Isitshixo seWi-Fi ngundoqo kubomi banamhlanje bedijithali. Ivumela ukuba siqhagamshele kwi-Intanethi ngaphandle kwamacingo kwaye sonwabele intuthuzelo yoqhagamshelo kuyo nayiphi na ikona yekhaya okanye iofisi yethu. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha sinokulibala okanye siphulukane nesitshixo kwinethiwekhi yethu ye-Wi-Fi, esishiya singenako ukufikelela kwi-intanethi. Kweli nqaku lobugcisa, siya kufunda indlela yokwazi igama eliyimfihlo leWi-Fi kwaye siphinde sifumane olo fikelelo luxabisekileyo. Siza kuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo eziya kusinceda sivule eso sitshixo silahlekileyo ukuze sibuyele ukonwabela ubomi kwi-Intanethi ngokukhawuleza nangokukhuselekileyo. Ke lungele ukungena kwihlabathi lokubuyisela isitshixo se-Wi-Fi kwaye uphinde uqhagamshele nenethiwekhi yakho njengengcali yokwenyani yobuchwephesha.
1. Intshayelelo yokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi engenazingcingo
Ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi engenazingcingo ngumba osisiseko kwixesha ledijithali, njengoko izixhobo ezininzi ngakumbi ziqhagamshela nge-Wi-Fi networks. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iziseko zokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi engenazingcingo kwaye sinikeze iingcebiso kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela uqhagamshelo lwakho lwamacingo.
Inethiwekhi engenazingcingo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Wi-Fi, ivumela izixhobo ukuba ziqhagamshelane ngamaza erediyo endaweni yeentambo zomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, olu ncedo lusenokubonisa imingcipheko yokhuseleko, njengoko iimpawu ezingenazingcingo zinokubanjwa ngamaqela angagunyaziswanga. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okukhusela ukukhusela iinethiwekhi ezingenazingcingo kunye nolwazi olugqithiswa phezu kwazo.
Kukho amanyathelo okhuseleko amaninzi anokuphunyezwa ukukhusela iinethiwekhi ezingenazingcingo. Ezi ziquka ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo anamandla, ukutshintsha rhoqo amagama ayimfihlo, ukufihla igama lomnatha (SSID), ukuphumeza i-encryption, kunye nesegmentation yenethiwekhi. Kulo lonke eli nqaku, siza kuphonononga nganye yezi ndlela ngokweenkcukacha kwaye sikunike imizekelo ebonakalayo yokuphunyezwa kwazo.
2. Kutheni kufuneka wazi igama lokugqitha lakho WiFi?
Iphasiwedi yakho ye-WiFi lulwazi olubalulekileyo ekufuneka uyazi ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Okokuqala, ukuqinisekisa ubumfihlo kunye nokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yakho. Ukwazi igama eliyimfihlo leWiFi kukuvumela ukuba ulawule ukuba ngubani onokufikelela kuqhagamshelo lwakho lwe-intanethi kwaye ukhusele idatha yakho yobuqu kunye nezixhobo kwizisongelo ezinokubakho.
Ukongeza, ukwazi igama eligqithisiweyo leWiFi kukuvumela ukuba ulawule kwaye uphucule inethiwekhi yakho ngokufanelekileyo. Ungatshintsha igama le-WiFi kunye negama lokugqitha, misela i-router kwaye usombulule iingxaki uxhumano ngokukhawuleza. Ezi setingi ziya kukunceda uphucule isantya kunye nokuzinza koqhagamshelo lwakho lwe-intanethi.
Okokugqibela, ukuba ufuna ukongeza izixhobo ezitsha kwinethiwekhi yakho, njengeprinta engenazingcingo okanye isithethi esihlakaniphile, kuya kufuneka wazi isitshixo sakho seWiFi ukuseka ngokufanelekileyo unxibelelwano. Ngaphandle kwesitshixo, ezi zixhobo aziyi kukwazi ukufikelela kwinethiwekhi yakho kwaye awuyi kukwazi ukunandipha zonke iimpawu zayo.
