Ungazi njani ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa

Uhlaziyo lokugqibela: 30/08/2023
Umbhali: USebastian Vidal

Emhlabeni Kwimeko yetekhnoloji yanamhlanje, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zifumene ukuthandwa ngenxa yobuchule bazo bokusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa isidingo sokulahla iibhetri ezingaphinde zitshajwe kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ekuqalekeni, kunokuba nzima ukwahlula ibhetri ehlaziywayo kuleyo ilahlwayo. Kule nqaku, siza kuhlolisisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye neempawu eziza kusivumela ukuba sazi ukuba ibhetri iyahlawuleka ngokwenene, ngaloo ndlela inikezela ngolwazi lobugcisa ukukhetha ngokufanelekileyo nokusebenzisa olu hlobo lwebhetri.

1. Ziziphi iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwaye zisebenza njani?

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona lukhetho oluhlala ixesha elide noluzinzileyo xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri eziqhelekileyo ezilahlwayo. Ezi bhetri ziyilelwe ukuba zitshajwe kanye kwaye kwakhona, nto leyo ebenza babe noqoqosho ngakumbi kunye nokusingqongileyo. okusingqongileyo. Zisebenza ngendlela efanayo kwiibhetri ezilahlwayo, kodwa umahluko ukuba zinokutshajwa kwakhona kusetyenziswa itshaja ethile.

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zenziwe ngeeseli ezizimeleyo ezinemichiza ekwaziyo ukugcina amandla ombane. Ezi zinto ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwebhetri, kwaye inokuba yi-nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH), nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) okanye i-lithium ion (Li-ion). Iseli nganye ine-electrode engalunganga (i-anode) kunye ne-electrode efanelekileyo (i-cathode), ehlulwe yi-electrolyte kwaye ifakwe kwisitya esingangeni moya esithintela ukuvuza kunye nokuchitheka.

Inkqubo yokuhlaziya iibhetri iquka ukubonelela ngombane ngokuphambeneyo nokuhamba kwamandla xa zikhutshwa. Ukwenza oku kubuyisela umva ukusabela kweekhemikhali okwenzeka ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwebhetri kwaye kubuyisele amandla okugcina amandla ee-electrode. Ukutshaja kwakhona, kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa iibhetri kwitshaja efanelekileyo ebonelela ngokufanelekileyo ngoku kunye ne-voltage. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iitshaja zibonisa xa iibhetri zihlawuliswe ngokupheleleyo kusetyenziswa izibane ze-LED okanye izikhombisi ezibonakalayo.

2. Umahluko phakathi kweebhetri ezinokutshajwa kunye neebhetri zealkaline

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kunye neebhetri zealkaline ziintlobo ezimbini zeebhetri eziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizixhobo zombane kunye nezixhobo eziphathwayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwabo.

1. Umthamo kunye nobude bexesha: Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinomthamo omkhulu wokugcina amandla kuneebhetri zealkaline. Oku kuthetha ukuba iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinokubonelela ngobomi obude bebhetri kwaye zivumele ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide phambi kokuba zitshajwe kwakhona. Kwelinye icala, iibhetri zealkaline zinomthamo olinganiselweyo kwaye xa sele ziphelile, kufuneka zitshintshwe.

2. Ixabiso lexesha elide: Nangona iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinokubiza kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nebhetri enye yealkaline, ziyonga kakhulu ekuhambeni kwexesha. Oku kungenxa yokuba iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinokusetyenziswa amatyeli amaninzi kwaye zifuna kuphela itshaja ukuba iphinde itshajwe, ngelixa iibhetri zealkaline kufuneka zitshintshwe qho xa ziphela.

3. Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo: Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinobubele kwimo engqongileyo kuneebhetri zealkaline. Oku kungenxa yokuba iibhetri zealkaline zinezinto eziyityhefu ezifana nemekyuri, ilothe kunye necadmium, ezinokuba yingozi xa zilahlwa ngendlela engafanelekanga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iibhetri ezinokutsha kwakhona zenzelwe ukutshajwa kwaye zisetyenziswe kwakhona, ukunciphisa ubuninzi benkunkuma.

Isishwankathelo, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kunye neebhetri ze-alkaline zinomehluko omkhulu ngokubhekiselele kumthamo, ubomi, iindleko zexesha elide, kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo. Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ziyindlela elula kwaye ezinzileyo, njengoko zinika ubomi obude, zinokuphinda zitshajwe ngamaxesha amaninzi kwaye zinempembelelo encinci kwindalo. Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri ze-alkaline zisenendawo yazo kwiimeko apho ukutshaja kungenakwenzeka okanye kukulungele.

3. Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kwimarike

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ezikhoyo kwimarike. Ezi bhetri zezona ndlela zibalaseleyo kwiibhetri ezilahlwayo, njengoko zinokutshajwa kwakhona kwaye ziphinde zisetyenziswe amatyeli aliqela, nto leyo ezenza zibe noqoqosho ngakumbi kwaye zikhuseleke ngakumbi kokusingqongileyo.

1. Iibhetri ze-nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd): Ezi bhetri zixhaphake kakhulu kwaye zisetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo zombane, ezinjengeekhamera zedijithali, izinto zokudlala kunye nezixhobo eziphathwayo. Ziyaziwa ngomthamo wazo ophezulu kunye nokuchasana nokugqithiswa. Nangona kunjalo, into engalunganga yeebhetri ze-Ni-Cd kukuba zinokuchaphazeleka "kwisiphumo sememori", okuthetha ukuba kufuneka zikhutshwe ngokupheleleyo phambi kokuba zitshajwe kwakhona ukunqanda ukuhla kwamandla azo.

2. Iibhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride (NiMH): Iibhetri ze-NiMH zifana neebhetri ze-Ni-Cd ngokumalunga nomthamo kunye nezicelo, kodwa azikhathazeki "kwimpembelelo yememori." Oku kuthetha ukuba zinokutshajwa kwakhona nangaliphi na ixesha ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuzikhupha ngokupheleleyo kuqala. Iibhetri ze-NiMH zilungele izixhobo ezifuna isixa esikhulu samandla, njengeekhamera zevidiyo kunye nemidlalo yevidiyo.

3. Iibhetri ze-Lithium ion (Li-ion): Ezi bhetri ziyaziwa ngobunzima bazo obukhanyayo, umthamo ophezulu, kunye nezinga eliphantsi lokuzikhupha. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zombane zanamhlanje ezifana neeselfowuni, iitafile kunye neelaptops. Iibhetri ze-Li-ion zikhuselekile kakhulu kwaye azihlupheki "kwimpembelelo yememori". Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba bafuna isiphaluka sokukhusela ukukhusela ukugqithisa okanye ukukhupha, oku kunokubangela umonakalo kwibhetri.

Ngamafutshane, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona lolona khetho lubalaseleyo ekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo nangendalo kwezixhobo zethu zombane. Ezi ziquka i-nickel-cadmium, i-nickel-metal hydride kunye ne-lithium ion. Uhlobo ngalunye luneempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nezicelo, ngoko kubalulekile ukukhetha okulungileyo ngokweemfuno kunye neemfuno zesixhobo esichaphazelekayo. Ngeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, singonwabela ilizwe elizinzileyo kwaye songe imali ekuhambeni kwexesha!

