Indlela yokufumana igama lomphathi nge-IP

Ehlabathini lothungelwano lwekhompyutha, kuqhelekile ukuhlangabezana neemeko apho kuyimfuneko ukuchonga igama lomninimzi wedilesi ye-IP. Nokuba kungenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko, ukulungisa ingxaki, okanye ukufuna nje ukwazi, ukwazi ukuba ungalufumana njani olu lwazi kunokuba luncedo kakhulu. Kule nqaku, siza kuhlolisisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo eziza kusivumela ukuba sazi igama lomninimzi elihambelana nedilesi ye-IP ngokuchanekileyo nangempumelelo. Siza kufunda iindlela ezisisiseko zokuchonga nokuqinisekisa olu lwazi, kwaye siya kufumanisa ukuba lulula njani
Umsebenzi unokudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkalo yothungelwano. Ukuba ufuna ukwandisa ulwazi lwakho malunga nendlela yokwazi igama lomninimzi nge-IP, ufikile kwindawo efanelekileyo. Sijoyine kolu khenketho lobugcisa lunomdla!

1. Intshayelelo kubudlelwane phakathi kwegama lomninimzi kunye nedilesi ye-IP

Kweli candelo, siza kwazisa ingcamango yobudlelwane phakathi kwegama lomninimzi kunye nedilesi ye-IP. Igama lenginginya ligama elinikezelwe kwisixhobo esingaphakathi kuthungelwano, esifana neseva okanye ikhompyutha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, idilesi ye-IP luluhlu lwamanani oluchonga isixhobo ngaphakathi kwinethiwekhi.

Ubudlelwane phakathi kwegama lenginginya kunye nedilesi ye-IP ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi. Xa sifuna ukufikelela kwisixhobo esithile kwi-intanethi, njengomncedisi wewebhu, kufuneka siyazi idilesi ye-IP yayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhumbula idilesi ye-IP kunokuba nzima, kuba yenziwe ngamanani ekunzima ukuwakhumbula. Apha kulapho igama lenginginya lingena khona. Esikhundleni sokukhumbula idilesi ye-IP, sinokunika igama kwisixhobo, njenge "webserver." Ngale ndlela, xa sifuna ukufikelela kwiseva yewebhu, kufuneka sikhumbule igama layo endaweni yedilesi ye-IP.

Ukuseka ubudlelwane phakathi kwegama lomninimzi kunye nedilesi ye-IP, sinokusebenzisa inkqubo yegama lesizinda (DNS). I-DNS yinkqubo enika amagama kwiidilesi ze-IP kwaye ivumela uguqulelo phakathi kwazo. Oku kuyenzeka kuba abancedisi beDNS bayagcina isiseko sedatha ngolwazi lwamagama esizinda kunye needilesi zabo ze-IP ezihambelanayo. Xa sicela ukufikelela kwisixhobo ngegama lenginginya yaso, iqela lethu lidibana neseva ye-DNS ukufumana idilesi ye-IP ehambelanayo kunye nokuseka umdibaniso.

2. Iingcamango ezisisiseko zesisombululo segama lomninimzi nge-IP

Isisombululo segama lomamkeli nge-IP yinkqubo esisiseko kunxibelelwano lwe-intanethi. Xa sizama ukutyelela iwebhusayithi okanye uqhagamshele kwiseva ekude, isixhobo sethu sifuna ukuguqulela igama lesizinda kwidilesi ye-IP ekhethekileyo. Le nkqubo ivumela ukuseka uqhagamshelwano olufanelekileyo kwaye ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-Intanethi.

Ukusombulula igama lomninimzi nge-IP, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo. Ukhetho oluqhelekileyo kukusebenzisa umyalelo we 'nslookup' kumgca womyalelo. Lo myalelo usinika ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nedilesi ye-IP edityaniswe negama lenginginya elithile. Enye indlela kukusebenzisa i-DNS (i-Domain Name System) inkonzo yesisombululo, ejongene nemephu yamagama e-domain kwiidilesi zabo ze-IP ezihambelanayo.

