IiMvume ezibuthathaka kwi-Android: Indlela yokuKhokela, iiNguqu, kunye neMigaqo-nkqubo

Ubumfihlo kwi-Android buthathe umtsi omkhulu phambili kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kodwa ihlala ingumxholo ofanele ukuhlala usazi. Iimvume ezibuthathaka kwi-Android zingundoqo ekufikeleleni kwidatha yakho kunye nemisebenzi ebalulekileyo yesixhobo., njengoko kwenzeka xa a usetyenziso luqokelela idatha eninzi kakhulu, kunye nokuqonda ukuba zinikwa, zijongisiswa njani, kwaye zilinganiselwe, kusinceda ukuba senze isigqibo ngcono malunga nokufaka kunye nokugunyazisa.

Ukongeza kwinkqubo ngokwayo, iGoogle Play kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yayo iluqinisile ulawulo ngophononongo, izithintelo, kunye neelebhile zolwazi. Utshintsho lwakutsha nje lubandakanya iintlobo ezintsha zeemvume, ulawulo lwegranular, kunye nezilumkiso ezibonakalayo xa i-app isebenzisa ikhamera, i-microphone, okanye indawo.Ngezantsi uya kufumana isikhokelo esipheleleyo, esisebenzayo, kunye nesexesheni sokuhamba ngokukhuselekileyo kulo mhlaba.

Iindidi zemvume enovakalelo ezifuna ingqalelo eyodwa

Kukho amaqela emvume anovakalelo kwi-Android achaphazela ngqo ubumfihlo bakho okanye ukhuseleko lwenkqubo. Kuluncedo ukuzazi ukuze ubhaqe izicelo ezingafanelekanga kwaye wenze izigqibo ezizizo. ixesha lokugunyazisa okanye ukukhanyela.

• SMS kunye nerekhodi yokufowuna.
• Ubicación.
• Ukufikelela kuzo zonke iifayile.
• Iimvume zefoto kunye nevidiyo.
• Iphakheji (isicelo) ukubonakala.
• Accessibility API.
• Cela ukufakwa kwephakheji.
• Inkonzo yeVPN.
• Ii-alam ezichanekileyo.
• Injongo yesikrini esigcweleyo.

Iimvume zesivamvo somzimba kunye notshintsho kwi-Android 16

Idata evela kwizinzwa zempilo (izinga lentliziyo, ukugcwala kweoksijini, ubushushu bolusu, njl.njl.) yeyomntu kwaye inovakalelo. Usetyenziso olucela ukufikelela kule datha luyajongwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kuhambelana neenzuzo ngqo kumsebenzisi., ezifana nokuba sempilweni, ukuba sempilweni, ukujongwa kwemeko, uphando oluvunyiweyo, okanye iimpawu ezinokunxitywa.

Ngokwesiko, isetyenziswe BODY_SENSORS (kwaye ngasemva BODY_SENSORS_BACKGROUND), kodwa ukusuka I-Android 16 ukufuduka ukuya kwiimvume zendawo ezichaneke ngakumbi android.permissions.health.*. Oku kwazisa izigunyaziso ezithile ezifana READ_HEART_RATE, READ_OXYGEN_SATURATION o READ_SKIN_TEMPERATURE, ukomeleza ubumfihlo ngokucutha kanye uhlobo lwedatha oluceliweyo.

Usetyenziso olujolise kwi-Android 16 nasemva koko, Kunyanzelekile ukusebenzisa iimvume ezintsha ezinenkcukacha endaweni yemvume ebanzi, kwaye isicelo ngasinye siyajongwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba siyangena kwiimeko ezivunyiweyo nezibonakalayo kumsebenzisi.

IHealth Connect ibeka phakathi idatha yezempilo kunye nokomelela kwisixhobo sakho. Ingasetyenziselwa kuphela iinjongo ezivunyiweyo ezifana nokuba sempilweni, ukuba sempilweni, imbuyekezo, uqeqesho, ukuba sempilweni kweshishini, uphando, kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo., kwaye usetyenziso alunakwandisa olofikelelo ngeenjongo ezingachazwanga.

Ukucela iimvume zeHealth Connect, iapp yakho kufuneka ibonelele ngeempawu ezinceda impilo okanye ukomelela. Imizekelo esebenzayo ibandakanya ukurekhoda, ukubeka iliso kunye nokuhlalutya umsebenzi womzimba, ukulala, ukuhlala kakuhle kwengqondo, isondlo okanye amanyathelo ezempilo., gcina loo datha kwisixhobo kwaye wabelane ngayo nezinye ii-apps ezidityanisiweyo ezithobela ukusetyenziswa okuvunyiweyo, umzekelo kwimisebenzi yokunxiba efana sync iFitbit yakho.

Iintlobo zeemvume kwi-Android kunye namanqanaba okhuseleko

Iimvume ezibuthathaka kwi-Android zihlelwa ngokwempembelelo yazo kunye nendlela ezinikezelwa ngayo. Ukuqonda ezi ndidi kukunceda ukuba uqikelele ukuba uya kufuna nini ukucela ugunyaziso ngexesha lokusebenza. kwaye yintoni abasebenzisi abaya kuyibona.

