Indlela Amapolisa Alandelela Ngayo Ifowuni Ebiweyo
Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubela phambili, ukubiwa kwezixhobo eziphathwayo kuye kwaba yingxaki exhaphakileyo nekhathazayo. Ukujongana nale meko, amapolisa afumanise kuyimfuneko ukuphuhlisa ubuchule obukhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokukhangela nokubuyisela ezi zinto zibiweyo. Kule nqaku, siza kuhlolisisa indlela amapolisa asebenzisa ngayo izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zokulandelela ifowuni ebiweyo, ngenjongo yokubonelela ngombono wezobugcisa kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kule nkqubo.
Ukulandelela iGPS: isixhobo esibalulekileyo
Enye yezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo amapolisa elandelela iselula ebiweyo kukusebenzisa inkqubo yokubeka indawo yehlabathi (GPS). Izixhobo eziphathwayo zale mihla zixhotyiswe ngeetshiphusi zeGPS ezivumela abaniniyo ukuba babone iifowuni zabo ukuba zilahlekile okanye zibiwe. Ngelixa umntu exela iselfowuni yakhe njengebiwe, amapolisa anokucela inkampani yefowuni ukuba ivule iGPS ekude kwaye iqalise ukulandelela indawo yesixhobo. ngexesha langempela.
Intsebenziswano yeenkampani zeefowuni
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yokuba amapolisa alandele umnxeba oyiweyo yintsebenziswano yeenkampani zemfonomfono ezi nkampani zineziseko ezingundoqo ezikhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo ezingavumeli kuphela ukusebenza kwe-GPS ekude, kodwa kunye nokuvala ifowuni okanye ukucima idatha. Ulwazi olubonelelwa ziinkampani zemfonomfono luvumela amapolisa ukuba afikelele kwidatha ebalulekileyo efana neerekhodi zokufowuna, imiyalezo okanye uqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi, oluququzelela kakhulu inkqubo yokulandela umkhondo.
Indima yokulandelela usetyenziso
Kukho usetyenziso olukhethekileyo olunokufakwa ngabanini bezixhobo eziphathwayo ukuze bazilandele xa kubusela. Ezi zixhobo zihlala zineempawu ezongezelelweyo, ezinje ngokuthatha iifoto okanye Rekhoda isandi kude. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba umniniyo ubeke ngaphambili enye yezi zicelo kwaye ifowuni ephathekayo ibiwe, amapolisa angacela umntu ochaphazelekayo ukuba asebenze umsebenzi wokulandelela, okwenza umsebenzi wokuwufumana ube lula ngakumbi Fumana kwaye ubuyisele isixhobo.
Ukuqukumbela, ukulandelela iiselfowuni ezibiweyo kube ngumsebenzi obalulekileyo emapoliseni okwangoku. Enkosi kusetyenziso lweGPS, intsebenziswano yeenkampani zeefowuni kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezicelo ezizodwa, amapolisa anokukhangela kwaye abuyise izixhobo eziphathwayo ezibiweyo. ngempumelelo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba impumelelo yokulandelela ixhomekeke kakhulu kwintsebenziswano kunye nesenzo esikhawulezayo sabanini kunye nabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo.
1. Intshayelelo ekufumaneni iselfowuni ebiweyo
Ukufumana ifowuni ephathwayo ebiweyo ngumsebenzi ongundoqo wamapolisa ekukhangeleni nasekufumaneni izixhobo eziphathwayo ebezingumxholo wolwaphulo-mthetho. Ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulandela umkhondo kunye nezixhobo, abasemagunyeni banokulandelela ifowuni kwaye babone indawo ekuyo ngoku. Ukufumana ifowuni ephathwayo ebiweyo kunokwenzeka ngenxa yentsebenziswano yabaqhubi beefowuni, ababonelela ngolwazi olubalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokukhangela.
Enye yeendlela ezisetyenziswa ngamapolisa ukulandelela ifowuni ephathwayo ebiweyo kukulinganisa unxantathu wesiginali yefowuni Le ndlela ibandakanya ukubala indawo eqikelelwayo yesixhobo esiphathwayo ngokusekwe kubungakanani bomqondiso obanjwe ziintambo zomnxeba ezahlukeneyo kufutshane nendawo yokukhangela. Ngoncedo lomsebenzisi, indawo yokugubungela i-eriyali nganye inokumiselwa kwaye, ngokubala kwemathematika, indawo yefowuni inokusekwa.