Isinyathelo esibalulekileyo ekuxazululeni igama lomninimzi kwi-IP kukuqonda isakhiwo esisisiseko sedilesi ye-IP. Idilesi ye-IP ineeseti ezine zamanani, ezahlulwe ngamaxesha. Iseti nganye inoluhlu lwamaxabiso ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-255. Umzekelo, idilesi ye-IP esebenzayo ingaba ngu-192.168.0.1. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba kukho iidilesi ze-IP zikawonkewonke kunye nezabucala, kwaye ezokugqibela zisetyenziselwa uthungelwano lwangaphakathi.

Isishwankathelo, isisombululo segama lomninimzi yi-IP yinkqubo ebalulekileyo yokuseka uqhagamshelwano kwi-Intanethi. Ukusombulula igama lomamkeli, sinokusebenzisa izixhobo ezifana nomyalelo we-'nslookup' okanye inkonzo yesisombululo se-DNS. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukuqonda isakhiwo sedilesi ye-IP kunye neengcamango ezisisiseko ezinxulumene needilesi ze-IP zoluntu kunye nezabucala. Ngokuziqonda kakuhle ezi ngcamango, siya kukulungela uku ukusombulula iingxaki enxulumene nesisombululo segama lenginginya nge-IP ngempumelelo.

3. Inyathelo ngenyathelo: Indlela yokumisela igama lomninimzi kwidilesi ye-IP

Ukumisela igama lenginginya kwidilesi yeIP, ungalandela la manyathelo:

1. Sebenzisa umgca womyalelo:

• Vula i-terminal ngaphakathi inkqubo yakho yokusebenza.
• Thayipha umyalelo olandelayo: nslookup [dirección IP].
• Presiona la tecla Enter.
• Isiphumo siya kubonisa igama lenginginya elinxulunyaniswa naloo dilesi yeIP.

2. Sebenzisa isixhobo esikwi-intanethi:

• ukufikelela a iwebhusayithi enikezela ngeenkonzo zokujonga idilesi ye-IP engasemva.
• Ngenisa idilesi ye-IP kwindawo yokukhangela.
• Cofa iqhosha lokukhangela okanye ucofe u-Enter.
• Isixhobo siya kubonisa igama lenginginya elihambelana naloo dilesi ye-IP.

3. Sebenzisa imiyalelo kwiilwimi zokucwangcisa:

• Ukuba uqhelene nolwimi lwenkqubo olufana nePython, ungasebenzisa amathala eencwadi anikezelwe kwisisombululo samagama e-DNS.
• La mathala eencwadi aneendlela ezikuvumela ukuba ufumane igama lenginginya kwidilesi ye-IP.
• Fumana isifundo se-intanethi okanye ujonge amaxwebhu ethala leencwadi elithile ofuna ukulisebenzisa.
• Landela amanyathelo abonisiwe ukufumana iziphumo ezilindelekileyo usebenzisa ikhowudi.

4. Izixhobo eziluncedo kunye nemiyalelo yokwazi igama lomninimzi nge-IP

Ukwazi igama lenginginya elihambelana nedilesi ye-IP, kukho izixhobo ezininzi eziluncedo kunye nemiyalelo enokuququzelela lo msebenzi. Ngezantsi kukho iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuphumeza oku:

Telnet: Enye yeendlela ezilula zokufumana igama lenginginya kukusebenzisa umyalelo we-telnet kumgca womyalelo. Kufuneka nje ufake lo myalelo ulandelayo: telnet IP_HOST, apho "IP_HOST" yidilesi yeIP ofuna ukuyazi igama lomamkeli. Ekusekeni umdibaniso ophumeleleyo, igama lenginginya liza kuvela kwisikrini.

NSLookup: Olunye ukhetho oluluncedo ngumyalelo we-NSLookup. Esi sisixhobo sokuxilonga esikuvumela ukuba ubuze amaseva egama lesizinda (i-DNS) ukufumana ulwazi malunga negama lenginginya yedilesi ye-IP. Ukuyisebenzisa, kufuneka wenze lo myalelo ulandelayo: nslookup IP_HOST. Isiphumo siya kubonisa igama lenginginya eliqhagamshelwe kwi-IP eceliweyo.

