Iminenga Zizilwanyana ezincancisayo zaselwandle ezibonakala ngonxibelelwano lwazo oluntsonkothileyo noluntsonkothileyo Ukutyhubela iminyaka, uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba ezi zilwanyana zibalaseleyo zisebenzisa iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zokuseka iindlela zokunxibelelana nokudlulisela inkcazelo phakathi kwazo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlola Inxibelelana njani iminenga, ukuphonononga kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuchule ababusebenzisayo ukutshintshiselana ngemiyalezo. Oku kuqonda kuya kusenza sibuxabise ngakumbi ubukrelekrele nobuchule bezi zidalwa zimangalisayo.
Unxibelelwano phakathi kweminenga lubalulekile ukuze iphile kwaye izale. Unxibelelwano oluvakalayo Yenye yezona ndlela zibalaseleyo ezi zilwanyana zanyisayo zithumela ngayo imiyalezo enye kwenye kumgama omde. Iminenga yenza izandi ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwintlupheko neempempe ukuya kutsho kwiingoma ezintsonkothileyo nezimnandi. Ezi zandi zihamba emanzini, asebenza njengendawo egqibeleleyo yokusasaza kwawo. Ngale ndlela, iminenga inokunxibelelana kwanakwimigama emide, ivumela ukuba idibane, ifumane iqabane, ize ibalumkise ngengozi.
Ukongeza kunxibelelwano lwe-acoustic, Iminenga inxibelelana ngokusebenzisa izijekulo kunye nokuziphatha okubonakalayo. Ezi zilwanyana zanyisayo zisebenzisa intshukumo yomzimba, njengokutsibela ngaphandle kwamanzi, ukuqhwabaza amaphiko azo, nokubetha umphezulu wolwandle, ukuze zidlulisele imiyalezo kwamanye amalungu eqela lazo. Olunye uphononongo lubonise ukuba ezi ntshukumo zingasetyenziselwa ukuseka ulawulo lwentlalo, ukuqalisa ukuthandana okanye nokugcina ubambiswano lweqela kunye nomanyano ngelixa ushukuma.
Ulwimi lweminenga Inesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi esidibanisa i-acoustic kunye nezinto ezibonakalayo. Izandi ezenziwa yiminenga, njengokucofa, ukubethela impempe kunye nokuncwina, zineepateni ezahlukeneyo kunye nolandelelwano oludlulisela ulwazi oluthile. Ukongeza, iminenga ikwasebenzisa indawo ekuyo imizimba yabo, icala ngakumaphiko abo, kunye nobudlelwane bayo besithuba nabanye abantu ukongeza ulwazi olungakumbi kwimiyalezo yabo. Nangona kusekho iinkalo ezininzi ezingaziwayo ngale nkqubo yonxibelelwano, izazinzulu zisaqhubeka ziphanda ukuze zityhile iimfihlelo zolwimi lomnenga.
Ngamafutshane, iminenga isebenzisa indibaniselwano ye-acoustic kunye ne-gestive communication ukuseka unxibelelwano lwentlalo kunye nokusebenzisana namanye amalungu eentlobo zabo. Ezi ndlela zokunxibelelana zibavumela ukuba bagcine ubumbano kwiqela labo, bafumane iqabane kwaye balumkise ngeengozi ezinokwenzeka. Njengoko sisiya siyiqonda nzulu indlela iminenga enxibelelana ngayo, simangaliswa kukuntsonkotha nokuntsonkotha kolwimi lwayo, sibethelela ngakumbi ukubaluleka kokukhusela nokulondoloza ezi zidalwa zaselwandle zibangel’ umdla.
1. Unxibelelwano ngelizwi: Ulwimi lweminenga
Kwilizwe elinomtsalane leminenga, i comunicación vocal idlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ezi zilwanyana zanyisayo zaselwandle zisebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezandiukudlulisa ulwazi kunye nokuseka unxibelelwano nabanye abantu bohlobo lwabo. Ngokukwazi ukukhupha amazwi amaninzi ahlukeneyo, iminenga inxibelelana nemeko yayo yeemvakalelo, indawo, iimfuno, kwanobuntu bayo.
