Indlela yokongeza uphawu lwe-accent

Uyibeka njani iTilde: Ukubaluleka kwezigxivizo kulwimi lwesiSpanish

Ii-accents kwiSpanish zingundoqo ekubizweni kwamagama ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuqonda amagama. Beka ngokuchanekileyo i-accents, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"tildes", Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa unxibelelwano oluchanekileyo kwaye uphephe ukubhideka okunokwenzeka. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ngokweenkcukacha ifomu echanekileyo ukubeka iimpawu zocinezelo kumagama ahlukeneyo, ngokulandela imigaqo emiselweyo yogxininiso. Siza kufunda indlela yokuchonga amagama afuna isivakalisi sopelo nendlela yokusisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kwezivakalisi kuya kuphucula amandla ethu okubhala nokuthetha ngeSpanish ngokucacileyo nangokufutshane.

-Intshayelelo yokusetyenziswa kwesigxivizo kwisiSpanish

Isivakalisi sesinye sezona zinto zahluke kakhulu kulwimi lwesiSpanish. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngendlela eyiyo kubalulekile ukuze kuqondwe kakuhle kwaye kubizwe kakuhle amagama. Kweli candelo, siya kukunika intshayelelo yokusetyenziswa kwesivakalisi ngeSpanish, ukuze ufunde indlela yokuyibeka ngokufanelekileyo.

Isivakalisi sisetyenziselwa ukuphawula isilabhili esigxininisiweyo segama, oko kukuthi, elo lungu libizwa ngamandla okanye ngogxininiso olukhulu. NgeSpanish, i-syllable egxininisiweyo inokufunyanwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zegama, ezifana ne-antepenultimate, i-penultimate okanye i-syllable yokugqibela. Ukwazi indawo yelungu eligxininisiweyo kubalulekile ukuze ukwazi ukubeka isivakalisi ngokuchanekileyo.

Kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamagama anesicinezelo. Umzekelo, amagama abukhali ngalawo anesilabhili egxininisiweyo kwindawo yokugqibela kwaye anesivakalisi xa ephela ngesikhamiso, ene okanye esa. Kwelinye icala, amagama anzulu okanye acacileyo anesilabhili esigxininisiweyo kwindawo yokugqibela kwaye anesivakalisi xa engapheleli kwisikhamiso, ene okanye esa. Okokugqibela, amagama esdrújulas kunye ne-sobreesdrújulas ahlala ene-accent.

Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela imigaqo yokugxininisa ukukwazi ukubeka isivakalisi ngokuchanekileyo. Eminye imithetho ibandakanya isivakalisi solwimi, esetyenzisiweyo ukwahlula amagama apelwe ngokufanayo, kodwa aneentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, kukho iimeko ezithile, ezinjengeemonosyllables kunye nezimaphambili, ekufuneka nazo ziqwalaselwe xa wongezwa isivakalisi. Ukwazi le mithetho kuya kukunceda ugweme iimpazamo kwaye ubhale ngokuchanekileyo ngesiSpanish.

Khumbula ukuba ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwesigxivizo kubalulekile ekubhaleni ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokubiza amagama ngesiSpanish. Ngesi singeniso sokusetyenziswa kwe-accent, sinethemba lokuba sikubonelele ngezixhobo eziyimfuneko ukuze uqonde indlela yokuyibeka ngokuchanekileyo. Qhubeka uziqhelanisa kwaye kungekudala uya kuba yingcali kwi-accentuation yaseSpain!

– Imithetho esisiseko yokusebenzisa isivakalisi

Isivakalisi luphawu lwe-orthographic olubekwe phezu kwesikhamiso ukuphawula isilabhili esigxininisiweyo segama. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubalulekile ekubizweni ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuqonda amagama eSpanish. Ngoku bayabonisa imithetho emithathu esisiseko Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo:

1. Tilde ngamagama eSpanish: Amagama e-Esdrújulas ahlala ene-accent. Ezi zezo apho i-syllable egxininisiweyo ifunyanwa phambi kwe-syllable yokugqibela. Umzekelo, "umlingo", "ilahleko".