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4. Iimpawu kunye neenkcukacha zeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ziyindlela yoqoqosho kunye ne-ikholoji ukunika amandla izixhobo zombane. Ezi bhetri ziyilelwe ukuba zitshajwe kwakhona kwaye zisetyenziswe amaxesha amaninzi, nto leyo ezenza ibe yindlela ezinzileyo kwiibhetri ezilahlwayo. Ngezantsi zizinto eziqhelekileyo kwiimarike.

Umthamo: Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa zikholisa ukuba nomthamo ophezulu kuneebhetri ezilahlwayo, okuthetha ukuba zinokubonelela ngamandla ixesha elide. Ngokubanzi, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinomthamo ophakathi kwe-1000 mAh kunye ne-5000 mAh, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nophawu. Kubalulekile ukuthathela ingqalelo umthamo webhetri xa ukhetha eyona ifanelekileyo ukuba isixhobo sinikwe amandla.

Ixesha lokutshaja: Ixesha lokutshaja kweebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumthamo wazo kunye nohlobo lwetshaja esetyenzisiweyo. Ngokubanzi, ixesha lokutshaja lingasuka kwiiyure ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezininzi. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise itshaja ethile kwiibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwaye ungashiyi iibhetri zitshaja ixesha elide kakhulu, njengoko oku kunokuchaphazela ubomi babo obuluncedo. Ezinye iitshaja zide zinikeze ithuba lokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, ezivumela iibhetri ukuba zitshajwe ngexesha elifutshane.

5. Iindlela zokuchonga ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa

Ukuchonga ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa kwakhona, kukho iindlela ezininzi ezinokusetyenziswa. Ngezantsi lukhetho olunokuba luncedo:

1. Funda ileyibhile: Eyona ndlela ilula yokubona ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa kwakhona kukufunda ileyibhile yemveliso. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa kwakhona, oku kuya kuchazwa ngokucacileyo kwileyibhile. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ileyibhile inokubhida okanye ibhalwe ngolunye ulwimi. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyaluqonda ulwazi olunikwe kwileyibhile.

2. Hlola inkangeleko: Iibhetri eziphinda zitshajwe zihlala zibonakala zahlukile kuneebhetri ezingatshajwayo. Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa zikholisa ukuba nkulu kancinane kwaye zinzima kuneebhetri ezilahlwayo. Ukongeza, ezinye iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinokuba neplastiki okanye i-casing yentsimbi endaweni yephepha eliqhelekileyo okanye ukusonga kwekhadibhodi efunyenwe kwiibhetri ezilahlwayo. Lo mahluko obonakalayo unokunceda ukuchonga ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa okanye hayi.

3. Qhagamshelana nencwadana yemigaqo yomenzi: Ukuba usenamathandabuzo malunga nokuba ibhetri iyaphinda itshajwe, eyona ndlela ibalaseleyo kukudibana nencwadana yemigaqo yomenzi. Le ncwadana idla ngokunikezela ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nohlobo lwebhetri nokuba iyatshajwa okanye hayi. Ukongeza, le ncwadana inokuquka imiyalelo yokutshaja ibhetri ngendlela eyiyo kunye nobomi obulindelekileyo bebhetri. Incwadana yomenzi ngumthombo othembekileyo kunye nosemthethweni wolwazi malunga nemveliso, ngoko ihlala ilungile ukudibana nalo mthombo.

6. Zeziphi izinto ezenziwe ngazo iibhetri ezinokutshajwa?

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina kwazo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Enye yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo yi-nickel-metal hydride (NiMH). Olu hlobo lweseli lusebenzisa i-nickel hydroxide electrode kunye ne-anode yesinyithi equlethe i-hydrogen efunliweyo. Iibhetri ze-NiMH zithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokugcinwa kwazo okuphezulu kunye nefuthe eliphantsi lokusingqongileyo.

Enye into eqhelekileyo kwiibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona yi-lithium, ekhoyo kwiibhetri ze-lithium ion (Li-ion). Ezi bhetri zibonakaliswe ngokuba noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwamandla, oko kuthetha ukuba banokugcina umthamo omkhulu wamandla kwindawo encinci. Iibhetri zeLithium ion zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimveliso zombane eziphathwayo ezifana neeselfowuni, iilaptops kunye neekhamera.

Ukongezelela, kukho iibhetri ezihlawulelwayo ezenziwe nge-nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nangona ukusetyenziswa kwazo kuncitshiswe kwiminyaka yamuva ngenxa yomxholo we-cadmium, isinyithi esinobuthi. Nangona kunjalo, ezi bhetri zisasetyenziswa kwizicelo ezithile ezifana nezixhobo eziphuthumayo kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba, ekusebenzeni okuchanekileyo kunye nobomi obude obuluncedo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise iitshaja ezithile kuhlobo ngalunye lwebhetri egcwalisekayo.

7. Wazi njani ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa kwakhona ngaphandle kweleyibhile?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuchonga ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa kwakhona ngaphandle kweleyibhile. Okulandelayo, siza kubonisa ezinye iindlela ukuze ukwazi ukuzibona ngokulula:

1. Imbonakalo yomzimba: Ezinye iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zikhangeleka zahlukile kuneebhetri ezingahlaziyo. Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa ziyafana ngokumila kunye nobukhulu kwiibhetri ze-AA okanye ze-AAA, kodwa zihlala zinesalathiso sokuba ziyatshajwa ngaphezulu kwebhetri.

2. Amanqaku okanye imibhalo kwimfumba: Ezinye iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zineempawu okanye imibhalo ebonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ziyatshajwa kwakhona. Ungajonga amagama afana no-"rechargeable", "rechargeable", "NiMH" okanye "Ni-Cd" kwibhetri ukufumanisa ukuba iyatshajeka na.

3. Ukusebenzisa umvavanyi webhetri: Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa okanye hayi, ungasebenzisa isivavanyi sebhetri. Esi sixhobo siya kukuxelela ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa okanye hayi, kwaye iya kukubonisa inqanaba lokutshaja ibhetri langoku.

8. Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe phambi kokukhetha iibhetri ezinokutshajwa

Iibhetri ezitshajwayo lukhetho lwe-ikholoji kunye noqoqosho lwe izixhobo ezahlukeneyo izinto zombane. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi kokukhetha iibhetri ezifanelekileyo ezitshajekayo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela izinto ezithile ukuze uqinisekise ukuba ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zakho kwaye zibonelele ngokusebenza kakuhle. Apha ngezantsi kukho imiba ephambili ekufuneka uyiqwalasele ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo:

1. Umthamo webhetri: Enye yezona ngqwalasela zibalulekileyo kumthamo weebhetri ezitshajekayo. Umthamo ulinganiswa nge-mAh (milliamperes ngeyure), kwaye umisela ukuba angakanani amandla anokuthi agcinwe iibhetri. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe iibhetri ezinomthamo ophezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze izixhobo zakho. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba ukuphakama komthamo, ixesha elide lokusebenza liya kuba phakathi kwee-recharges.