Iimvumi ze-Whale zingahlelwa kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili: iifowuni kunye neengoma. iminxeba Zizandi ezihlala ixesha elifutshane ezisetyenziselwa unxibelelwano olukhawulezileyo. Ezi fowuni zinokususela kwii-chirps ezilula ukuya kulandelelwano lokucofa oluntsonkothileyo. Kwelinye icala, i iingoma Lulandelelwano olude noluntsonkothileyo lwelizwi eliphinda iminenga ixesha elide. Ezi ngoma zigqalwa njengeyona ndlela yonxibelelwano entsonkothileyo kwaye kukholelwa ukuba zinendima ekutsalelekeni ngokwesini nakunxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu.
Iminenga ikwasebenzisa iipateni ezithile, ezicwangcisiweyo ukucwangcisa amazwi abo, aziwa ngokuba dialectos. Ezi lwimi zahlukile kwiqela ngalinye leminenga kwaye zisasazwa ukusuka kwisizukulwana ukuya kwisizukulwana. Olu hlobo lukhethekileyo lonxibelelwano lwezwi luvumela iminenga ukuba ichonge ubume bayo kwaye iseke amaqhina anamandla oluntu. Ukongeza, kuye kwaphawulwa ukuba iminenga inokutshintshana ngokuthetha, idale uhlobo lwencoko phakathi kwayo.
2. Iimpawu zophawu lwezandi: Ukubaluleka kweengoma zangaphantsi kwamanzi
Iingoma eziculwa phantsi kwamanzi zeminenga luhlobo lonxibelelwano olubangel’ umdla olunendima ebalulekileyo kubomi bezi zilwanyana zanyisayo zibalaseleyo. Ezi zandi, ezikhutshwa ikakhulu ngamadoda entsonkothileyo kwaye yahlukile, kwaye inokuviwa kwimigama emide elwandle. Uhlobo ngalunye lomnenga lunengxelo yalo yokucula, nto leyo evumela ukuba kubekho ukuchongwa kunye nokwahlula phakathi kwabo.
La ukubaluleka Iingoma eziphantsi kwamanzi zilele kwimisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo yeminenga. Okokuqala, ezi zandi zisetyenziselwa fumana iqabane ngexesha lokuzala. Iinkunzi zikhupha iingoma ezinde, eziculayo ukutsala amabhinqa kwaye abonise ukufaneleka kwawo ngokwemfuza Ukongeza, ezi ngoma zidlala indima kubalulekile kuhambo kwaye kwi unxibelelwano lomgama omde phakathi kwamaqela ahlukeneyo eminenga.
Uphononongo lubonise ukuba iingoma zangaphantsi kwamanzi yandisiwe kwaye yakhiwe kwaye ziyahluka phakathi kwabemi abahlukeneyo beminenga. Ezi zandi zenziwe ngeepateni ezahlukeneyo kunye nolandelelwano, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba iminenga ine- izakhono zonxibelelwano eziphucukileyo. Ukongeza, kuye kwaphawulwa ukuba iminenga iyakwazi ukufunda nokuguqula iingoma zabo ngokuhamba kwexesha, nto leyo ebonisa a uhlobo lwenkcubeko nesithethe phakathi kwezi ntlobo zaselwandle.
3. Isakhiwo kunye nentsingiselo yezandi: Ukucacisa umyalezo wokuloba iminenga
Ukukhala kweminenga yenye yezona ndlela zibangela umdla zonxibelelwano ehlabathini. ubukumkani bezilwanyana. Ezi zilwanyana zanyisayo zaselwandle zisebenzisa izandi ezahlukeneyo ukuseka unxibelelwano, ukusasaza ulwazi kunye nokuseka imigangatho kumaqela azo asekuhlaleni. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, izazinzulu ziye zahlolisisa ukwakheka nentsingiselo yala mazwi ukuze zityhile isigidimi esintsonkothileyo esidluliselwa kuthi yiminenga.
Ubume belizwi lomnenga Yahluke kakhulu kwaye intsonkothile. Ezi zilwanyana zanyisayo zinokuvelisa izandi ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukusuka kucofa nje ukuya kutsho kwiingoma ezintsonkothileyo. Omnye wemiba enomdla kakhulu kukuba ezi vocalizations zinokuba zithe ngqo, ezivumela ukuba banxibelelane ngabanye okanye ngokwamaqela. Ukongeza, iminenga iyakwazi ukumodareyitha amaza, isingqisho, kunye nobude bezandi zayo, nto leyo eyivumelayo ukuba idlulise imiyalezo eyahlukeneyo, umzekelo, iinkunzi zisebenzisa iminxeba yokukhwelana eyohluka ngokwelizwi ukutsala iimazi.