3. iindlela Basic ukufumana isitshixo sakho WiFi
Ukufumana isitshixo sakho WiFi, kukho iindlela ezininzi ezisisiseko eziya kukunceda ukusombulula le ngxaki. Ngezantsi, sikubonisa ezinye zazo:
1. Jonga umzila: Isinyathelo sokuqala kukukhangela ileyibhile ye-router. Oku kudla ngokubekwa emazantsi okanye ngasemva kwesixhobo kwaye kunokubonisa igama lomsebenzisi elihlala likhona kunye negama lokugqitha. Ukuba awukatshintshi olu lwazi, ungazama olu lwazi ukufikelela useto lwe-router kwaye ufumane isitshixo sakho se-WiFi.
2. Sebenzisa indawo yolawulo: Fikelela kwiphaneli yolawulo yerouter ngokusebenzisa isikhangeli sewebhu. Kuyo, ufanele ukwazi idilesi ye-IP yomzila kunye negama lomsebenzisi lokufikelela kunye negama lokugqitha. Xa sele ungaphakathi, khangela icandelo loqwalaselo lwenethiwekhi engenazingcingo okanye yeWiFi. Apho ungafumana isitshixo sakho senethiwekhi.
3. Seta kwakhona useto lwasefektri: Ukuba awukwazi ukufikelela kwiphaneli yolawulo okanye awukhumbuli igama eligqithisiweyo lokufikelela, unokuseta kwakhona i-router kwisetingi zasefektri. Ukwenza oku, khangela iqhosha lokuseta kwakhona kwisixhobo sakho. Cinezela kwaye ubambe imizuzwana embalwa de izibane ze-router zidanyaze. Oku kuya kususa zonke iisetingi zesiko, kubandakanya isitshixo seWiFi, kwaye ubuyisele izinto ezingagqibekanga zasefektri. Emva koko, unokufikelela kwi-router usebenzisa idatha engagqibekanga eboniswe kwincwadana yesixhobo.
4. Ukufikelela kwiphaneli yokulawula umzila wakho
Ukufikelela kwiphaneli yolawulo yerutha yakho, kuya kufuneka uqale uqinisekise ukuba uqhagamshelwe kwinethiwekhi yeWi-Fi yerouter yakho. Nje ukuba uqhagamshelwe, vula isikhangeli sewebhu kwisixhobo sakho kwaye uchwetheze idilesi ye-IP yerouter kwibha yedilesi. Idilesi ye-IP idla ngokuba ngu-192.168.1.1 okanye 192.168.0.1, kodwa inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimodeli ye-router onayo.
Emva kokufaka idilesi ye-IP, cofa iqhosha elithi Faka kwikhibhodi yakho. Oku kuyakusa kwiphepha lokungena kwiphaneli yolawulo yerouter. Apha, kuya kufuneka ufake igama lakho lomsebenzisi kunye negama lokugqitha. Ukuba awuzange utshintshe la maxabiso, unokufumana amaxabiso angagqibekanga kumaxwebhu e-router okanye emazantsi okanye ngasemva kwi-router ngokwayo.
Nje ukuba ufake iziqinisekiso ezichanekileyo, uya kukwazi ukufikelela kwiphaneli yokulawula yerouter yakho. Apha uya kufumana iinketho ezahlukeneyo kunye noseto oluya kukuvumela ukuba ulawule inethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi. Ezinye izicwangciso eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukutshintsha igama lenethiwekhi, ukuseta iphasiwedi entsha ye-Wi-Fi, ukuseta ulawulo lwabazali, okanye ukulungelelanisa umgangatho wenkonzo (QoS) ukubeka phambili izixhobo ezithile okanye ii-apps.
5. Ukusebenzisa indlela yokusetha kwakhona i-factory ukubuyisela iqhosha
Ngamanye amaxesha, sinokuzifumana sikwimeko yokuba siyilibele ikhowudi yofikelelo kwisixhobo sethu okanye sifune nje ukuseta kwakhona kuseto lwalo lokuqala. Kule meko, indlela yokusetha kwakhona imveliso ingaba sisisombululo esihle. Ngale nkqubo, sinokuphinda sifumane ikhowudi yofikelelo yesixhobo sethu ngendlela elula. Okulandelayo, siza kuchaza Inyathelo nenyathelo indlela yokusebenzisa le ndlela:
1. Yenza i isipele: Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise inkqubo yokuseta ngokutsha, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ugcine yonke idatha ebalulekileyo egcinwe kwisixhobo sakho. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba awulahlekelwa naluphi na ulwazi olubalulekileyo ngexesha lenkqubo.