Traceroute: Okokugqibela, esinye isixhobo esinokunika igama lomninimzi ledilesi ye-IP yiTraceroute. Esi sixhobo sikuvumela ukuba ulandele indlela elandelwa yipakethi yedatha kwinethiwekhi. Xa uphumeza umyalelo traceroute IP_HOST, amagama ee-nodes aya kuboniswa ecaleni kwendlela, ukunika ulwazi malunga negama lomninimzi kwindawo nganye.

5. Uqwalaselo lwe-DNS: iqhekeza elisisiseko ukwazi igama lomninimzi nge-IP

Uqwalaselo lwe-DNS lubalulekile ukwazi igama lenginginya elinxulunyaniswa nedilesi ye-IP kwindawo yenethiwekhi. Ngokunxulumanisa idilesi ye-IP kwigama lomninimzi, i-DNS ivumela izixhobo ukuba zichongwe kwaye zibekwe ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo. Ngezantsi ngamanyathelo okuqwalasela i-DNS ngokuchanekileyo:

1. Fikelela kwiphaneli yolawulo yerouter okanye iseva yeDNS elawula inethiwekhi.
2. Jonga i-DNS okanye icandelo loqwalaselo elithi "Domain Name System".
3. Ngenisa iidilesi ze-IP ezikhethwayo kunye nezinye iiseva ze-DNS ezinikezelwa yi-ISP yakho (uMboneleli weNkonzo ye-Intanethi) okanye uqwalasele iiseva zoluntu ze-DNS ezifana ne-Google DNS (8.8.8.8 kunye ne-8.8.4.4).
4. Gcina useto kwaye uqalise kwakhona i-router yakho okanye iseva ye-DNS ukuze utshintsho lusebenze.

Nje ukuba la manyathelo agqitywe, i-DNS iya kucwangciswa ngokuchanekileyo ukusombulula amagama abamkeli kwiidilesi ze-IP kwaye ngokuchaseneyo. Ukuba ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba uqwalaselo luphumelele na, ungasebenzisa izixhobo zelayini yomyalelo ezifana ne "nslookup" okanye "ping" ukusombulula amagama onginginya kwaye ukhangele iimpendulo ezisebenzayo.

Okubalulekileyo, useto lwe-DNS kufuneka luchaneke kwaye lube sexesheni. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kubekwe iliso ngamaxesha athile ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo iyaqhubeka ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuba ufumana iingxaki zesisombululo segama lomamkeli, ungazama ukuhlaziya useto lwakho lwe-DNS okanye uqhagamshelane nenkxaso yobuchwephesha yoMboneleli ngeNkonzo ye-Intanethi ukuze ufumane uncedo olongezelelweyo.

6. Iingqwalasela ezibalulekileyo xa uphanda igama lenginginya yedilesi ye-IP

Ukuphanda igama lenginginya yedilesi ye-IP, kubalulekile ukulandela amanyathelo athile aya kusivumela ukuba sifumane ulwazi oluyimfuneko. Okokuqala, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise isixhobo "nslookup" kumgca womyalelo. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka sivule iwindow yomyalelo kwaye uthayiphe "nslookup" elandelwa yidilesi ye-IP esifuna ukuyiphanda. Esi sixhobo siza kubuyisela igama lenginginya ehambelana nedilesi ye-IP.

Enye inketho kukusebenzisa umyalelo "ping" kumgca womyalelo. Ngokuchwetheza "ping" elandelwa yidilesi ye-IP, siya kufumana impendulo eya kubandakanya igama lenginginya. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba oku kuya kusebenza kuphela ukuba ikhompyutha ekuyo idilesi ye-IP inempendulo kumyalelo "ping" ovuliwe. Ngaphandle koko, asiyi kufumana naluphi na ulwazi.

Ukuba akukho nanye kwezi zikhetho zingentla zisebenzayo, sinokusebenzisa iinkonzo ze-intanethi ezisivumela ukuba siphande igama lomninimzi ledilesi ye-IP. Ezinye iiwebhusayithi zibonelela ngokusebenza simahla. Kufuneka singenise kuphela idilesi ye-IP kwaye baya kusibonisa igama lenginginya ehambelana nayo. Ezi nkonzo zihlala ziluncedo xa singakwazi ukufikelela kumgca womyalelo okanye xa sifuna ukufumana ulwazi olongezelelweyo malunga negama lomninimzi.

