- Abantu baphefumla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-68.000 microplastics ngosuku, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezingaphakathi ezifana nezindlu kunye neemoto.
- Amasuntswana amancinci anokungena nzulu kwimiphunga kwaye athwale izinto eziyityhefu kwamanye amalungu.
- Eyona mithombo iphambili kukuthotywa kwezinto zeplastiki ngaphakathi endlwini: iikhaphethi, amalaphu, iipeyinti, ifenitshala kunye namalungu emoto.
- Iingcali zicebisa ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweeplastiki kunye neendawo zokungenisa umoya ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuvezwa kunye nemingcipheko yempilo enokubakho.
Ukuphefumla i-microplastics ibe yinxalenye yobomi bethu bemihla ngemihla., nangona inkoliso yabemi ingazi nto ngayo. Izifundo ezininzi ziye zabonisa ukuba La masuntswana, engabonakali ngeliso lenyama, sidada emoyeni esiwuphefumlayo, kungekuphela nje kwindawo engaphandle, kodwa ngokukodwa ngaphakathi emakhayeni, eziofisini nakwiimoto, apho sichitha ixesha lethu elininzi.
Ubungakanani bengxaki ye-microplastics emoyeni ibonakaliswe kulandela uphando olwenziwa zizazinzulu kwiYunivesithi yaseToulouse. Ukusebenzisa itekhnoloji ephezulu ekwaziyo ukubona amasuntswana amancinane kakhulu, kuye kwatyhilwa ukuba i Ubungakanani be-microplastics esiyiphefumlayo ukuya kumaxesha angama-100 aphezulu kunokuba bekuqikelelwe ngaphambili.Kwezinye iimeko, Umntu omdala unokuphefumla ukuya kwi-68.000 microplastic particles ngosuku., inani elilodlula kude uqikelelo lwangaphambili kwaye liqaqambisa ukungxamiseka kokusombulula le ngxaki.
Zivela phi ii-microplastics esiziphefumlayo?
I-emitters eziphambili ze-microplastics kwiindawo zangaphakathi zizinto zemihla ngemihla esiyisebenzisa imihla ngemihla. Iikhaphethi, iikhethini, i-upholstery, ivinyl flooring, ifenitshala, amalaphu okwenziwa, iipeyinti kunye namalungu emoto yeplastiki Ziyathomalalisa ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye zikhuphe amasuntswana amancinci emoyeni wangaphakathi. Ukubonakaliswa akunakuphepheka: sichitha malunga ne-90% yosuku lwethu ngaphakathi, apho umoya wokuphefumla uhlala ulinganiselwe kwaye ukuxinana kwala masuntswana kunokufikelela kumanqanaba aphezulu.
Ngokohlalutyo olwenziwa liqela lophando, Malunga ne-528 microplastic particles per cubic meter yafunyanwa emoyeni wekhaya., ngoxa ngaphakathi ezimotweni inani lenyuka laya kutsho kuma-2.238 ngekyubhiki mitha nganye. Ubungakanani bamasuntswana amaninzi ngaphantsi kwe-10 micrometers, oku kuthetha ukuba banokungena nzulu kwiindlela zomoya, bafikelele emiphungeni kwaye banokungena kwigazi kunye namanye amalungu.
Uninzi lwale nkunkuma luvela ekuthotyweni okanye ukuguga kwezinto zeplastiki.Amalaphu okwenziwa afana ne-polyester kunye ne-polyamide, afumaneka kwiimpahla kunye ne-upholstery yesithuthi, zizinto eziphambili. Ubushushu, ukukhuhlana, ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla, kunye nokuvela elangeni kukhawulezisa ukukhutshwa kwemicroplastics. imeko iba mandundu ezimotweni njengoko zincinci kwaye zingena umoya.
Zeziphi iingozi zempilo ezibangelwa zezi microplastic?
Nangona uphando lwezonyango lusaqhuba, Kuyaziwa ukuba amasuntswana agqwesileyo anokuphepha iinkqubo zokukhusela zendalo zendlela yethu yokuphefumla., hlala kwiindawo ezinzulu zemiphunga kwaye ufikelele kwezinye izitho. Iingcali zilumkisa ukuba i-microplastics inako ukuthutha izongezo zekhemikhali ezinobungozi ezifana ne-bisphenols, i-phthalates okanye i-brominated compoundsEzi ngcoliso zinxulunyaniswa neengxaki zokuphefumla, ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine, isifo sentliziyo, ubudlolo, kunye nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza.
I-Microplastics ifunyenwe kwigazi, ingqondo, i-placenta, ubisi lwebele yKutshanje, kwimithambo yomntu kunye nezicubu zemiphungaNangona owona monakalo mkhulu ebantwini awukaziwa, Ubukhulu obuncinane kakhulu bala masuntswana kwandisa ingozi yabo., ekubeni bekwazi ukuwela imiqobo yebhayoloji ngokulula.