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2. Uhlobo Lwebhetri: Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, ezifana neebhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) kunye neebhetri ze-lithium-ion (Li-ion). Uhlobo ngalunye lunolwalo iingenelo kunye nokungalungi. Iibhetri ze-NiMH zilungele izixhobo zamandla aphantsi, ngelixa iibhetri ze-Li-ion zibonelela ngamandla aphezulu kwaye zifaneleke ngakumbi izixhobo. ukwenza okuphezulu. Qwalasela uhlobo lwesixhobo oza kusisebenzisa kwaye ukhethe uhlobo lwebhetri olulungele iimfuno zakho.

3. Ubomi obuluncedo: Ubomi beebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona yinto ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe. Ubomi benkonzo bubhekiselele kwinani lentlawulo kunye nemijikelo yokukhupha ibhetri enokumelana nayo ngaphambi kokuba umthamo wayo uthobe kakhulu. Xa ukhetha iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, khangela ixesha lokuphila eliboniswe ngumenzi. Khetha iibhetri ezinobomi obude ukunciphisa imfuno yokutshintshwa rhoqo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukonga ixesha elide.

Ukuthathela ingqalelo ezi zinto phambi kokuba ukhethe iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kuya kukunceda wenze isigqibo esinolwazi kwaye ufumane okuninzi kwizixhobo zakho zombane. Khumbula ukuphonononga iinkcukacha zobugcisa beebhetri kwaye uqwalasele iimfuno zakho zamandla ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhetha iibhetri ezifanelekileyo. Ngomgangatho weebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, unokugcina imali kwaye unciphise impembelelo yakho yokusingqongileyo ngokuphepha ukuthengwa rhoqo kunye nokulahla iibhetri ezilahlayo. Thatha ithuba loncedo lweebhetri ezinokutshajwa!

9. Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo kwiibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zineengenelo ezininzi xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ezilahlwayo. Okokuqala, zinciphisa kakhulu iindleko zexesha elide njengoko zinokutshajwa kwaye ziphinde zisetyenziswe. mamaxesha amaninzi. Oku kukhokelela kugcino olukhulu, ngakumbi kwizixhobo ezihlala zifuna iibhetri, ezinje ngolawulo olukude okanye iiwotshi.

Enye inzuzo yeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona yimpembelelo yazo encitshisiweyo yokusingqongileyo. Xa uzisebenzisa, inkunkuma encinci yenziwa xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ezilahlwayo, ekubeni ukulahlwa rhoqo kuyaphetshwa kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kuyakhuthazwa. Oku kunceda ukugcina ubutyebi bendalo kunye nokunciphisa ungcoliseko.

Nangona kunjalo, kukwakho nezinye izinto ezingeloncedo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Okokuqala, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa zidla ngokubiza ngaphezulu kuneebhetri ezilahlwayo ngexesha lokuthenga okokuqala, njengoko kufuneka utyalo-mali olongezelelweyo kwitshaja. Ukongezelela, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinobomi obulinganiselweyo;

Isishwankathelo, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ezinjengokonga ixesha elide kunye nokuncipha kwempembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukwabalulekile ukuqwalasela ukungalungi okunxulumene noko, okufana neendleko eziphezulu kunye nobomi bebhetri obunyiniweyo. Ngokubanzi, ukhetho lwakho luya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zomntu ngamnye kunye nokukhethwa komntu ngamnye.

  • Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kwaye ziphinde zisetyenziswe amaxesha amaninzi.
  • Oku kwenza ukonga okubalulekileyo kwixesha elide.
  • Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kweebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo ngokuvelisa inkunkuma encinci.

10. Ukhathalelo kunye nokugcinwa kweebhetri ezitshajekayo

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona lukhetho lwezoqoqosho kunye nendalo engqongileyo ukunika amandla izixhobo zethu zombane. Nangona kunjalo, bafuna ukunakekelwa okukhethekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokuqina. Kweli candelo, sikunika iingcebiso kunye nezikhokelo zokukhathalela nokugcina iibhetri zakho ezitshajekayo.

1. Umthwalo ofanelekileyo: Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa itshaja ethile kwiibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwaye ulandele imiyalelo yomenzi ngamaxesha okutshaja. Kuphephe ukutshaja kakhulu okanye ukukhupha iibhetri ngokupheleleyo, njengoko oku kunokunciphisa ubomi babo. Fumana ibhalansi efanelekileyo kwaye ugweme ukusetyenziswa kakubi.

2. Indawo yokugcina efanelekileyo: Ukuba awuyi kusebenzisa iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ixesha elide, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uzigcine kwindawo epholileyo neyomileyo. Kuphephe ukuzishiya zisesichengeni sobushushu okanye ukufuma okugqithisileyo, njengoko oku kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwazo kunye nomthamo wazo wokutshaja.

3. Ukucoca rhoqo: Gcina iibhetri zakho ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zicocekile kwaye zingenabumdaka okanye umhlwa. Sebenzisa ilaphu elithambileyo, elomileyo ukucoca ibhetri nezinto ezidibanisa netshaja. Ukuba ufumanisa ukubola, sebenzisa ngobunono ibrashi yamazinyo endala eneviniga encinci ukucoca abafowunelwa.

11. Uzitshaja njani ngokufanelekileyo iibhetri ezinokutshajwa

Ukutshaja ngokufanelekileyo iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, kubalulekile ukulandela ezinye amanyathelo aphambili. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhetha itshaja elungele uhlobo lwebhetri eza kutshajwa. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeshaja kwiimarike, ezinye zenzelwe ngokukodwa i-nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) okanye i-lithium-ion (Li-ion) iibhetri, phakathi kwabanye. Kubalulekile ukufunda iinkcukacha zetshaja kwaye uqinisekise ukuba iyahambelana nohlobo lwebhetri eza kutshajwa.

Enye ingongoma ebalulekileyo kukukhangela ukuba iibhetri zikhutshwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuqala inkqubo yokutshaja. Kwiimeko ezininzi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhuphe ngokupheleleyo amandla ebhetri ukuze ukwandise ubomi bawo. Qinisekisa ukuba iibhetri zikhutshwe ngokupheleleyo phambi kokuba uzifake kwitshaja.

Ingcebiso eluncedo kakhulu kukutshaja iibhetri kwindawo epholileyo, nengena umoya, ukuthintela amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anokuzonzakalisa. Ngaphezu koko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ungahlawulisi kakhulu iibhetri, njengoko oku kunokuchaphazela nokusebenza kwazo kunye nomthamo wokutshaja kwexesha elide. Ezinye iitshaja zala maxesha zineempawu ezithintela ukutshaja, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uphaphe kwaye ukhuphe iibhetri kwitshaja xa sele zitshajwe ngokupheleleyo.

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12. Ihlala ixesha elingakanani ibhetri egcwalisekayo?

Ubomi bebhetri egcwalisekayo bunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Ngokubanzi, ezi bhetri ziyilelwe ukunika ubomi obude kuneebhetri ezilahlwayo. Nangona kunjalo, njengawo nawuphi na umthombo wamandla, umthamo wawo wokubamba intlawulo uya kuncipha ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye nokusetyenziswa rhoqo. Ezinye iimodeli zebhetri ezinokuphinda zitshajwe zinokuhlala phakathi kwe-500 kunye ne-1000 ye-charge cycle, ngelixa ezinye zinokuhlala ngaphezu kwe-2000 cycles.