El intsingiselo yesandi somnenga Yinkalo yokufunda kwindaleko eqhubekayo. Ngophando lwabo, izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba la mazwi adlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi bentlalo kunye nokuzala kwezi zilwanyana. Ngokomzekelo, izandi eziveliswa yiminenga ngexesha lokukhwelana kukholelwa ukuba luhlobo oluthile lokuthandana nokubonisa amandla. Ukongeza, oomama kunye nee-cetaceans ezincinci basebenzisa amagama athile ukugcina unxibelelwano kunye nokuseka ubudlelwane beemvakalelo. Nangona kunjalo, kuninzi ekufuneka kufundwe malunga nentsingiselo yelizwi ngalinye kunye nendlela imiyalezo ehanjiswa ngayo phakathi kweminenga.
4. Unxibelelwano phakathi kwamaqela: Umanyano loluntu lweminenga
Iminenga yaziwa ngokukwazi ukunxibelelana phakathi kwamaqela nokugcina umanyano oluluqilima loluntu. Inkqubo yabo yonxibelelwano intsonkothe kakhulu kwaye ixhomekeke kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa izandi, iintshukumo zomzimba, kunye nokuziphatha okuthe ngqo. Ezi zakhono zonxibelelwano zibalulekile ukuze ziphile kwaye zivelise kwakhona, kunye nokulungelelanisa kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kwamaqela.
Enye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokunxibelelana kweminenga kukusebenzisa izandi ezahlukeneyo. Bakhupha uluhlu olubanzi lweengoma, ukusuka kwiingoma eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuya kwiifowuni ezilula, ezinokuhamba imigama emide ngaphantsi kwamanzi. Ezi zandi ziveliswa ngamalungu akhethekileyo kwindlela yakho yokuphefumla kwaye zinokwahluka ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ubude kunye nobude. Iqela ngalinye leminenga linengxolo yalo yezandi ezahlukileyo, nto leyo ebavumela ukuba bachonge baze banxibelelane.
Ukongeza kwizandi, iminenga ikwasebenzisa iintshukumo ezithile zomzimba kunye nokuziphatha ukuqhagamshela. Umzekelo, zitsibela ngaphandle kwamanzi kwaye zibethe umphezulu ngamaphiko okanye imisila, leyo eyaziwa ngokuba "kukuqhekeza." Lo kuziphatha kunokuba luncedo njengendlela yesilumkiso, ukoyikisa okanye ukufumana ingqalelo yamanye amalungu eqela. Bakwasebenzisa iintshukumo ezifana nokubhabha, apho baphakamisa umsila wabo ngaphandle kwamanzi njengophawu lokungeniswa okanye ukwamkelwa ngexesha lokuhlangana.
5. Ulwimi lwezizwana kunye nokwahlukana kwemimandla: Ukwahluka kwesandi seminenga
Iminenga yaziwa ngobuchule bayo obumangalisayo bokunxibelelana. Nangona bengathethi ulwimi lomntu, basebenzisa uthotho lweendlela zokunxibelelana omnye nomnye. Enye yezona ndlela zibalaseleyo yokunxibelelana kweminenga kukusebenzisa iilwimi ezahlukeneyo kunye Umahluko wengingqi. Njengabantu, iminenga evela kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo inezandi ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zokunxibelelana.
Ezi lwimi zezizwana kunye neeyantlukwano zengingqi zibonisa isandi sokwahluka kweminenga. Inani ngalinye leminenga linezandi zalo zeempawu, ezidluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.
Ukwahluka kwesandi seminenga kuyamangalisa ngakumbi ngenxa yokukwazi kwabo lungisa kwaye udale izandi ezitshaI-Whales iyakwazi ukutshintsha i-vocalization yabo ekuphenduleni i-stimuli yangaphandle, njengobukho bezilwanyana ezidliwayo okanye ukuphazamiseka kwabantu. Ukongezelela, eminye iminenga iyakwazi ukuxelisa nokufunda izandi ezitsha, nto leyo eyenza ikwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo yaye ikwazi ukunxibelelana kakuhle.