2. I-Tilde ngamagama anzima nagqithisileyo: Amagama anzima anemvakalo-zwi xa ephela ngengonsonanti ngaphandle kuka-"n" okanye "s." Umzekelo, "umculo", "lula". Kwelinye icala, amagama oversdrújulas asoloko anesivakalisi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba isiphelo sabo. Umzekelo, "baxelele", "baxelele".

3. Tilde ngamagama abukhali: Amagama abukhali anemvakalo-zwi xa ephela ngesikhamiso, "n" okanye "s." Umzekelo, "ilori", "ikhampasi". Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ziphela nangayiphi na enye imvaba, azinasivakalisi. Umzekelo, "bukela", "soze". Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuqaqambisa ukuba amagama abukhali anesandi solwimi (amagama abhalwe ngokufanayo kodwa aneentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo) anesivakalisi. Umzekelo, "yena" (personal pronoun) kunye "the" (inqaku).

- Iimeko ezikhethekileyo: amagama abukhali, anzima kunye ne-esdrújulas

Xa kupelwa iSpanish, kubalulekile ukuqonda indlela amanqaku e-accent abekwe ngayo kumagama ukuphepha iimpazamo kunye nokuphumeza ukubhala okuchanekileyo. Kweli candelo, siza kuxoxa amatyala akhethekileyo amagama abukhali, ingcwaba kunye esdrújulas.

Amagama abukhali: Amagama abukhali ngalawo anesivakalisi se-prosodic kwi-syllable yokugqibela. Umzekelo, igama elithi "ikofu" ligama eliphakamileyo kuba libizwa ngokuvakalayo kwi-syllable yokugqibela. Ukuze siqonde enoba igama elibukhali linesivakalisi kusini na, simele siyiqonde loo nto ukuba iphelela kwisikhamiso, "n" okanye "s", ine-accent ukuba injalo ngaphezu kwelungu elinye. Umzekelo, igama elithi "wotshi" ligama elibukhali elinamalungu amabini kwaye alinayo i-accent, kodwa igama elithi "soze" ligama elibukhali elinamalungu amabini kwaye linesivakalisi.

Amagama abalulekileyo: Amagama anzima ane-prosodic accent kwi-syllable yokugqibela. Ngokungafaniyo namagama abukhali, amagama anzima Bahlala benesivakalisi xa bephela nangayiphi na i-consonant ngaphandle kuka-"n" okanye "s". Umzekelo, igama elithi "ntaka" ligama lengcwaba elinamalungu amabini kwaye linesivakalisi kuba liphelela kwikhonsonanti ngaphandle kuka "n" okanye "s." Nangona kunjalo, igama elithi "incwadi" ligama elibalulekileyo elinamalungu amabini kwaye alinayo i-accent, kuba liphela ngo-"o" osisikhamiso.

Amagama eSpanish: Amagama e-Esdrújulas ane-prosodic accent kwi-syllable penultimate kwaye ahlala ene-accent. Umzekelo, igama elithi "esidlangalaleni" linesivakalisi selungu "li" kwaye libizwa ngokuba linamandla kwelo lungu. Esdrújulas amagama ahlala flat okanye serious, oko kuthetha ukuba Banesivakalisi xa bephela nangasiphi na isivakalisi. Umzekelo, igama elithi "imfonomfono" ligama elithi esdrújula elinamalungu amathathu kwaye linesicinezelo ngenxa yokuba liphela kwikhonkco. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba amagama esdrújulas agxininiswe yindalo kwaye ahlala ene-accent.

-Amagama anediphthong kunye neetripthongs

Indlela yokongeza uphawu lwe-accent

Ngolwimi lwesiSpanish, iidiphthongs kunye neetripthongs Ziyintlanganisela yezikhamiso ezibizwa kwilungu elinye. Ezi ndibaniselwano zingenzeka kumagama ahlukeneyo kwaye kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokubeka amanqaku e-accent ngokuchanekileyo ukuze ungayitshintshi intsingiselo yawo. Emva koko, ndiza kuchaza indlela amagama ane-diphthongs kunye ne-trithongs agxininiswe ngayo.