Ukwandisa ubomi bebhetri egcwalisekayo, kubalulekile ukulandela izikhokelo ezithile. Okokuqala, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise itshaja eyenzelwe ngokukodwa olo hlobo lwebhetri. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukutshaja okufanelekileyo kwaye kuthintele umonakalo kwibhetri. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba ungahlawulisi ibhetri, njengoko oku kunokuchaphazela kakubi ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokuphila kwayo. Ngaphaya koko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uphephe ukukhupha ngokupheleleyo ibhetri ngaphambi kokuba uyitshaje, njengoko oku kungonakalisa kwaye kunciphise umthamo wayo.

Ezinye iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo zokwandisa ubomi bebhetri egcwalisekayo ziquka ukuyigcina kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo xa ingasetyenziswa, ukuphepha ukuchanabeka kumaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo, kunye nokungaxubi iibhetri ezintsha nezindala kwisixhobo esinye. Ukuba ibhetri egcwalisekayo iqala ukubonisa iimpawu zokuhla, ezifana nokuncipha kwamandla okanye ubomi obufutshane, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyitshintshe ukuze ufumane ibhetri. ukusebenza okuphuculweyo. Ngalo lonke ixesha khumbula ukulandela imiyalelo yomenzi wokhathalelo oluphezulu kunye nokugcinwa kweebhetri zakho ezitshajekayo.

13. Ukurisayikilishwa kunye nokulahlwa ngokufanelekileyo kweebhetri ezitshajekayo

Ukurisayikilisha nokulahla ngokufanelekileyo iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela okusingqongileyo nokuthintela ungcoliseko. Ezi bhetri ziqulethe izinto eziyityhefu ezifana ne-mercury, ilothe kunye ne-cadmium, ngoko ke ukuphatha kakuhle kwazo kubalulekile. Ngezantsi kukho amanyathelo amathathu angundoqo okuphumeza le nkqubo ngokufanelekileyo:

Inyathelo lesi-1: Chonga uhlobo lwebhetri egcwalisekayo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhetri ezihlaziywayo, ezifana ne-nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd), i-nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH), i-lithium-ion (i-Li-ion) kunye ne-lithium polymer (Li-Po). Kubalulekile ukwazi uhlobo oluthile lwebhetri ofuna ukulisebenzisa ngokutsha ukuze uthathe amanyathelo achanekileyo. Ukubonisana namaxwebhu omenzi okanye ukujonga ileyibhile yebhetri kunokunika olu lwazi.

Inyathelo lesi-2: Khangela iindawo ezigunyazisiweyo zokurisayikilishwa. Nje ukuba uhlobo lwebhetri luchongiwe, kuyafuneka ukufumana iziko eligunyazisiweyo lokurisayikilisha elamkela olo hlobo lwebhetri. Abavelisi abaninzi kunye nabathengisi banikezela ngeenkqubo zokuqokelelwa kunye nokuhlaziya iibhetri eziphinda zitshajwe. Unokufumana kwakhona iindawo zokuqokelela kwiivenkile ze-elektroniki, iivenkile ezinkulu kunye namaziko eenkonzo zoluntu.

Inyathelo lesi-3: Lungiselela iibhetri ukuze zisetyenziswe kwakhona. Phambi kokuthatha iibhetri ukuya kwindawo yokurisayikilisha, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko. Okokuqala, iitheminali zebhetri kufuneka zikhuselwe ukunqanda iisekethe ezimfutshane. Oku Ingenziwa ngokubeka i-tape yokubambelela kwiiphelo zeebhetri okanye usebenzisa izikhuseli ezikhethekileyo ezikhoyo kwiimarike. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ugcine iibhetri kwisitya esomeleleyo kwaye ungaxubi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhetri.

14. Iingcebiso zokwandisa ubomi beebhetri ezitshajekayo

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zilukhetho oluzinzileyo nolunoqoqosho xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ezilahlwayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqinisekisa ubomi obude bezi bhetri, kubalulekile ukulandela iingcebiso ezisebenzayo. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokwandisa ubomi beebhetri zakho ezinokutshajwa kwakhona:

1. Khetha itshaja eyiyo: Soloko usebenzisa itshaja eyenzelwe ngokukodwa uhlobo lwebhetri egcwalisekayo oyisebenzisayo. Uhlobo ngalunye lwebhetri lufuna amandla akhoyo kunye nombane ngexesha lokutshaja, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa itshaja echanekileyo ukunqanda umonakalo kwiibhetri.

2. Intlawulo epheleleyo kunye nokukhutshwa ngokuthe ngcembe: Xa utshaja iibhetri zakho ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba uzitshaja ngokupheleleyo phambi kokuba uzisebenzise okokuqala. Kwakhona, kuphephe ukuzilayisha kakhulu, njengoko oku kunokunciphisa ixesha lokuphila kwazo. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba ukhuphe kancinci kancinci iibhetri ukuya kumanqanaba aphantsi entlawulo phambi kokuba uzitshaje kwakhona.

3. Indawo yokugcina efanelekileyo: Xa ungasebenzisi iibhetri zakho ezitshajekayo, zigcine kwindawo epholileyo neyomileyo. Kuphephe ukuzibeka esichengeni sobushushu obugqithisileyo, njengoko oku kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwazo. Zisuse rhoqo iibhetri yesixhobo ukuba ayizukusetyenziswa ixesha elide.

Ngamafutshane, ukuchonga ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa kwakhona kunokuba lula ngokulandela imiba ethile engundoqo. Umbhalo kwibhetri ebonisa ukutshajwa kwayo kunye nohlobo lwayo lwethekhnoloji, kunye nokuyila kunye nokubonakala kwebhetri, zizinto ezinokusinika izibonakaliso ezicacileyo malunga nobume bayo obuhlaziywayo. Ukongeza, ukujonga amaxwebhu omenzi kunye nokusebenzisa iitshaja ezithile zizixhobo eziluncedo ukumisela ukuba ibhetri inokutshajwa na okanye hayi.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukwazi ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa akusayi kusigcina imali kuphela kwixesha elide, kodwa kuya kuba negalelo ekunciphiseni impembelelo yokusingqongileyo eyenziwa ngokulahlwa rhoqo kweebhetri ezilahlwayo. Ngokukhetha iibhetri ezikwazi ukutshajwa kwakhona, siya kukhetha enye indlela ezinzileyo nengenabungozi kokusingqongileyo.

Ukuqukumbela, ukuqonda indlela yokuxela ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa kwakhona kuquka ukuqhelana nolwazi olunikwe kwibhetri ngokwayo, uyilo lwayo, uxwebhu lomenzi, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweetshaja ezifanelekileyo. Olu lwazi luya kusinceda senze izigqibo eziqondayo nezinoxanduva xa kuthengwa iibhetri, ukukhuthaza ubomi obude kunye nolawulo oluzinzileyo lwemithombo yamandla.