7. Ukusebenzisa umgca womyalelo ukufumana igama lomninimzi nge-IP ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo

Ukufumana igama lomninimzi nge-IP ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo ngomgca womyalelo, kukho iinketho ezininzi kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo. Isifundo siya kunikwa ngezantsi Inyathelo nenyathelo ukuze sikufezekise oko.

1. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-nslookup: Umyalelo we-nslookup sisixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu sokufumana ulwazi lwe-DNS, kuquka negama lenginginya, kwidilesi ye-IP. Kufuneka uvule umgca womyalelo kwaye usebenzise lo myalelo ulandelayo: nslookup [dirección IP]. Lo myalelo uza kubonisa igama lenginginya elinxulunyaniswa naloo dilesi yeIP. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, ungabaleka nslookup -type=PTR [dirección IP].

2. Ukusetyenziswa kokumba: Enye inketho kukusebenzisa i-dig command, ekwasivumela ukuba sifumane ulwazi lwe-DNS. Ukufumana igama lenginginya kwidilesi ye-IP usebenzisa i-dig, sebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo: dig -x [dirección IP]. Lo myalelo uza kukubonisa igama lenginginya elihambelana nedilesi ye IP ekhankanyiweyo.

3. Usetyenziso lomamkeli: Umyalelo wenginginya unokusetyenziselwa ukufumana igama lenginginya nge-IP. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa ngokulula umyalelo host [dirección IP] kumgca womyalelo. Ngale nto, uya kufumana igama lenginginya elihambelana nedilesi ye-IP.

8. Ukusombulula ingxaki: Uzilungisa njani iimpazamo xa uzama ukufumana igama lomninimzi nge-IP

Ukujongana neempazamo xa uzama ukwazi igama lomninimzi nge-IP, kubalulekile ukulandela uluhlu lwamanyathelo okuchonga nokusombulula ingxaki ngokufanelekileyo. Ngezantsi ngamanyathelo onokuthi uwalandele:

1. Jonga uqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi: Qinisekisa ukuba umatshini ozama ukufumana igama lenginginya kuwo uqhagamshelwe kuthungelwano ngokufanelekileyo. Ungasebenzisa imiyalelo efana ping ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano ngedilesi ye-IP ekuthethwa ngayo.
2. Sebenzisa izixhobo zokusombulula amagama: Kukho izixhobo ezininzi ezikuvumela ukuba ufumane igama lenginginya elihambelana nedilesi ye-IP. Ezinye zezona zixhobo ziqhelekileyo ziquka nslookup, dig y host. Ezi zixhobo ziya kukunika ulwazi olufanelekileyo malunga negama lenginginya elihambelana ne-IP.
3. Qinisekisa useto lwe-DNS: Ukuba ufumana iingxaki zokufumana igama lenginginya nge-IP, useto lwakho lweDNS lusenokungachanekanga. Qinisekisa ukuba iiseva ze-DNS eziqwalaselwe kumatshini zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo kwaye zinokusombulula amagama abamkeli ngokuchanekileyo. Kwakhona, qinisekisa ukuba idilesi ye-IP echaphazelekayo ibhaliswe ngokuchanekileyo kwiseva ye-DNS ehambelanayo.

Kwimeko apho la manyathelo angentla awawusombululi umcimbi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhangele iiforum zobugcisa kunye noluntu ngoncedo olongezelelweyo. Amaxesha amaninzi, abanye abasebenzisi baye bafumana iingxaki ezifanayo kwaye banokukunika isikhokelo esikhethekileyo kwimeko yakho. Kukwaluncedo ukuphanda amaxwebhu asemthethweni ezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nezikhokelo zokusombulula ingxaki ezinikezelwe ngabaphuhlisi.

