I-PC yam ithi intambo yenethiwekhi ivaliwe.

⁢Kwihlabathi elibanzi lekhompyutha, kukho iimeko ezinokuvavanya umonde wethu kunye nezakhono zobugcisa. Enye yezi ngxaki inokuba kuxa ikhompyutha yethu isixelela ukuba intambo yenethiwekhi iqhawukile. Lo myalezo kwisikrini Inokubangela ukudideka, ngakumbi ukuba siqinisekile ukuba siqhagamshele intambo ye-Ethernet ngokuchanekileyo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga izinto ezinokubangela lo myalezo wempazamo kunye nendlela yokuwusombulula ngempumelelo.

Izizathu ezinokwenzeka zokuba iPC ibonise ukuba intambo yenethiwekhi icinyiwe

Ukuba iPC yakho⁢ ihlala ibonakalisa umyalezo wokuba intambo yenethiwekhi iqhawukile, kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi ezibangela le ngxaki. Apha ngezantsi kuluhlu lwezizathu ezinokwenzeka kunye nezisombululo onokuthi uzame:

1. Iingxaki ngokwasemzimbeni:

• Intambo yenethiwekhi yonakele okanye igugile. Qwalasela iimpawu zokuguga okanye ukuqhawuka koqhagamshelo kwintambo.
• Indawo yothungelwano kwikhompyuter yakho inesiphene. Zama ukuqhagamshela intambo kwelinye izibuko ukukhupha ingxaki enokubakho ngezibuko elisetyenziswayo ngoku.
• Isidibanisi sentambo asifakwanga ngokuchanekileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba isinxibelelanisi sidityaniswe ngokuchanekileyo kuzo zombini izibuko zenethiwekhi yePC yakho kunye nerouter okanye imodem.

2. Uqwalaselo lwenethiwekhi olungachanekanga:

• Iadaptha yenethiwekhi ayenziwanga isebenze. Yiya kuseto lwenethiwekhi yePC yakho kwaye uqiniseke ukuba iadaptha ye-Ethernet yenziwe yasebenza.
• Idilesi ye-IP ayifumaneki ngokuchanekileyo. Iinzame zokuhlaziya ⁢IP idilesi⁤ ngokwenza imiyalelo ethile kwikhonsoli yomyalelo.
• Iprotocol yeTCP/IP ayimiselwanga kakuhle. Qinisekisa ukuba ibumbeke ngokuchanekileyo kwisetingi zenethiwekhi.

3. Iingxaki kwirutha okanye kwimodem:

• I-router okanye imodem ayisebenzi ngokuchanekileyo.
• Kusenokubakho ungquzulwano lwedilesi ye-IP kwinethiwekhi. Qala kwakhona i-router okanye imodem kwaye ubone ukuba ingxaki iyaqhubeka.
• I-router okanye imodem firmware iphelelwe lixesha. Khangela ukuba uhlaziyo lwe-firmware lukhona kwaye ulusebenzise ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Ukuba emva kokuzama ezi zisombululo zinokwenzeka ingxaki iyaqhubeka, kunokuba yimfuneko ukuqhagamshelana nomboneleli wakho wenkonzo ye-Intanethi okanye igcisa elikhethekileyo ukuze ufumane uncedo olongezelelweyo.

Jonga uqhagamshelo olubonakalayo lwentambo yenethiwekhi

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba uqhagamshelo lwentambo yenethiwekhi yakho isebenza kakuhle, landela la manyathelo:

1. Jonga iziqhagamshelo:

• Qinisekisa ukuba izihlanganisi ze-RJ-45 kuzo zombini iziphelo zentambo zifakwe ngokuqinileyo kumazibuko ahambelanayo kwisixhobo sothungelwano, nokuba yi-router, iswitshi, okanye ikhompyutha.
• Jonga ngokubonakalayo izihlanganisi kuwo nawuphi na umonakalo okanye umhlwa. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iingxaki, buyisela intambo yenethiwekhi.
• Ukuba usebenzisa intambo yenethiwekhi ende, qiniseka ukuba akukho zigobe ezigqithisileyo okanye amaqhina anokuchaphazela umgangatho woqhagamshelo.