Indlela Yokwazi Ukuba Ibhetri Ingaphinde Itshajwe

Uhlaziyo lokugqibela: 27/08/2023
Umbhali: USebastian Vidal

Emhlabeni Kwi-electronics, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zitshintshe indlela esisebenzisa ngayo izixhobo zethu yonke imihla. Ezi bhetri zinika enye indlela ezinzileyo nenoqoqosho kwiibhetri ezilahlwayo, njengoko zinokutshajwa kwakhona kwaye ziphinde zisetyenziswe amaxesha amaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ekuqaleni kunokuba nzima ukuxelela ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa okanye hayi. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga indlela yokuxelela ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa kwakhona, sihlalutya iimpawu zobugcisa ezizahlula kunye nokubonelela ngeengcebiso ezisebenzayo zokuzichonga. kwimarike. Ukusuka kwimiba efana noyilo kunye nokuleyibhile, ukuya kumthamo wamandla kunye nobomi obuluncedo, siya kufumanisa indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba sithenga iibhetri ezifanelekileyo ukulungiselela iimfuno zethu zamandla aphinde atshajwe. Zilungiselele ukuntywila kwilizwe lobuchwephesha beebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwaye ufunde ukuba ungazichonga njani njengengcali kulo mbandela.

1. Intshayelelo yeebhetri ezitshajekayo kunye nokubaluleka kwazo

Iibhetri ezitshajwayo zisisombululo esizinzileyo kunye nesoqoqosho kwiimfuno zethu zamandla. Ziyahluka kwiibhetri ezilahlwayo kuba zinokusetyenziswa amaxesha amaninzi, nto leyo enciphisa ubungakanani benkunkuma kwaye inceda ukukhusela inkunkuma. okusingqongileyo. Ukongeza, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa zidla ngokuba nomthamo ophezulu wokutshaja, nto leyo ezenza zilungele izixhobo ezinamandla amakhulu.

Ukubaluleka kweebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi kunye nokuqina kwazo. Ngokusebenzisa iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, sinokonga imali kwixesha elide, kuba sikuphepha ukuba sisoloko sithenga iibhetri ezilahlwayo. Ukongeza, ziluncedo kakhulu kwizixhobo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo, njengokulawula kude, iithoyi ze-elektroniki kunye neekhamera, kuba sinokuzihlaziya ngokukhawuleza kwaye sizisebenzise kwakhona ngaphandle kweengxaki.

Ngokumalunga nokusetyenziswa kwazo, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zifuna itshaja ethile ukuzitshaja kwakhona. Kubalulekile ukufunda imiyalelo kwitshaja kwaye ulandele amanyathelo okutshaja ngokuchanekileyo. Ngokubanzi, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kufuneka zikhutshwe ngokupheleleyo phambi kokuba zitshajwe kwakhona. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe uhlobo olufanayo kunye nomthamo weebhetri kwisixhobo ukuze usebenze ngokugqibeleleyo.

Ngamafutshane, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa ziyindlela esebenzayo nezinzileyo kwiimfuno zethu zamandla. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kusivumela ukuba songe imali kwaye sibe negalelo ekunciphiseni inkunkuma. Ukusebenza okuphezulu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa itshaja efanelekileyo kwaye ulandele imiyalelo yokutshaja. Ngeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, sinokuqinisekisa ukuba sinamandla ahlala ixesha elide kwaye athembekileyo kwizixhobo zethu zombane.

2. Iimpawu eziphambili zeebhetri ezitshajekayo

Iibhetri eziphinda zitshajwe ziyindlela ethandwayo nezinzileyo kwiibhetri zesintu ezilahlwayo. Ezi bhetri ziyilelwe ukuba ziphinde zitshajwe kwaye ziphinde zisetyenziswe amaxesha amaninzi, nto leyo ezenza zibe lukhetho loqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ngezantsi kukho ezinye:

1. Umthamo wokutshaja: Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinomthamo ophezulu wokutshaja xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ezilahlwayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba banokugcina amandla amaninzi kwaye bahlale ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba bafune ukutshajwa kwakhona.

2. Imijikelo yokutshaja: Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kwaye zisetyenziswe kwimijikelo emininzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba zinokulayishwa kwaye zothulwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umthamo omkhulu. Ezinye iibhetri ezinokuphinda zitshajwe ziyakwazi ukumelana namakhulu okanye amawaka eemjikelezo zentlawulo.

3. Ubukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo: Njengeebhetri ezilahlwayo, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ziza ngobukhulu kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ukusuka kwiibhetri zeAA kunye ne-AAA ukuya kwiibhetri ezinkulu ezifana neebhetri ze-C kunye ne-D, kukho ibhetri egcwalisekayo ekhoyo phantse. nasiphi na isixhobo nge-elektroniki.

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zilukhetho oluthembekileyo nolwendalo kumandla izixhobo zakho izinto zombane. Ngomthamo wabo ophezulu wokutshaja, imijikelo yokutshaja ehlala ixesha elide, kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhetha, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona lukhetho olunobulumko lokunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nokugcina imali ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ungalibali ukuthathela ingqalelo zonke izinto eziphambili ezikhankanyiweyo xa ukhetha iibhetri zakho ezinokutshajwa!

3. Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kweebhetri ezinokuphinda zitshajwe kunye nezingaphinde zitshajwe?

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kunye nezingaphinde zitshajwe ziintlobo ezimbini zeebhetri ezineempawu ezahlukeneyo. Omnye wowona mahluko uphambili phakathi kwezi zimbini iinketho kukukwazi ukutshajwa okanye ukusetyenziswa kwakhona. Ngelixa iibhetri ezingaphinde zitshajwe zingenako ukutshajwa kwakhona kwaye kufuneka zitshintshwe xa ziphelile, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zingasetyenziswa amatyeli amaninzi emva kokutshajwa kwakhona.

Omnye umahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kweentlobo zombini zeebhetri bubomi bazo obuluncedo. Iibhetri ezingaphinde zitshajwe zikholisa ukuba nobomi obufutshane xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ezinokutshajwa. Oku kungenxa yokuba iibhetri ezingaphinde zitshajwe ziyilelwe ukuba zisetyenziswe de ziphele zize zilahlwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinokuba nexesha elide lokuphila ukuba zigcinwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zihlaziywa ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukongeza, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zikholisa ukuba nomthamo ophezulu wokutshaja xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ezingaphinda zitshajwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinokugcina amandla amaninzi kwaye zinike ixesha elide lokusebenzisa ngaphambi kokuba ziphele. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iibhetri ezingenakutshajwa zinomthamo osisigxina kwaye emva kokuba ziphelile, aziyi kukwazi ukunika amandla ongezelelweyo. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela umthamo ofunekayo kwisixhobo apho iibhetri ziya kusetyenziswa, njengoko kunokufuna umthamo ophezulu wokusebenza kakuhle.

Isishwankathelo, umahluko ophambili phakathi kweebhetri ezinokuphinda zitshajwe kunye nezingaphinde zitshajwe zixhomekeke ekukwazini ukutshajwa kwakhona, ubomi obuluncedo kunye nomthamo wazo wokutshaja. Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kwaye ziphinde zisetyenziswe, zibenobomi obude kunye nomthamo wokutshaja ophezulu xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ezingaphinde zitshajwe. Ngelixa iibhetri ezingaphinde zitshajwe kufuneka zitshintshwe emva kokuba ziphelile, iibhetri ezinokuphinda zitshajwe zingasetyenziswa amaxesha amaninzi, nto leyo ezenza zibe lukhetho olunoqoqosho olungcono kunye nolwaneliseko lokusingqongileyo.