2. Fikelela kwimenyu yeZiseto: Nje ukuba wenze i-backup, fikelela kwimenyu yoSeto yesixhobo sakho. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ungayifumana le menu kwisikrini ekhaya okanye kwibar yesaziso. Khangela ukhetho olukhankanya "Seta kwakhona" okanye "Ubumfihlo" kwaye uyikhethe.
3. Seta ngokutsha umzi-mveliso: Phakathi kweenketho zokuseta kwakhona, uya kufumana enye indlela "yokusetha kabusha iFactory" okanye "Cima yonke idatha". Xa ukhetha olu khetho, isilumkiso siya kuvela esibonisa ukuba yonke idatha iya kucinywa. Qinisekisa ukuba wenze ugcino olukhankanywe kwinyathelo lokuqala kwaye uqinisekise ukhetho lwakho. Isixhobo siya kuqalisa inkqubo yokusetha kwakhona, enokuthatha imizuzu embalwa.
Khumbula ukuba indlela yokuseta ngokutsha kwefektri iyakucima yonke idatha kunye noseto olugcinwe kwisixhobo sakho, iyishiye ikwimeko ebikuyo ngexesha lokuthenga. Xa inkqubo igqityiwe, uya kukwazi ukuqwalasela isixhobo sakho kwakhona, kuquka ukwenza ikhowudi yokugqitha entsha. Nceda uqaphele ukuba le nkqubo inokwahluka kancinane ngokuxhomekeke ekwenziweni kunye nemodeli yesixhobo sakho, ke sicebisa ukuba uqhagamshelane nencwadana yomsebenzisi okanye ukhangele izifundo ezithile kwi-intanethi.
6. Ukumisela ufikelelo olukude ukufumana isitshixo sakho seWiFi
Ukuqwalasela ukufikelela kude kwaye ufumane isitshixo sakho seWiFi, landela la manyathelo alula:
1. Fikelela kuqwalaselo lwendlela yakho: Ngenisa idilesi ye-IP yerouter yakho kwisikhangeli sewebhu. Ngokuqhelekileyo idilesi ithi 192.168.1.1 okanye 192.168.0.1. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngedilesi ye-IP yomzila wakho, ungajongana nencwadana yemigaqo yesixhobo okanye ukhangele imodeli ethile kwi-intanethi.
2. Ngena kwi-router: Faka igama lomsebenzisi kunye negama lokugqitha. Ezi ziqinisekiso kufuneka kwakhona zibe kwi-router manual. Ukuba awuzange utshintshe iinkcukacha zakho, igama lomsebenzisi linokuba ngu "admin" kunye negama lokugqitha lisenokungabi nanto. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba utshintshile iziqinisekiso zakho kwaye uzilibele, unokufuna ukuseta kwakhona i-router yakho kuseto lwefektri.
3. Misela ukufikelela kude: Khangela ukhetho lwezicwangciso ukufikelela kude kwimenyu ye-router. Ngokuxhomekeke kwi-brand kunye nemodeli ye-router, olu khetho lunokufumaneka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Nje ukuba uyifumene, yivule kwaye ufake izibuko ofuna ukulisebenzisa ukufikelela kude. Qinisekisa ukuba ukhethe i-port ekhuselekileyo kwaye ugweme ukusebenzisa amanani angagqibekanga njenge-22 okanye i-80. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukuseta igama eliyimfihlo elinamandla ukukhusela ukufikelela okude kwi-router yakho.
7. Ukuhlalutya iipakethi zenethiwekhi ukufumana isitshixo sakho seWiFi
Ukuba ulibele igama eligqithisiweyo inethiwekhi yakho ye-WiFi kwaye kufuneka uyifumane kwakhona, ukuhlalutya iipakethe zenethiwekhi kunokuba lukhetho oluluncedo. Ngale ndlela, uya kuba nakho ukufumana isitshixo sakho seWiFi ngokufunda ngokweenkcukacha iipakethi zolwazi ezijikeleza kwinethiwekhi yakho. Okulandelayo, siza kubonisa amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukwenza le nkqubo:
- Khuphela kwaye ufake isoftware yohlalutyo lwepakethi yenethiwekhi. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezifumanekayo kwi-intanethi, ezinje ngeWireshark okanye iTcpdump, ezidumileyo nezithembekileyo izixhobo zale njongo.