1. IiDiphthongs: Ziyindibaniselwano yesikhamiso esivaliweyo esingagxininisiweyo (i, u) kunye nesikhamiso esivulekileyo (a, e, o) okanye izikhamiso ezibini ezivaliweyo ezingagxininisiweyo. Ukugxininisa ngokuchanekileyo ezi diphthongs, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba isikhamiso esivulekileyo sihlala sigxininisekile, ngaphandle kwaxa isikhamiso esivaliweyo esingagxininisiweyo sinesikhamiso. Eminye imizekelo amagama anediphthong ngala: umoya, ingcambu, ilizwe, iglavu, inkathalo, idayari. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-diphthongs ayinayo i-accent ukuba uxinzelelo luwela kwi-vowel evaliweyo engagxininisiweyo.

2. Iindlela ezintathu: Ii-triphthongs lulandelelwano lwezikhamiso ezithathu ezibizwa kwi-syllable enye, apho isikhamiso esivulekileyo (a, e, o) sisoloko sine-tonic accent. I-Tripthongs igxininiswe ngokulandela imithetho efanayo njenge-diphthongs. Eminye imizekelo yamagama anetripthong yile: umhlolokazi, funda, fumana, crieis, wow, meow.

Ungalibali ukuba ugxininiso oluchanekileyo lwamagama ane-diphthongs kunye ne-trithongs luyimfuneko ukunqanda ukungaqondani kunye neempazamo zopelo. Khumbula ukuba imigaqo yokubeka uphawu logxininiso isekelwe kwindlela yokubiza amagama, ngoko qiniseka ukuba ulandela ezi zikhokelo. Ukongezelela, ndincoma ukusebenzisa isichazi-magama esilungileyo okanye isixhobo sokukhangela ukupela ukujonga uxinzelelo oluchanekileyo lwamagama nge-diphthongs kunye ne-tripthongs.

-Amagama anesandi esivakalayo

NgeSpanish, kukho amagama ane-diacritical accent, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-accent, ukuwahlula kwamanye abhalwe ngendlela efanayo kodwa aneentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo. Isivakalisi se-diacritic sisetyenziswa ukubonisa ukubizwa okanye ukugxininiswa kwelungu legama. Okulandelayo, siza kukubonisa eminye imizekelo yamagama anesandi solwimi kunye nendlela yokuyibeka ngokuchanekileyo.

1. "Wena" kunye "Yakho": Ukwahlula phakathi kwesimelabizo sobuntu "wena" kunye nesimelabizo somnini "yakho", kusetyenziswe i-dicritical accent. "Wena" lisetyenziselwa ukubhekisa kumntu wesibini kwisinye, umzekelo: "Ukrelekrele kakhulu." Kwelinye icala, "yakho" sisimelabizo sobunikazi esisetyenziselwa ukubonisa ubunini, umzekelo: "Yincwadi yakho le."

2. "Nika" kunye "no": Isenzi "ukunika" kumntu wesibini kwisinye kwisinyanzeliso sine-diacritical accent, ngoko ke, kubhaliwe "de." Umzekelo: "Ndishiyele umyalezo xa ufika ekhaya." Kwelinye icala, ipreposition "de" ayinayo i-accent kwaye isetyenziselwa ukubonisa imvelaphi, ubunini, phakathi kwezinye izinto. Umzekelo: "Ndisuka eMexico."

3. "Ewe" kwaye "Ewe": Igama elithi "ewe" lisetyenziswa njengempendulo evumayo, njenge-reflexive pronoun kunye nokubonisa i-affirmative. Umzekelo: "Ewe, ndingathanda ukuhamba nawe." Endaweni yoko, igama elithi "ukuba" lisetyenziswe njengesihlanganisi esinemiqathango, ukubuza imibuzo okanye ukubonisa ukucinga. Umzekelo: "Ukuba uyafunda, uya kuphumelela iimviwo."

