye uya kuba nakho ukufezekisa iifoto ezinemibala ethembeke ngakumbi kwinyani kunye nenkangeleko yobuchwephesha ngakumbi.
-Uphuculo olubukhali kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo
Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokufezekisa ifoto ekumgangatho ophezulu kukubukhali komfanekiso. Xa ifoto ingekho bukhali ngokwaneleyo, iinkcukacha zidla ngokulahleka kwaye umfanekiso ubonakala uluzizi. Ngethamsanqa, kukho iindlela ezininzi esinokuzisebenzisa ukuphucula ububukhali beefoto zethu. Enye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo kukusebenzisa umsebenzi we-autofocus wekhamera yethu.. Olu phawu lulungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo umgama wokugxila ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto eziphambili zicacile kwaye zibukhali. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ubukhali bunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwilensi esiyisebenzisayo, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iilensi ezisemgangathweni ukufumana iziphumo ezingcono.
Ukongezelela kububukhali, enye ingxaki eqhelekileyo esijamelana nayo xa sifota yingxolo. Ingxolo yinkozo engafunekiyo evela kwiifoto zethu, ngakumbi xa sithatha iifoto kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi. Ngethamsanqa, kukho iindlela zokunciphisa ingxolo kwimifanekiso yethu. Enye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo kukulungelelanisa i-ISO yekhamera yethu. I-ISO imisela ubuntununtunu bekhamera ekukhanyeni, kwaye okukhona liphezulu ixabiso le-ISO, kokukhona uvakalelo olukhulu kwaye ke ngoko kokukhona ingxolo enkulu. Ke ngoko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise ixabiso eliphantsi le-ISO xa uthatha iifoto kwiindawo ezinokukhanya okuphantsi ukunciphisa ingxolo.
Ukongeza ekusebenziseni i-autofocus kunye nokulungelelanisa i-ISO, kukho ezinye iindlela esinokuzisebenzisa ukuphucula ubukhali kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo kwiifoto zethu. Enye yazo kukusebenzisa ii-tripods ukuphepha iintshukumo kunye nokungcangcazela. Oku kunokuchaphazela umgangatho womfanekiso. Ii-Tripods zibonelela ngozinzo kwaye ziqinisekisa ukuba ikhamera ihlala imile ngelixa ithatha ifoto. Obunye ubuchule kukusebenzisa ugxininiso lwezandla ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanqaku abalulekileyo abukhali. Sinokusebenzisa izixhobo zasemva kokulungiswa, njengesoftware yokuhlela imifanekiso, ukusebenzisa iindlela zokulola nokunciphisa ingxolo ngokuthe ngqo. Isishwankathelo, Ngokudibanisa obu buchule, siya kuba nakho ukufumana iifoto umgangatho ophezulu ngokucace okukhethekileyo kunye nengxolo encinci.
-Umbala kunye nokuzaliseka kokuzaliseka
Inkqubo yokwenza imibala kunye nokugcwala ibalulekile ekuphuculeni umgangatho wefoto. Ngokulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo ezi zinto, sinokugqamisa iinkcukacha kwaye senze umfanekiso ubonakale unamandla kwaye ukhangeleke. Kukho izixhobo ezininzi kunye nobuchule obukhoyo obusivumela ukuba senze olu lungiso ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ichanekile. Ngezantsi, siza kuxubusha ezinye iingcebiso eziphambili zokufikelela kwiziphumo ezizezona zilungileyo.
Yazi imigaqo esisiseko yethiyori yemibala Kubalulekile ukuze kwenziwe ulungiselelo olusebenzayo. I-hue nganye, i-hue, kunye ne-saturation inentsingiselo ethile kunye nefuthe ekuboneni okubonakalayo. Kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo indlela imibala edibana ngayo emfanekisweni kwaye siqonde iingcamango zokuvisisana kunye nokuchasene. Oku kuya kusinceda ukuba senze izigqibo ezizizo xa silungisa imibala kunye nokugcwala kwefoto.
Sebenzisa izixhobo zokuhlela imifanekiso Kubalulekile ukwenza ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo lwemibala kunye nesaturation. Kukho iinkqubo ezininzi kunye nesoftware ekhoyo ebonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweenketho kunye noseto lokusebenza ngale miba. Ezinye izixhobo ezidumileyo ziquka iAdobe Photoshop, Lightroom, kunye neGIMP. Ezi zicelo zivumela uhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo kwi-saturation, i-hue, kunye nombala ogobileyo, okwenza kube lula kuthi ukufumana isiphumo esifunekayo.