- Nje ukuba isoftware ifakiwe, yivule kwaye uqwalasele ujongano lwenethiwekhi ukuze ubambe iipakethi. Khetha uqhagamshelo lweWiFi ofuna ukuluhlalutya kwaye uvule ipakethi yokubanjwa kolu jongano.
- Qala ukuthathwa kwepakethi kwaye uqiniseke ukuba unomsebenzi kwi-intanethi ngexesha lale nkqubo. Umzekelo, unokusefa kwi-Intanethi okanye usebenzise iiaplikeshini ezivelisa itrafikhi kwinethiwekhi.
- Nje ukuba ubambe iipakethi ezaneleyo, yeka ukubamba kwaye uqhubeke nokucoca ulwazi olufanelekileyo. Jonga iipakethi eziqulethe ulwazi malunga nokuqinisekiswa okanye utshintshiselwano olungundoqo kwinethiwekhi ye-WiFi.
- Hlalutya iipakethi ezihluziweyo ujonge isitshixo sakho senethiwekhi yeWiFi. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiprothokholi yokhuseleko esetyenzisiweyo, isitshixo sinokuguqulelwa ngokuntsonkothileyo okanye sibonise iipateni ezithile kwipakethi yetrafikhi.
Khumbula ukuba le ndlela yokuhlalutya iipakethi zenethiwekhi ukufumana isitshixo sakho se-WiFi ifuna umgangatho othile wolwazi lobugcisa kwaye ayiqinisekisi iziphumo ezikhawulezayo. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukusebenzisa le ndlela ukufikelela Iinethiwekhi ze-WiFi ngaphandle kogunyaziso akukho mthethweni kwaye kuya ngokuchasene nobumfihlo babanye abasebenzisi. Ke ngoko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise le ndlela kuphela ngeenjongo ezisemthethweni nezisesikweni, ezinjengokubuyisela isitshixo senethiwekhi yeWiFi yakho ukuba uyalibala.
8. Ukusebenzisa isoftware ekhethekileyo ukuqhekeza amagama ayimfihlo eWiFi
Kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zesoftware ezinokukunceda uguqule amagama ayimfihlo eWiFi. Ezi zixhobo ziluncedo xa ufuna ukufikelela kwinethiwekhi engenazingcingo kwaye awukwazi ukufikelela kwi-password. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukukrazula amagama ayimfihlo eWiFi ngaphandle kogunyaziso akukho mthethweni kwaye kunokuba neziphumo ezibi zomthetho.. Nangona kunjalo, ezi nkqubo zisenokusetyenziswa ukubuyisela amagama agqithisiweyo alityelweyo okanye uqinisekise ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yakho.
Enye yezona software zidumileyo I-Aircrack-ng, eyisuite yezixhobo zokhuseleko ezingenazingcingo ezifumaneka kumaqonga ahlukeneyo. Nge-Aircrack-ng, unokubamba iipakethi kwinethiwekhi ye-WiFi kwaye usebenzise ubuchule bokunyanzela ukuba baqhekeze igama eligqithisiweyo. Le nkqubo idinga ulwazi oluncinci lobugcisa kwaye inokuthatha ixesha elide kuxhomekeke kubunzima begama lokugqitha.
Enye isoftware ecetyiswayo yile I-WiFi Password Decryptor, esisisixhobo esilula kodwa esisebenzayo sokubuyisa amagama agqithisiweyo eWiFi agcinwe kwikhompyuter yakho. Esi sixhobo sifumana kwakhona amagama agqithisiweyo agcinwe kwinkqubo yakho kwaye ibonise ulwazi kujongano olulula ukulisebenzisa. Ungasebenzisa esi sixhobo ukuba ulibele igama eligqithisiweyo lenethiwekhi yeWiFi kwaye wawuyigcinile ngaphambili kwisixhobo sakho.