Khumbula ukuba i-diacritic accent idlala umsebenzi obalulekileyo ekubhalweni ngokuchanekileyo kwamagama, inceda ukuphepha ukudideka kunye nokungaqondakali. Kubalulekile ukwazi kunye nokusebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo imigaqo yogxininiso ukunxibelelana ngokufanelekileyo ngeSpanish. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo malunga nendlela yokubeka isicinezelo kwigama elithile, jonga isichazi-magama okanye incwadi yemigaqo yomgaqo-ntetho. Ngokuziqhelanisa kunye nolwazi, uya kukwazi ukusebenzisa i-accents ye-diacritical kwiSpanish.

-Ukusetyenziswa kwesivakalisi kwimibuzo nakwizikhuzo

NgeSpanish, ukusetyenziswa kwesivakalisi Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi ukunikela intsingiselo efanelekileyo yemithandazo yethu. Kukho imigaqo ethile esivumela ukuba sigqibe xa kufuneka sisebenzise isivakalisi imibuzo nezikhuzo. Okulandelayo, siya kukucacisela le migaqo ngendlela ecacileyo nemfutshane ukuze ufunde ukubeka ngokuchanekileyo uphawu logxininiso kolu hlobo lwezivakalisi.

Umgaqo wokuqala ekufuneka siwuqwalasele ngulo zonke iinkcazo zemibuzo nezikhuzo Banendlela yokuthetha. Oku kuthetha ukuba onke amabinzana abuzwe ngendlela yombuzo okanye abonisa ukothuka okanye iimvakalelo kufuneka abe nesivakalisi esingqinelanayo. Umzekelo, "Uphi?" okanye "Yeyiphi imini entle namhlanje!"

Enye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba xa kusetyenziswa la mabinzana emibuzo okanye esikhuzo izimelabizo zokubuza okanye ezikhuzayo njengokuthi "yintoni", "nini" okanye "njani", isivakalisi kufuneka sibekwe. Umzekelo, "Uza kwenza ntoni?" okanye "Ndiyayithanda loo lokhwe!"

-I-Tilde kumagama ahlanganisiweyo kunye nathathwe

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NgesiSpanish, kuqhelekile ukufumana amagama ahlanganisiweyo kunye athatyathwe ane-accent kwiimeko ezithile. Ukubekwa ngokuchanekileyo kwesivakalisi kula magama kubalulekile ekubizweni nasekuqondweni ngokuchanekileyo kwesicatshulwa. Apha ngezantsi kukho imigaqo eqhelekileyo yosetyenziso lwesinyanzeliso kumagama ambaxa kunye namagama athatyathiweyo:

1. Amagama adibeneyo: Ngamagama axandileyo, igama ngalinye kulawo awakhayo aya kugcina isigxivizo salo santlandlolo. Noko ke, xa igama elibunjwa sisenzi kunye nesimelabizo esingagxininiswanga kubunjwa, kwenzeka into eyaziwa ngokuba yi-enclysis, esenokuquka utshintsho kugxininiso lwegama. Umzekelo, kwigama elithi "háztelo" i-accent iwela kwi-syllable engagxininiswanga "te", kodwa ku-"ahorratelo" i-accent iwela kwi-syllable egxininisiweyo "ra".

2. Amagama athatyathiweyo: Kumagama athathiweyo, ugxininiso lokuqala lwegama elisisiseko kufuneka lugcinwe. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iimeko apho imigaqo yogxininiso jikelele kufuneka isebenze. Umzekelo, kumagama athatyathwe kwizimaphambili, ezinje ngokuthi "inkwili" okanye "umkhulu-mkhulu", isivakalisi siwela kwisilabhili esigxininisiweyo esifanayo nanjengegama elisisiseko.

3. Amagama anediphthong kunye neetripthongs: Ngamagama ane-diphthongs (ukuhlanganiswa kwezikhamiso ezibini kwilungu elinye) kunye ne-triphthongs (ukuhlanganiswa kwezikhamiso ezintathu kwi-syllable efanayo), imigaqo yoxinzelelo jikelele kufuneka isetyenziswe. Umzekelo, kumagama anje ngo "funda" okanye "despreciais", i-accent iwela kwi-syllable egxininisiweyo, ngokwemigaqo emiselweyo.