2. Qinisekisa uqhagamshelwano kwisixhobo sothungelwano:

• Ukufikelela kujongano lolawulo lwesixhobo sothungelwano kwaye uqinisekise ukuba izibuko apho intambo yenethiwekhi iqhagamshelwe kuyo iyasebenza kwaye isebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
• Ukuba izibuko livaliwe okanye libonisa naziphi na iimpazamo, zama ukuqhagamshela intambo yenethiwekhi kwelinye izibuko elikhoyo.
• Khangela ukuba kukho naziphi na izicwangciso ezithile ezifuna ukusetyenziswa kwizibuko, njengezantya zoqhagamshelwano okanye uthethathethwano oluzenzekelayo, kwaye uhlengahlengise njengoko kuyimfuneko.

3. Vavanya uqhagamshelwano:

• Funda izibonisi ze-LED kumsebenzi womnatha ⁤isixhobo⁣ amazibuko ukuze uqinisekise⁤ ukuba kukho umsebenzi kuqhagamshelwano. Ziyakhanya okanye zidanyaze xa kukho itrafikhi yenethiwekhi.
• Ukuba akukho msebenzi kwizalathi ze-LED, vavanya intambo yenethiwekhi esinye isixhobo Ukulawula iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngezibuko okanye ikhadi lenethiwekhi yesixhobo sokuqala.
• Ukuba umsebenzi womnatha ⁢intambo⁣ isebenza ngokuchanekileyo kwesinye isixhobo, kusenokuba ⁢ ingxaki ethile ngezibuko loqobo okanye isixhobo kwaye inokufuna inkxaso yobugcisa eyongezelelweyo.

Jonga ubume bezibuko zenethiwekhi kwiPC

Ukujonga ubume bezibuko zenethiwekhi kwiPC yakho, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ezinye izibonakaliso. Okokuqala, ungasebenzisa isixhobo somgca womyalelo Netstat ukubonisa lonke uqhagamshelo lomsebenzi womnatha kumatshini wakho. Lo myalelo uya kukunika ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nezibuko zasekhaya kunye nezikude, kunye nesimo soqhagamshelwano ngalunye.

Enye inketho kukusebenzisa i-Windows network diagnostic utility, eya kukuvumela ukuba ukhangele imeko yezibuko zenethiwekhi ngendlela ebonakalayo kunye nelula. Ukufikelela kuyo, nqakraza ngokulula iqhosha lasekhaya kwaye ukhangele "Useto lweNethiwekhi kunye noQhagamshelwano lwe-Intanethi". Emva koko, khetha u- "Troubleshoot" kwaye ukhethe "Ukuxilongwa kweengxaki zenethiwekhi" ukhetho. Esi sixhobo siya kukhangela amazibuko othungelwano kwiPC yakho kwaye sikubonise naziphi na iingxaki okanye iingxabano ezinokubakho.

Ukongeza kolu khetho, unokusebenzisa isoftware yomntu wesithathu ⁢ukuqinisekisa izibuko zenethiwekhi. Ezi nkqubo zibonelela ngeempawu ezongezelelweyo kunye nemisebenzi yokuhlalutya kunye nokuxilonga ubume bezibuko zenethiwekhi yakho ngendlela engaphezulu. Eminye imizekelo edumileyo yile Iskena se-IP esinomsindo y I-Nmap, ekuvumela ukuba uhlolisise izibuko kwidilesi ethile ye-IP okanye uluhlu lwe-IP, inika ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nobume bezibuko ngalinye.

Qinisekisa ukuba intambo yenethiwekhi ikwimeko entle

Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenethiwekhi yakho, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba intambo yenethiwekhi esetyenziswayo ikwimeko entle. Nanga amanye amanyathelo onokuwathatha ukujonga nokugcina umgangatho wocingo lwakho:

Jonga ngokubonakalayo⁤ intambo:

• Qwalasela intambo ngomonakalo owenziwe emzimbeni, njengokusikwa, amaxolo, okanye i-kinks. Le miba inokuchaphazela ingqibelelo yoqhagamshelo kwaye ibangele ukulahleka kwepakethi okanye isantya esicothayo.
• Qinisekisa ukuba iziqhagamshelo azinxitywanga okanye azikhululeki, njengoko oku kunokubangela ukuqhawuka kwethutyana.

Yenza uvavanyo loqhagamshelwano:

• Sebenzisa i-cable tester ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kunye nokulungisa umsebenzi we-pin kuzo zombini iziphelo zentambo. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba uchonge naziphi na iintambo ezonakalisiweyo okanye ezingafanelekanga.
• Yenza uvavanyo lwesantya kunye nokusebenza usebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Ukulinganisa i-latency kunye nesantya sokudlulisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba intambo inokusingatha iimfuno zakho ze-bandwidth.