9. Izixhobo eziphucukileyo kunye nobuchule bokufumana isitshixo sakho seWiFi
Kweli candelo, siza kuphonononga ezinye izixhobo eziphambili kunye nobuchule ezinokuba luncedo ukubuyisela isitshixo sakho WiFi. Khumbula ukuba kubalulekile ukuba ube nemvume evela kumnini wenethiwekhi ukwenza ezi zenzo kwaye, akukho meko, kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngeenjongo ezinobungozi.
Nazi ezinye iinketho onokuziqwalasela:
- Sebenzisa izixhobo zophicotho lwenethiwekhi ye-WiFi: Kukho izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngeAircrack-ng okanye iFern Wifi Cracker, ekuvumela ukuba uhlalutye imiqondiso yothungelwano lweWiFi ekufutshane kwaye uguqule izitshixo zabo. Ezi zixhobo zihlala zisebenzisa ubuchule be-brute force okanye uhlaselo lwesichazi-magama ukufumana isitshixo.
- Sebenzisa uhlaselo lokuqinisekisa kwakhona: Ezinye izixhobo ezinje ngeWifiphisher okanye iFluxion zithatha ithuba lokuba sesichengeni kwiiprothokholi zokhuseleko zeWiFi ukuqhatha izixhobo eziqhagamshelweyo kunye nokufumana iziqinisekiso zazo. Olu hlaselo lunokufuna izakhono zobugcisa eziphucukileyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuphanda nokuqonda indlela ezisebenza ngayo phambi kokuba uzisebenzise.
- Cinga ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezithile: Enye indlela kukusebenzisa izixhobo ezifana nePinapple, ezenza inethiwekhi ye-WiFi ethembekileyo ukutsala izixhobo nokufumana izitshixo zazo zokhuseleko. Ezi zixhobo zidla ngokuba zibiza kakhulu kwaye zifuna ulwazi lobugcisa obukhulu ukuze kulungiswe kwaye kusetyenziswe.
Khumbula ukuba ezi zixhobo kunye nobuchule zijoliswe ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokusesikweni nangokuthembekileyo. Ukufumana isitshixo kwinethiwekhi ye-WiFi ngaphandle kwemvume kunokuthathwa njengolwaphulo-mthetho. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela umthetho wangoku kwaye uhlale ucela imvume kumnini wenethiwekhi ngaphambi kokuthatha nayiphi na into.
10. Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yakho engenazingcingo emva kokufumana isitshixo
Wakuba ufumene isitshixo senethiwekhi yakho engenazingcingo, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwayo. Nanga amanye amanyathelo kunye nezindululo zokukhusela inethiwekhi yakho kunye nokuthintela ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga:
- Guqula igama lakho lenethiwekhi (SSID): Igama elihlala likhona lenethiwekhi yakho linokuchongwa ngokulula ngabagezeli. Guqula i-SSID ibe yeyodwa, eyesiko ukwenza nzima iinzame zokufikelela ngaphandle kwemvume.
- Yenza uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo lwe-WPA2 okanye lwe-WPA3: I-WPA2 (okanye i-WPA3, ukuba ikhona) uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo lunikeza umaleko owongezelelweyo wokhuseleko kuthungelwano lwakho. Qinisekisa ukuba uyayimisa kwaye usebenzise igama eliyimfihlo elinamandla ukukhusela idatha yakho.
- Hlaziya i-firmware ye-router yakho rhoqo: Abavelisi bakhupha uhlaziyo rhoqo ukulungisa ubuthathaka bokhuseleko. Gcina i-firmware yakho ihlaziywa ukuze uzikhusele kwizoyikiso zamva nje.
- Vumela ukuhluzwa kwedilesi ye-MAC: Ukuhluza idilesi ye-MAC kukuvumela ukuba ulawule ukuba zeziphi izixhobo ezinokuqhagamshela kwinethiwekhi yakho. Yongeza iidilesi ze-MAC ze izixhobo zakho olugunyazisiweyo kwaye luvalela ukufikelela kwabo bangaziwayo.
- Khubaza i-WPS: Umiselo oluKhuselweyo lwe-Wi-Fi (WPS) lunokuba sesichengeni kuthungelwano lwakho. Khubaza olu phawu ukuba awuyisebenzisi ukunqanda iingozi zokhuseleko ezinokubakho.