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4. Iimpawu zangaphandle zokuchonga ibhetri egcwalisekayo

Nazi ezinye zezibonelo. imiqondiso yangaphandle oko kunokusinceda ukuba sichonge ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa okanye hayi. Ezi mpawu ziya kusebenza njengesikhokelo sokwazi ukuba singaqhuba inkqubo yokutshaja kwakhona ibhetri okanye kufuneka siyilahle ngokufanelekileyo.

1. Iithegi: Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa zidla ngokuza neeleyibhile ezibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ziyatshajeka kwakhona. Ezi lebhile zinokuba namagama athi “rechargeable,” “NiMH rechargeable,” okanye “Li-ion rechargeable.” Ukongeza, basenokuba nophawu lokurisayikilishwa ukubonisa ukuba kufuneka batshajwe kwakhona endaweni yokulahlwa.

2. Umthamo oqhelekileyo: Olunye uphawu lokuchonga ibhetri egcwalisekayo ngumthamo wegama. Iibhetri eziphinda zitshajwe zidla ngokuba nomthamo ongaphezulu wesiqhelo kuneebhetri ezilahlwayo. Oku kubonakaliswe kwileyibhile yebhetri kwaye ilinganiswa nge-mAh (milliamperes ngeyure). Ukuba umthamo wesiqhelo webhetri uphezulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba iphinde itshajwe.

3. Imilo kunye nobukhulu: Iibhetri eziphinda zitshajwe zidla ngokuba yimilo esemgangathweni kunye nobukhulu xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ezilahlwayo. Umzekelo, iibhetri ze-AA kunye ne-AAA zihlala zixhaphake kakhulu kwimeko yeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona. Ukuba ibhetri ikwimo eyahlukileyo kunye nobukhulu kuneebhetri ezilahlwayo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, inokuphinda itshajwe.

5. Ukujonga iinkcukacha zebhetri: amandla ombane kunye nomthamo

Ukuphonononga ukucaciswa kwesitaki linyathelo elibalulekileyo ngaphambi kokukhetha eyona ilungileyo kwiprojekthi. Iimpawu ezimbini eziphambili ekufuneka uzigcine engqondweni amandla ombane kunye namandla ukusuka kwisitaki. I-voltage inquma ubungakanani bamandla ombane ibhetri enokubonelela ngayo, ngelixa umthamo ubonisa inani lentlawulo enokuyigcina kwaye, ngoko, ixesha lokusebenza. yesixhobo iqhutywa yibhetri ethethiweyo.

Ukuvavanya umbane webhetri, kuyimfuneko ukuphonononga iinkcukacha zomenzi. Uninzi lweebhetri lunomthamo wegama, umzekelo, ibhetri ye-AA ye-alkali ine-voltage ye-1.5 V. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-voltage yangempela ingahluka ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlolisise ubuncinci kunye namaxabiso aphezulu. Ukongeza, kuya kufuneka uqwalasele ukuba iprojekthi ifuna ibhetri enye okanye iibhetri ezininzi ziyafuneka kuthotho okanye ngokuhambelanayo ukufezekisa amandla ombane afunekayo.

Umthamo webhetri ulinganiswa nge-mAh (iiyure ze-milliampere) kwaye imele ubungakanani bangoku ibhetri enokubonelela ngayo kwixesha elithile. Ukugqiba umthamo ofanelekileyo, kubalulekile ukubala okwangoku isixhobo siya kutsala kwaye siqikelele ixesha elifunekayo lokusebenza. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba isixhobo sisebenzisa i-100 mA kunye nobude beeyure ze-5 zifunwa, ibhetri enomthamo we-500 mAh iya kufuneka. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe ibhetri enomthamo ongaphezulu kancinane ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kunye nokubuyekeza ilahleko yamandla enokwenzeka.

6. Ukuchongwa okubonakalayo kweebhetri ezinokutshajwa

Ukuchonga ngokubonakalayo iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, kubalulekile ukugcina imiba embalwa ebalulekileyo engqondweni. Okokuqala, kucetyiswa ukuba uhlolisise iilebhile zeebhetri, ezimele zibonise ngokucacileyo ukuba zihlaziywa kwakhona. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho iileta ezifana ne "NiMH" (i-Nickel Metal Hydride) okanye "i-Li-ion" (i-Lithium Ion), ebonisa ukuba iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona. Ukongeza, ezinye iibrendi zinokubandakanya iisimboli ezithile ukuchonga olu hlobo lwebhetri.

Okwesibini, ukuba akukho phawu lufunyenweyo kwilebhile, kunokwenzeka ukuchonga iibhetri ezinokutshajwa ngokwemilo kunye nobukhulu bazo. Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinemilo yecylindrical efana neebhetri zealkaline, kodwa zihlala zinde kancinci. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuthelekisa imilinganiselo yebhetri echaphazelekayo kunye neebhetri ezikwazi ukutshajwa kwakhona.

Ekugqibeleni, enye indlela yokuchonga ngokubonakalayo iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kubukho bezibuko okanye isinxibelelanisi phezulu okanye ezantsi kwebhetri. Eli zibuko livumela uqhagamshelo lwetshaja ukutshaja ibhetri. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ayizizo zonke iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ezinolu hlobo lwezibuko, njengoko ezinye zinokuthi zihlaziywe kwakhona ngesiseko sokutshaja okanye ngokusebenzisa oonxibelelwano phezulu. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, kuyimfuneko ukufunda imiyalelo enikwe ngumenzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ifomu echanekileyo ukutshaja iibhetri.

7. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ukujonga ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa na

Ukubona ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa kwakhona, ungasebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ukukunceda uchonge ukuba ibhetri ikulungele na ukutshajwa. Esinye sezixhobo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezona zilula zokusebenzisa i-voltmeter, evumela ukuba ulinganise amandla ebhetri. Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zidla ngokuba nombane ophantsi xa zikhutshiwe ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ngokulinganisa umbane webhetri ngevoltmeter unokugqiba ukuba iyatshajwa okanye hayi.

Esinye isixhobo esiluncedo yitshaja yebhetri. Ngokusebenzisa itshaja eyenzelwe ngokukodwa iibhetri ezinokutshajwa, unokutshaja ibhetri ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ezi tshaja zihlala zinezalathi ezikwazisa xa ibhetri igcwaliswe ngokupheleleyo. Ukongeza, ezinye iitshaja zikwanakho ukulungisa iibhetri ezinokuthi zitshajwe kwakhona ngokufaka ipulsed current enceda ekususeni i-sulfate buildup.