Ngokulandela la manyathelo, uya kukwazi ukulungisa iimpazamo xa uzama ukufumana igama lenginginya nge-IP ngempumelelo. Khumbula ukuba ukulungisa iingxaki kufuna umonde kunye nendlela yokwenza, kodwa ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo, unokusombulula ezininzi iingxaki ezinxulumene nokuchonga amagama abamkeli nge-IP.

9. Ukubaluleka kokhuseleko xa kumiselwa igama lomninimzi nge-IP

Ukumisela igama lomninimzi nge-IP, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukhuseleko, njengoko oku kunokunceda ukukhusela ulwazi olubuthathaka kunye nokuthintela uhlaselo olunokwenzeka. Ngezantsi kukho imiba ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule:

1. Sebenzisa isikena sezibuko: Phambi kokumisela igama lenginginya nge-IP, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise isixhobo sokuskena sezibuko ukuchonga ubuthathaka obunokwenzeka kwinkqubo. Ezi skena zinokubona amazibuko avulekileyo kunye neenkonzo ezinokuthi zibe sesichengeni sokuhlaselwa. Kubalulekile ukuvala onke amazibuko angeyomfuneko kwaye ugcine iinkonzo ezisetyenzisiweyo zihlaziywa ngoku ukuphepha ukuphulwa kokhuseleko olunokwenzeka..

2. Qinisekisa ubunyani begama lenginginya: Xa umisela igama lenginginya nge-IP, qiniseka ukuba uqinisekisa ubunyani beseva okanye isixhobo oqhagamshela kuso. Sebenzisa izatifikethi zedijithali eziyimfuneko kwaye uqinisekise ukuba igama lenginginya liyahambelana neseva elindelekileyo okanye igama lesixhobo. Kuphephe ukuqhagamshela kwiiseva ezingaziwayo okanye ezingangqinwanga okanye izixhobo ukukhusela kuhlaselo olunokubakho.

3. Sebenzisa i-firewall: I-firewall inokusebenza njengomqobo wokhuseleko phakathi kwenkqubo kunye nezisongelo zangaphandle ezinokubakho. Qwalasela i-firewall evumela kuphela i-traffic yenethiwekhi eyimfuneko kwaye ivalela nayiphi na imizamo yoqhagamshelwano olungagunyaziswanga. Gcina imithetho ye-firewall isexesheni kwaye ubeke iliso kwiilog zomsebenzi ukuze ubone kwaye uthintele umsebenzi okrokrelayo.

10. Iindlela eziphucukileyo zokwazi igama lenginginya yedilesi ye-IP

Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili ezikuvumela ukuba wazi igama lenginginya ledilesi yeIP ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ichanekile. Apha ngezantsi kukho olu khetho:

1. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ze-intanethi: Kukho izixhobo ezininzi ze-intanethi ezibonelela ngeenkcukacha ezicacileyo malunga nedilesi ye-IP, kuquka negama lomninimzi. Ezi zixhobo zihlala zisimahla kwaye kulula ukuzisebenzisa. Kuyimfuneko kuphela ukufaka idilesi ye-IP kumbuzo kwaye isixhobo siya kubonisa igama lenginginya elihambelanayo.

2. Ukusebenzisa imiyalelo kumgca womyalelo: ngo iinkqubo zokusebenza Njenge Linux okanye Windows, ungasebenzisa imiyalelo yomsebenzi womnatha ukufumana igama lenginginya yedilesi yeIP. Umzekelo, kwiLinux, umyalelo nslookup ilandelwa yidilesi ye-IP iya kubonisa igama lenginginya elihambelanayo. Ngokufanayo, kwiWindows, umyalelo ping -a ilandelwa yidilesi yeIP iyakunika igama lomamkeli.

3. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-APIs ye-geolocation: ezinye ii-APIs ze-geolocation, ezifana ne-MaxMind API, zikuvumela ukuba ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nedilesi ye-IP, kuquka negama lomninimzi. Ezi APIs zifuna ngokubanzi igama eliyimfihlo, kodwa zinokubonelela ngeziphumo ezichanekileyo nezihlaziyiweyo. Ngokusebenzisa i-API enjalo, kunokwenzeka ukwenza ngokuzenzekelayo inkqubo yokufumana amagama abamkeli kwaye ufumane iziphumo ngexesha langempela.