Iimvume ngexesha lofakelo

Zinikezelwa ngokuzenzekelayo xa kufakwa i-app kwaye zimele umngcipheko ophantsi. Iimvume eziqhelekileyo kunye nezityikityo zingena apha., kunye namanqanaba ahlukeneyo okukhusela.

• Iimvume eziqhelekileyo. Bavumela izenzo ngaphandle kwebhokisi yesanti, kodwa ngomngcipheko omncinci kubumfihlo kunye nokusebenza kwezinye ii-apps. I-Android ibaphawula njengenqanaba eliqhelekileyo lokukhusela, kwaye banikwe ngaphandle kwengxoxo yexesha lokusebenza.
• Iimvume zotyikityo. Banikwa kuphela ukuba i-app isayinwe kunye nesatifikethi esifanayo esichaza imvume (iqonga okanye i-OEM). Iinkonzo ezikhethekileyo ezinje ngokuzalisa ngokuzenzekelayo okanye iimvume zokusayina zeVPN, kwaye ezininzi azifumaneki kubantu besithathu (bona vumela iimvume zengcambu kwi-Android).

Iimvume zexesha lokudlala

Ekwabizwa ngokuba yingozi, banikezela ukufikelela kwidatha ebuthathaka kunye nezenzo (abafowunelwa, indawo, ikhamera, imakrofoni, njl.njl.). Kuya kufuneka uzicele ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokuzisebenzisa kwaye ungacingi ukuba sele zinikiwe.Inkqubo ibonisa ibhokisi yencoko yababini ukuze umsebenzisi athathe isigqibo.

Permisos especiales

Olu hlobo lwemvume ebuthathaka kwi-Android ithintela imisebenzi ephambili njengokuzoba ngaphezulu kwezinye ii-apps okanye ukulawula izaziso zesikrini esigcweleyo. Iisetingi zenkqubo ziquka iphaneli yoFikelelo oluKhethekileyo lweApp ukuguqula uninzi lwale misebenzi. Ngokobuchwephesha, i-Android ibanxulumanisa nenqanaba lokhuseleko lohlobo lwe-appop.

Ukuhamba okucetyisiweyo ekusebenziseni iimvume

Xa usebenza ngeemvume ezibuthathaka kwi-Android, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulandele ezi zikhokelo:

• Phambi kokuchaza imvume, cinga ukuba ungazalisekisa imeko yokusetyenziswa ngaphandle kokufikelela kwidatha ethintelweyo. Imisebenzi emininzi inokusonjululwa ngaphandle kweemvume okanye ngeendlela ezingephi. (abakhethi bomxholo, iinjongo zesistim, njl.).
• Ukuba ufuna imvume, yichaze kwaye ufake isicelo sogunyaziso apho kufanelekileyo. Inxulumanisa isicelo nentshukumo ethile yomsebenzisiUmzekelo, icela imakrofoni kanye xa ilixesha lokuthumela umyalezo wesandi, hayi ngaphambili.
• Jonga ukuxhomekeka: Amathala eencwadi owadibanisayo anokuba neemfuneko zemvume eyongezelelweyo.. Bhala ukuba zisetyenziselwa ntoni na nokuba ziyimfuneko na.
• Uguqulo lwe-transparency drives: Cacisa ukuba yeyiphi idatha oyifunayo, kutheni, kwaye yintoni elahlekileyo xa inqatshiweKwaye xa ufikelela kwi-hardware ebuthathaka, yongeza izikhombisi zakho ukuba inkqubo ayizibonisi, ngoko ke umsebenzisi uyazi xa isetyenziswa.
• Unokumisela umda kwindlela ezinye ii-apps ezisebenzisana ngayo nezinto zakho, Ukusebenzisa iimvume kumacandelo ukunciphisa ufikelelo kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle a lo imprescindible.

Jonga kwaye uhlengahlengise iimvume ezibuthathaka kwi-Android

Ukusuka kwiVenkile yePlay, yiya kuluhlu lweapp, skrolela ezantsi kwicandelo lolwazi lobugcisa, kwaye ucofe "Jonga iinkcukacha" kwicandelo leemvume. Apho uya kubona ngesishwankathelo ukuba zeziphi iimvume ezicelwayo. phambi kokuba uyifake.

Kuseto lwesixhobo sakho, yiya kwii-Apps, khetha usetyenziso, emva koko ucofe iiMvume. Unganikezela okanye urhoxise nganye nganye ngokweenqobo zakho. Enye indlela emfutshane nguMphathi weeMvume, apho unokucoca ngokohlobo (indawo, ikhamera, njl.).

Ukuba ufumana imvume engafanelekanga, yirhoxise kwaye ucinge ngokungayifaki i-app. Ungayixela njengengafanelekanga kwimenyu ekwiphepha layo lokudlala leVenkile. ukuze abanye abasebenzisi baziswe kwaye uGoogle uyayiphonononga ukuba iingxelo ziqokelela.