Gcina iingcingo zicwangcisiwe kwaye zikhuselwe:

• Kuphephe ukusonga intambo yenethiwekhi kwiintambo zombane, njengoko oku kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwaye kuthobe umgangatho wokusebenza.
• Sebenzisa ⁢iziqhoboshi okanye iindlela zomdyarho ukugcina iintambo ⁤ zicocekile kwaye uthintele umonakalo ekukhubekeni okanye kwiintshukumo zesiquphe.
• Ukuba ufuna ukwandisa ubude bentambo, sebenzisa iintambo zokwandisa ezifanelekileyo endaweni yokudibanisa iintambo ezininzi zenethiwekhi, ezinokucutha umgangatho wesignali.

Ngokulandela ezi ngcebiso, unokuqinisekisa ukuba ⁢inethiwekhi yakho iyasebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye inokuthenjwa. Khumbula ukuba umgangatho kunye nemeko yentambo yenethiwekhi yakho ibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba rhoqo kwedatha kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kuzo zonke izixhobo zakho ezixhunyiwe.

Jonga useto lwenethiwekhi kwinkqubo yokusebenza

Kwangaxeshanye, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke imiba imiselwe ⁤ngokuchanekileyo​ ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelo olugudileyo kwaye ⁤ lukhuselekile. Apha⁤ sibonisa amanyathelo ekufuneka uwalandele ukuze ujonge kwaye uqwalasele inethiwekhi yakho:

Inyathelo 1:⁢ Jonga uqhagamshelwano

• Jonga ukuba uyakwazi ukuqhagamshela kwi-Intanethi kunye nokufikelela ezinye izixhobo kwi-yakho inethiwekhi yasekuhlaleni.
• Qinisekisa ukuba iintambo zenethiwekhi ziqhagamshelwe ngokufanelekileyo kwikhompyuter yakho kunye nomzila.
• Qinisekisa ukuba uMboneleli wakho weNkonzo ye-Intanethi (ISP) akafumani miba yobugcisa.

Inyathelo 2: Jonga iiSetingi zeIP

• Vula useto lwenethiwekhi ngaphakathi inkqubo yakho yokusebenza.
• Jonga uqwalaselo lwe-IP olunikezelwe kwisixhobo sakho Kufuneka luhambelane noqwalaselo lwenethiwekhi oqhagamshelwe kuyo.
• Jonga ukuba kukho ukungqubana kwedilesi ye-IP ngaphakathi kwinethiwekhi yendawo yakho.

Inyathelo 3: Lungisa i-firewall kunye ne-antivirus

• Qinisekisa ukuba i-firewall kwifowuni yakho inkqubo yokwenza iqwalaselwe ⁢chanekile ukuvumela ⁤itrafikhi yenethiwekhi.
• Hlaziya kwaye uqwalasele isoftware yakho⁤ yeantivirus ukuze ingaphazamisi uqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi.
• Cinga ngokuvumela ukufunyanwa kwenethiwekhi yoluntu ukuba usebenzisa isixhobo sakho kwiindawo ezinoqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi olungaziwayo.

Ngokulandela la manyathelo, uya kukwazi ukujonga kwakhona kwaye uqwalasele inethiwekhi kwinkqubo yakho yokusebenza. indlela esebenzayo. Khumbula ukuba ulungelelwaniso lwenethiwekhi olululo lubalulekile⁣ ukuqinisekisa amava azinzileyo nokhuseleko loqhagamshelwano.

Lungiselela iingxaki kubaqhubi benethiwekhi abaphelelwe lixesha

Abaqhubi benethiwekhi abaphelelwe lixesha banokubangela iingxaki ezininzi kwikhompyuter yakho, ukusuka kunxibelelwano olucothayo lwe-Intanethi ukuya ekungakwazini ukuqhagamshela kwinethiwekhi. Ngethamsanqa, kukho izisombululo onokuzama ukulungisa ezi ngxaki zomqhubi.

1. Hlaziya abaqhubi ngesandla: Ungakhuphela abaqhubi bamva nje ngokuthe ngqo kwiwebhusayithi yomenzi wekhadi lenethiwekhi yakho.