11. Umahluko phakathi kwegama lenginginya likawonke-wonke nelabucala: zisichaphazela njani isisombululo se-IP?

Umahluko phakathi kwe-a Igama lenginginya likawonke-wonke nelabucala ilele ekufikelelekeni kwayo kunye nendlela esichaphazela ngayo isisombululo se-IP. Igama lomamkeli kawonke-wonke lelo libhaliswe kwiDomain Name System (DNS) kwaye lifikeleleka ngokulula kuyo nayiphi na indawo kwi-Intanethi. Kwelinye icala, igama lenginginya labucala lisetyenziswa ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yendawo kwaye ayinakufikelelwa kwi-Intanethi ngaphandle koqwalaselo olongezelelweyo.

Isisombululo se-IP sichatshazelwa ngumahluko phakathi kwegama lomninimzi kunye noluntu lwabucala. Xa isicelo sesisombululo segama lesizinda senziwe, igama lenginginya likawonke-wonke liya kusonjululwa ngokuthe ngqo ngamaseva e-DNS kwaye livumele uxhulumaniso kwidilesi ye-IP ehambelanayo. Nangona kunjalo, igama lenginginya labucala liya kufuna ulungelelwaniso oluthile ukuze lisonjululwe ngokuchanekileyo ngaphakathi kuthungelwano lobulali. Oku kubandakanya ukuseta iseva ye-DNS yendawo okanye ukusebenzisa iirekhodi zegama kwi-router ukwenza imephu yegama lomninimzi labucala kwidilesi ye-IP yangaphakathi.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba igama lenginginya likawonke-wonke linokufikeleleka naphi na kwi-Intanethi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba semngciphekweni kokhuseleko. Kwelinye icala, igama lomamkeli wabucala libonelela ngokhuseleko olukhulu ngokungavezwa kwizoyikiso zangaphandle. Ukongezelela, ukusebenzisa igama lomninimzi wangasese kunokukwenza kube lula ukuqwalasela iinkonzo zangaphakathi. kwinethiwekhi yendawo, njengabancedisi bewebhu, oovimba beenkcukacha okanye abashicileli, kuba akuyi kuba yimfuneko ukuxhomekeka kwiidilesi zangaphakathi ze IP ukufikelela kuzo.

12. Ulisebenzisa njani igama lenginginya nge-IP kwinethiwekhi yokusombulula ingxaki

Esinye sezakhono eziphambili ekusombululeni iingxaki zenethiwekhi kukwazi indlela yokusebenzisa igama lomninimzi nge-IP. Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi xa sifuna ukuchonga isixhobo kwinethiwekhi enkulu okanye xa i-DNS ingasebenzi kakuhle. Apha siza kukubonisa indlela onokuwenza ngayo lo msebenzi ngendlela elula.

1. Vula iwindow yomyalelo kweyakho inkqubo yokwenza. Oku kunokwenziwa kwiWindows ngokucofa iqhosha elithi "Windows" kunye neqhosha elithi "R" ukuvula ibhokisi yencoko yababini ethi "Run", emva koko uchwetheze "cmd" kwaye ucinezele u-Enter. KwiLinux okanye kwiMacOS, unokufumana i-terminal kwimenyu yosetyenziso.

2. Nje ukuba uvule ifestile yomyalelo, chwetheza lo myalelo ulandelayo: ping -a [dirección IP] apho [idilesi yeIP] ikwidilesi yeIP yesixhobo ofuna ukusichonga. Lo myalelo uya kuthumela isicelo se-ping kwidilesi ye-IP kwaye uya kubuyisela igama lenginginya elihambelanayo. Ukuba idilesi ye-IP ayinalo igama lenginginya elihambelanayo, impendulo iya kubonisa "umamkeli akafunyanwanga."

13. Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba igama lenginginya alinakumiselwa yi-IP?