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Ukongeza kwezi zixhobo, kukho izixhobo ezininzi ze-intanethi ezinokukunceda ubone ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa. Umzekelo, ungajonga incwadi yemiyalelo yesixhobo oceba ukusebenzisa ibhetri kuso, okanye ukhangele ulwazi kwisixhobo sakho. iwebhusayithi kumvelisi webhetri. Unokufumana kwakhona izifundo kunye nezikhokelo Inyathelo nenyathelo kwi-intanethi eya kukufundisa indlela yokuchonga iimpawu zebhetri etshajwayo kwaye uyahlule kwibhetri elahlayo. Ngalo lonke ixesha khumbula ukulandela imiyalelo enikelwe ngumenzi ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo kweebhetri ezinokutshajwa.

8. Ukubaluleka kokufunda iilebhile zebhetri kunye neekhowudi

Ukufunda iilebhile zebhetri kunye neekhowudi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa nokuphatha okuchanekileyo. Ukwazi ulwazi oluqulethwe kwezi lebhile kusenza sikwazi ukuchonga uhlobo lwebhetri, umthamo wayo, iinxalenye zekhemikhali ezibandakanyekayo nokuba iyatshajwa okanye iyalahlwa. Olu lwazi lubalulekile ukuthintela iingozi kunye nokuqinisekisa ulawulo olululo lwebhetri.

Xa ufunda iilebhile zebhetri kunye neekhowudi, kubalulekile ukuhlawula ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwiingcebiso zokhuseleko ezinikezelwa ngumenzi. Le miyalelo isazisa malunga namanyathelo okhuseleko okufuneka athathwe ngexesha lokuphatha, njengokuphepha ukuvezwa kwamaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo, ukungagqobhozi okanye ukuqhaqha iibhetri, kunye nokungaxubi iibhetri zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo okanye iimpawu.

Ukongeza, ukufunda iilebhile zebhetri kunye neekhowudi kusivumela ukuba senze izigqibo ezinolwazi xa sikhetha iibhetri ezifanelekileyo kwizixhobo zethu. Ukwazi umthamo kunye nohlobo lwebhetri olufunwa sisixhobo, sinokukhetha lowo usinika ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye, emva koko, sinciphise impembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Khumbula ukuba iibhetri ezininzi ziqulethe izinto ezinetyhefu kwaye zifuna ukuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokulahlwa kokugqibela.

9. Ukujonga ukuba ibhetri ibikhe yatshajwa na

Ukujonga ukuba ibhetri sele itshajiwe kwakhona, unokulandela la manyathelo alandelayo:

Inyathelo lesi-1: Yijonge ngeliso ibhetri naziphi na iimpawu ezicacileyo zokuba itshajiwe kwakhona, njengeempawu okanye umonakalo owenzekayo kwikhesi okanye iitheminali. Kwakhona, khangela ukuba ibhetri inalo naluphi na uhlobo lotshintsho kuyo ifomu yokuqala.

Inyathelo lesi-2: Sebenzisa i-voltmeter ukulinganisa amandla ombane ebhetri. Ibhetri egcwaliswe ngokutsha kufuneka ibe namandla ombane aphezulu kunebhetri efileyo okanye engasetyenziswanga. Ukuba amandla ombane angaphezulu kakhulu kunesiqhelo, ibhetri iphinde yatshajwa.

Inyathelo lesi-3: Ukuba unezixhobo ezikhethekileyo, ungasebenzisa i-analyzer yebhetri ebonisa ulwazi olunzulu malunga nesimo sayo, njengomthamo oseleyo, inani lemijikelezo yentlawulo, ubushushu, phakathi kwabanye. Ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngendlela echanekileyo yokufumanisa ukuba ibhetri ibikhe yatshajwa ngaphambili.

10. Ukujonga ukuxhathisa kwangaphakathi kwebhetri ukubona ukuba iyagcwaliseka na

Ukugqiba ukuba ibhetri iyahlawuleka kwakhona, kuyimfuneko ukujonga ukuchasana kwayo kwangaphakathi. Le nkqubo yindlela ethembekileyo yokumisela imeko yebhetri kwaye ingaba ifanelekile ukutshaja kwakhona. Ngezantsi ngamanyathelo onokuthi uwalandele ukwenza olu vavanyo:

  1. Qokelela izinto eziyimfuneko: uya kufuna i-multimeter (ngokukhethekileyo idijithali), isikhokelo sovavanyo, kunye neebhetri ofuna ukuzivavanya.
  2. Cwangcisa i-multimeter: Qinisekisa ukuba i-multimeter ikwimo "yokumelana" kwaye usete isikali kuluhlu olufanelekileyo. Qhagamshelana ne-multimeter's manual ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba uyenza njani le nto.
  3. Xhuma izikhokelo zovavanyo: Xhuma uvavanyo lwe-multimeter lukhokelela kwii-terminals ezihambelanayo. Ucingo olubomvu luqhagamshela kwitheminali "positive" kunye nocingo olumnyama kwitheminali "negative". Qinisekisa ukuba iintambo ziqhagamshelwe ngokukhuselekileyo.

Emva kokuba wenze ezi zicwangciso, ulungele ukuqala ukujonga ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kwebhetri. Landela la manyathelo:

  1. Cima naziphi na izixhobo eziqhagamshelwe kwibhetri kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ibhetri igcwaliswe ngokupheleleyo.
  2. Ngokusetwa kwe-multimeter kunye novavanyo olukhokelela kunxibelelwano, chukumisa iingcebiso zesikhokelo kwii-terminals ezichaphazelekayo kwibhetri. Ucingo olubomvu kufuneka luchukumise i-terminal ephozithivu kunye nocingo olumnyama i-terminal ethabathayo.
  3. Jonga ukufundwa kwi-multimeter. Ibhetri egcwalisekayo ikwimeko entle Ngokuqhelekileyo iya kuba nokuchasana okuphantsi kwangaphakathi, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokomyalelo wee-ohms ezininzi. Ukuba ufundo lubonisa ukuxhathisa okuphezulu kakhulu okanye okungapheliyo, ibhetri mhlawumbi ayinakutshajwa.

Khumbula ukuba ukuxhathisa kwangaphakathi kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwintlawulo yebhetri. Yenza le nkqubo ngamaxesha kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo ukuze ufumane uvandlakanyo oluchanekileyo. Ukuba nangaliphi na ixesha unokungabaza okanye awuqinisekanga ukuba ungayitolika njani iziphumo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufune iingcebiso kwingcali kulo mbandela.

11. Ukubonisana neencwadana zomenzi kunye nezikhokelo zokuqinisekisa ukutshajwa kwakhona

Xa ujongene nesidingo sokutshaja isixhobo, kubalulekile ukudibana neencwadana zomenzi kunye nezikhokelo zokuqinisekisa ukuba kunokwenzeka kwaye wazi iinkqubo ezicetyiswayo. La maxwebhu aqulethe ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nebhetri yesixhobo kunye nomthamo wokutshaja kwakhona, kunye nezilumkiso kunye namanyathelo ayimfuneko ukwenza oko ngokuchanekileyo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukutshajwa kwakhona yesixhobo sakho, jonga kwincwadana enikezelwe ngumenzi. Olu xwebhu ludla ngokufumaneka kwi-intanethi okanye lufakwe kwibhokisi yemveliso. Qinisekisa ukuba unofikelelo kolona guqulelo lwangoku lwencwadana, njengoko imiyalelo inokuba itshintshile kwiimodeli ezintsha.