• Ndwendwela iwebhusayithi yomenzi wekhadi lakho lenethiwekhi.
• Khangela icandelo lenkxaso okanye lokukhuphela.
• Fumana imodeli yekhadi lakho lenethiwekhi kwaye ukhuphele abaqhubi bamva nje.
• Nje ukuba ukhutshelwe, sebenzisa ifayile yokufakela kwaye ulandele imiyalelo ekwisikrini.

2. Sebenzisa uMphathi weSixhobo seWindows: Le yeyona ndlela ilunge ngakumbi ukuba awuqinisekanga ngemodeli yekhadi lakho lenethiwekhi.

• Cinezela i-»Windows + X» amaqhosha kwaye ukhethe "Umphathi weSixhobo."
• Yandisa udidi lwe "Network adapters".
• Cofa ekunene kwikhadi lakho lenethiwekhi kwaye ukhethe "Hlaziya iSoftware yoMqhubi".
• Khetha "Khangela ngokuzenzekelayo isoftware yomqhubi ohlaziyiweyo" kwaye ulandele imiyalelo ekwisikrini.

Khumbula ukuqala kwakhona ikhompyuter yakho emva kokuhlaziya abaqhubi ukuze utshintsho lusebenze. Ukuba emva kokuzama ezi zisombululo ingxaki iyaqhubeka, kunokuba yimfuneko ukuba uqhagamshelane nenkxaso yobuchwephesha bomenzi wakho wehardware okanye ucinge ngokutshintsha ikhadi lenethiwekhi eliphelelwe lixesha.

Jonga uqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi kwezinye izixhobo

Enye indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba ezinye izixhobo ziqhagamshelwe ngokufanelekileyo kuthungelwano kukujonga uqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi yazo. Ukwenza oku, landela la manyathelo:

1. Jonga imeko yoqhagamshelwano:
Jonga ukuba isixhobo siqhagamshelwe ngeWi-Fi okanye ngentambo ye-Ethernet. Qinisekisa ukuba unxibelelwano luyasebenza kwaye luzinzile.

2. Hlaziya useto lwenethiwekhi:
Qinisekisa ukuba iisetingi zenethiwekhi yesixhobo zichanekile. Jonga iidilesi ze-IP, isango elingagqibekanga, kunye nezicwangciso ze-DNS ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ibunjwe ngendlela eyiyo.

3. Izixhobo ze-ping kwinethiwekhi:
Sebenzisa umsebenzi weping ukubona ukuba ifowuni inokunxibelelana nezinye izixhobo kwinethiwekhi. Thumela umyalezo wovavanyo kwiidilesi ze-IP ukusuka kwezinye izixhobo kwaye ujonge ukuba ufumana iimpendulo.

Ukuba ulandela la manyathelo kwaye udibana nayo nayiphi na imiba yoqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi kwezinye izixhobo zakho, kunokufuneka wenze uhlengahlengiso lwesetingi okanye uqhagamshelane nomboneleli wakho wesevisi yenethiwekhi ukuze ufumane uncedo. Ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano lwenethiwekhi yindlela esebenzayo yoku ukusombulula iingxaki kwaye uqinisekise⁢ ukuba zonke izixhobo ziqhagamshelwe ngokufanelekileyo kuthungelwano.

Yenza umzila okanye ukusetha kwakhona imodem

Ukuba i-router yakho okanye imodem ifumana uqhagamshelo okanye imiba yesantya, ukwenza ukusetha kwakhona kunokuba sesona sisombululo sikhawulezayo nesisebenzayo. Ukwenza oku kuseta ngokutsha, landela la manyathelo:

1.​ Khulula umzila okanye imodem kumthombo wamandla ombane.⁢ Oku Ingenziwa ngokulula ngokuqhawula intambo yamandla kwi-outlet.
2. Linda malunga nemizuzwana engama-30 phambi kokuphinda uqhagamshele irutha okanye imodem kumbane. Eli xesha liza kuvumela amalungu angaphakathi ukuba abuyisele ngokufanelekileyo.
3. Emva kwemizuzwana ye-30, phinda uqhagamshele i-router okanye imodem kumthombo wamandla. Qinisekisa ukuba uyiplaga intambo ngokupheleleyo ukunqanda imiba yoqhagamshelo ephazamisayo.