Ukuba uhlangabezana nemeko apho awukwazi ukumisela igama lomninimzi nge-IP, kukho izisombululo onokuzama ukusombulula lo mba. Nazi ezinye iinketho onokuziqwalasela:

1. Khangela izicwangciso ze-DNS: Qinisekisa ukuba iseva yakho ye-DNS iqwalaselwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye isebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ungasebenzisa izixhobo ezifana i-nslookup o dig ukujonga izicwangciso zakho ze-DNS kwaye uqinisekise ukuba isisombululo sivuliwe.

2. Jonga uqhagamshelo: Qinisekisa ukuba isixhobo ozama kuso ukumisela igama lenginginya sinonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi oluzinzileyo. Jonga ukuba unokufikelela kwezinye iiwebhusayithi okanye iinkonzo ze-intanethi ukusuka kweso sixhobo. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba ukhuphe imiba yoqhagamshelo enokuthi iphazamisane nesisombululo segama lenginginya.

3. Sebenzisa izixhobo zokuskena izibuko: Ungazama ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezifana I-Nmap ukuskena isixhobo ekuthethwa ngaso kwaye umisele ukuba zeziphi izibuko ezivuliweyo. Oku kunokukunika umkhondo wokuba zeziphi iinkonzo ezisebenzayo kweso sixhobo kwaye kunokukunika imikhondo malunga negama lomamkeli.

Khumbula ukuba ukusombulula ingxaki yokungakwazi ukumisela igama lomninimzi nge-IP kunokufuna umonde kunye nohlalutyo. Qinisekisa ukuba ulandela la manyathelo akhankanywe ngasentla kwaye usebenzise izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ukuze ufumane ulwazi oludingayo. Ukuba ingxaki iyaqhubeka, unokufuna ukufuna uncedo olongezelelweyo kwiiforam zenkxaso okanye udibane neengcali zothungelwano ngesisombululo esikhethekileyo.

14. Ukujongana neenkxalabo zabucala xa usebenzisa iinkonzo zokusonjululwa kwegama lenginginya ye-IP

Xa usebenzisa iinkonzo zesisombululo se-IP hostname, kubalulekile ukujongana neenkxalabo zangasese ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwedatha. Apha ngezantsi ngamanyathelo aphambili okusombulula ezi zinto zixhalabisayo:

Hlalutya ngononophelo imigaqo yenkonzo kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wabucala: Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa nayiphi na inkonzo yesisombululo segama lomninimzi we-IP, kubalulekile ukuphonononga ngononophelo imigaqo yenkonzo kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wabucala. Oku kuya kukunceda uqonde indlela idatha yobuqu ephathwa ngayo kwaye ikhuselwe.

Cinga ngokusebenzisa iVPN: Inethiwekhi yabucala ebonakalayo (VPN) inokubonelela ngoluhlu olongezelelweyo lokhuseleko kunye nobumfihlo ngokusebenzisa iinkonzo ze-IP zesisombululo segama lomninimzi. I-VPN ifihla i-intanethi ye-intanethi kwaye ifihla idilesi ye-IP, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela idatha yomsebenzisi kunye nesazisi.

Ngamafutshane, ukwazi igama lomninimzi kwidilesi ye-IP kunokuba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokwenza uphando lobugcisa kunye nokusombulula iingxaki zenethiwekhi. Ngeli nqaku, siye saphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuchule bokufumana olu lwazi ngokufanelekileyo. Ukusuka ekusebenziseni imiyalelo kumgca womyalelo ukuya kwizixhobo ze-intanethi, indlela nganye inesethi yayo yeenzuzo kunye nemida. Nokuba ujonge ukuchonga izixhobo kwinethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya okanye ulandelele umsebenzi okrokrisayo kwindawo ekude, ukwazi igama lomninimzi nge-IP kukunika umbono ogqibeleleyo woyilo lwenethiwekhi yakho kwaye kukunceda ukuba uthathe amanyathelo okuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ngobuchule obu buchule, uya kukwazi ukuphucula izakhono zakho zobugcisa kunye nokusombulula iingxaki zenethiwekhi ngokuchanekileyo nakweyiphi na imeko. Ke ungathandabuzi ukuthatha ithuba lezi zixhobo kunye nolwazi lokuphucula amandla akho obuchule kwicandelo lolawulo lwenethiwekhi.