Kubalulekile ukuthathela ingqalelo le mithetho yoxinzelelo kumagama ahlanganisiweyo kunye nasuselwa ekuqinisekiseni ukubhala okuchanekileyo ngolwimi lwesiSpanish. Masikhumbule ukuba ukubekwa kakuhle kwamanqaku ogxininiso kunceda ukuphepha ukubhideka xa ufunda naxa uqonda isicatshulwa.

-Izindululo zokugqibela zokubeka ngokuchanekileyo uphawu logxininiso

Ekubeni sihlolisise imigaqo esisiseko yokubeka ngokuchanekileyo i-accent, kubalulekile ukukhankanya ezinye iingcebiso zokugqibela zokuqinisekisa ukuba uyisebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo nangokuchanekileyo. Ngezantsi, ndibonisa iingcebiso ezisebenzayo ukuphepha iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo kunye phucula isakhono sakho ukubeka ii-accents:

1. Nika ingqalelo kumagama abizwa ngokuba yihomonymous: Mamaxesha amaninzi, amagama abizwa ngendlela efanayo kodwa aneentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo, ahlulwa kuphela kubukho besivakalisi. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukufunda indlela yokuyisebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuthintela ukungaqondani kunye nokudideka. Eminye imizekelo eqhelekileyo iquka u-"mas" (isihlanganisi esichasayo), "ngaphezulu" (isihlomelo sobuninzi), kunye no "ukuba" (ngokwemiqathango), "sí" (isiqinisekiso). Ngalo lonke ixesha khumbula ukuchasanisa intsingiselo kunye nomxholo apho igama lisetyenziswe khona ukugqiba ukuba lifanele libe nesivakalisi okanye hayi.

2. Sebenzisa imigaqo yogxininiso kumagama oqobo nakumagama asemzini: Njengoko la ngamazwi avela kwezinye iilwimi okanye amagama afanelekileyo, asisoloko silandela imigaqo eqhelekileyo yokugxininisa. Kwezi meko, kubalulekile ukubhekisa kwizichazi-magama nezikhokelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigxivizo sibekwe ngokuchanekileyo. Eminye imizekelo yamagama asemzini ekufuneka sinikele ingqwalasela eyodwa kuwo ngu-"cliché", "déjà vu" kunye "neresumé". Kwaye malunga namagama afanelekileyo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba bane-accent ethile, njengokuthi "uJosé" okanye "uManuel."

3. Ziqhelanise namagama abukhali, anzima kunye ne-esdrújulas: Nangona amagama amaninzi elandela imigaqo jikelele yoxinzelelo, kukho imiba ethile malunga nendawo yelungu eligxininisiweyo kunye nokubekwa kwesivakalisi. Amagama abukhali ngabo abanesilabhili egxininisiweyo yeyokugqibela, efana ne "kofu" okanye "iwotshi." Amagama abuhlungu, awaziwa ngokuba ngamagama acacileyo, ane-syllable egxininisiweyo kwi-syllable yokugqibela, njengokuthi "ilori" okanye "ukonwaba." Ekugqibeleni, amagama esdrújula ngalawo ane-syllable egxininisiweyo ephambi kwe-syllable yokugqibela, njengokuthi "lula" okanye "kabuhlungu." Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba amagama esdrújulas kunye sobresdrújulas ahlala ene-accent.

Ngokulandela ezi ngcebiso ezilula kunye nokusebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo imigaqo yokugxininisa, unokuphucula amandla akho okubeka i-accent ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ugweme iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo. Ngalo lonke ixesha khumbula ukudibana nabakhokheli kunye nezichazi-magama ukuqinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa isigxivizo ngokuchanekileyo, ekubeni uphawu oluncinane lunokwenza umahluko kwintsingiselo yegama. Ziqhelise kwaye ungalibali ukwenza umthambo ulwazi lwakho ukuba yingcaphephe ekusebenziseni isivakalisi!