Okubalulekileyo, ukuqalisa kwakhona i-router yakho okanye imodem iya kuphinda ilungise zonke iisetingi kwimizi-mveliso engagqibekanga. Oku kuthetha ukuba naluphi na uhlengahlengiso olwenzileyo, olufana namagama ayimfihlo okanye useto lwenethiwekhi, luya kulahleka.

Kwakhona, nceda uqaphele ukuba ukuqalisa ngokutsha umzila wakho okanye imodem kungathatha imizuzu embalwa ukugqiba. Nje ukuba ukusetha kwakhona kugqityiwe, unokuphinda uqhagamshele izixhobo zakho kwinethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi usebenzisa igama eligqithisiweyo elingagqibekanga okanye le ubuyiqwalasele ngaphambili. Siyathemba ukuba ngala manyathelo alula unokusombulula uqhagamshelo okanye imiba yesantya kwirutha yakho okanye imodem!

Seta kwakhona useto lwenethiwekhi kwiPC

Ukuseta kwakhona useto lwenethiwekhi kwiPC yakho,⁤ kukho amanyathelo alula onokuwalandela. Okulandelayo, ndiza kukuchazela indlela yokwenza:

1. Nciphisa intambo yenethiwekhi: Ukuba iPC yakho iqhagamshelwe ngentambo ye-Ethernet, qiniseka ukuba uyayikhupha kwikhompyuter yakho. Oku kuya kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba naziphi na iisetingi esele zikhona kuqhagamshelo lweengcingo zisetwa ngokutsha ngokuchanekileyo.

2. Qala kwakhona irutha yakho okanye⁢ imodem: Umjikelo wamandla umzila wakho okanye⁢ modem. Oku kuya kuvumela isixhobo ukuba siqalise kwakhona kwaye siqwalasele uqhagamshelo lwe-Intanethi kwakhona. Linda imizuzu embalwa ukuze irutha okanye imodem iqale ngokupheleleyo phambi kokuba uqhubeke.

3. Seta kwakhona useto lwenethiwekhi kwiPC yakho: Ukwenza oku, landela la manyathelo:

• Cinezela iqhosha le-⁤Windows + R ⁢ukuvula ibhokisi yencoko yababini ethi Qhuba.
• Chwetheza "cmd" kwibhokisi yencoko yababini kwaye ucinezele u-Enter ukuvula iwindow yomyalelo.
• Kwifestile yomyalelo, chwetheza "ipconfig /flushdns" kwaye ucinezele u-Enter. Oku kuya kucima i-cache ye-DNS kwaye ivumele iPC yakho ukuba iqwalasele uqhagamshelwano lwenethiwekhi kwakhona.
• Emva koko, chwetheza "ipconfig / ukukhulula" kwaye ucinezele u-Enter. Oku kuya kukhulula idilesi ye-IP yangoku.
• Ekugqibeleni, chwetheza "ipconfig / hlaziya" kwaye ucinezele u-Enter. Oku kuya kucela idilesi ye-IP entsha kumzila wakho okanye imodem.

Nje ukuba ulandele la manyathelo, useto lwakho lwenethiwekhi kufuneka lusetwe ngokutsha kwaye uya kukwazi ukuqhagamshela kwi-Intanethi kwakhona. Ukuba uyaqhubeka ukufumana iingxaki zoqhagamshelwano, sicebisa ukuba uqhagamshelane noMboneleli wakho weNkonzo ye-Intanethi ukuze ufumane uncedo olongezelelweyo.

Sebenzisa enye intambo yenethiwekhi ukulawula iimpazamo

Ngamanye amaxesha, unokufumana iingxaki zoqhagamshelo kwi-Intanethi. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuphanda ngokucokisekileyo imvelaphi yengxaki, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulawule iimpazamo kwi-network cabling esetyenziswayo. Indlela elula ⁢nesebenzayo yokwenza oku kukusebenzisa enye intambo yenethiwekhi⁢. Apha sichaza indlela ongayenza ngayo le nkqubo.

1. Qinisekisa ukuba unentambo entsha, engonakaliyo yothungelwano olusesandleni sakho;

2. Nqamula intambo yenethiwekhi yangoku kuzo zombini iziphelo. Oku kubandakanya ukuyikhupha kuzo zombini izibuko ze-Ethernet yesixhobo sakho, njengomzila wakho okanye imodem.

3. Thatha enye intambo yenethiwekhi kwaye uqhagamshele kwelinye icala kwi-Ethernet port yesixhobo sakho. Qinisekisa ukuba uqhagamshelo luqinile kwaye lukhuselekile, unqanda iintshukumo zesiquphe ezinokulukhulula.