Olunye ubuchule obusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukufumana ifowuni ephathwayo ebiweyo kukusetyenziswa kokulandela umkhondo kunye ne-geolocation applications. Ezi zicelo, zifakwe kwangaphambili kwisixhobo esiphathwayo, zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba balandele kwaye bafune ifowuni yabo xa belahleka okanye bebiwe. Amapolisa anokusebenzisa ezi zicelo ukuba umnini wefowuni ephathwayo ufake enye yazo kwaye wabelane ngolwazi nabasemagunyeni. Ngale ndlela, bayakwazi ukulandelela ifowuni Ixesha elilungile kunye nokwandisa amathuba okuchacha.
Ukongeza ubuchule obukhankanyiweyo, amapolisa anokufumana ulwazi olufanelekileyo ngentsebenziswano yabemi. Xa kuthe kwabiwa umnxeba ophathwayo, kubalulekile ukuba usixele isiganeko kwabasemagunyeni ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuya kuvumela amapolisa ukuba aqokelele iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo ukuze afune indawo esikuyo isixhobo, njengendawo yokugqibela esasetyenziswa kuyo okanye esabonwa kuyo, aze athathe amanyathelo ayimfuneko okusifumana kwakhona. Intsebenziswano yabemi ingundoqo kolu hlobo lwemeko, ekubeni ingxelo yenziwe ngokukhawuleza, amathuba amaninzi okuphumelela ekufumaneni nasekufumaneni iselula ebiweyo.
2. Izixhobo kunye nobuchwepheshe obusetyenziswa ngamapolisa ukulandelela iiselfowuni eziphathwayo ezibiweyo.
Amapolisa asebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo izixhobo kunye nobuchwepheshe ukulandelela iiselfowuni ezibiweyo kwaye ufumane abo banoxanduva lobu lwaphulo-mthetho. Ezi ndlela ziphucukileyo zibavumela ukuba bafumane iifowuni kwaye bazibuyisele ngokufanelekileyo, ukunceda ukunciphisa amazinga okubiwa kunye nokukhuthaza ukhuseleko kwiindawo zethu.
Omnye wemithombo yoncedo esetyenziswa kakhulu ngamapolisa inkqubo yokuma yehlabathi (GPS)Le nkqubo isekwe kwisathelayithi ikuvumela ukuba ungagcini nje ngokufumana ifowuni ngexesha lokwenyani, kodwa kunye nokulandelela indlela yayo kunye nokumisela isantya sokuhamba kwayo. Ngale ndlela, amapolisa anokulandela umkhondo wesixhobo esibiweyo kwaye enze ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo.
Esinye isixhobo esiphambili ekulandweni ezibiweyo iimobiles yi isoftware yokuqaphela ubuso. Ngombulelo kwii-algorithms eziphucukileyo, amapolisa ayakwazi ukuhlalutya imifanekiso kunye neevidiyo ukuchonga abarhanelwa ababandakanyekayo kuphango. Le software inokuthelekisa imifanekiso ebanjwe ziikhamera zokhuseleko okanye neefoto ze iinethiwekhi zoluntu ukufumana iimatshisi kunye nokufumanisa ukuba ngoobani abophuli-mthetho.
3. Indawo ngeGPS yesixhobo esibiweyo
Zininzi iindlela amapolisa azisebenzisayo ukulandelela iselfowuni ebiweyo, enye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo kukusebenzisa inkqubo yokubeka indawo yehlabathi (GPS) eyakhelwe kwisixhobo. I-GPS ikuvumela ukuba ufumane indawo yefowuni ngokuchanekileyo ngexesha langempela, elinika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo kwabasemagunyeni ukwenza uphando oluyimpumelelo.
Amapolisa anokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufikelela kwi-GPS yeselula ebiweyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ii-arhente zizakucela umyalelo wenkundla ukuze zifumane imvume esemthethweni yokulandela isixhobo. Le nkqubo yekhompyutha ithembeke kakhulu ithembeke kakhulu kwaye ivumela abasemagunyeni ukuba bafumane ulwazi oluchanekileyo nolwexesha langoku kwindawo yeselula ephathwayo.
Nje ukuba ifowuni ephathwayo ebiweyo ifunyenwe kusetyenziswa iGPS, amapolisa angathatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo okufumana isixhobo eso kwaye abambe abophuli-mthetho abanetyala. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko, banokusebenzisana namanye amasebe amapolisa ukuba abambe okanye aqalise umsebenzi wokubuyisela iiselfowuni kunye nokubuyisela impahla ebiweyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-GPS kwisixhobo esibiweyo sisixhobo esibalulekileyo samapolisa kwaye sivumela ukuba enze ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo ukusombulula amatyala obusela kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho olunxulumeneyo.