Izifundo zezilwanyana zibonise ukuba Ukubonakaliswa okuqhubekayo kwi-microplastics kunokubangela ukuvuvukala kunye nomonakalo kwiiseli zemiphunga., kwaye nokuba negalelo ekuphuhliseni izifo ezingapheliyo. Ukongezelela, uphando olutshanje lubonisa ukuba abo bane-microplastics kwi-artery ethile basengozini enkulu yeziganeko ze-cardiovascular.
Indlela yokunciphisa ukuvezwa kwi-microplastics emoyeni
Nangona okwangoku akunakwenzeka ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwe-microplastics, Amanyathelo anokuthathwa ukunciphisa ukubonakala, ngakumbi ekhaya nakwizithuthi.Phakathi kwezona ngcebiso zixhaphakileyo zezi:
- Phula umoya kumagumbi kunye nokufunxa uthuli rhoqo ukususa amasuntswana amisiweyo naqokelelweyo kumphezulu.
- Ziphephe iimpahla ezilukiweyo, iikhaphethi kunye namakhethini enziwe ngemicu yokwenziwaIzinto zendalo ezifana nekotoni, ilinen, okanye uboya zikhethwa kuzo zombini iimpahla kunye nokuhombisa ikhaya.
- Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweplastiki ezisetyenziswa kanye kuphela, njengeengxowa kunye neebhotile, kwaye bakhetha iglasi okanye izitya zentsimbi kunye nezixhobo, ngakumbi ukugcina kunye nokufudumeza ukutya.
Kwimeko yeemoto, Ukungena komoya okulungileyo kunye nokucoca rhoqo kunokunciphisa ukuxinwa kwee-microplastics. Ukucela ukucocwa okomileyo kuhanjiswe kwiingxowa zelaphu eziphinda zisetyenziswe kunye nokuzisa izinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe emsebenzini (ezifana neekomityi okanye i-cutlery) zezinye izenzo ezincinci ezinokwenza umehluko.
Umngeni wehlabathi weeplastiki kunye nokubaluleka kophando
Uhlaselo lwe-microplastics sisihloko eso iyakhula inkxalabo kuluntu lwezenzululwazi kunye nemibutho yehlabathiOkwangoku, imveliso yeplastiki yehlabathi idlula iitoni ezizigidi ezingama-400 ngonyaka, kwaye ukurisayikilishwa kwakhona akufikeleli kwi-10%, ngokwe-PAHO. Ngoko ke, uthethathethwano lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nezivumelwano ziyakhuthazwa ukunciphisa ukwenziwa kweplastiki, ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa ngokutsha okusebenzayo ngakumbi, nokuxhasa uyilo lweemveliso ezingangcolisi kangako.
Iingcali ziyavumelana ngokubaluleka Qhubeka nophando ukuze uqonde ubungakanani bokwenyani bokuvezwa kwi-microplastics kunye nefuthe labo kwimpilo yabantu neyendalo.Ukuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe bokubona amaqhekeza amancinci amancinci, afana ne-nanoplastics, iya kuba yinto ebalulekileyo ekuqondeni ubungozi kunye nokuyila izicwangciso ezisebenzayo zokukhusela nokulawula.
Ukumisa ubukho be-microplastics kwindawo yethu, Uxanduva lomntu ngamnye kunye noluhlangeneyo luhlala lungundoqo. Ukwamkela imikhwa ezinzileyo, ukuhlala unolwazi, kunye nokuxhasa amanyathelo endalo kunokunceda ngokuthe ngcembe ukunciphisa ungcoliseko olungabonakaliyo kodwa oluhlala kwindawo yonke.
Ndingumntu othanda itekhnoloji ojike umdla wakhe we "geek" waba ngumsebenzi. Ndichithe ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10 yobomi bam ndisebenzisa itekhnoloji yokusika kwaye ndikhenkceza ngazo zonke iintlobo zeenkqubo ngenxa yokufuna ukwazi okumsulwa. Ngoku ndiqeqeshelwe ubugcisa bekhompyutha nakwimidlalo yevidiyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 ndibhalela iiwebhusayithi ezahlukeneyo kwitekhnoloji kunye nemidlalo yevidiyo, ndisenza amanqaku afuna ukukunika ulwazi oludingayo ngolwimi oluqondakalayo kuye wonke umntu.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, ulwazi lwam lusuka kuyo yonke into enxulumene nenkqubo yokusebenza yeWindows kunye ne-Android yeefowuni eziphathwayo. Kwaye ukuzinikela kwam kukuwe, ndihlala ndikulungele ukuchitha imizuzu embalwa kwaye ndikuncede usombulule nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo kweli lizwe le-intanethi.