Ngokusebenzisa enye intambo yenethiwekhi, uya kulawula ukuba kungenzeka ukuba ingxaki yoqhagamshelwano ibangelwa yintambo ephosakeleyo okanye eyonakeleyo. Ukuba, xa utshintsha intambo, iingxaki ziyaqhubeka, unokuqhubeka nokukhangela izisombululo kwingxaki yoqhagamshelo lwe-Intanethi. Khumbula ukuba ukuba nentambo yenethiwekhi ekwimeko entle kubalulekile ukonwabela uqhagamshelo oluzinzileyo nolusemgangathweni.

Qhagamshelana nomboneleli wakho wesevisi ye-Intanethi xa ufuna ukujonga ezongezelelweyo

Wakuba wenze zonke iitshekhi zokuqala, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane noMboneleli wakho weNkonzo ye-Intanethi (ISP) ngokuthe ngqo ngolwazi olongezelelweyo kunye noncedo. Nanga amanye amanyathelo onokuwathatha xa unxibelelana nabo:

1. Qinisekisa uqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi:
-Buza ummeli we-ISP ukuba ahlole uxhulumaniso lwenethiwekhi ukusuka ekupheleni kwabo ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into iqulunqwe ngokuchanekileyo. ⁢Oku kunokuquka ukujonga i⁢ izicwangciso kwirutha yakho okanye imodem.

2. Cela uvavanyo lwesantya:
-Buza i-ISP ukuba yenze uvavanyo lwesantya kuqhagamshelwano lwakho ukuze ubone ukuba ufumana isantya esifanelekileyo ngokwesicwangciso esinesivumelwano. Ukuba isantya sisezantsi kunesithembiso, umboneleli wakho wenkonzo ye-Intanethi kufuneka aphande kwaye asombulule ingxaki.

3. Sombulula imiba yokubambezeleka:
-Ukuba ufumana ⁢latency⁢ okanye imiba ye-lag yoqhagamshelo, jonga kumboneleli wakho wenkonzo ye-Intanethi ⁤ukuba banokuluphucula uqhagamshelo okanye ukuba kukho naziphi na iisetingi ezifuna ukusetyenziswa kumzila wakho ⁣ukuphucula ukusebenza.

Nceda uqaphele ukuba umnikezeli wenkonzo ye-Intanethi ngamnye unokuba neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uqhagamshelane nabo ngokuthe ngqo ukuze ufumane isikhokelo kwimeko yakho. Zive ukhululekile ukubabonelela ngeenkcukacha zobuchwepheshe, ezifana neziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwesantya okanye nayiphi na eminye imiba ethile, ukubanceda basombulule imeko ngokufanelekileyo.

Cinga ukuba kunokwenzeka iingxaki zehardware ngekhadi lenethiwekhi yePC

Xa ufumana imiba yoqhagamshelo kwiPC yakho, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba kungenzeka ukuba ihardware yekhadi lakho lenethiwekhi inokubangela ingxaki. Nazi ezinye iindawo ekufuneka uzigcine engqondweni xa ujongene nemiba yehardware yekhadi lothungelwano:

1. Jonga unxibelelwano lomzimba:

Isinyathelo sokuqala kukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iintambo zixhunyiwe ngokufanelekileyo kwikhadi lenethiwekhi kunye ne-router okanye imodem. Khangela iintambo ezonakalisiweyo okanye ezikhululekileyo. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba ikhadi lenethiwekhi lifakwe ngokufanelekileyo kwi-PCI slot yePC yakho.

2. Hlaziya abaqhubi:

Abaqhubi ziinkqubo ezivumelayo inkqubo yakho yokusebenza ukunxibelelana nekhadi lenethiwekhi. Abaqhubi basenokuba baphelelwe lixesha okanye bonakele, nto leyo enokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwekhadi lenethiwekhi. Ndwendwela iwebhusayithi yomenzi wekhadi lakho lenethiwekhi ukuze ukhuphele kwaye ufake abaqhubi bamva nje.