4. Ukusetyenziswa kokulandela umkhondo kunye nokulandelela izicelo
Amapolisa asebenzisa ukujongwa kude kunye nokulandela usetyenziso lokukhangela kunye nokuphinda afumane iifowuni eziphathwayo ezibiweyo. Ezi zicelo zivumela abameli ukuba balandelele indawo yesixhobo ngexesha lokwenyani, besenza ukuba kubelula ukufumana nokubamba abaphuli-mthetho abanoxanduva.
Esinye sezicelo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu yimikhosi yokhuseleko Fumana i-iPhone yam (Fumana i-iPhone yam), iphuhliswe nguApple. Esi sicelo sivumela abasebenzisi ukuba balandelele indawo yabo Izixhobo ze-Apple ilahlekile okanye ibiwe. Amapolisa angacela ukusebenzisana kwe-Apple ukulandelela iselfowuni ebiweyo esebenzisa esi sicelo, esebenzisa uphawu lweGPS lwesixhobo ukumisela indawo ekuyo kanye.
Esinye isicelo esiqhele ukusetyenziswa ngamaPolisa ICerberus, isixhobo sokhuseleko kunye nesixhobo sokubeka iliso esikude kwisixhobo esiphathwayo se-Android. Esi sicelo sibonelela ngeempawu eziphambili, ezinje ngokukwazi ukuthatha iifoto ngekhamera yangaphambili yesixhobo, ukurekhoda iaudio kunye ukubamba izikrini ukude. Ukongeza, iCerberus ikuvumela ukuba utshixe ukude kwaye usule idatha yefowuni, uqinisekise ukhuseleko lolwazi lomntu.
5. Ukusebenzisana neenkampani zefowuni ukulandelela iselula ebiweyo
Ingqokelela yedatha yendawo: Enye yeendlela eziphambili amapolisa umkhondo cell phone ebiweyo ngokusebenzisa intsebenziswano neenkampani ifowuni. Ezi nkampani zinokufikelela kwisixa esikhulu sedatha yendawo yabasebenzisi ngokusebenzisa iinqaba zeeseli. Xa iselula ebiweyo ixelwa, amapolisa angacela inkampani yefowuni ukuba ibonelele ngeerekhodi zendawo yesixhobo ekuthethwa ngaso. Oku kubavumela ukuba balandele ifowuni kwaye babone indawo yayo yangoku okanye iindawo esandul 'ukuya kuzo.
Indawo ngophawu lwenxantathu: Enye indlela esetyenziswa ngamapolisa ukulandelela iselfowuni ebiweyo yisignali triangulation. Le ndlela isekelwe kuqwalaselo lweenqaba zomnxeba ophathwayo kwindawo ethile yejografi. Xa ifowuni ephathwayo iqhagamshela kwinethiwekhi, ithumela imiqondiso kwiinqaba ezikufutshane. Ngokuhlalutya amandla kunye nexesha elithathayo ukuze umqondiso ufikelele kwiinqaba ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwiselfowuni, amapolisa anokugqiba ukuba uqikelelo lwendawo yakho. Le ndlela iluncedo ngakumbi xa iselfowuni ihamba, kuba ivumela ukuba ilandele umkhondo wayo kwaye igqibe apho isiya khona.
Ukufikelela kwidatha yefowuni: Ukongeza ekuqokeleleni idatha yendawo, amapolisa angakwazi ukufikelela kwenye idata yefowuni efanelekileyo ukulandelela iselfowuni ebiweyo. Oku kubandakanya iirekhodi zokufowuna, imiyalezo ebhaliweyo, idatha evela kwizicelo kunye naluphi na olunye ulwazi olunokuthi luncede kuphando. Le datha inokubonelela ngeengcebiso ezibalulekileyo malunga noqhagamshelwano kunye nemisebenzi yolwaphulo-mthetho, okwenza kube lula ukuchonga nokubamba. umntu ngamnye kunye nokuthobela imigaqo esemthethweni emiselweyo.