6. Impembelelo yomntu: Impembelelo yengxolo ye-anthropogenic kunxibelelwano
Iminenga yaziwa ngokukwazi ukunxibelelana imigama emide, isebenzisa izandi nezandi ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, impembelelo engalunganga yengxolo ye-anthropogenic kwizakhono zabo zonxibelelwano iya ifundwa. Ingxolo eveliswa yimisebenzi yabantu efana nokuhamba ngenqanawa, ukusetyenziswa kweoyile kunye negesi, kunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zaselwandle kuchaphazela kakhulu ezi zidalwa zaselwandle.
Ingxolo yangaphantsi kwamanzi eveliswa yimisebenzi yabantu iphazamisana ngqo nokuziphatha kweminenga. Ezi zidalwa zisebenzisa isandi ukunxibelelana, ukuziqhelanisa nokujonga amaxhoba azo. Ingxolo egqithisileyo yeanthropogenic yenza kube nzima kwiminenga ukuva omnye komnye, nto leyo enokukhokelela “ekuhlukaneni kosapho” kunye nokuncipha kokuzala. Ukongezelela, ingxolo inokubangela uxinzelelo kunye nokulimala ngokomzimba, njengomonakalo kwizitho zokuva.
Ukunciphisa le ngxaki, izisombululo ezahlukeneyo ziye zacetywa. Enye inketho kukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwengxolo ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezikude nonxweme okanye ukusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuzolileyo ekuhloleni i-oyile negesi. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukuseka imimandla ekhuselweyo yaselwandle apho umsebenzi womntu ulinganiselwe kwaye indawo ekhuselekileyo nepholileyo ilungiselelwe iminenga. Ekugqibeleni, ukuphakamisa ulwazi kunye nemfundo malunga nemiphumo yengxolo ye-anthropogenic kwiminenga kunokukhuthaza izenzo zomntu ngamnye kunye neqela lokukhusela ezi ntlobo kunye nendawo yazo yokuhlala.
7. Amaqhinga olondolozo: Iingcebiso zokukhusela unxibelelwano lweminenga
Iingcebiso zokukhusela unxibelelwano lweminenga
Kweli candelo, siza kuphonononga izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo zolondolozo ezinokuthi ziphunyezwe khusela unxibelelwano lweminenga kunye Nokuqinisekisa ukusinda kwezi zidalwa zaselwandle zibalaseleyo. Ngezantsi sinika uluhlu lwezindululo eziphambili:
1. Nciphisa ingxolo yendawo: Ingxolo eyenziwa ngabantu, njengokuhamba ngenqanawa nokuhlola inyikima, inokuluphazamisa kanobom unxibelelwano lweminenga. Kubalulekile ukuthabatha amanyathelo okunciphisa le mpembelelo, njengokumisela imimiselo yokukhangela inqanawa kwiindawo ezinoxinzelelo olukhulu lokulotywa kweminenga, kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kobuchule bokukhangela obunengxolo kwiindawo ezinobuzaza.
2. Kuphephe ukuhamba elwandle kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo: Ukwazi iindlela zokufuduka kunye neendawo zokutya zeminenga kusenza sikwazi ukuchonga ezona ngongoma zibalulekileyo kunxibelelwano lwabo. Ukuzikhusela, kubalulekile ukuseka iipaseji zaselwandle ezinqanda ukugcwala kwezithuthi kwezi ndawo zibalulekileyo kwaye zinciphise umngcipheko wokungqubana kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-acoustic.
3. Khuthaza uphando: Uphononongo oluqhubekayo lonxibelelwano lweminenga lusinika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo lokukhusela kwabo Uphando lufanele lukhuthazwe olusivumela ukuba siqonde ngcono iipatheni zonxibelelwano lweminenga, kunye nefuthe lemisebenzi yabantu kubuchule babo bokunxibelelana. Olu phononongo luya kuba negalelo “ekuphunyezweni” kwamanyathelo olondolozo asebenza ngakumbi.
Ukuphumeza ezi ngcebiso kubalulekile ukuze khusela unxibelelwano lweminenga kunye nokugcina impilo yeminenga elwandle. Ngendlela ebanzi kunye nendibaniselwano yemithetho yendalo esingqongileyo, itekhnoloji kunye nokwazisa, sinokuqinisekisa ikamva apho iminenga iqhubeka nokuhambisa imiyalezo kwiilwandle ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
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