Ezinye iingongoma ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule xa ujongana nencwadana yemigaqo yomenzi kunye nezikhokelo zilandelayo:

  • Jonga umthamo wokutshajwa kwebhetri. Ezinye izixhobo zinokufuna ukutshaja okukhethekileyo kokuqala phambi kokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo.
  • Jonga ulwazi malunga nexesha eliqikelelweyo lokutshaja kunye nohlobo lweadaptha okanye intambo ecetyiswayo kwinkqubo.
  • Hlaziya imiqathango yokhuseleko ekufuneka uyilandele xa utshaja ngokutsha, njengokunqanda ukuba sesichengeni sobushushu obugqithisileyo okanye ukusebenzisa iitshaja ezingagunyaziswanga.
  • Unokufumana iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo malunga nendlela yokwandisa ubomi bebhetri kwaye wandise ukusebenza.
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12. Iingenelo kunye nokungalunganga kweebhetri ezitshajekayo

Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zifumene ukuthandwa kwiminyaka yamva nje ngenxa yokukwazi ukusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, nto leyo ezenza zibe lukhetho oluluhlaza kunye noloqoqosho ngakumbi kuneebhetri ezilahlwayo. Nangona kunjalo, njengayo nayiphi na enye iteknoloji, banayo iingenelo kunye nokungalungi ukucingela:

Izinto eziluncedo kwiibhetri ezinokutshajwa:

  • 1. Ugcino lwexesha elide: Nangona ixabiso lokuqala liphezulu, iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kangangamakhulu, okukhokelela kulondolozo lwexesha elide olubalulekileyo xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ezilahlwayo.
  • 2. Unciphiso lwenkunkuma: Ngokusebenzisa iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, isixa seebhetri ezilahlwayo eziphela kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma siyancitshiswa kwaye ungcoliseko lwendalo luyancipha.
  • 3. Ukusebenza okuphezulu: Iibhetri ezinokutshajwa zidla ngokuba namandla aphezulu kunye nokusebenza okungaguquguqukiyo xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ezilahlwayo, nto leyo ezenza zilungele izixhobo zamandla aphezulu.

Ububi beebhetri eziphinda zitshajwe:

  • 1. Ixesha lokutshaja: Iibhetri ezitshajwayo zifuna ixesha lokutshaja ngaphambi kokuba ziphinde zisetyenziswe, nto leyo enokuba yingozi kwiimeko apho umbane ufuneka ngokukhawuleza.
  • 2. Ilahleko yentlawulo kancinane: Nangona iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona amaxesha amaninzi, ziphelelwa ngamandla ngokuthe ngcembe xa zingasetyenziswa, nto leyo enokuba ngumqobo ukuba iibhetri esele zikulungele ukusetyenziswa ziyafuneka ngamaxesha onke.
  • 3. Iindleko zokuqala: Ngokungafaniyo neebhetri ezilahlwayo, iibhetri ezinokuphinda zitshajwe zinexabiso eliphezulu lokuqala ngenxa yetekhnoloji kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswa ekuveliseni kwazo.

13. Indlela yokwandisa ubomi beebhetri ezitshajekayo

Ukwandisa ubomi beebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, kubalulekile ukulandela izikhokelo ezisisiseko. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa itshaja efanelekileyo nesemgangathweni. Le tshaja kufuneka icacise uhlobo lweebhetri eziphinda zitshajwe. Kufuneka ukuphephe ukusebenzisa iitshaja ezenziwe ngabenzi okanye ezikumgangatho ophantsi, njengoko zinokubangela umonakalo kwiibhetri, zinciphise ubomi bazo obuluncedo.

Enye inkalo ebalulekileyo kukuphepha ukutshaja ngokugqithiseleyo kunye nokukhupha ngokupheleleyo iibhetri. Oku kuthetha ukuba zingazishiyi iibhetri ziqhagamshelwe kwitshaja ixesha elininzi, okanye ukuzivumela ukuba zikhuphe ngokupheleleyo phambi kokuba zitshajwe kwakhona. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhawule iibhetri kwitshaja xa sele zihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo, ngaloo ndlela kuthintelwe ukufudumeza nokunxiba ngokungeyomfuneko.

Ukongezelela, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ugcine iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo, kude nemithombo yokushisa okanye yomswakama. Ubushushu kunye nokufuma kunokuchaphazela kakubi amandla ebhetri ukubamba intlawulo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukucoca rhoqo ibhetri kunye nabafowunelwa betshaja, njengoko ukwakhiwa kokungcola kunokuphazamisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja.

14. Izigqibo kunye neengcebiso zokugqibela zokuchonga iibhetri ezitshajekayo

Ukuqukumbela, ukuchonga iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kunokuba yinkqubo elula ukuba kulandelwa amanyathelo afanelekileyo. Ngezantsi kukho iingcebiso zokugqibela zokwenza le nkqubo ibe lula:

1. Hlola ngononophelo isingxobo: Ngaphambi kokuthenga ibhetri, kubalulekile ukujonga ileyibhile kunye nokupakishwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba yibhetri egcwalisekayo. Khangela amagama athi "rechargeable" okanye "rechargeable" kwipakethe kwaye ujonge naziphi na iisimboli zokuhlaziya, njengebhetri enotolo olujikeleze kuyo. Oku kuya kubonisa ukuba yibhetri egcwalisekayo.

2. Jonga kuxwebhu lomenzi: Ukuba usenamathandabuzo malunga nokuba ibhetri iyatshajwa, kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibane namaxwebhu omenzi. Amaxesha amaninzi, abavelisi babandakanya imiyalelo ecacileyo yokusebenzisa kunye nokutshaja iibhetri zabo kwincwadi yemveliso okanye kwiwebhusayithi yabo.

3. Sebenzisa itshaja efanelekileyo: Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa itshaja eyenzelwe ngokukodwa iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona. Le tshaja kufuneka ibeneempawu kunye noseto oluyimfuneko ukutshaja uhlobo lwebhetri ekuthethwa ngalo. Ukusebenzisa itshaja engalunganga kungonakalisa iibhetri kwaye kunciphise ubomi bazo.

Ukuqukumbela, ukukwazi ukwazi ukuba ibhetri iyatshajwa kwakhona kubalulekile ekwandiseni amandla ayo kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yenkunkuma yebhetri engahlawulekiyo. Ngokuhlola okubonwayo kunye nokufunda imiyalelo ekwileyibhile, iimpawu zebhetri zinokumiselwa nokuba iyatshajeka na okanye hayi. Ukongeza, uphando kunye nokuqhelaniswa neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona kwimarike nazo zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kule nkqubo.

Khumbula ukuba iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona zinokuba lukhetho olunoqoqosho noluzinzileyo kwixesha elide, njengoko ubomi bazo bude kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri eziqhelekileyo ezilahlwayo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukulandela iingcebiso zomenzi malunga nokutshaja okufanelekileyo nokukhuselekileyo. Ngale ndlela, unokonwabela izibonelelo zeebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwaye unegalelo ngokusebenzayo kulondolozo lwendalo esingqongileyo. Nceda usebenzise amandla ngenkathalo kwaye ukhethe iibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona xa kunokwenzeka!