La manyathelo aya kukunceda womeleze ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yakho engenazingcingo kwaye ukhusele iinkcukacha zakho zobuqu. Khumbula ukuba ukugcina inethiwekhi yakho ikhuselekile kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ubumfihlo kwaye uthintele ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga kwizixhobo zakho kunye nedatha.
11. Yintoni omawuyenze xa ungasifumani isitshixo sakho seWiFi?
Ukuba awukwazi ukufumana isitshixo kwinethiwekhi yakho WiFi, ungakhathazeki, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokusombulula le ngxaki. Nanga amanye amanyathelo onokuwalandela ukubuyisela isitshixo sakho senethiwekhi yeWiFi:
- Jonga irutha: Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuba ukhangela isitshixo esifanelekileyo kwirutha elungileyo. Unokuba neenethiwekhi ezininzi ze-WiFi kwikhaya lakho okanye emsebenzini, ke qiniseka ukuba ujonge i-router echanekileyo.
- Jonga irutha: Khangela ileyibhile okanye isincamathelisi kwirutha esibonisa iqhosha lenethiwekhi. Rhoqo, ababoneleli ngenkonzo ye-Intanethi babandakanya isitshixo esingagqibekanga kwi-router ngokwayo.
- Hlela kwakhona izicwangciso ze-router: Ukuba awukwazi ukufumana isitshixo naphi na, unokuseta kwakhona izicwangciso ze-router kwizicwangciso zefektri. Oku kuya kucima naziphi na izicwangciso zesiko ozenzileyo kwi-router, kodwa iya kubuyisela isitshixo esingagqibekanga. Qhagamshelana ne-router manual okanye i iwebhusayithi kumvelisi imiyalelo ethile malunga nendlela yokuseta kwakhona umzila.
Kwimeko ukuseta kwakhona ayikho inketho, ungazama ukufikelela useto router ngokusebenzisa isiphequluli sakho sewebhu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, unokwenza oku ngokungenisa idilesi ye-IP ye-router kwibar yedilesi yesikhangeli. Nje ukuba ufikelele kwisethingi ye-router, jonga ukhuseleko okanye icandelo lenethiwekhi engenazingcingo ukuze ufumane isitshixo.
Ungalibali ukutshintsha isitshixo esingagqibekanga kwisitshixo esitsha esikhuselekileyo wakuba ufumene ukufikelela kwakhona kwinethiwekhi yakho yeWiFi. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ubumfihlo kunye nokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yakho engenazingcingo ngokuchasene nezoyikiso ezinokubakho.
12. Ukugcina kunye nokuhlaziya ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yakho ye-WiFi
Ukugcina kunye nokuhlaziya ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yakho yeWiFi kubalulekile ekukhuseleni idatha yakho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ngabantu abagunyazisiweyo kuphela abanokufikelela kuyo. Apha sibonisa ezinye iingcebiso kunye nemilinganiselo onokuthi uyithathe ukukhusela inethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya.
1. Guqula igama lokugqitha lenethiwekhi yakho yeWiFi rhoqo: Oku kuya kuthintela abantu abangagunyaziswanga ukuba bafikelele kwinethiwekhi yakho. Sebenzisa igama eliyimfihlo elinamandla, ukuxuba oonobumba abakhulu nabancinane, amanani kunye noonobumba abakhethekileyo. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo afana negama lakho okanye umhla wokuzalwa.
2. Hlaziya i-firmware ye-router yakho: Abavelisi be-router ngamaxesha athile bakhupha uhlaziyo lwe-firmware ukujongana nobuthathaka bokhuseleko. Qinisekisa ukuba uhlala usexesheni ngolu hlaziyo ngokufaka inguqulelo yamva nje ye-firmware yerouter yakho. Unokufumana i-firmware kwiwebhusayithi yomenzi kwaye ulandele imiyalelo ukuyihlaziya ngokuchanekileyo.
13. Ukuthintela njani abanye ekufikeleleni isitshixo sakho seWiFi
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu wumbi unokufikelela kwisitshixo sakho seWiFi, kukho amanyathelo ambalwa onokuthi uwathathe.
1. Guqula igama lokugqitha lenethiwekhi yakho yeWiFi ngamaxesha athile: Kuyacetyiswa ukuba utshintshe ipaswedi yakho yenethiwekhi yeWiFi ubuncinane qho kwiinyanga ezintathu. Ukwenza oku, yiya kuseto lwerouter yakho ngokusebenzisa isikhangeli sakho sewebhu kwaye ujonge ukhetho lokutshintsha igama eligqithisiweyo.