Zama kwaye uzame ulungelelwaniso olwahlukileyo Ingundoqo ekugqibeleleni ukwenziwa kwemibala kunye nokugcwala kwiifoto zethu. Umfanekiso ngamnye wahlukile kwaye unokufuna uhlengahlengiso oluthile. Kubalulekile ukudlala ngolawulo olwahlukeneyo kunye neenketho ezikhoyo kwizixhobo zokuhlela ukubona ukuba zeziphi iisetingi ezisebenza kakuhle kwifoto ethile. Ungoyiki ukuzama nokuziqhelanisa, njengoko oku kuya kukunceda uphuhlise isitayile sakho kwaye uphucule izakhono zakho zokuhlela iifoto.
Khumbula, ukwenza imibala kunye nokugcwala yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokuphucula umgangatho wefoto. Ngokuqonda okuqinileyo ithiyori yombala, usebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo, kunye nokulinga, unokuphucula imibala kwaye ufezekise iziphumo ezimangalisayo kwimifanekiso yakho. Ungalibazisi ukuzama ezi ndlela kwaye uthathe izakhono zakho zokuhlela ifoto ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo.
– Ukususwa kwamabala kunye nokungafezeki
Ukususwa kwamabala kunye nokungafezeki
Umgangatho wesithombe unokuchaphazeleka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, njengamabala, ukungafezeki okanye ingxolo ebonakalayo emfanekisweni. Ukuphucula umgangatho wefoto, kubalulekile ukuba ube nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kwaye wazi iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuphelisa oku kungafezeki. Kweli nqaku, siza kukwazisa kwezona ndlela zibalaseleyo kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo zokususa amabala kunye neziphako kwifoto.
Indlela yokwenza i-cloning: Enye yeendlela ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ukuphelisa amabala kunye nokungafezeki kwifoto yi-cloning. Obu buchule bubandakanya ukukopa ipixels ukusuka kwindawo yomfanekiso ukuya kwelinye ukugquma amabala okanye ukungafezeki. Ukwenza oku, ungasebenzisa izixhobo zokuhlela imifanekiso ezinjengeAdobe Photoshop okanye i-GIMP, ezinezixhobo ezithile zalo msebenzi. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele xa usebenzisa le ndlela ukwenzela ukuba iziphumo zibe zendalo kwaye ukuguqulwa komfanekiso kungabonakali.
Isihluzi sokususa ingxolo: Amaxesha amaninzi, amabala kunye nokungafezeki kwifoto kunokubangelwa ingxolo ebonakalayo. Ingxolo luhlobo lwenkozo ebonakala emfanekisweni kwaye inokuchaphazela umgangatho wayo. Ukuphelisa ingxolo, ungasebenzisa izihluzi zokususa ingxolo, ezifumaneka kwizixhobo ezininzi zokuhlela umfanekiso. Qinisekisa ukuba uhlengahlengisa iiparamitha zokucoca ngokuchanekileyo ukuze ufumane ezona ziphumo zilungileyo.
Ukhetho lwendawo kunye nobuchule bokulungisa: Ukongeza kwi-cloning kunye nezihluzo ze-denoising, obunye ubuchule obuluncedo bokususa amabala kunye namabala kukukhetha amabala kunye nokulungiswa. Obu buchule bubandakanya ukukhetha indawo umfanekiso onesiphako okanye ukungafezeki kunye nokusebenzisa izilungiso ezithile kuloo ndawo ukuyisusa. Ungasebenzisa izixhobo zokukhetha ezifana nelasso okanye umlingo wand kwaye ke usebenzise uhlengahlengiso lwasekhaya, njenge ukulungiswa kokuvezwa, ukulungiswa kombala, okanye ukusebenzisa iibrashi zecloning. Le ndlela yobugcisa ifuna ubuchule obuncinci kunye nomonde, kodwa inokunikela ngeziphumo ezichanekileyo kunye nezendalo.