6. Uphando lwe-Digital forensic kumatyala okubiwa kwesixhobo esiphathwayo
Uphando lwasenkundleni lwedijithali sisixhobo esisisiseko kwisisombululo se amatyala ubusela isixhobo mobile. Amapolisa asebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule nezixhobo ukulandelela nokubuyisela izixhobo ezilahlekileyo okanye ezibiweyo, kwakunye nokuchonga abo banetyala lobu lwaphulo-mthetho. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga banzi ngendlela amapolisa aqhuba ngayo olu phando kwaye ngawaphi amanyathelo awathathayo ukufumana iselula ebiweyo.
Elinye lamanyathelo okuqala Into eyenziwa ngamapolisa xa ephanda ngokubiwa kwesixhobo esiphathwayo kukucela inkampani yeefowuni I-IMEI yefowuni ebiweyo. I-IMEI, emele iSazisi seSixhobo seMobile saMazwe ngaMazwe, inombolo eyodwa yesazisi enikezelwe kwisixhobo ngasinye esiphathwayo. Esi sicelo senziwa ukuze inkampani ikwazi ukulandelela kwaye ivale isixhobo esibiweyo kwinethiwekhi yayo, ngaloo ndlela ithintele ukusetyenziswa okanye ukuthengiswa kwayo.
Ukongeza ekufumaneni i-IMEI, amapolisa angakwazi sebenzisa isoftware ekhethekileyo yophando ukulandelela iselula ebiweyo. Le software ivumela abaphandi ukuba bafikelele kulwazi olugcinwe kwisixhobo, njengeefowuni, imiyalezo, indawo ye-GPS, imbali yokukhangela, kunye neefayile ezigciniweyo. Olu lwazi lunokubaluleka kuphando, njengoko lunokubonelela ngolwazi lwesela okanye indawo ekuyo ngoku.
Ngamafutshane, i uphando lwasenkundleni lwedijithali idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusombululeni amatyala okubiwa kwezixhobo eziphathwayo Amapolisa asebenzisa iindlela ezikhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo, ezinjengokucela i-IMEI yesixhobo esibiweyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesoftware yophando-nzulu, ukulandelela nokubuyisela iimobiles ezibiweyo. Olu phando lunokubonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo ngabo banoxanduva lobusela, kananjalo luncede ukuthintela ulwaphulo-mthetho kwixesha elizayo. Ukuba ukhe walixhoba lobusela besixhobo esiphathwayo, kubalulekile ukuba uqhagamshelane namapolisa ngokukhawuleza ukuze akwazi ukuqalisa uphando kwaye andise namathuba okufumana isixhobo sakho.
7. Iingcebiso zokuthintela nokubuyisela ifowuni ebiweyo
Kukho ezininzi iingcebiso into onokulandela kuyo thintela ubusela beselfowuni yakho kwaye, ukuba oku kuyenzeka, yifumane kwakhona ngoncedo lwamapolisa.
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba gcina ifowuni yakho rhoqo ihlaziyiwe ngoguqulelo lwamva nje lwe inkqubo yokwenza kwaye i uhlaziyo lokhuseleko. Oku kuya kukunceda ekukhuseleni kubuthathaka obaziwayo.
Olunye ukhetho lu yenza kusebenze i iindlela zokhuseleko yefowuni yakho ephathwayo, efana nephasiwedi yokutshixa okanye i-PIN, i umkhondo wedijithali okanye ukubonwa kobuso. La manyathelo okhuseleko enza kube nzima ukufikelela kulwazi lwakho xa kuthe kwakho ubusela.
8. Ukubaluleka kokuxela ukubiwa kwefowuni ephathwayo kunye nokubonelela ngolwazi olufanelekileyo
Ixhaphakile into yokuba xa kubiwa iselfowuni, abantu bazive bengento yanto yaye benxunguphele. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukuxela ukubiwa kwefowuni ephathwayo kunye nokubonelela ngolwazi olufanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuze amapolisa akwazi ukulandelela kunye nokubuyisela isixhobo. Intsebenziswano yabemi ingundoqo kwimpumelelo yalo naluphi na uphando. Ngokuxela ubusela kunye nokubonelela ngeenkcukacha ezichanekileyo ezifana nemodeli yeselula, inombolo ye-IMEI kunye naluphi na olunye ulwazi olufanelekileyo, wandisa amathuba okufumana kunye nokubuyisela isixhobo kumnini wayo.
Nje ukuba isikhalazo senziwe, Amapolisa asebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo ukulandelela iselfowuni ebiweyo. Kwelinye icala, ungasebenzisa inombolo ye-IMEI, eyikhowudi eyodwa echonga isixhobo ngasinye esiphathwayo, ukuvala ifowuni kwaye uthintele ukusetyenziswa kwayo okungekho mthethweni okanye ukuthengiswa kwimarike nge ifowuni ephathwayo, njengeefowuni okanyeimiyalezo, ukuze ufumane imikhondo malunga nendawo yangoku yesixhobo.