2. Sebenzisa i-password eyomeleleyo: Qinisekisa ukuba i-password yakho entsha yomelele ngokwaneleyo kangangokuba ayinakuthelekelela ngokulula. Kufuneka iqulathe indibaniselwano yoonobumba abakhulu nabancinci, amanani, kunye namagama akhethekileyo. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqhelekileyo okanye ekulula ukuwaqikelela, njengegama lakho okanye umhla wokuzalwa.
14. Izigqibo kunye neengcebiso zokukhusela inethiwekhi yakho engenazingcingo
Ngamafutshane, ukukhusela inethiwekhi yakho engenazingcingo kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukhuseleko lwezixhobo zakho kunye neenkcukacha ozithumelayo. Kulo lonke eli nqaku, sibonise iingcebiso ezahlukeneyo eziza kukunceda ukomeleze ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi yakho ngempumelelo kwaye kulula.
Okokuqala, ukutshintsha igama lenethiwekhi yakho kunye negama lokugqitha elisisiseko ngumlinganiselo osisiseko kodwa obalulekileyo. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-password eyomeleleyo edibanisa iileta, amanani, kunye nabalinganiswa abakhethekileyo. Khumbula ukuba ungabelani ngayo nabantu abangagunyaziswanga kwaye uyitshintshe ngamaxesha athile.
Enye ingcebiso ebalulekileyo kukuvumela ukuqinisekiswa kwenethiwekhi, njenge-protocol ye-WPA2, enika umgangatho ophezulu wokhuseleko xa kuthelekiswa ne-WEP yakudala. Ukongeza, ukugcina i-router yakho ihlaziywa nge-firmware yamva nje kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba nabuphi na ubuthathaka obunokubakho bulungisiwe.
Ngamafutshane, ukwazi igama lokugqitha lakho leWi-Fi kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise uqhagamshelo olukhuselekileyo nolukhuselekileyo ekhayeni lakho okanye kwiofisi yakho. Kulo lonke eli nqaku, sihlolisise iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo eziza kukuvumela ukuba ufumane igama lokugqitha lenethiwekhi engenazingcingo.
Ukusuka ekufikeleleni kwiphaneli yolawulo ye-router ukuya ekusebenziseni usetyenziso lomntu wesithathu, kukho iindlela ezininzi ezikhoyo zokufumana iqhosha le-Wi-Fi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga kwiinethiwekhi ze-Wi-Fi akuvumelekanga ngumthetho kwaye kunokuba nemiphumo yomthetho.
Soloko uqinisekisa ukuba unemvume kumnini wenethiwekhi phambi kokuba uzame ukufumana igama lokugqitha le-Wi-Fi. Ukongeza, sicebisa ukuba usebenzise iindlela ezilungileyo zokhuseleko, ezinjengokutshintsha rhoqo igama lokugqitha kunye nokusebenzisa useto oluntsonkothileyo olukwizinga eliphezulu ukukhusela inethiwekhi yakho.
Khumbula ukuba ubumfihlo kunye nokhuseleko zibalulekile kubomi bethu bedijithali. Ukugcina intembeko yenethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi luxanduva ekwabelwana ngalo ekufuneka siluthathe sonke. Ngokulandela iingcebiso kunye nezikhokelo ezinikiweyo, uya kukwazi ukwazi igama lokugqitha leWi-Fi yakho ngendlela eneenqobo ezisesikweni nekhuselekileyo.
Siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku libe luncedo ukusombulula imibuzo yakho malunga nendlela yokwazi igama lokugqitha leWi-Fi yakho! Zive ukhululekile ukwabelana ngolu lwazi nabahlobo bakho kunye nosapho ukuze nabo baphucule ukhuseleko lweenethiwekhi zabo ezingenazingcingo.
NdinguSebastián Vidal, injineli yekhompyuter ethanda itekhnoloji kunye ne-DIY. Ngaphaya koko, ndingumdali we tecnobits.com, apho ndabelana ngee-tutorials ukwenza itekhnoloji ifikeleleke kwaye iqondeke kumntu wonke.