3. Yenza iimvavanyo zokuxilonga:

Kukho izixhobo ezininzi zokuxilonga ezikhoyo ukujonga ubume bekhadi lakho lenethiwekhi. Ezinye zezi zixhobo zinokwenza iimvavanyo zokusebenza, zibone imiba yoqhakamshelwano, kwaye⁢ nokusombulula iingxabano ze-IP. Sebenzisa ezi ⁢zixhobo ukufunda ngakumbi kwaye ulungise nayiphi na imiba onokudibana nayo ngehardware yekhadi lakho lomsebenzi womnatha. Nceda ukhumbule ukuba kwezinye iimeko unokufuna ukubuyisela ikhadi lenethiwekhi ukuba kukho ingxaki ebalulekileyo efunyenweyo.

Yenza ukuxilongwa okubanzi usebenzisa izixhobo zokuvavanya inethiwekhi

Ngaphambi kokuphumeza nasiphi na isisombululo senethiwekhi, kubalulekile. Ezi zixhobo zisivumela ukuba sichonge kwaye sisombulule uxhulumaniso, ukusebenza kunye neengxaki zokhuseleko ngokufanelekileyo nangokuchanekileyo.

Esinye sezixhobo eziqhelekileyo kukuxilonga umaleko wezothutho. Ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezifana neWireshark, sinokubamba kwaye sihlalutye itrafikhi yenethiwekhi Ixesha elilungile. ⁤Oku kusinika iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga nokuhamba kwedatha, imigaqo esetyenziswayo kunye nayo nayiphi na impazamo enokuthi ivele.

Esinye isixhobo kukuskena kwezibuko, okusivumela ukuba sijonge ukuba zeziphi izibuko ezivulekileyo okanye ezivaliweyo kumncedisi othile okanye isixhobo senethiwekhi. Oku kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuchongeni ubuthathaka obunokwenzeka kunye nokwandisa ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi. Ukwenza iskena sezibuko, sinokusebenzisa isixhobo esifana neNmap, esinika uluhlu oluneenkcukacha lwamazibuko kunye neenkonzo ezikhoyo kwinkqubo.

Qhagamshelana nengcali yenethiwekhi ekhethekileyo ukuba iingxaki ziyaqhubeka

Ukuba uzame ukusombulula iingxaki zakho zenethiwekhi ngokwakho kwaye ziyaqhubeka ukwenzeka, lixesha lokuba udibane nengcali yenethiwekhi ekhethekileyo. Ezi ngcali zinolwazi kunye namava ayimfuneko ukuchonga nokusombulula naziphi na iintsilelo ezichaphazela ukusebenza kunye nokuzinza kwenethiwekhi yakho.

Ingcali yenethiwekhi ekhethekileyo iya kukwazi ukwenza uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo lweziseko zonxibelelwano zakho, ukuchonga iindawo ezibuthathaka ezinokwenzeka, ulungelelwaniso olungachanekanga okanye izixhobo ezingalunganga, ukongeza, baya kuba nolwazi ngetekhnoloji yamva nje kunye nezenzo ezilungileyo kwinkalo yothungelwano bavumele ukuba bakunike izisombululo ezihlaziyiweyo nezisebenzayo.

Ngokubonisana negcisa elikhethekileyo, unokuxhamla kulwazi lwabo kwimimandla efana nale:

• Ukucwangciswa kunye nokulungiswa kwee-routers kunye nokutshintsha
• Ukusombulula imiba yoqhagamshelwano
• Ukuphunyezwa kwee-firewall kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko
• Uyilo lothungelwano olunokwehla kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu
• Ukuxilongwa kunye nokusombulula ingxaki ye-latency yenethiwekhi kunye nokuxinana

Ungavumeli iingxaki zakho zenethiwekhi zikubangele iintloko ezingakumbi. Ukubonisana nengcali yenethiwekhi eyodwa kuya kukunika uxolo lwengqondo lokwazi ukuba isiseko senethiwekhi yakho sisezandleni ezikwaziyo kwaye uya kufumana isisombululo esifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho. Khumbula ukuba, kubhetele ukuthintela nokucombulula iingxaki kwangethuba kunokujongana neziphazamiso ezibiza imali eninzi nezikruqulayo.

Imibuzo neempendulo

Q: Kutheni iPC yam ibonisa umyalezo othi "intambo yenethiwekhi ivaliwe" ukuba intambo yam ye-Ethernet iqhagamshelwe ngokuchanekileyo?
A: Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba kutheni iPC yakho ingabonisa lo myalezo, nangona intambo yenethiwekhi iqhagamshelwe kakuhle. Apha sibonisa izizathu ezinokwenzeka kunye nezisombululo.