Obunye ubuchule obunokusetyenziswa kukujongwa kweGPS. Uninzi lwezixhobo eziphathwayo zinenkqubo eyakhelweyo yokumisa umhlaba ekuvumela ukuba wazi indawo echanekileyo yefowuni ngexesha langempela. Kwiimeko zobusela, amapolisa anokucela intsebenziswano yababoneleli-nkonzo ukufumanisa indawo ekuyo iselula. Olu lwazi lubalulekile ukucwangcisa nokwenza imisebenzi ekhokelela ekubuyiselweni kwakhona kwesixhobo kunye nokubanjwa kwabo banoxanduva.
9. Uyikhusela njani idatha yakho yobuqu kwaye ukhusele ifowuni yakho emva kobusela
Emva kokuba ube lixhoba lobusela beefowuni eziphathwayo, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okukhusela idatha yakho yobuqu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwayo. yesixhobo sakho. Ngethamsanqa, amapolisa anetekhnoloji ephucukileyoukulandela kunye nokufumana indawo yakho ebiweyo
Inyathelo lokuqala ukukhusela idatha yakho Ubuqu kukutshixa isixhobo sakho ukude. Kuseto lweakhawunti yakho kumboneleli wakho wenkonzo, unokutshixa ifowuni yakho ukuze kungabikho mntu unokufikelela kwiinkcukacha zakho. Kubalulekile ukwenza oku ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuthintela abaphuli-mthetho ekubeni bafikelele kwidatha yakho.
Elinye inyathelo elibalulekileyo kukunxibelelana namapolisa kwaye nibanike lonke ulwazi olunxulumene nobusela. Baza kuba noxanduva lokuqalisa uphando kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ukulandelela iselfowuni yakho ebiweyo. Khumbula ukubanika inombolo yesiriyali kunye IMEI isixhobo sakho, kuba oku kuya kubanceda kwinkqubo yabo yendawo. Ngaphandle koko, Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ube neenombolo zoqhagamshelwano zomsebenzisi wakho kunye nomboneleli wakho wesevisi esandleni. ukuququzelela unxibelelwano namapolisa ngexesha inkqubo yokubuyisela isixhobo.
10. Umthetho kunye nesakhelo esisemthethweni sokulandelela iiselfowuni ezibiweyo
Ukulandelela iifowuni eziphathwayo ezibiweyo ngumsebenzi osisiseko kuPolisa, ukuvumela ukuba achonge indawo yezixhobo kunye nokuququzelela ukubanjwa kwabaphuli-mthetho. Ukwenza le nkqubo, umthetho kunye nesikhokelo somthetho kufuneka sisebenze kwaye simisele izikhokelo eziyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusemthethweni kwezenzo zokulandelela.
Umthetho okhoyo uyamisela uxanduva lweenkampani zemfonomfono ukusebenzisana nabasemagunyeni kwinkqubo yokulandela umkhondo weeselfowuni ezibiweyo. Iinkampani kufuneka indawo yesixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokuvala ukuncedisa ekufumaneni isixhobo. Le ntsebenziswano ingundoqo ukuze amaPolisa akwazi ukufikelela kulwazi oluyimfuneko ukulandelela nokubuyisela izixhobo ezibiweyo.
Enye yeendlela ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ngamaPolisa ukulandela umkhondo iiselfowuni ezibiweyo kungo unxantathu weempawu zefowuni ephathwayo. Obu buchule bubandakanya ukumisela indawo eqikelelwayo yejografi yesixhobo ngokuhlalutya ukuqina kwemiqondiso ekhutshwa zii-eriyali zefowuni ezikufutshane Ukongeza, uvimba weenkcukacha kunye neenkqubo zokubeka indawo zisetyenziselwa ukucokisa indawo ephathwayo. Ezi ndlela zidibeneyo zivumela amaPolisa ukuba alandele izixhobo eziphathwayo ezibiwe ngokufanelekileyo nangokuchanekileyo.
NdinguSebastián Vidal, injineli yekhompyuter ethanda itekhnoloji kunye ne-DIY. Ngaphaya koko, ndingumdali we tecnobits.com, apho ndabelana ngee-tutorials ukwenza itekhnoloji ifikeleleke kwaye iqondeke kumntu wonke.