Khumbula ukuba namaqonga aqinileyo afuna ukulumka. Iiforum ezidumileyo kunye nothungelwano lubonisa iikuki kunye nezaziso zabucala, kodwa uxanduva lokugqibela lwento oyifakileyo kunye nento oyigunyazisayo yeyakho.

Ukufakela, ixesha lokusebenza kunye nemiba yobugcisa

Iimvume ezibuthathaka kwi-Android ziquka okubizwa ngokuba ziimvume zokufakela, ezifana nezo zofikelelo lwe-intanethi okanye ukufunda ugcino lwangaphandle. Zibhengezwe kwimanifest kwaye zinikwe ekuhlohleniNangona zivela evenkileni, abantu abaninzi abazijongi, ngoko ke impembelelo yazo ihlala ithathwa njengengaphantsi koluhlu lwexesha lokusebenza.

Kwindawo, kukho amanqanaba amabini: ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION (malunga) kunye ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION (chanekile). Ukusukela kwi-Android 12 unokunika kuphela uqikelelo lomda wokuchaneka, kuxhomekeke ekubeni iapp nganye ikubuza ntoni kwaye yintoni ebonakala isengqiqweni kuwe.

Iimvume ezinobungozi ziyacelwa ngexesha lokusebenza, kusetyenziswa ii-APIs ezihambelanayo zangoku. Usetyenziso kufuneka lujonge ukuba sele lunayo na imvume kwaye, ukuba akunjalo, lucele kwindawo elungileyo ekuhambeni.Inkqubo ibuyisela isigqibo ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze i-app isabele (iqhubeke, ibonise enye indlela, okanye ichaze isizathu).

Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulawule iinguqulelo: Ingqiqo yesicelo isebenza kwi-Android 6 ukuya phambiliKwiinguqulelo zangaphambili, ezi mvume zanikwa xa kufakelo. Kukwayinto elungileyo ukunika ingcaciso yangaphambili xa imvume inovakalelo, ukuphucula ukwamkelwa.

Ukusukela kwi-Android 11, ukuba awusebenzisi usetyenziso iinyanga, Inkqubo inokurhoxisa ngokuzenzekelayo iimvume ebezinikwe ngaphambili. Yiyo loo nto kucetyiswa ukuba i-app iqinisekise ukufikelela ngakunye okubuthathaka ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.

Izenzo ezilungileyo kubaphuhlisi kunye nabasebenzisi

• Menos es más: Cela elona nani lincinane leemvume eziyimfuneko kwaye kade ekuhambeni kangangoko.Ukuba kukho enye indlela, engaphazamisi kangako ukuphumeza usukelo, yisebenzise.
• Yazisa ngokucacileyo: Xela ukuba yeyiphi idata oyicelayo, ngoba, kwaye yintoni ezuziweyo okanye elahlekileyo ngokuyinika.Gcina umgaqo-nkqubo wabucala obanzi, ofikelelekayo olungiselelwe iimfuno zemveliso yakho.
• Qaphela abaxhomekeke: Xa udibanisa amathala eencwadi, khangela iimvume abaziphetheyo kwaye uphephe ukongeza abo bacela ukufikelela ongakufuniyo.
• Controla la exposición: Nciphisa amacandelo angaphandle kwaye usebenzise iimvume kumacandelo ukunciphisa unxibelelwano kunye nezinye ii-apps kwinto ebalulekileyo.
• Kwaye njengomsebenzisi, lumka kuyo nantoni na engafanelekanga: Rhoxisa iimvume ezikrokrisayo, khupha ngokwemfuno, kwaye uxele kwivenkile ukunceda uluntu kunye nokunyanzela uphononongo apho kufanelekileyo.

Ekugqibeleni, ulawulo olufanelekileyo lweemvume ezibuthathaka kwi-Android ludibaniso lweemvume zegranular, uphononongo lukaGoogle Play, iidashbhodi, kunye nezaziso zexesha lokwenyani. Ngamafutshane, izixhobo ezininzi kunangaphambili zokukhusela. Ngokunika ufikelelo kuphela xa isongeza ixabiso, uphonononga rhoqo kwaye uqonde ukuba i-app nganye icela ntoni, ungayonwabela i-Android ngoxolo olukhulu lwengqondo.

Inqaku elinxulumene nalo:

Ufumanisa njani ukuba iiapps zikuhlola ngasemva kwi-Android

UDaniel Terrasa

Umhleli okhethekileyo kwitekhnoloji nakwimiba ye-intanethi eneminyaka engaphezu kweshumi yamava kumajelo osasazo edijithali. Ndisebenze njengomhleli kunye nomdali womxholo we-e-commerce, unxibelelwano, ukuthengisa kwi-intanethi kunye neenkampani zentengiso. Ndibhale kwakhona kwiiwebhusayithi zezoqoqosho, ezemali kunye namanye amacandelo. Umsebenzi wam ukwangumnqweno wam. Ngoku, ngamanqaku am kwi Tecnobits, Ndizama ukuhlola zonke iindaba kunye namathuba amatsha ukuba ihlabathi lobuchwepheshe lisinika yonke imihla ukuphucula ubomi bethu.