– Ukunqunyulwa kwemifanekiso kunye nokulungisa
Ukunqunyulwa komfanekiso kunye nokulungelelanisa: Enye yeendlela ezikhawulezayo nezilula zokuphucula umgangatho wefoto kukuguqula ukwakheka kwayo nokusikwa kunye nokulungisa umfanekiso. Ukuqhawula kukuvumela ukuba ususe izinto ezingafunekiyo okanye iziphazamiso kwifoto, ugxininise ingqalelo kwisihloko esiphambili. Ukongeza, ngokunciphisa ubungakanani bomfanekiso, iipixels ezingafunekiyo zinokususwa, ukunceda ukuphucula umgangatho wefoto.
Ukunciphisa umfanekiso, ngokulula kufuneka ukhethe isixhobo sokuqhawula kwisoftware yakho yokuhlela umfanekiso. Ukusuka apho, zoba isakhelo esijikeleze inxalenye yefoto ofuna ukuyigcina, ulahle enye. Kubalulekile ukugcina umgaqo wesithathu engqondweni xa usika, ukuze ubeke isifundo sakho esiphambili kwiindawo ezinomdla wokubonwayo. Ngokukwanjalo, ukuba ifoto ithambekile okanye ayilungelelaniswanga kakuhle, ungasebenzisa isixhobo sokulungisa ukulungisa oku kungahambi kakuhle kwaye unike umfanekiso ibhalansi enkulu.
Enye into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa usikwa kwaye ulungelelanisa umfanekiso ngumlinganiselo. Ungakhetha umlinganiselo oqhelekileyo, onje nge 4:3 okanye 16:9, okanye ukhethe umlinganiselo omiselweyo ngokweemfuno zakho. Khumbula ukuba ezinye iifomati, njenge-Instagram, zineemfuno zomlinganiso othile ofanele uzigcine engqondweni xa unqampuna iifoto zakho. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kugcinwe isisombululo esisiso xa utyala, ukuthintela ilahleko enkulu yomgangatho.
Ukuqhawula kunye nokulungelelanisa umfanekiso kunokwenza umehluko kumgangatho wokugqibela wesithombe. Ungawajongeli phantsi amandla okwakheka okuhle kunye nomfanekiso olungelelanisiweyo. Ngobu buchule, uya kuba nakho ukuqaqambisa umxholo ophambili, ushenxise iziphazamiso ezibonakalayo kwaye ufumane ifoto enomtsalane ngakumbi kunye nomgangatho ongcono ngexesha. Linga ngesakhelo esahlukileyo kunye nemilinganiselo, kwaye hlala ukhumbula ukugcina ikopi yefayile yokuqala xa ufuna ukwenza utshintsho olongezelelweyo. Musa ukuhlala kunye nefoto iphakathi xa ungayiphucula ngokucofa nje okumbalwa!
-Ukusetyenziswa kwezihluzi kunye neziphumo ezizodwa
Ukuhlelwa kweefoto yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuphucula umgangatho kunye nokufumana iziphumo ezithandekayo Enye yeendlela ezisebenzayo zokufezekisa oku ukusetyenziswa kwezihluzi kunye neziphumo ezizodwa. Ezi zixhobo zikuvumela ukuba uqaqambise iinkcukacha, ulungise ukungafezeki kwaye unike ukubamba okukodwa kwimifanekiso yakho.
Xa usebenzisa izihluzi kunye neziphumo ukuya kwifoto, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela injongo ofuna ukuyifeza. Isihluzi singaphucula imibala kwaye wenze umfanekiso ubonakale ubukhali kwaye udlamkile. Umzekelo, isihluzo "sokucaca" sinokuphucula iinkcukacha kwaye sichaze imiphetho yezinto, ngelixa isihluzo "sosaturation" sinokuqinisa imibala kwaye senze ifoto iphile.
Kwelinye icala, i iziphumo ezizodwa Bangongeza igcisa lobugcisa kwiifoto zakho. Ungakhetha iziphumo zakudala ukunika— inkangeleko ye-retro kwimifanekiso yakho, iziphumo ezifiphalisayo ukudala umoya othambileyo kunye ne-ethereal, okanye i-symmetry kunye neziphumo zesipili ukwenza iingoma ezimangalisayo. Isitshixo kukulinga kwaye ufumane isiphumo esifanelana kakuhle nomfanekiso kunye nesitayela sakho sokudala.
NdinguSebastián Vidal, injineli yekhompyuter ethanda itekhnoloji kunye ne-DIY. Ngaphaya koko, ndingumdali we tecnobits.com, apho ndabelana ngee-tutorials ukwenza itekhnoloji ifikeleleke kwaye iqondeke kumntu wonke.