Umbuzo: Zinokuba ziziphi izizathu ezinokubakho zalo myalezo wemposiso?
A: Abanye oonobangela abanokubakho baquka: ingxaki ngezibuko le-Ethernet lePC yakho, intambo eyonakeleyo okanye enempazamo, ubumbeko lwenethiwekhi olungachanekanga, umqhubi wenethiwekhi ophelelwe lixesha, okanye ingxaki ngesixhobo sothungelwano ozama ukuqhagamshelwa kuso.

Umbuzo: Ndingayisombulula njani le ngxaki?
A: Nalu uthotho lwamanyathelo onokuthi uwalandele ukusombulula le ngxaki:

1. Jonga uqhagamshelo olubonakalayo: Qinisekisa ukuba intambo ye-Ethernet iqhagamshelwe ngokukhuselekileyo kuzo zombini iPC yakho kunye nesixhobo senethiwekhi. Zama ukuyiplaga kwiizibuko ze-Ethernet ezahlukeneyo ukuze ukhuphe ingxaki yezibuko.

2. Faka esikhundleni intambo yenethiwekhi: Ukuba uqinisekisile ukuba uxhulumaniso lomzimba luchanekile, kodwa umyalezo wephutha uyaqhubeka, kuyacetyiswa ukuba utshintshe intambo yenethiwekhi entsha. Iintambo ze-Ethernet zingonakala ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye oku kunokubangela iingxaki zonxibelelwano.

3. Qala kwakhona iPC yakho kunye nesixhobo senethiwekhi: Ngamanye amaxesha ukuqalisa kwakhona⁢ kunokulungisa iingxaki zoqhagamshelwano. Cima iPC yakho kwaye ukhuphe isixhobo⁤ kwinethiwekhi imizuzu embalwa. Emva koko, vula izixhobo zombini kwaye uzame ukuseka uqhagamshelwano kwakhona.

4. Hlaziya abaqhubi benethiwekhi: Khangela ukuba kukho uhlaziyo lomqhubi olukhoyo kwikhadi lakho lenethiwekhi. Ukuba kunjalo, zikhuphele kwaye uzifake kwiPC yakho. Oku kunokulungisa imiba yokuhambelana okanye iibugs kumqhubi womnatha okhoyo.

5. Jonga useto lwenethiwekhi: Jonga useto lwenethiwekhi kwiPC yakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuba zibumbeke ngokuchanekileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba useto lwe-IP, useto lwe-DNS, kunye neseto lommeli zifanelekile.

6.⁢ Zama kwesinye isixhobo: Ukuba usafumana umyalezo wemposiso ⁤emva kokulandela amanyathelo angasentla, zama ukuqhagamshela esinye ⁢isixhobo kuqhagamshelo lomsebenzi wothungelwano olufanayo ukulawula ingxaki ngePC yakho.

Umbuzo: Ndingenza ntoni ukuba akukho nalinye kula manyathelo lingasentla lisombulula umba?
A: Ukuba emva kokulandela onke amanyathelo akhankanywe ngasentla ingxaki iyaqhubeka, sincoma ukuba ufune uncedo olukhethekileyo lobugcisa. Umchwephesha oqeqeshiweyo uya kukwazi ukuvavanya imeko yakho ethile kwaye akunike isisombululo esilungiselelweyo.

Amanqaku aphambili

Ukuqukumbela, "I-PC yam ithi intambo yenethiwekhi iqhawukile" ngumyalezo oqhelekileyo wempazamo⁤ onokuvela ngamaxesha amaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, ngokulandela la manyathelo akhankanywe ngasentla, kunokwenzeka ukusombulula le ngxaki ngokufanelekileyo. Khumbula ukujonga uqhagamshelo lwentambo ebonakalayo, qala kwakhona imodem, uhlaziye abaqhubi benethiwekhi, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, zama enye intambo okanye izibuko. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukukhupha ⁢ulungelelwaniso olungalunganga okanye imiba enxulumene ⁢nokhuseleko okanye isoftwe yomlilo. Ngokulandela la manyathelo, uya kukwazi ukusombulula ngokukhawuleza lo mba kwaye ukonwabele uqhagamshelo lwe-Intanethi oluzinzileyo nolungenasiphazamiso. Ukuba ingxaki iyaqhubeka, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane nochwepheshe okhethekileyo ngoncedo olongezelelweyo. ...